brazing & metal joining products - the prince ... alloys ..... 9 active braze alloys ..... 10...

BRAZING & METAL JOINING

PRODUCTSFOR METAL JOINING & CERAMIC BONDING APPLICATIONS

THE PRINCE & IZANT COMPANIES

WIRE ROD STRIP PASTE POWDER RINGS WASHERS/STAMPINGS

Gold

.0008" - .075" DIAMost Common.059".040".032".020".010"

.02" - .07" DIA18" – 71" Length

001" - .064" ThickCommon Widths.010" – 6"

82%-90% Metal LoadCommon Mesh Sizes140 mesh200 mesh325 mesh400 mesh

100, 140, 325 mesh sizes

ID Rings, butt-end.067" – 6" ID.007" – .059" DIA wireID Rings, gap.05" – 3.9" ID.0025" – .045" DIA wireID Rings, multi-turn.032" – 1.96" ID.005" – .030" DIA wireOD Rings, butt-end.11" – 1.76" OD.01" – .049" DIA wireOD Rings, gap.235" – 1.55" OD.015" – .043" DIA wire

Smallest.016" OD - .009" IDLargest2.5" OD – 2.25" OD

Silver

.01" - .25" DIAMost Common.093".062".047".031"

Rod – Round .03" - 1.25" DIA18" - 36" LengthRod – Square .05" - .125" Thick.06" – 1.25" Width18" – 36" Length

.0005" - .04" ThickCommon Widths.010" – 6"

65%-90% Metal LoadCommon Mesh Sizes100,140, 200, 325, 400

60, 100, 140, 200, 250, 270, 325, 400 mesh sizes

ID Rings, butt-end.011" – 6.751" ID.0053" – .05" DIA wireOD Rings, butt-end.102" – 2.5" OD.010" – .094" DIA wire


Silverphos

Rod – Square .05" - .125" Thick.06" – .125" Width18" – 36" LengthRod – Round .062" - .125" DIA18" - 36" Length


Copper

.005" - .1325" DIAMost Common.16".1325".062".045"

Rod – Round .047" - 1.25" DIA.8" - 36" LengthRod – Square .042" - .125" Thick.125" – .325" Width


76%-90% Metal LoadCommon Mesh Sizes100, 140, 325

140, 325 mesh sizes OD Rings, butt-end.232" – 10.185" OD.015" – .1575" DIA wireID Rings, butt-end.019" – 3.125" ID.010" – .116" DIA wireID Rings, gap.197" – 5.85" ID.023" – .07" DIA wire


NickelRod – Round .02" - .63" DIA12" - 36" Length

.0015" - .003" ThickCommon Widths.175" – 8.5"

70%-90% Metal LoadCommon Mesh Sizes120, 140, 270, 325

140, 230, 270, 325, 400 mesh sizes

COMMON MANUFACTURING CAPABILITIES

1

The manufacturing capabilities listed in this table represent commonly requested product dimensions. Please contact us with any questions. You can also submit requests and upload drawings through princeizant.com

PRINCE & IZANT PRODUCTS AND MARKETS

GOLD ALLOYS ...................................................................................... 3

SILVER ALLOYS Cadmium-Free ....................................................................................4 Cadmium-Bearing ............................................................................. 5 Silver-Phosphorus ............................................................................. 6

VACUUM GRADE ALLOYS ...................................................................... 7

COPPER ALLOYS ................................................................................... 8

NICKEL ALLOYS ......................................................................................9

ALUMINUM ALLOYS ...............................................................................9

ACTIVE BRAZE ALLOYS ........................................................................ 10

VACUUM BRAZING REFERENCE CHARTS ............................................. 11

CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE .................................................................. 12

BASE METALS TO BE JOINED SOLDERS BRAZING ALLOYS

SOLIDUS°F (°C)

LIQUIDUS °F (°C)

FLUIDITY RATING* FLUX

Copper or Brassto

Copper or Brass

Sn96/Ag4 430 (221) 430 (221) High• Please consult a Prince & Izant

Sales RepresentativeSn94/Ag6 430 (221) 535 (279) Medium-High

BCuP-9 1178 (637) 1247 (674) Medium• No flux is required for copper to

copper joints with phosphorus-

bearing filler metals

• For brass and other copper

alloys, use Prince & lzant White

Brazing Flux

BCuP-2 1310 (710) 1475 (802) Medium

Silverphos 5 1190 (643) 1500 (816) Low

Cu87.9/P6.1/Ag6 1190 (643) 1465 (796) Low

Silverphos 6HP 1190 (643) 1425 (774) Medium

Silverphos 15 1190 (643) 1480 (804) Low

Copper or Brassto

Steel or Stainless Steel

Sn96/Ag4 430 (221) 430 (221) High • Please consult a Prince & Izant

Sales RepresentativeSn94/Ag6 430 (221) 430 (221) High

Silver Braze 56 1145 (618) 1205 (652) High• Prince & lzant White Brazing Flux

• Prince & lzant Black Brazing Flux

for Stainless Steel

Silver Braze 38 1120 (660) 1325 (718) Medium-High


Silver Braze 45T 1195 /646) 1265 (685) Medium-High

Steel or Stainless Steelto

Steel or Stainless Steel

Sn96/Ag4 430 (221) 430 (221) High • Please consult a Prince & Izant

Sales RepresentativeSn94/Ag6 430 (221) 430 (221) High

Silver Braze 56 1145 (618) 1205 (652) High

• Prince & lzant White Brazing Flux

• Prince & lzant Black Brazing Flux

for Stainless Steel


Silver Braze 40Ni2 1120 (660) 1435 (779) Medium-Low


Silver Braze 45T 1195 (646) 1265 (685) Medium-High

Silver Braze 50Ni2 1220 (660) 1305 (707) Medium-High

Steel or Stainless Steelto

CarbidesNot Recommended

Silver Braze 40Ni2 1120 (660) 1435 (779) Medium • Prince & lzant Black Brazing Flux

for Stainless SteelSilver Braze 50Ni2 1220 (660) 1305F /707) Medium-High

Aluminum to Aluminumor

Aluminum to Copper or Brassor

Aluminum to Steel or Stainless Steel

Zn15/Sn85 391 (199) 482 (250) Medium-High• Please consult a Prince & Izant

Sales Representative

AL 718 1065 (574) 1170 (632) Medium-High• Please consult a Prince & Izant

Sales RepresentativeAl88/Si12 1070 (577) 1080 (582) High

METAL JOINING CHART FOR COMMON BASE METALS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

*The higher the fluidity rating the faster that alloy flows within the melting rangePrince & Izant recommends a brazing temperature range of 50-100 degrees above the liquidus temperature

The products in this brochure represent those commonly used. It is not a comprehensive list of all available products. Please let us

know if you need something not listed.

2

Also Known As: Silverphos, Silfos, Copper-Phosphorus and Copper-Phos

P&I WHITE FLUX

P&I BLACK FLUX

• Brazing Filler Metal: BAg, BCuP

• Application: High-Temperature Brazing Flux Paste; Boron-Modified

• Temperature Range: 1050-1800F (565-980C)

• Recommended Base Metals: Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Alloys, Stainless and Carbide

• Brazing Filler Metal: BAg, BCuP

• Application: General Purpose

• Temperature Range: 1050-1600F (565-870C)

• Recommended Base Metals: Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Alloys, Stainless Steels and Copper

BRAZING TEMPERATURE RANGES OF ALLOYS

°F2200 / 1204

2000 / 1093

1800 / 982

1600 / 871

1400 / 760

1200 / 649

1000 / 538

800 / 427

600 / 316

TEMPERATURES BETWEEN 1738 - 2081°F / 948- 1138°C

TEMPERATURES BETWEEN 1195 - 1880°F / 646 - 1027°C



COPPER ALLOYS

SILVER ALLOYS

SILVER PHOSPHORUS ALLOYS

ALUMINIUM ALLOYS


VACUUM GRADE ALLOYS


ACTIVE BRAZE ALLOYS


NICKEL ALLOYS


GOLD ALLOYS

°C°F2200 / 1204

2000 / 1093

1800 / 982

1600 / 871

1400 / 760

1200 / 649

1000 / 538

800 / 427

600 / 316





COPPER ALLOYS

SILVER ALLOYS

SILVER PHOSPHORUS ALLOYS

ALUMINIUM ALLOYS


VACUUM GRADE ALLOYS


ACTIVE BRAZE ALLOYS


NICKEL ALLOYS


GOLD ALLOYS

°C

4

P&I PRODUCT

NAME

CLASSIFICATION COMPOSITION MELTING RANGE+

APPLICATIONSAWS AMS ISO EN Au Cu Pd Ni Solidus °F (°C) Liquidus °F (°C)

Gold Braze 2515 25 37 15 10 1178 (975) 1855 (1013) • Used to braze PCD cutters in Oil + Gas exploration applications

Gold Braze 35623 BAu-3 Au 351 35 62 3 1814 (990) 1850 (1010)

• Used on nickel, molybdenum and iron based heat resistant alloys

• Used on nickel-cobalt-iron alloys• Used on metallized ceramics• Suitable for larger joint clearances

Gold Braze 3565 35 65 1810 (988) 1850 (1010)

• Used on common ferrous and non-ferrous alloys

• Exhibits good wetting characteristics on metalized ceramics

Gold Braze 7008 BAu-6 4786 Au 700 70 8 22 1845 (1007) 1915 (1046)

• Used on ferrous and non-ferrous alloys and super alloys for applications requiring elevated temperatures and service conditions

• Suitable for larger joint clearances• Offers better oxidation resistance than

Au-Cu alloys

Gold Braze 8218 BAu-4 4787 Au 827 Au 105 82 18 1740 (949) 1740 (949)

• Used to braze a wide range of high temperature iron and nickel-base alloys

• Eutectic composition is very fluid when molten

Au99.99 99.99 1947 (1064) 1947 (1064)• Widely used in electrical, electronic and

industrial applications• Very ductile and wets most metals

GOLD BRAZING ALLOYS

• Resists corrosion

• Excellent flow and wetting properties

• Produces high strength ductile joints

• Suitable for applications with high service temperature requirements

• The radiopacity of Gold and its alloys facilitate braze joint inspection during Nondestructive testing methods

ALLOY

GOLD ALLOY PERFORMANCE

1725

1775

1825

1875

1925

1975

2025

2075

2125

Au 99.99Gold Braze 7008 (Au70Pd08)

Gold Braze 35623 (Au35Cu62Ni3)

Gold Braze 3565 (Au35Cu65)Au25Cu37Pd15

Gold Braze 8218 (Au82Ni18)

SOLIDUS Fo LIQUIDUS Fo MINIMUM BRAZING TEMPERATURE Fo

TE

MP

ER

AT

UR

E F

°

E = Eutectic: high liquidity, ideal for tight tolerancesWG = Wide Gap: lower liquidity, ideal for larger tolerancesE

E

WG

WG

Wide solidus spectrum well suited for step brazing

GOLD BRAZING ALLOY CHARACTERISTICS

Use our asset recovery program to recover the precious metal from your assemblies. Apply the recovered value to future purchases or receive payment.3

+ Prince & Izant recommends a brazing temperature of 50o to 100o degrees Fahrenheit above the Liquidus

Filler metals made to meet AWS A5.8 and/or AMS requirements may be made to different compositional tolerances and impurity limits and as such may not be direct equivalents to filler metals made to meet ISO requirements

Gold Braze 8218 25152515

P&I PRODUCT

NAME


APPLICATIONSAWS AMS ISO EN Ag Cu Zn Ni Mn Sn Solidus °F (°C) Liquidus °F (°C)

Silver Braze 30 BAg-20 AG 204 30 38 32 1250 (676) 1410 (765)• Possess good flow characteristics• Found in moderate temperature low pressure systems

Silver Braze 35 BAg-35 35 32 33 1265 (685) 1390 (754)• Used to braze ferrous and non-ferrous base metals• Used frequently for production brazing applications

Silver Braze 38 BAg-34 4761 38 32 28 2 1200 (649) 1330 (721) • Free-flowing

Silver Braze 40 BAg-28 40 30 28 2 1200 (649) 1310 (710) • Free-flowing and lower brazing temperature with a relatively narrower melting range.

Silver Braze 40Ni2* BAg-4 Ag 440 AG 105 40 30 28 2 1240 (671) 1435 (779)• Intermediate temperature brazing alloy used on stainless

steels, mild steels, cast and malleable irons and various non-ferrous alloys

• Used extensively in brazing of carbide tips

Silver Braze 45T BAg-36 AG 104 45 27 25 3 1195 (646) 1251 (677) • Free-flowing low temperature filler metal used in cadmium-free applications - T = Tin

Silver Braze 45 BAg-5 45 30 25 1225 (663) 1370 (743)• General purpose used in the brazing of tubular

assemblies in ship construction, instrument manufacturing, aircraft engine oil coolers and etc.

Silver Braze 49Ni4* BAg-22 Ag 449 AG 502 49 16 23 4.5 7.5 1260 (680) 1290 (699)• Low temperature and good strength• Common applications: inserts, cutting tools, drilling

bits, etc.

Silver Braze 50Ni2* BAg-24 4788 Ag 450 50 20 28 2 1220 (660) 1305 (707)

• Free-flowing and readily wets nickel and iron based alloys• Recommended for joining 300 stainless steel • Delays interface corrosion in most exposures• Used often for food handling equipment and tungsten

carbide inserts

Silver Braze 56 BAg-7 4736 56 22 17 5 1145 (618) 1205 (651)• Low temperature and free-flowing• Tendency to liquate if heated slowly through its melting

range

Silver Braze 72 BAg-8 AG 401 72 28 1435 (779) 1435 (779)

• Usually used on copper or copper alloys• Suitable for furnace brazing in a protective atmosphere

without the use of a flux• Very fluid and may flow out over workpiece surfaces

during some furnace brazing applications• Also used on stainless steel, carbon steel and nickel based

alloys

Silver Braze 85 BAg-23 Ag 485 AG 501 85 15 1760 (960) 1780 (970)

• High-temperature and free-flowing• Used in torch and protective atmosphere furnace brazing• Used in the brazing of stainless steel, nickel-based alloys

and cobalt-based alloys for high-temperature applications

Silver Braze 92.5 BAg-19 4767 92.5 7.27 1400 (760) 1635 (891)• Used for higher brazing temperature applications in

which brazing and precipitation-hardening heat treating are combined. Contains 0.23% Li

Pure Silver 1763 (962) 1763 (962)• Widely used in the electrical and electrical manufacturing

industries as contacts and conductors. Provides strong, ductile joints with good corrosion resistance

SILVER BRAZING ALLOYS (CADMIUM-FREE)

Versatile: Used for brazing steel, brass, bronze, nickel, and copper alloys as well as ferrous and non-ferrous metals

(except for aluminum manganese)

ALLOY

SILVER (CADMIUM-FREE) ALLOY PERFORMANCE


TE

MP

ER

AT

UR

E F

°

SILVER BRAZING ALLOY (CADMIUM-FREE)

CHARACTERISTICS

1150

1250

1350

1450

1550

1650

1750

1850

E

Silver B

raze 45T

(Ag45/Cu27/Zn25)Silv

er Braze 38

(Ag38/Cu32/Zn28/Ni2)Silv

er Braze 40


er Braze 50Ni2


er Braze 45


er Braze 40Ni2


er Braze 30


er Braze 49Ni4


er Braze 35


er Braze 92.5

(Ag92.5/Cu7.27)Ag90/Cu10

Silver B

raze 72

(Ag 72/Cu28)Silv

er Braze 85

(Ag85/Mn15)

Ag 99.99

+ Prince & Izant recommends a brazing temperature of 50o to 100o degrees Fahrenheit above the Liquidus * Alloy also available as Trimetal

Some silver brazing alloys are available as Trimetals. Trimetals are clad strip with filler metal bonded to both sides of a copper core. This clad strip is popular for the brazing of carbide tool tips. The copper core absorbs the stresses created by differences in thermal expansion between the carbide and base metal thus, helping to prevent cracking. 4


TRIMETALSE = Eutectic: high liquidity, ideal for tight tolerancesEL = Eutectic LikeWG = Wide Gap: lower liquidity, ideal for larger tolerances

WG

EL

WG

Silver Braze denotes Cadmium-Free material / Silver Alloy denotes Cadmium-Bearing material

Silve

r Braz

e 90


6

SILVER BRAZING ALLOYS (CADMIUM-BEARING)

• Versatile: used on nearly all nickel, iron/steel and copper based alloys

• High strength

• Lowest melting point of all silver-based brazing alloys

SILVER (CADMIUM-BEARING) BRAZING ALLOY CHARACTERISTICS

P&I PRODUCT

NAME


APPLICATIONSAWS AMS ISO EN Ag Cu Zn Cd Ni Solidus °F (°C) Liquidus °F (°C)

Silver Alloy 30 BAg-2a 30 27 23 20 1125 (607) 1310 (710)• Low temperature used to join ferrous

and non-ferrous metals• Tendency to liquate when heated

slowly

Silver Alloy 35 BAg-2 4768 35 26 21 18 1125 (607) 1295 (701)

• Low temperature used to join ferrous and non-ferrous metals

• Good fatigue strength• Ability to make leak-tight joints

where close clearances cannot be maintained

Silver Alloy 45 BAg-1 4769 Ag 345 AG 302 45 15 16 24 1125 (607) 1145 (618)• Lowest brazing temperature

range of BAg alloys• Flows freely into tight capillary joints

Silver Alloy 50Ni3* BAg-3 4771 Ag 351 AG 351 50 15.5 15.5 16 3 1170 (632) 1270 (688)

• Modification of BAg-1a created with addition of nickel

• Good corrosion resistance in marine applications

• Nickel content improves alloy wettability

• Largest use is in the brazing of carbide tool assemblies.

Silver Alloy 50 BAg-1a 4770 Ag 350 AG 301 50 15.5 16.5 18 1160 (627) 1175 (635)• Used for low temperature

applications where free-flowing filler metals are desired

+ Prince & Izant recommends a brazing temperature of 50o to 100o degrees Fahrenheit above the Liquidus * Alloy also available as Trimetal

Cadmium is a known carcinogen and exposure to cadmium fumes may result in cancer and other hazardous side effects.

WARNING

ALLOY

SILVER (CADMIUM-BEARING) ALLOY PERFORMANCE

TE

MP

ER

AT

UR

E F

°

1100

1150

1200

1250

1300

1350

Silver Alloy 50Ni3 (Ag50/Cd16/Cu15.5/Zn15.5)

Silver Alloy 50 (Ag50/Cd18/Cu15.5/Zn16.5)

Silver Alloy 45 (Ag45/Cd24/Cu15/Zn16)


EL = Eutectic Like

5

EL

EL


7

SILVER-PHOSPHORUS BRAZING ALLOYS

SILVER-PHOSPHORUS BRAZING ALLOY CHARACTERISTICS

• Primarily intended for copper to copper or copper to brass

• Strong resistance to corrosion

• Phosphorus presence renders alloy self-fluxing thus these alloys do not require a flux when used to braze copper to copper

• Promote electrical conductivity

• Silver content influences fluidity and improves overall ductility of the brazing alloy

P&I PRODUCT

NAME


APPLICATIONSAWS ISO EN DIN Ag Cu P Solidus °F (°C) Liquidus °F (°C)

Silverphos 2 BCuP-6 2 91 7 1190 (643) 1450 (788)

• Self-fluxing on copper• Good flow and wetting on copper,

brass and bronze• Sluggish flow at low end of brazing

temperature range which allows for gap fill

• Fluid at high end of brazing temperature range which is ideal for tight-fighting joints

Silverphos 5 BCuP-3 CuP 281 CP 104 L-Ag 5P 5 89 6 1190 (643) 1495 (813)

• Primarily used for brazing Cu connections in industrial and domestic heat exchangers

• Copper-Copper joints• Used when very close fits cannot be

held

Silverphos 6HP BCuP-4 CuP 283 6 87 7 1190 (643) 1325 (718)• Extremely fluid at brazing temperature• Able to penetrate joints with small

clearances

Silverphos 15 BCuP-5 CuP 284 CP 102 L-Ag 15P 15 80 5 1190 (643) 1475 (802)• Copper to copper joints• Recommended for delicate work

Silverphos 18M 18 76 6 1190 (643) 1275 (690)

• Ternary eutectic and low temperature brazing filler metal

• Free flowing and self-fluxing on copper and some high copper and copper alloys

• Used on assemblies where good fit-up can be maintained

ALLOY

SILVER-PHOSPHORUS ALLOY PERFORMANCE

TE

MP

ER

AT

UR

E F

°

1150

1200

1250

1300

1350

1400

1450

1500

1550

1600

Silverphos 5 (Ag5/Cu89/P6)

Silverphos 15 (Ag15/Cu80/P5)

Silverphos 6HP (Ag6/Cu87/P7)

Silverphos 18M (Ag18/Cu76/P6)


6

Also Known As: Silverphos, Silfos, Copper-Phosphorus and Copper-Phos

PHOSPHORUS AND THE EFFECTS IT HAS WHEN ALLOYED WITH SILVER-COPPER• Silverphos alloys are self-fluxing when used to join copper to copper. The self-fluxing characteristics of Silverphos alloys occur because the

phosphorus element content possesses a greater affinity for oxygen than for the copper.

• Lowers the melt temperature of copper thus acting as a temperature depressant

• Increases overall fluidity of copper when in the liquid state

• Lowers ductility of copper

EL

WG

WG

EL = Eutectic LikeWG = Wide Gap: lower liquidity, ideal for larger tolerances



Silverphos 2(Ag2/Cu91/P7)

Silverphos 2(Ag2/Cu91/P7)

8

VACUUM GRADE BRAZING ALLOYS

P&I PRODUCT

NAME


APPLICATIONSAWS ISO EN Ag Cu Pd Ni Solidus °F (°C) Liquidus °F (°C)

Gold Braze 3565 BVAu-9 35 65 1814 (990) 1850 (1010)

• Generally used in reducing, vacuum or inert atmosphere

• Alloy exhibits good wetting characteristics on metallized ceramics

Gold Braze 5025 BVAu-7 4785 Au 507 50 25 25 2015 (1102) 2050 (1121)

• Used on common nickel, molybdenum, tungsten and iron base heat resistant alloys

• Used in applications requiring high oxidation resistance and high strength at elevated temperatures

Gold Braze 5050 BVAu-10 50 50 1751 (955) 1778 (970)

• Generally used in reducing, vacuum or inert atmosphere

• Gold Braze 5050 is less ductile than standard gold-copper-nickel alloys

• Composition allows for use in applications where braze filler metals low in volatile constituents are required

• Alloy exhibits free-flowing characteristics

PAL 5 BVAg-30 Pd 287 PD 106 68 27 5 1485 (806) 1490 (809)

• Used on common ferrous and non-ferrous alloys• Suitable for use in all vacuum applications

due to its low vapor pressure• Often used in metalized-ceramic to

nickel-cobalt-iron assemblies

Silver Braze 72 VTG1 & VTG2

BVAg-8 72 28 1435 (779) 1435 (779)

• Designed for moderate temperature vacuum systems

• Used when maximum precautions are needed to ensure the minimum amount of detrimental volatile impurities

• The American Welding Society (AWS) defines vacuum-grade alloys as “controlled brazing filler metals used in fabrication of high-quality electronic devices when the service life and operating characteristics are of prime importance”

— The letter “B” denotes brazing filler metal

— The letter “V” stands for vacuum

— In general, “BV” denotes brazing filler metals for a vacuum furnace

VACUUM GRADE BRAZING ALLOY CHARACTERISTICS

ALLOY

VACUUM GRADE ALLOY PERFORMANCE

TE

MP

ER

AT

UR

E F

°

SOLIDUS Fo LIQUIDUS Fo

GRADE 1 V. GRADE 2

7

• Vacuum grade brazing alloys are free of high-vapor-pressure elements and are manufactured to maintain impurities at low levels

• Vacuum grade brazing alloys are used to fabricate vacuum tubes for electronic devices for which service life and operating characteristics are of prime importance

E

Elements detected that have a vapor pressure higher than 10-7 torr (1.3 x 10-5 Pa) at 932F (500C) are limited to 0.001% each for Grade 1 filler metals and 0.002% each for Grade 2 filler metals. The total of all high vapor pressure elements (including zinc, cadmium and lead) is limited to 0.010%. The total of all other impurity elements is 0.01% maximum for Grade 1 and 0.05% maximum for Grade 2. Please be sure to specify when placing and order for Vacuum Grade materials.

EL

ELEL

E = Eutectic: high liquidity, ideal for tight tolerancesEL = Eutectic Like

Vacuum Brazing reference charts available on page 11+ Prince & Izant recommends a brazing temperature of 50o to 100o degrees Fahrenheit above the Liquidus See princeizant.com for impurity limits

MINIMUM BRAZING TEMPERATURE Fo

1000

1500

2000

2500 T

Gold Braze 5025Gold Braze 3565Gold Braze 5050Silver Braze 72 VTG1/VTG2PAL 5

EL


1600

1645

1690

1735

1780

1825

1870

1915

1960

2005

2050

CDA 110 (Cu 99.9)CDA 102 (Cu99.95)CDA 773 (Cu48/Zn41/Ni10)X-55 (Cu55/Zn35/Ni6)

ALLOY

COPPER ALLOY PERFORMANCE

TE

MP

ER

AT

UR

E F

°


E

E

COPPER BRAZING ALLOYS

P&I PRODUCT

NAME


APPLICATIONSAWS ISO EN Cu Ni Zn Solidus °F (°C) Liquidus °F (°C)

CDA 773* RBCuZn-D Cu 773 CU 305 48 10 41 1690 (921) 1715 (935)• Used for the brazing of tungsten

carbide, steel, nickel and nickel based alloys

X-55 55 6 35 1634 (890) 1688 (920)

• Modified nickel silver with moderate strength

• Excellent plasticity in molten state• Gap filling• For carbides, stainless steels, tool

steels and nickel alloys

CDA 521 92 1620 (882) 1880 (10)

• Typically used in furnace brazing of steels where use of pure copper is not permissible

• Contains 8% Sn

CDA 102 BCu-3 Cu 102 Cu 102 99.95 1981 (1083) 1981 (1083)

• Oxygen-free (OFE/OFHC), free-flowing alloy used in joining of ferrous, nickel-based alloys and copper-nickel alloys

• Often used in furnace brazing with protective atmosphere or partially combusted natural gas, hydrogen, dissociated ammonia or nitrogen-base atmosphere generally without flux

CDA 110 BCu-1 99.9 1981 (1083) 1981 (1083)

• Fluid filler metal used for brazing ferrous and nickel based alloys in particular steel, stainless steel and copper-nickel alloys

• This alloy is commonly used in furnace braze applications without the use of flux

8

COPPER ALLOY CHARACTERISTICS• Generally used for brazing of carbon and alloy

steels, stainless steel, nickel and copper-nickel

• Excellent corrosion resistance

• High electrical and thermal conductivity

COPPER PASTE

• Prince & Izant’s Copper Paste product line is designed to fulfill the needs of customer furnace brazing applications

• Common copper paste applications include but are not limited to the Automotive and HVAC/R industries

• Prince & Izant's Copper Pastes have a recommended brazing temperature range of 2030-2050F. Please consult a P&I representative should you require a custom paste formulation

ELWGE = Eutectic: high liquidity, ideal for tight tolerancesEL = Eutectic LikeWG = Wide Gap: lower liquidity, ideal for larger tolerances

+ Prince & Izant recommends a brazing temperature of 50o to 100o degrees Fahrenheit above the Liquidus * CDA stands for Copper Development Association


CDA 521 (Cu92/Sn8)

10

• Used when applications require corrosion resistance

• Used in high-temperature service applications

NICKEL BRAZING ALLOY CHARACTERISTICS

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

AMS 4778AMS 4777

ALLOY

NICKEL ALLOY PERFORMANCE

TE

MP

ER

AT

UR

E F

°

SOLIDUS Fo LIQUIDUS Fo

NICKEL BRAZING ALLOYS

ALUMINUM BRAZING ALLOYS

P&I PRODUCT

NAME


APPLICATIONSAWS AMS ISO EN Ni Si Cr B Fe Solidus °F (°C) Liquidus °F (°C)

AMS 4777 BNi-2 4777 Ni 620 NI 102 82 4.5 7 3 1780 (971) 1830 (999)

• Most widely used of nickel filler metals• Excellent oxidation and corrosion

resistance• Used in the manufacturing of food

handling equipment, jet engine components, nuclear energy assemblies and carbide tools

AMS 4778 BNi-3 4778 Ni 630 NI 103 92 4.5 3 1800 (982) 1900 (1038)

• Exhibits high temperature joint strength, oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance

• Typical applications include structural members in jet engines, turbines, chemical processing and nuclear equipment requiring lower temperature/heat treatment temperatures

P&I PRODUCT

NAME


APPLICATIONSAWS AMS ISO Al Si Cu Fe Zn Mg Mn Solidus °F (°C) Liquidus °F (°C)

AL 718 BAlSi-4 4185Al 112 / Al 317

86.45 12 0.3 0.8 0.2 0.15 0.15 1070 (577) 1080 (582)

• General purpose used with all brazing processes requiring a free-flowing filler metal and good corrosion resistance

EL

EL = Eutectic Like

ALUMINUM BRAZING ALLOY CHARACTERISTICS

Aluminum brazing filler metals are used to join brazeable aluminum base metals. Silicon and copper are typically added to pure aluminum to lower melting range and provide a suitable joining material. Magnesium can also be added to aluminum to facilitate oxide dispersion in vacuum brazing.

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+ Prince & Izant recommends a brazing temperature of 20o to 25o degrees Fahrenheit above the Liquidus Please take into consideration the melt temperature of your base components and adjust the brazing temperature accordingly

MINIMUM BRAZING TEMPERATURE Fo



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ACTIVE BRAZE ALLOYS

P&I PRODUCT

NAME


APPLICATIONSMorgan/Wesgo Ag Au Cu In Ti Ni Solidus °F (°C) Liquidus °F (°C)

APA 10b Gold-ABA 96 4 1945 (1062) 1947 (1063)

Active Braze Alloys are designed for brazing ceramics to metals as well as other non-metallic components

without the need for prior metallization of the contact surface

APA 10 96.5 0.6 3 1837 (1002) 1886 (1030)

APA 1 1738 (947) 1758 (958)

APA 2 96 4 1780 (971) 1780 (971)

APA 3 Cusil-2-ABA 71 27 2 1436 (780) 1481 (805)

APA 4 Ticusil 68.8 26.7 4.5 1435 (779) 1650 (898)

APA 5 Cusil-ABA 63 35.25 1.75 1435 (779) 1500 (815)

APA 6 Cusin-1-ABA 63 34.25 1.75 1427 (775) 1483 (806)

APA 7 Incusil-ABA 59 27.25 12.5 1.25 1121 (605) 1319 (715)

APA 8 Incusil-15-ABA 60.27 23.03 14.7 2 1120 (604) 1335 (723)

APA 9 Incusil-25-ABA 43.6 29.1 24.3 3 1119 (603) 1134 (612)

ANA 1 Tini-67 67 33 1730 (947) 1795 (958)

ANA 2 Tini-50 50 50 1760 (960) 1890 (1032)

1. ABAs must be brazed under deep vacuum or argon – ABAs will readily react with oxygen at higher temperatures and “lose” their active components.

2. Avoid rapid heating and cooling – metals expand and shrink faster than ceramics. This can cause cracking and misconfiguration

3. Longer soak time and higher temperatures – a longer soak time at a higher temperature is preferred to generate the initial reaction layer

BRAZING WITH ABAS

• ABAs combine braze alloys with active elements to allow for the direct joining of metal to ceramic

• Promote wetting on ceramics

• Indium is used in ABAs to reduce brazing temperature of the alloy

ACTIVE BRAZE ALLOY CHARACTERISTICS

COMMON INDUSTRIES AND MARKETS

ELECTRONICS MEDICAL ALTERNATIVE ENERGYENERGY

• High-tech circuit boards

• Thin film chip fuses for LED panel applications

• Suppressor components for high frequency applications

• Particle accelerators

• Optoelectronics

• High voltage feedthroughs for x-ray equipment, scanners and imaging applications

• Proton therapy for oncology

• Proton therapy equipment for oncology

• Solar thermal panels

RECOMMENDED ACTIVE BRAZE ALLOY ATMOSPHERES & TEMPERATURES

ABAs should be brazed in vacuum or argon. If brazed in argon, the vapor pressure of elements such as silver should be taken into consideration when programming the peak temperature. ABAs are best suited for furnaces. Induction can cause uneven heating which leads to cracking of ceramic components. Rapid cool down rates should also be avoided when ceramic is bonded to metal. The fast contraction of metal can put stresses on the ceramic which leads to cracking or residual stress on the braze joint at ambient temperatures.

The soak time at temperature is often extended for ABAs in order to allow the active agent to react with the surface of the ceramic. ABAs cannot be brazed in atmosphere with flux or under nitrogen.

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+ Prince & Izant recommends a brazing temperature of 100o to 150o degrees Fahrenheit above the Liquidus of ABA materials An extended soak time of 30 minutes is generally recommended to further drive a metallurgical reaction between the base components and braze alloyAPA - Active Precious AlloysANA - Active Nickel Alloys

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METAL-METAL OXIDE EQUILIBRIA IN PURE HYDROGEN ATMOSPHERES

WHY TO USE: In order to avoid the out-gassing of an element in a braze alloy – find the element with the highest vapor pressure in the alloy, and verify the temperature and pressure profile of the braze furnace is suitable.

HOW TO USE: Find the temperature of the braze range for the braze alloy along the top/bottom and draw a vertical line to the curve of the highest vapor pressure element in the alloy. Draw a horizontal line to the left or right from the point of intersection on the curve – this indicates the pressure at which that element will out-gas. In order to avoid out gassing, the pressure must be higher than the out gassing pressure for that particular temperature.

VAPOR PRESSURE CURVES FOR VACUUM

HOW TO USE: To achieve the appropriate conditions for the brazing filler metal to wet the surface of the base materials to join the assembly, the furnace atmosphere must be below and to the right of the curves on the metal oxides chart. Below and to the right of the curve represents the conditions required to dissociate/reduce the oxides of an element. Regions above and to the left represent conditions that are oxidizing for that metal. For a successful braze, one should identify the braze temperature and partial pressure* to ensure that the result shows a reducing state.

* 10-3 to 10-5 is a common vacuum pressure range

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Reference graphs created from data contained in

the AWS Brazing Handbook 5th Edition

WHY TO USE: All metals have a driving force to react with oxygen to form oxides as the metal gets hotter during brazing operations. The degree of that oxidation varies considerably from metal to metal, with some metals showing little reaction with oxygen, whereas other metals may show extensive reaction with oxygen. In the brazing world, it is very important to know how each metal reacts with oxygen as that metal is heated in a furnace atmosphere.

VACUUM BRAZING REFERENCE CHARTS

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PRINCE & IZANT AMS AWS ASTM UNS FEDERAL GE PWA WESGO UMICORE ENGLEHARD LUCAS MILHAUPT

Au

Gold Braze 2515 Palnicurom-10

Gold Braze 35623 BAu-3 P00350 Nicoro

Gold Braze 5025 4784 P00500 Palniro 1

Gold Braze 7008 4786 BAu-6 P00700 Palniro 7

Gold Braze 8218 4787 BAu-4 P00820 698 Nioro

Au99.99 B 562 - 95(2012) P00015

Ag –

Cadm

ium

Free

Silver Braze 30 BAg-20 P07301 QQ-B-654A Silvaloy A30 Silvaloy 300

Silver Braze 35 BAg-35 P07351 Silvaloy A35 Silvaloy 351

Silver Braze 38 4761 BAg-34 P07380 Silvaloy A38T

Silver Braze 40

Silver Braze 40Ni2 BAg-4 P07400 Silvaloy A40N2 Silvaloy 403

Silver Braze 45T BAg-36 P07454 BrazeTec 4576 Silvaloy A45T Silvaloy 452

Silver Braze 45 4769 BAg-1 P07450QQ-B-654A GRADE VII

Silvaloy 45 Easy-Flo 45

Silver Braze 49Ni4

Silver Braze 50Ni2 4788 BAg-24 P07505 BrazeTec 5081 Silvaloy A50N Silvaloy 505

Silver Braze 72 BAg-8 P07720 Cusil

Silver Braze 85 4766 BAg-23 P07850 QQ-B-654A Silvaloy Z85M Silvaloy 852

Ag90/Cu10 B617-98(2016) P07900

Silver Braze 92.5 4767 BAg-19 P07925 Silvaloy B92.5Li Lithobraze 925

Pure Silver

Ag –

Cadm

ium

-Bea

ring

Silver Alloy 45 4769 BAg-1 P07450QQ-B-654A GRADE VII

Silvaloy 45 Easy-Flo 45

Silver Alloy 50Ni3 4771 BAg-3 P07501QQ-B-654A

GRADE V Amend-1Silvaloy 50N Easy-Flo 3

Silver Alloy 50 4770 BAg-1a P07500QQ-B-654A GRADE IV

Silvaloy 50 Easy-Flo

Ag/P

Silverphos 5 BCuP-3 C55281 QQ-B-654A BrazeTec S5 Silvaloy 5 Sil-Fos 5

Silverphos 6HP BCuP-4 C55283 Silvaloy 6F Sil-Fos 6

Silverphos 15 BCuP-5 C55284QQ-B-654A GRADE III

BrazeTec S15 Silvaloy 15 Sil-Fos 15

Vacu

um G

rade

PAL 5 Palcusil 5

Silver Braze 72VTG1 & VTG2

BVAg-8 F106-12 - BVAg-8 GR1F106-12 - BVAg-8 GR2

P07727 QQ-B-654 Cusil BrazeTec 7200 Silvaloy B72VSilvaloy 721 VTG

G1 & G2

Gold Braze 5050 BVAu-10 F 106 P0050350 Gold 50

Copper

Gold Braze 3565 BVAu-9 F 106 P0035435 Gold 65

Copper

Cu

CDA 773 RBCuZn-D RBCuZn-D C77300 BrazeTec48/10

X-55 X55

CDA 102 4701 BCu-3 B 152 - C10200 C10200 CDA102

Al AL 718 4185 BAlSi-4 ASTM BAlSi-4 A94047 BrazeTec88/12

Ni

A286 B50T12A/B-S14

B50TF198 B50TF198-S5

GEB50TF145 B50TF145-S5

BNi-5/AMS 4782 4782 BNi-5 B50TF81-S12

B50TF143-S9 B50TF143-S9

GEB50TF204 B50TF204

B50TF205 B50TF205-S6

AMS 4777 4777 BNi-2 N99620 Icronibsi-7 BrazeTec 1002

AMS 4778 4778 BNi-3 N99630 Nibsi-4

CROSS REFERENCE TABLE

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