atpl tables

ATPL

Table 1 Chart Classifications...............................................................................................2Table 2 Radio Spectrum Classification...............................................................................3Table 3 Radio Emission Classification................................................................................3Table 4 HF Frequency Classification..................................................................................3Table 5 Loading Type Classification...................................................................................4Table 6 AI Turning Errors...................................................................................................4Table 7 Jetstreams and Global Latitude Reference.............................................................5Table 8 Macro Atmosphere Structure..................................................................................6Table 9 Troposphere Structure............................................................................................6Table 10 Pressure Datum Relationships (QNH/QFF).........................................................6Table 11 Fire and Extinguisher Classifications...................................................................7Table 12 Pre-Ingnition and Detonation Characteristics.......................................................7Table 13 Equipment Requirements.....................................................................................7Table 14 Supplemental Oxygen Requirements...................................................................8Table 15 Safety Equipment Requirements..........................................................................8Table 16 Reporting Requirements.......................................................................................8Table 17 Separation Question Matrix..................................................................................9Table 18 Separation...........................................................................................................10Table 19 Light Signals.......................................................................................................10Table 20 ICAO Annexes...................................................................................................11Table 21 Licensing Requirements.....................................................................................11Table 22 - Visual Flight Rules...........................................................................................11Table 23AIP Contents and Subdivision.............................................................................12Table 24 ATS and SAR Classification..............................................................................12Table 25 Holding Speeds...................................................................................................12Table 26 Intenational Conventions....................................................................................12

of 12

ATPL

Table 1 Chart Classifications

Mercator Conic/Lambert Polar StereoScale Scale at Xº =

1/Scale*CosXº (Div by Cos Xº if going toward equator).Or Scale at A*CosB=Scale at B*CosA

Expands outside standard ||s Contracts between, correct at std ||. || of origin slightly North of midpoint. Max Lat spread 24º 2/3 inside, 1/6 ea outside.

Expands away from pole. Radius of || of lat is 2R tan(co-lat/2). For scale map R =250M/Scale. Co-lat is 90º-latº (ie. degrees to pole)

RL Straight (see below for variants)

Concave to pole Concave to pole

Convergency Correct at tangency (Std Equator, TVM - central meridian & equator, OM - GC tangency and poles).

Chart Convergency longitude(mins) * Sin || of origin. Same formula for grid convergence.

longitude (ie. Sin lat= 1

Radio Bearings

Add conversion to all on Std, Otherwise only to ADF/AWR.

Convergency @ station to ADF AWR.

Convergency @ station to ADF AWR.

GC Poleward of RLConcave to point of accurate convergence (Equator)

Poleward of RLConcave to point of accurate convergence (|| of origin)

Poleward of RLConcave to point of accurate convergence (meridian)

Other Usable to 70ºN&S and 350nm either side of GC of tangency.

Usable 80ºN&S. Usable 65N up.Light shone from opposite pole

Variants Transverse – Central meridian of longitude is tangency. GCs are straightish/ concave to central meridian. RLs concave to pole. ||s of lat are elipses xcpt equator.Oblique – Specific Route

Simple – Cone touches earth once, std = origin

of 12

ATPL

Table 2 Radio Spectrum Classification

VLF LF MF HF VHF UHF SHF EHFVery Low Med High Very Ultra Super Extra

Freq 3-30K 30-300K

300K-3M

3M-30M

30M-300M

300M-3G 3G-30G 30G-300G

Wavelength 100km-10km

10Km-1Km

1Km-100m

100m-10m

10m-1m

1m-10cm 10cm-1cm

1cm-1mm

Myria Kilo Hecto Deca Metric Deci Centi MilliSpace WavesSky WavesSurface Waves

4000nm 1000nm 300nm 100nm

Ionos DuctAtmos. AttnSurface AttnIonos AttnStaticUses Loran

NDB 190k

NDB 1750k

Comms 2850K- 22M

Comms 118M-137M

GldslpGPS 1.5G(L1)C/A 1.2G(L2)SSRDME

Radalt 4.3GMLSATC/Wx Radar9-10G

Table 3 Radio Emission Classification

X3E (Comms) AXW X0N AXAJ HF SSB Sup Carr 8 ILS P DME 1 NDB IdentA VHF DSB 9 VOR N NDB Carrier 2 Alt NDB Ident

Table 4 HF Frequency Classification

Lowest Usable HF Maximum Usable Frequency

Optimum Frequency

Static & Ionospheric attenuation

Best combination – use highest frequency that works

End of skip distance – a bit temperamental

of 12

ATPL

Table 5 Loading Type Classification

Zero Fuel Mass

Airplane incl unusable fuel & oil

Basic Empty Mass Dry Operating

Mass (Wet if includes Fuel)

All Up Mass

Crew & crew bags, catering, special equipment

Variable Load

Passengers & Freight Traffic Load Useful

(Disposable) LoadFuel Fuel

Table 6 AI Turning Errors

of 12

90º 270º180º

Pitch

TurnOver

Under

ATPL

Table 7 Jetstreams and Global Latitude Reference

Jan Jul Character EMEA Americas Far East/Pacific9065

Highs, Light Easterlies Greenland, Canada Northern Territories

▐80-120▌

▐80-120▌

65

40

Disturbed Temperate (Travelling Westerlies)

Europe (Madrid, Rome, Istanbul) to Arctic Circle, Russia,,

Nthn California to NY, Northern US States, Alaska, Canada

Mongolia Kazakhstan & Russia (Sakhalin, Kamchatka), Japan (Hokkaido)

▌120 4035

Temperate Transitional (Mediterranean)

Southern med (Lisbon, Athens, Izmir, Tehran, Kabul)

Mid California, Colorado, Virginia

China (Beijing to Xian), Japan (Honshu, Tokyo) Korea

▌2/300▌

35

20

Arid SubtropicalHighs, Desert

Nth Africa (Morocco, Algeria , Libya, Egypt, Saudi, Middle East

Sthn California, Texas, Georgia, Mexico City & Nth Mexico

Sthn China (Xian to HK) N India (Kashmir to Mumbai)

▌*10N

▌20N*▌▌25/50

20

10

Tropical TransitionalSavannah & Trades

Oman, Sudan, Mauretania, Senegal, Mali, Niger, Chad, , Yemen

Cuba, Sthn Mexico, Central America, Carribean

India (Mumbai to Bangalore) Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.

▌▌25/35▌orW

▌▌5S

10

10

Equatorial Easterlies, weaker even v light westerly in winter.

S facing strip of W Africa (Lagos) to Horn (Addis Ababa), Congo to Tanzania,

Northern S America (Panama, Venezuela) to mid Brazil

Singapore Malaysia Indonesia, Sri Lanka & Sthn tip of India

▌15S 1020

Tropical TransitionalSavannah & Trades

Angola, Zambia, N Mozambique

Southern Brazil, Bolivia S Peru

Nth Australia

▌90/1T2035

Arid SubtropicalHighs, Desert

Namibia, Sth Africa Uruguay, N Argentina Central Australia to Sydney/Perth

▌70/80 3540

Temperate Transitional (Mediterranean)

Mid Argentia, Chile Melbourne, Auckland NZ North Island

▌60/70 ▌60/70 4065

Dist Temp Sth Argentina, Chile, Tierra del Fuego

NZ South Island, Tasmania

6590

Polar Antarctica Antarctica Antarctica

*Bombay/Oman/Sudan Cuba is northern limit of tropical easterlies in summer*Lagos Addis Ababa/Panama/Singapore is northern limit of tropical easterlies in winter

of 12

ATPL

Table 8 Macro Atmosphere Structure

Discontinuity Height Thermal Character Other/NotesF Layer (Appleton) 225km (150-350Km) Temp Rises High Ion DensityE Layer (Kenelly-Heavyside) 125km (100-150Km) Temp Rises Med Ion DensityMesopause 80km Temp fallsD Layer (Day Only) 75km (50-100km) Low Ion Density.Stratopause 50km Temp rises at

0.3C/1000ftISA Limit 20km Temp steady -56.5

under ISA drops at 2C/1000ft under JSA

Unless tropopause height specified. Then use actual tropopause temp.

Tropopause 11km Sum Wtr Temp drops at 2C/1000ft

25,000ft -45C Pole40,000ft -55C mid lat55,000ft -75C equator

30º 16k 16k50º 12k 9k70º 9k 8k

Table 9 Troposphere Structure

Height.P dominates T affects P/H

Press/Ht per HPa96T(ºA)/P(HPa)

TUC(2 if from 7-8000ft cabin alt)

Other

58,000ft 100/200ft49,000ft Need radiation monitoring43,000ft 8-12secs40,000ft 20secs O2 under pressure required

O3 a problem to 75,000ft38,000ft 200mb/102ft35,000ft ¼-½min30,000ft 300mb/73ft ½-1min25,000ft 376mb 2-4min22,000ft 4-8min 35mm in lungs/

unconsciousness18,000ft 500mb/48ft 30min 50mm in lungs10,000ft 700mb/36ft Indefinite5,000ft 850mb/31ftSea Level 1013mb/27ft. Use

this for <2000ft.160mm but only 100mm in lungs due H2O & CO2

Table 10 Pressure Datum Relationships (QNH/QFF)

Below ISA Above ISAAbove MSL QNH/QFF QFF/QNHBelow MSL QFF/QNH QNH/QFF

of 12

ATPL

Table 11 Fire and Extinguisher Classifications

Water Foam(oil/fuel not brakes)

Dry Powder(metal/brakes)

Carbon Dioxide(engine/elec)

BCF(elec fire in cabin)

Class A Solid Class B Liquid/Gas Class C Electrical Class D Metal (or H2O atomiser)

Table 12 Pre-Ingnition and Detonation Characteristics

PreIgnition DetonationCause Hotspots in cylinder cause

mixture to ignite before sparkMixture detonates rather than burning

Timing Before Spark After SparkIncreasing RPM Worsens ImprovesMixture sensitivity Weak mixtures

Table 13 Equipment Requirements

MultiTurbineWith >9 seats

Max Cert TOM >5700kgs

15,000kgsor 30 seats

27,000kgs Warning Required

Altitude Alerting

Visual up, Aural down.

GPWS Aural1DFDR 10h Apr/98 On Type II

25h All A/C Jun/90 OnTurbine only B4 Jun/90

Type I(Enh. Rec.)

CVR 30m Jan/90 On 2hrs Apr/98 On30 min B4 Apr/98

TCAS II Jet/turbo plus all a/c >19 seats by 2005

Jet/turbo

TAWS New jet turbofrom 2003

Jet/turbo by 2005

Aural and visual with

displayAWRAll press.a/c

<5700kgs pressurised <9 seats may use stormscope

>9 Seats at night or IMC where TS expec.

Windshield wipers

Intercom Or 19 seats

of 12

ATPL

Table 14 Supplemental Oxygen Requirements

Over 10,000ft Over 13,000ft Over 14,000ft Over 15,000ft MinimumPressurised 25kf

t>25kft

Flight Deck After 30 mins Entire time 30min 2hrCabin Crew After 30 mins Entire time 30 min10% Pax After 30 mins30% Pax Entire time100% Pax Entire time 10 minUnpressurisedFlight Deck Entire timeCabin Crew After 30 mins Entire time10% Pax After 30 mins100% Pax Entire time

Table 15 Safety Equipment Requirements

Pax Seats Fire Extinguishers (Of which BCF)

Crash axe Megaphone /deck

First Aid Kits

7-30 1 131-60 2 (1)61-200 3 (2) 1+1100 <100 1201-300 4 (2) 2 <200 2301-400 5 (2) <300 3401-500 6 (2) <400 4501-600 7 (2)>601 8 (2)

Plus 1 BCF in Cockpit

Table 16 Reporting Requirements

Subject ReportingUnlawful Interference ASAPNav Irregularity/Met eg. VA, Radiation ASAPAccident Quckest available meansEmergencey which endangers safety & tereby violates local regs or procs

Local authority without delay, if required by state to appropriate authority then to state of origin in writing within 10 days.

Flight Incidents which (may) endanger safe ops Authority within 72 hoursTechnical defects and excess of tech limitations Recorded in tech logAir Traffic Incidents endangerment by other flying device/ATC etc.

ICAO PANS RAC

Birdstrike ASAP ATC

of 12

ATPL

Table 17 Separation Question Matrix

of 12

ATPL

Table 18 Separation

Type DescriptionVertical During ascent or descent 15 mins whilst vertical separation does not exist,

down to 10 where navaids permit, or 5minutes if less than 10 minutes of an actual timed position report.

Lateral VOR/RNAV 15 more than 15nm from facility.NDB 30 more than 15nm from facility.DR 45 more than 15nm from intersect

Longitudinal DME (On track) 20nm or 10nm where front a/c is 20kt+ faster. Also 10nm when climbing or descending through level.Timing - 15mins, down to 10mins if navaids permit, down to 5 mins if front a/c is +20kts, to 3mins if +40kts.Mach number 10-5mins. Each minute less than 10 requires an additional .01M from leading a/c starting at 0.02M up to 0.06M.RNAV 80nm.

RNP RNAV 80nm (RNP 20) verified every hour, 50nm (RNP 50) verified every ½ hour. Otherwise 80nm when same on-track waypoint.

Radar Separation – 5nm standard, 3nm when conditions allow (UK 40nm from radar head) and 2.5nm on localiser/approach (5nm on localiser for wake turbulence).

Wake Turbulence2mins UNLESS

Departure Lighter AND from intermediate part of runway (3min)

Arrival LIGHT behind heavier (3min), 4/5/6 & 5nmDeparture 1, 2, 5mins. 1 if tracks diverge by 45 or more. On same track, 2 if speed

difference of 40kts, 5 otherwise. <1 minute if taking off in different directions. 5 mins max between departing and arriving traffic

Table 19 Light Signals

To An a/c on the ground To an a/c in the airGreen Go (cleared take off) Go (cleared to land)Red Stop Stop (ie circle and give way)Flashing Red Get clear of landing area. Stay clear of landing area (ie do not land)Flashing White Go to start Go to start (ie land here but await signals)Flashing Green Cleared to taxi Come back and await signalsRed pyrotechnic Belay previous instructions - do not land for the moment.

of 12

ATPL

Table 20 ICAO AnnexesAnnex Subject1 Personnel Licensing (Getting a license is my Number 1 priority)2 Rules of the Air (2 Sets of Rules, VFR and IFR)3 Meteorological Services (3ºC/100ft DALR)4 Aeronautical Charts (4 Cardinal Points)5 Dimensional Units (CRP 5)6 Operation of Aircraft (DC6)7 Nationality and Registration Marks (The League of Seven Nations)8 Airworthiness (Looks like a propeller)9 Facilitation (NEIN in German – Immigration)10 Aeronautical Communications (100 for the Operator)11 Air Traffic Control Services (1 to 1 Personal Services)12 Search & Rescue (The one before Accident Investigation)13 Accident Investigation (Unlucky for some)14 Aerodromes (14 Aerodromes around Heathrow)15 Aeronautical Information Services (Looks like IS)16 Environmental Protection (16 Age of Consent, use protection)17 Security (17ft security fence required)18 Dangerous Goods (At 18 you can drink but it’s DANGEROUS to drive)

Table 21 Licensing Requirements

Total Hours PIC Hours XC Hours Night Hours Instrument HoursATPL (21-59)500 MPATransport Category a/c

1500100 sim25 Proc trainer

250 PIC/P1s100 PIC

200100 PIC/P1s

100 PIC/P2 7530 ground

CPL (18-5yrs

150 20300nm flight

55 FSTOL as PIC

105 Ground

PPL (17-IR (A) for C/PPL

50 PIC10 in Airplanes

Table 22 - Visual Flight Rules

Height Vis/Class B C D E F G8km @ > 10,000ft Clear Clear of Cloud by

5km @ <=10,000ft Of 1500m Horizontally

Cloud 1000ft Vertically 3km @ < 3000ftCOC/ISOS<140kt

of 12

ATPL

Table 23AIP Contents and Subdivision

AIP Section CoverageGEN Location Indicators (1.56)

Charges for aerodromes and air navigation (6.67)SIGMET Service

ENR Prohibited and Danger AreasHolding, Approach and Departure procedures

AD Detailed description of met info at AD and indication of met office responsible.Refuelling Services

Table 24 ATS and SAR Classification

Air Traffic Services (ATS)

Subdivision/Phase Notes

ATC Area ControlApproach ControlAerodrome Control

Flight InformationAlerting Service Uncertainty Attempted communications fails/late ATS RCC

Alert Apprehension – init by Flgt Info or ATCDistress Damaged a/c, impaired needs immediate assistance

Table 25 Holding Speeds

Normal Turbulent FL140 170kts (A&B)/230kts 170kts (A&B)/280kts FL200 240kts 280kts FL340 265kts 280kts

Table 26 Intenational Conventions

Warsaw (1926)

Tokyo (1963)Hague (1970)

Montreal (1971)

Rome (1933/38/52)

Subject Liability Hijacking/ Jurisdiction

Non-Hijacking

Ground Damage

Withdrawal Inform ICAO 6 Months notice to contracting states

of 12

atpl tables

Documents