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Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space U. Schreiber (TUM), J. Kodet (TUM), I. Prochazka (CTU), L. Cacciapuoti (ESA), P. Laurent (LNE-SYRTE), C. Salomon (LKB, ENS) M. P. Hess (Airbus D&S), D. Goujon (SpectraTime), W. Schaeffer (TimeTech) and D. Massonnet (CNES) Atomic clocks and high-performance links are used to measure time and frequency to accuracy levels never reached before. When operated in a space-based laboratory, the large variations of the gravitational potential, the large velocities and velocity variations, as well as the worldwide access to ground clocks become key ingredients to measure tiny deformations in space-time that might bring the signature of new physics and new fundamental constituents. From the International Space Station, the ACES payload will distribute a clock signal with fractional frequency stability and accuracy of 1 · 10e-16. The comparison of distant clocks via ACES will be used to test Einstein’s theory of general relativity. The ACES mission elements are now close to flight maturity. The flight model of the cold cesium clock PHARAO has been tested and delivered for integration in the ACES payload. Tests on the active hydrogen maser SHM and the microwave link MWL have been completed and manufacturing of the flight models is ongoing. The time transfer optical link ELT is also well advanced. This paper presents the progress of the ACES mission elements. Testing Fundamental Physics with Clocks in Space: The ACES Mission

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Page 1: Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space Testing Fundamental Physics ... · Atomic clocks and high-performance links are used to measure time and frequency to accuracy levels never reached

Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space

U. Schreiber (TUM), J. Kodet (TUM), I. Prochazka (CTU), L. Cacciapuoti (ESA), P. Laurent (LNE-SYRTE), C. Salomon (LKB, ENS)

M. P. Hess (Airbus D&S), D. Goujon (SpectraTime), W. Schaeffer (TimeTech) and D. Massonnet (CNES)

Atomic clocks and high-performance links are used to measure time and frequency to accuracy levels never reached before. When operated in a space-based laboratory, the large variations of the gravitational potential, the large velocities and velocity variations, as well as the worldwide access to ground clocks become key ingredients to measure tiny deformations in space-time that might bring the signature of new physics and new fundamental constituents. From the International Space Station, the ACES payload will distribute a clock signal with fractional frequency stability and accuracy of 1 · 10e-16. The comparison of distant clocks via ACES will be used to test Einstein’s theory of general relativity. The ACES mission elements are now close to flight maturity. The flight model of the cold cesium clock PHARAO has been tested and delivered for integration in the ACES payload. Tests on the active hydrogen maser SHM and the microwave link MWL have been completed and manufacturing of the flight models is ongoing. The time transfer optical link ELT is also well advanced. This paper presents the progress of the ACES mission elements.

Testing Fundamental Physics with Clocks in Space: The ACES Mission

Page 2: Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space Testing Fundamental Physics ... · Atomic clocks and high-performance links are used to measure time and frequency to accuracy levels never reached
Page 3: Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space Testing Fundamental Physics ... · Atomic clocks and high-performance links are used to measure time and frequency to accuracy levels never reached
Page 4: Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space Testing Fundamental Physics ... · Atomic clocks and high-performance links are used to measure time and frequency to accuracy levels never reached
Page 5: Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space Testing Fundamental Physics ... · Atomic clocks and high-performance links are used to measure time and frequency to accuracy levels never reached
Page 6: Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space Testing Fundamental Physics ... · Atomic clocks and high-performance links are used to measure time and frequency to accuracy levels never reached
Page 7: Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space Testing Fundamental Physics ... · Atomic clocks and high-performance links are used to measure time and frequency to accuracy levels never reached
Page 8: Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space Testing Fundamental Physics ... · Atomic clocks and high-performance links are used to measure time and frequency to accuracy levels never reached
Page 9: Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space Testing Fundamental Physics ... · Atomic clocks and high-performance links are used to measure time and frequency to accuracy levels never reached
Page 10: Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space Testing Fundamental Physics ... · Atomic clocks and high-performance links are used to measure time and frequency to accuracy levels never reached
Page 11: Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space Testing Fundamental Physics ... · Atomic clocks and high-performance links are used to measure time and frequency to accuracy levels never reached
Page 12: Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space Testing Fundamental Physics ... · Atomic clocks and high-performance links are used to measure time and frequency to accuracy levels never reached
Page 13: Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space Testing Fundamental Physics ... · Atomic clocks and high-performance links are used to measure time and frequency to accuracy levels never reached
Page 14: Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space Testing Fundamental Physics ... · Atomic clocks and high-performance links are used to measure time and frequency to accuracy levels never reached

Two- Way Time + Frequency (on Ground)

Example: FEL in Trieste• 2-Way compensation technique only possible in

the optical domain

• required broadband signal available from fs-pulse lasers only

• Inherent uncertainty < 100 fs: ≈ 5 orders of magnitude gain over current situation

• Consequences for Local Survey: 1 mm = 3 ps

Page 15: Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space Testing Fundamental Physics ... · Atomic clocks and high-performance links are used to measure time and frequency to accuracy levels never reached

Two- Way Time + Frequency (on Ground)

Page 16: Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space Testing Fundamental Physics ... · Atomic clocks and high-performance links are used to measure time and frequency to accuracy levels never reached

Summary

• ACES is taking clock comparisons to the next level. SLR is a natural technique of choice for that purpose

• ELT + TWSTFT are essential parts of the mission objective (ELT provides a clear geometric reference)

• Payload awaits launch vehicle: Launch in early 2018

• WLRS is technically ready, awaiting ESA and NASA clearance for laser safety

• Once Laser safety clearance is obtained, the concept is transferred to the partner stations (without extra pain)


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