behaviorism presentation upload
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
CONTIGUITY:LEARNING BY ASSOCIATION
GatoradeOlive Gard
enDentyne Ice
What do advertising companies know about contiguity?
PAVLOV’S EXPERIMENT
Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936)
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
+ =
+ + =
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Unconditioned stimulus
Unconditioned stimulus
Conditioned stimulus
Unconditioned response
Unconditioned response
Conditioned response
Neutral stimulus
?HOW DOES CLASSICAL CONDITIONING APPLY
TO US AS TEACHERS?
• More used in Modern Psychology than in the classroom
• Can affect students’ emotional states regarding teachers, schools, and academic subjects
Example:Critical math teacher may condition the student to associate math with
feelings of fear or inferiority
Gatorade image- http://www.onlinecouponsavings.com/wpcontent/uploads/2010/11/gatorade_pepsico_new_packaging_2009.jpg
Dentyne image- http://www.dentyne.com/images/dentyne_ice_peppermint.png
Olive Garden image- http://www.olivegarden.com/press/news_releases/2006/logo-OliveGardenTuscany-RGB.jpg
Pavlov image- http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Ivan_Pavlov_%28Nobel%29.png
Dog image- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:One_of_Pavlov%27s_dogs.jpg
Bowl image- http://dogfoodchat.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/Dog-Food.jpg
Image Citations
Salivating dog image- http://images.artwanted.com/large/08/37011_718008.jpg
Teacher image- http://www.principalspage.com/theblog/wp-content/uploads//2008/04/mean-teacher.jpg
Math sign- http://www.avenue7.com/MakeThumbnail.ashx?height=500&width=500&&file=~/Images/ComboImages/1293030105382544002b83783c-1005-4025-834c-5302cd0305b8.jpg&qual=80
student image- http://www.kidsenabled.org/articles/images/i_hate_math_winter09.jpg
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING VS
OPERANT CONDITIONING
Doctrine and Covenant s 130 20There is a alaw, irrevocably decreed in bheaven before the foundations of this world, upon which all cblessings are predicated— 21And when we obtain any ablessing from God, it is by bobedience to that law upon which it is predicated.
Mosiah 224And secondly, he doth arequire that ye should do as he hath commanded you; for which if ye do, he doth immediately bbless you; and therefore he hath paid you. And ye are still indebted unto him, and are, and will be, forever and ever; therefore, of what have ye to boast?
Free will?
Antecedent
Behavior
ConsequenceBlack Box
Increasing Behavior
Decreasing Behavior
Stimulus Presented
Stimulus Removed
Operant Conditioning
Increasing Behavior
Decreasing Behavior
Stimulus Presented
Positive Reinforcement
+Positive Punishment
+Stimulus Removed
Negative Reinforcement
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Negative Punishment
-
Operant Conditioning
Increasing Behavior
Decreasing Behavior
Stimulus Presented
Positive Reinforcement
+Positive Punishment
+Stimulus Removed
Negative Reinforcement
-
Negative Punishment
-
In groups think of three school/classroom examples of each
Distinguishing "positive" from "negative" can be difficult, and the necessity of the distinction is often debated.[5] For example, in a very warm room, a current of external air serves as positive reinforcement because it is pleasantly cool or negative reinforcement because it removes uncomfortably hot air.[6] Some reinforcement can be simultaneously positive and negative, such as a drug addict taking drugs for the added euphoria and eliminating withdrawal symptoms. Many behavioral psychologists simply refer to reinforcement or punishment—without polarity—to cover all consequent environmental changes.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforcement
• They lose a “privilege”
KNOW THE STUDENT
• Premack principle• Shaping• Reinforcing
incompatible behavior • Praise-and-ignore• Positive Practice
STRATEGIES FOR INCREASING BEHAVIORS
• Satiation• Extinction• Overcorrection• Reprimand• Response Cost • Social isolation
STRATEGIES FOR DECREASING BEHAVIORS
Fixed Variable
Ratio(behavior)
Interval(time)
Reinforcement Schedule
CUEING AND PROMPTING Chaining-each behavior is a cue for the next behavior until a larger complex behavior is completed.
TASK ANALYSIS— A METHOD FOR BREAKING DOWN A LARGE INSTRUCTIONAL TASK INTO MANAGEABLE PARTS.
Objectives
BEHAVIORAL
Assessment
Behavior
Condition
Run 3 miles cross country in under 18 minutes