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8/2/2019 Biodiesel Poster Session 2((Autosaved-302212083872826432))

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4/28/12

Biodiesel

“FAMES”A fuel derived from vegetableoil.

Katrina Michele Washington



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Pros

– Environmentally Friendly.

–

Biodiesel is a better lubricant than petroleum.

– Biodiesel gives fewer particulates when burnt.

– Biodiesel is easier to ignite than petroleum.



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Cons

– Biodiesel is more expensive to produce.

–

If Biodiesel was used on a wider scale, more plants for oilwould be grown as a cash crop.

– Biodiesel gels at higher temperatures than petrodiesel.

–

Biodiesel degrades rubber hoses used on older engines.



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What does it look like



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The Beginning



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• That is a Infrared Spectra of the starting oil.

• I used regular Canola oil.



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Almost there…



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• This is the Infrared Spectra of a mixture of

– Canola oil

– Methanol

– Potassium Carbonate (K2CO3)

• The band at 1160.52 cm-1 in the Canola oil NMRdisappeared. However bands 1196.18 and1169.98cm-1 appeared. That shows that there is aconversion of oil to methyl esters.

• A significant peak at 3318.88cm-1 shows there ismethanol in the solution.



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Finished



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• This is a infrared spectra of thefinished product

• I added household vinegar to themixture to neutralize the product andto extract any residue

• The OH peak has significantlydecreased because of the added acid



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My Results

• Great Yield

•

Most viscous at a lower temperature

• Best Temp for Usage: 50oC



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Works Citedand Acknowledgements

"Biodiesel." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation,25 Apr. 2012. Web. 25 Apr. 2012.<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiesel>.

Walters, Antony. "Biodiesel Pros and Cons." 301 Moved Permanently. Web. 25 Apr. 2012.

<http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/webprojects2006/Walters/pac.html>.

Raritan Valle Chemistr De artment



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My Yields

– Theoretical yield: 33.5609652 g

– Actual yield: 30.2048 g

– Percent yield: 90%



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What’s a viscometer? – an instrument used to measure the

viscosity of a fluid.

– In general, either the fluid remainsstationary and an object moves through it,or the object is stationary and the fluidmoves past it. The drag caused by relativemotion of the fluid and a surface is ameasure of the viscosity.



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How did I use theviscometer?

• I wanted to know how viscous biodiesel was atdifferent temperatures.

• So I ran a number of viscosity tests in a variety of water baths.

Push Here for a visual.



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What is viscosity?

• In everyday terms (and for fluids only),viscosity is “thickness” or “internal friction”

•

For example, water is "thin", having a lowerviscosity, while honey is "thick", having ahigher viscosity.



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Viscosity Calculations• Ethanol

o = 1.1212 p=0.789 g/ml A=? t= 99 secs (1min 39secs)η

o 1.1212=A(0.789)(99)

o A=0.0143539322

• Biodiesel(19oC)

o =? p=0.87402 A=0.014353922 t= 555sec (9min 15secs)η

o =(0.014353922)(0.87402 g/ml)(555sec)η

o =6.96282η

• Biodiesl(50oC)

o =? p=0.87402 A=0.014353922 t= 331sec (5min 31secs)η

o =(0.014353922)(0.87402g/ml)(331sec)η

o =4.1526η

• Biodiesel(0oC)

o =? p=0.87402 A=0.014353922 t= 1109η



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Let me Explain…•

η is the viscosity in centipoises. The viscosity isalready given for Ethanol.

• p is the density of the tested liquid. That was alsoalready given for Ethanol

• t is the time for the liquid to flow past any crosssection (the left bulb)

• A is the constant for the viscometer.



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Viscometer

I c e W a

t e r

B a t h

H o t W a t e r

B a t h

Room

Temperature




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Organic




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CHEMISTR

Y II

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