Bringing Geographical Location To WebBringing Geographical Location To Web

By

P.Hema

HOW?HOW?

GIS>>> Geographical Information system

GOOGLE EARTH>>> A magnificent satellite view

GOOGLE EARTHGOOGLE EARTH

Geo- Mapping software application

Formerly called -“KEYHOLE”

In short it brings

“ENTIRE PLANET” to your PC

What can Google Earth do?What can Google Earth do?

Features of Google Earth

Discovering Asteroid ImpactsDiscovering Asteroid Impacts

The first crater as seen from 20 km distance

Discovering Asteroid ImpactsDiscovering Asteroid Impacts

View of second crater from 5km distance

What is GISWhat is GIS

“Roger Tomlinson”-father of GISIt is capable of

•Integrating•Storing•Editing

•Analyzing•Display geo-referenced information

Technical Aspects of GISTechnical Aspects of GIS

DATA CREATIONDATA REPRESENTAIONDATA STRUCTURES IN GIS

-Point -line -Polygon

Technical Aspects of GISTechnical Aspects of GIS

DATA CAPTURE

PROJECTIONS COORDINATE

SYSTEM & REGISTRATION

SPATIAL DATA ANALYSIS SPATIAL DATA ANALYSIS WITH GISWITH GIS

SPATIAL DATA REPRESENTAIONSPATIAL DATA REPRESENTAION

Managing collections of spatial objects

“SPACES” R* tree implementation Design Principles

Space (S)---------------------

Insert (SO)Remove (SO)Retrieve (SO)

Spatial Object (SO)-----------------------------

Contains (SO)Intersection (SO)

Distance (SO)Clone () :SO

Bounding Box (BB)----------------------------

Contains (BB)Intersection (BB)

Access Method (AM)--------------------------

Insert (SO)Remove (SO)Retrieve (BB)

GEO TOOLKIT KERNEL

1:n

1:n

1:n

Group

Curve Surface Solid

TetrahedronTriangleSegmentPoint Rep

Point

BoxPlaneLine

Poly Line Triangle Net Tetra Net

Spatial Object Class Hierarchy

User defined

0D 1D 2D 3D

R* Tree Oc Tree

Access Method Class Hierarchy

User defined Access Methods

Architecture for storing complex spatial types

DATA MODELINGDATA MODELING --Depicting 2D & 3D characteristics of the Depicting 2D & 3D characteristics of the

earth’s surfaceearth’s surface

TOPOLOGICAL MODELING -Analyzing spatial relationships that exist within

digitally stored spatial data.

CARTOGRAPHIC MODELINGCARTOGRAPHIC MODELING

A GIS map consists of multiple layers of geographic data

GEOSTATISTICSGEOSTATISTICS -Uses ‘GRAPH THEORY’ & ‘MATRIX -Uses ‘GRAPH THEORY’ & ‘MATRIX

ALGERBRA’ALGERBRA’

GEOCODING -Calculating spatial locations

REVERSE GEOCODING-Returning an estimated street address

DATA OUTPUT & CARTOGRAPHY

GRAPHIC DISPLAY TECHNIQUES

GIS SOFTWARE-Grass GIS

-Quantum GIS -Map server -Open jump

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

Valuable tool

Geographical education

Extending Applications

QUERIES?QUERIES???????????

POINT ID X-Coordinate Y-Coordinate

POINT-1 30123.6 19782.0

POINT-2 30167.3 19745.7

POINT-3 34952.2 19648.1

.

ARC Reference

X-Coordinate

Y-Coordinate

NODE-1 30123.6 19782.4

NODE-2 30167.3 19745.7

VERTEX-3 30952.2 19648.1

.

POLYGON Reference

Attribute Pointer

Three Point-1

X-Coordinate Y-Coordinate

30123.6 19782.4

30167.3 19745.7

30952.2 19648.1

30123.6 19782.4

.