Last Updated: 04-10-2012

Bentonville Public Bentonville Public SchoolsSchools

WHY ARE WE HERE?WHY ARE WE HERE?

OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen Standard 29 CFR 1910.1030Standard 29 CFR 1910.1030 Anyone whose job requires exposure to Anyone whose job requires exposure to

blood borne pathogens is required to blood borne pathogens is required to complete trainingcomplete training

Employees who are trained in CPR and Employees who are trained in CPR and first aidfirst aid

The more you know, the better you The more you know, the better you will perform in real life situations!will perform in real life situations!

What is a What is a Bloodborne Bloodborne Pathogen?Pathogen?

Infectious microorganisms Infectious microorganisms in human blood that can in human blood that can cause disease in humanscause disease in humans

Common Bloodborne Common Bloodborne Pathogen DiseasesPathogen Diseases

Human Human ImmunodeficiencImmunodeficiency Virus (HIV)y Virus (HIV)

Hepatitis B (HBV)Hepatitis B (HBV) Hepatitis C (HCV)Hepatitis C (HCV)

Other bloodborne Other bloodborne pathogens: syphilis, pathogens: syphilis, malaria, brucellosis, malaria, brucellosis, and others.and others.

HIV is the virus that leads to the development of HIV is the virus that leads to the development of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)

HIV depletes the immune system by destroying HIV depletes the immune system by destroying specific blood cells that help the body fight specific blood cells that help the body fight diseasedisease

HIV does not survive long outside the body and HIV does not survive long outside the body and cannot reproduce outside the human bodycannot reproduce outside the human body

No threat of contracting HIV No threat of contracting HIV through casual contactthrough casual contact

Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2011) Retrieved from Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2011) Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/basic/index.htmhttp://www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/basic/index.htm

Human Human Immunodeficiency Virus Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)(HIV)

Hepatitis B (HBV)Hepatitis B (HBV)Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Retrieved fromSource: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Retrieved fromhttp://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/HBV/index.htmhttp://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/HBV/index.htm

800,000 – 1.4 million persons 800,000 – 1.4 million persons in the U.S. are chronically in the U.S. are chronically infectedinfected

Transmitted through Transmitted through activities that involve skin or activities that involve skin or mucosal contact with blood mucosal contact with blood or body fluidsor body fluids

HBV can survive for at least 7 HBV can survive for at least 7 days outside the bodydays outside the body

Incubation period within Incubation period within which symptoms appear, which symptoms appear, average 90 days after average 90 days after exposure, and can last up to 6 exposure, and can last up to 6 monthsmonths

Symptoms vary, may be Symptoms vary, may be absent, but can include: absent, but can include: jaundice, fatigue, abdominal jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, pain, loss of appetite, intermittent nausea, intermittent nausea, vomitingvomiting

May lead to chronic liver May lead to chronic liver damage, liver cancer, and damage, liver cancer, and even deatheven death

Vaccination available since Vaccination available since 19821982

HBV vaccine given as a HBV vaccine given as a series of 3 shots over a 6-series of 3 shots over a 6-month periodmonth period

Hepatitis C (HCV)Hepatitis C (HCV)Resource: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Retrieved from Resource: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/C/cFAQ.htm#overviewhttp://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/C/cFAQ.htm#overview

Hepatitis C is a common and chronic, Hepatitis C is a common and chronic, bloodborne infection in the United Statesbloodborne infection in the United States

Spread when blood from infected person Spread when blood from infected person enters the body of another person not enters the body of another person not infectedinfected

Many people have NO symptomsMany people have NO symptoms Symptoms may include: jaundice, fatigue, Symptoms may include: jaundice, fatigue,

abdominal pain, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, intermittent nausea, vomiting – intermittent nausea, vomiting –

May lead to chronic liver disease, cirrhosis,May lead to chronic liver disease, cirrhosis,liver cancer and even deathliver cancer and even death

Potentially Infectious Potentially Infectious Body FluidsBody Fluids

BloodBlood SalivaSaliva VomitVomit UrineUrine FecesFeces Semen or vaginal Semen or vaginal

secretionssecretions

Skin tissue, cell Skin tissue, cell culturescultures

Any other body Any other body fluidfluid

Transmission PotentialTransmission Potential Contact with Contact with

another another person’s blood or person’s blood or body fluid that may body fluid that may be infectiousbe infectious

Mucous membranes: Mucous membranes: eyes, mouth, noseeyes, mouth, nose

Non-intact (broken) Non-intact (broken) skinskin

Contaminated Contaminated sharps/needlessharps/needles

Your Exposure PotentialYour Exposure Potential

Administering Administering first aidfirst aid

Administering Administering CPRCPR

Post-accident Post-accident clean-upclean-up

Janitorial workJanitorial work Handling of any Handling of any

waste products waste products

Universal PrecautionsUniversal Precautions Assuming all contact is Assuming all contact is

potentially infectiouspotentially infectious Use of proper personal Use of proper personal

protective equipmentprotective equipment Treat all blood and Treat all blood and

body fluids as body fluids as contaminatedcontaminated

Proper clean-up and Proper clean-up and decontaminationdecontamination

Disposal of all Disposal of all contaminated material contaminated material in the proper mannerin the proper manner

Personal Protective Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)Equipment (PPE)

Anything that is used Anything that is used to protect a person to protect a person from exposure to from exposure to blood or body fluidsblood or body fluids

Examples: gloves Examples: gloves (preferably latex (preferably latex free), goggles, face free), goggles, face shields, CPR mouth shields, CPR mouth barriers, aprons, and barriers, aprons, and masksmasks

PPE Rules to RememberPPE Rules to Remember

Always check PPE for defects or tears Always check PPE for defects or tears before usingbefore using

If PPE becomes torn or defective, If PPE becomes torn or defective, remove and replaceremove and replace

Remove PPE before leaving a Remove PPE before leaving a contaminated area, disposing of contaminated area, disposing of safely in an appropriate container or safely in an appropriate container or bagbag

Do not reuse disposable equipmentDo not reuse disposable equipment

DecontaminationDecontamination

When cleaning up surfaces use a 1:10 When cleaning up surfaces use a 1:10 solution of bleach and water (1 part solution of bleach and water (1 part bleach to 9 parts water) to clean and bleach to 9 parts water) to clean and decontaminate surfaces and decontaminate surfaces and equipment. Mix fresh daily!equipment. Mix fresh daily!

Dispose of all disposable wipes used in Dispose of all disposable wipes used in red biohazard bag.red biohazard bag.

PPE’s that has been soaked with PPE’s that has been soaked with blood/body fluids should be blood/body fluids should be removed and disposed of in removed and disposed of in red biohazard bag.red biohazard bag.

Hand WashingHand Washing

Wash hands with Wash hands with soap and water soap and water immediately after immediately after removing PPEremoving PPE

A hand sanitizer can A hand sanitizer can be used but wash be used but wash with soap and water with soap and water as soon as possible.as soon as possible.

See “Handwashing – See “Handwashing – Clean Hands Save Clean Hands Save Lives” @ Lives” @ http://www.cdc.gov/handwashing/

Regulated Medical WasteRegulated Medical Waste

Liquid or semi-liquid blood or Liquid or semi-liquid blood or other potentially infectious other potentially infectious material(OPIM)material(OPIM)

Contaminated sharps (needles)Contaminated sharps (needles)

Signs & LabelsSigns & Labels

Labels must include Labels must include the universal the universal biohazard symbol, biohazard symbol, and the term and the term Biohazard Biohazard must be must be attached to:attached to: containers of containers of

regulated regulated biohazard waste biohazard waste

i.e. sharps i.e. sharps containerscontainers

Exposure IncidentExposure Incident

A specific incident of contact with A specific incident of contact with potentially infectious bodily fluid or bloodpotentially infectious bodily fluid or blood

If there are no infiltrations of mucous If there are no infiltrations of mucous membranes or open skin surfaces, it is membranes or open skin surfaces, it is not considered an occupational exposure not considered an occupational exposure

Immediately report Immediately report all accidents all accidents involving blood or body fluids to School involving blood or body fluids to School NurseNurse

Post-exposure medical evaluations are Post-exposure medical evaluations are offeredoffered

Post-exposure EvaluationPost-exposure Evaluation Confidential Confidential

medical evaluationmedical evaluation Document route of Document route of

exposureexposure Identify source Identify source

individualindividual Test source Test source

individuals blood individuals blood (with individual’s (with individual’s consent)consent)

Provide results to Provide results to exposed employeeexposed employee

Hepatitis B VaccinationHepatitis B Vaccination Strongly endorsed Strongly endorsed

by medical by medical communitiescommunities

Offered to all Offered to all potentiallypotentially exposed exposed employeesemployees

Provided at no cost Provided at no cost to employeesto employees

Declination formDeclination form Usually given in 3 Usually given in 3

dose series over 6 dose series over 6 monthsmonths

RecordkeepingRecordkeepingMedical records include:Medical records include: Hepatitis B vaccination statusHepatitis B vaccination status Post-exposure evaluation and follow-up Post-exposure evaluation and follow-up

resultsresults

Training records include:Training records include: Training datesTraining dates Contents of the trainingContents of the training Signature of trainer and traineeSignature of trainer and trainee

Bloodborne pathogen rules are in

place for your health and safety.

Failure to follow them is a risk that does not need to

be taken.

Bentonville Public Schools - Health Services Updated 4-2012 ZM