biochemistry of water
DESCRIPTION
Biochemistry of water - presentation given by Dr. Karthikeyan Pethusamy at department of biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College. To make slides simple, less information is given in slides. More information was shared during the presentation.TRANSCRIPT
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WATER
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Life probably originated in water 3.8 billion years ago
Life spread from the oceans to the continents about 500 million years ago.
Still water is quintessential for life All biochemical reactions happen in aqueous
milieu
Water - the elixir of life
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only known substance that can naturally exist as a gas, a liquid, and solid
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This unique property of water is due to Hydrogen bond
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Diamond is non-polar
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Methane too is Non polar
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Water is polar
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CO2 and CCl4 are non polar
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Hydrogen Bond
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Hydrogen Bond
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•Weak bonds – Energy: 20 kJ mol–1
• O—H bond : 460 kJ mol–1
• C—H bond : 410 kJ mol–1
• Life span: pico seconds
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Why only Water ?
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Ice Floats in water
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Hydrogen bond in ice
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Implications
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Cryoablation
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Water molecules are so small so many of them can associate with the solute to make them soluble.
Water Is an Excellent Solvent
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Not only electrolytes….
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Water of hydration
• Full saturation•Half saturation
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Binding to zinc lowers the pKa of water from 15.7 to 7
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Nonpolar Substances Are Insoluble in Water
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Why egg takes longer time to boil at higher altitudes ?
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Properties of Water
• Cohesion• Adhesion• High Specific Heat• High Heat of Vaporization• Less Dense as a Solid
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Cohesion
• Attraction between particles of the same substance
• Results in Surface tension
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Surface Tension
Helps insects walk across water
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Adhesion
• Attraction between two different substances.• Water will make hydrogen bonds with other surfaces
such as glass, soil, plant tissues, and cotton.
• Example: transpiration process which plants and trees remove water from the soil, and paper towels soak up water.
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Adhesion Causes Capillary Action
Which gives water the ability to “climb”
structures
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How does the water in earthen pot becomes cool ?
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Water Is Nucleophilic
• oxygen atom of water has two unshared pairs of electrons making it nucleophilic.
• As water is abundant inside the cells, Many macromolecules should be easily degraded by nucleophilic attack by water.
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Ionization of Water
• Important properties of water is its slight tendency to ionize
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Hydrogen Bond
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Hydrogen Bond
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Van der Waals Interactions
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