BELLWORK1. What was the Industrial

Revolution?2. Where did the Industrial

Revolution start? Where did it spread?

3. What three materials were newly produced during the Industrial Revolution?

4. Why is this event considered a “revolution?”

5. THINKER: Brainstorm a list of modern inventions (since 1990) – try and get at least three!

Inventions since 1990• World Wide Web (1990)

• DVD’s (1995)

• Web TV (1996)

• Segway (2000)

• Artificial heart/lungs (2001)

• Ipod (2001)

• Satellite Radio (2001)

• Hybrid Car (2003)

• YouTube (2005)

Inventions of the 1800s• Battery• Tin can• Photograph/camera• Soda fountain• Stethoscope• Cement• Matches• Typewriter• Sewing machine• Revolver/Machine gun• Morse Code• Bicycle

• Stapler• Safety pin• Dishwasher• Washing machine• Elevator• Plastic• Dynamite• Vacuum • Barbed wire• Telephone• Toilet paper• Contact lenses

Transportation and Communication• The Industrial Revolution was also

characterized by advances in transportation and communication.

• Transcontinental Railroad: U.S. railroad running from the east to west coast

• The increase in railroads allowed goods to be shipped faster and cheaper.

• Telegraph: Samuel Morse perfected it using a system called Morse Code

• Telephone: Alexander Graham Bell; by 1900 (30 years after its invention), 1.5 million telephones were in use.

Environmental Problems - Air• With the race for industrialization, many countries

began to exploit their natural resources (especially coal, oil, and gas) all with little regard to the environment.

• Coal was needed to power the steam engines that would run machines and trains, but coal also released huge amounts of carbon into the atmosphere.

• The combination of smoke and fog produced smog, which was visible as a thick blanket over cities.

• This caused thousands of deaths due to respiratory diseases.

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Environmental Problems - Water• Water was another prime resource used for running

machines in factories.• Factories dumped toxic industrial waste into nearby

rivers.• Due to dense populations, the cities had no proper

system of sewage disposal, so rivers were also contaminated for personal use.

• During the Industrial Revolution, there was no running water – everything came from rivers; therefore, the contaminated, toxic, filthy, sewage water was also used as drinking water.

• This caused water-borne diseases like cholera or typhoid fever to wipe out a huge portion of the population. (Especially the working class).

Environmental Problems - Land• With large amounts of populations moving

to the cities for work, land was being exploited to build homes or more factories.

• This meant cutting down forest areas and loss of natural habitats.

• Many factories used empty space as land fills for their trash and toxic waste.

• This lead to a spread of disease

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Pollution and Industrialization• Pollution remains a side effect of industrialization. • We are going to read a short excerpt on the growth

of industrial cities and how it creates pollution.• “An Industrial City” – pg. 381

1. How did Manchester become an industrial city?

2. What type of industry did Manchester rely on?

3. What happened to the Irwell River?

4. Do you think that what happened to Manchester can be called “progress?”

5. How do cities today compare/contrast with cities of the 1800’s?

Everyday Americans Living Conditions

• poor lived in crowded apartment buildings called tenements

• overwork, poor sanitation, and inadequate diet left slum dwellers vulnerable to disease

• many poor children received no education

• cities were full of prostitution, pornography, and hard alcohol

Everyday Americans

Laborers• Worked in

factories, mills, and mines

• worked at least 60 hours a week for an average pay of about 20 cents an hour, and had no benefits

Everyday Americans

Laborers• earnings

increased up to 60% from 1870-1900

Everyday Americans

With working conditions so bad, why do you think people still came,

by the millions, to America?

Child Labor• Why did factories use child labor during the

Industrial Revolution?• Are there any companies that still use child

labor today?• The following companies have been accused of

using child labor:• Nike Kmart• Disney J.C. Penney• Hyundai Victoria Secret• Guess Limited• Wal-Mart Espirit

Child Labor Facts• Child labor is defined as work that negatively impacts

children. It is work that is harmful to children’s physical and mental health and their social and spiritual development.

• There are more than 200 million children around the world engaged in child labor

• It is estimated that 171 million children work in hazardous conditions; such as in mines or in agriculture without protection from pesticides and dangerous equipment.

• Some children are forced to work in slave-like conditions, which includes situations where children are bonded laborers working in dangerous conditions, children forced into armed groups and children trapped in prostitution and other forms of sexual exploitation.

• Children are consistently paid lower than adults for the same job.

Arizona Labor Laws• Under 16 years old:• work no more than 40 hours in one week when school is not

in session• they may work no more than 18 hours per week when school

is in session• they may not work more than 8 hours per day when school

is not in session or the person is not enrolled• they may not work more than 3 hours in one day when

school is in session• shall NOT be employed at night (9:30 p.m. to 6:00 a.m.) • Cannot be employed in the following areas: manufacturing,

processing, dry cleaning, warehousing, construction, more than 5 feet in height, serving, and operating machinery.

Child Labor in NIKE• Nike is the world’s largest supplier of athletic shoes,

sports equipment and apparel. • Nike employs over 30 million people worldwide and

makes $18 billion a year• Nike has been accused of using child labor in China,

Vietnam, Indonesia, Pakistan, and Cambodia.• Undercover investigation showed violations in

minimum wage/overtime (1996), discrimination against women (1998), young girls working 7 days/week for 16 hours/day (2001), and forced labor (2007).

• Numerous campaigns and groups have protested this, but Nike’s profitability continues to rise.

Child Labor in Nike• You are now going to read an article on Child Labor in

a Nike factory in Pakistan.• As you read, answer the questions on your worksheet.• Be ready to discuss!

CLOSURE

• For closure, you are going to compare and contrast Industrial Revolution labor conditions with Nike’s labor conditions.

• Create a Venn Diagram on your note guide worksheet.

• Be ready to discuss!

Arizona Labor Laws

• Brainstorm a list of things you know about labor laws/child labor in Arizona.

2010 - This week in history……• Your French Revolution story book project is now due

MONDAY FEBURARY 7TH!• Show-and-Tell on Friday!• Bring a personal item from home that has some

value/importance to you• On Friday, you will present this item to the class.• During the short presentation, you must explain the item AND• How it can be related to history and the growth of industry in the

1800s.• If you didn’t bring anything, you MUST still present something. • You can NOT bring weapons, live animals, or phones/iPods• Basically anything can be related to the Industrial Revolution –

you just need to explain it! (textiles, gold, metal, steel, rubber, electricity, plastic etc.)

• You might need to look it up at home