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Bio 9C: Tuesday, 2.1.11Title: DNA Structure & FunctionHomework:Actively read pages 291-296 (part of 12.1 and 12.2). Take notes in your notebook using the active reading strategies we have discussed, including:Write a purpose question after skimming over the readingTake notes on main ideas and key detailsMake note of connections and questions as you readWhen done reading, summarize by explaining the relationship between DNA, nucleotides, genes, and chromosomes.Do Now:Complete mid-year survey

Todays Objectives:Review the midterm and reflect on the first semester

1Bio 9C: Wednesday, 2.2.11Title: Snow Day

2Bio 9C: Thursday, 2.3.11Title: DNA Structure & FunctionHomework:- If you werent here on Tuesday, you need to complete Tuesdays homework. - EVERYONE needs to complete the following by Monday: Read pages 297-299 and take active reading notes.Summarize how DNA replicates!

Do Now:Review the Genetics prior knowledge survey (bottom of the last page of the Midterm Exam Reflection). Can you add anything to your original responses now that you know more from the reading? If so, add it now! Todays Objectives:Explain how DNA, genes, nucleotides, and chromosomes relate to each other.Describe the structure of DNA.Identify the monomers of the DNA polymer

3New For Semester TwoEveryone gets a maximum of 5 trips to the bathroom or nurse for the duration of Quarter 3.You can use them whenever you want including after lunchYou only get 5 for the quarter

Issues with this policy? Please speak to me after class and we can have a conversationPreview of Genetics:DNA, Genes, and ChromosomesCount off by 6sTables in the back (2 for each word)DNA (tables 1 and 6)Genes (tables 2 and 4)Chromosomes (tables 3 and 5)At your table:Put your assigned word on a poster and divide the page in twoOne side: Write down everything you know about the wordOther side: Write down questions you haveAfter 5 minutes your group will rotate to the other tables to add to the other posters

Introduction to GeneticsDNA: Structure & Function PHA Biology 9Moretti/ DicksonIntro to Genetics:DNA Structure & FunctionGenetics: the study of heredityWhat determines an organisms traits (characteristics)?How are traits passed on from one cell to another, and from parents to offspring?DNA: the molecule that carries genetic informationDNA has two important functions:Replicate make exact copies of itself so it can be passed onCarry instructions for making proteins that determine your traitsDNA is found in all cells (in the nucleus in eukaryotic cells)

Objectives for Class:Explain how DNA, genes, nucleotides, and chromosomes relate to each other.Describe the structure of DNA.DNA Structure and Function

What is it?DNA = Deoxyribonucleic AcidWhere do we find it?Found in the NucleusWhat does it do?Carries your genesCarries information to make the proteins that make your traits

Objectives for Class:Explain how DNA, genes, nucleotides, and chromosomes relate to each other.Describe the structure of DNA.

Nucleotide Base PairsDNA ChromosomesGene: Instructions for making a protein that determines a traitAnother Gene: instructions for making a different protein that determines a different trait

DNA Structure and Function(refer to handout)Chromosomes unraveling into DNA DNA Structure

Objectives for Class:Explain how DNA, genes, nucleotides, and chromosomes relate to each other.Describe the structure of DNA.DNA Structure Building Blocks = NucleotideDeoxyribose SugarPhosphateNitrogenous Base

Nucleotides put together: Ladder: UncoiledDouble Helix: 2 long coiled strandsSides: alternating phosphates & sugarsMiddle/ Rungs of ladder: 2 Nitrogenous Bases connected by Hydrogen bonds

Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Identify the monomers of the DNA polymer

DNA Structure: Nucleotides Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Identify the monomers of the DNA polymerDNA Structure: Base Pairing4 Nitrogen Bases: Adenine GuanineThymine Cytosine

Base Pairing:A ---- TG ---- C

} Purine} Pyrimidine

Objectives for Class:Identify

DNA Structure: Images

Objectives for Class:Explain how DNA, genes, nucleotides, and chromosomes relate to each other.Describe the structure of DNA.

DNA Structure: Nucleotides Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Identify the monomers of the DNA polymerComplete the DNA Review (other side of the DNA/ Chromosome Handout)

Homework CompletionTonights HomeworkActively read pages 297-299 and take active reading notes.Summarize how DNA replicates!

Bio 9C: Friday, 2.4.11Title: DNA Structure & FunctionHomework:None

Do Now:Next Slide

Todays Objectives:Explain how DNA, genes, nucleotides, and chromosomes relate to each other.Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.

17DO NOW: Write down this DNA Sequence:G A T A C A T G C G C T A T G T A C G C

What is the sequence for the complementary (aka matching) DNA strand?

Nucleotide Base PairsDNA ChromosomesGene: Instructions for making a protein that determines a traitAnother Gene: instructions for making a different protein that determines a different trait

DNA Structure and Function(refer to handout - review)Chromosomes unraveling into DNA DNA Replication: Overview DNA can make an exact copy of itself!Occurs every time a cell needs to reproduce(during S-phase of the cell cycle)

Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.

DNA Replication: Overview DNA can make an exact copy of itself!Occurs every time a cell needs to reproduce(during S-phase of the cell cycle)

Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.

Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.DNA Replication: Overview Steps of DNA Replication1. DNA Unzips:Enzyme breaks Hydrogen Bonds between base pairsCreates 2 Complementary Strands (templates)2. DNA Polymerase moves along original strands (templates)Nucleotides come from the cytoplasm DNA Polymerase attaches complimentary bases to both sides of the unzipped strands (Semi-Conservative).3. Completed: 2 NEW identical strands of DNA are producedDNA Polymerase proofreads the new strands

Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.DNA Replication

Note: The RED Strand is the Original StrandObjectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.DNA S&F ReviewComplete the DNA Notes Activity

Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.

How do we know about DNA Structure?Chargaff: A=T and C=GRosalind Franklin:Actual X-ray of DNAShowed double-helix structureDied young due to X-rays!Didnt get credit for her contributions pretty messed up! Watson & Crick: Built a model using this evidence(They got all of the credit initially)

Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Bio 9C: Monday, 2.7.11Title: DNA Modeling Lab Day 1Homework:Complete Discussion Questions for Part I of Modeling Lab.Meet in the Science Lab Tomorrow NOT rm 107Do Now:Next Slide

Todays Objectives:Explain how DNA, genes, nucleotides, and chromosomes relate to each other.Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.

27Do Now1. Write the complementary base sequence to this single strand of DNA2. Which of the pictures below best illustrates DNA replication? Why? G A A C G T

A.B.C.

28DNA Model Building Lab: Part IPart I: Constructing DNABuild 36 nucleotides:

Count out the following and put the rest in a pile for later:5 A 5 T4 C4 GBuild a double-stranded DNA molecule with these 18 nucleotidesRecord your DNA Sequence in the tableThen answer the questions and go on to Part 2

Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.phosphatesugarNit.baseBio 9C: Tuesday, 2.8.11Title: DNA Modeling Lab Day 2Homework:Read Section 10-2 (pgs. 244-249).Use the reading and your notes from class to answer the following questions:Summarize what happens in each of the following stages of the cell cycle: G1, S, G2, mitosis, and cytokinesis.

Do Now:None get into your groups from yesterday and get to work on Part IITodays Objectives:Explain how DNA, genes, nucleotides, and chromosomes relate to each other.Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.

30DNA Model Building Lab: Part IIPart II: Replicating DNAUnzip your DNA sequence by breaking the hydrogen bond between the two nitrogenous bases. Observe your two separate strands. Using the other pieces in your kit, create two new strands of DNA nucleotide by nucleotide. Note that when the DNA molecule splits in half, new complimentary bases attach to the separated strands creating two new strands of DNA. Be sure your base pairs match!Be sure to construct your new DNA strand by adding nucleotides to the original templates!When finished:Take all pieces apart and put them back in the bagsAnswer the Discussion Questions for Part 2

Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.Title: DNA Structure & Function With AudioThe following slides are the DNA Replication Slides with audio explanations from Mr. Moretti

32DNA Replication: Overview DNA can make an exact copy of itself!Occurs every time a cell needs to reproduce(during S-phase of the cell cycle)

Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.

Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.DNA Replication: Overview

Steps of DNA Replication1. DNA Unzips:Enzyme breaks Hydrogen Bonds between base pairsCreates 2 Complementary Strands (templates)2. DNA Polymerase moves along original strands (templates)Nucleotides come from the cytoplasm DNA Polymerase attaches complimentary bases to both sides of the unzipped strands (Semi-Conservative).3. Completed: 2 NEW identical strands of DNA are producedDNA Polymerase proofreads the new strands

Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.