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President, Mr. Openshaw, Mr. Hallidie, Dr. Rutter, Dr.J. H. Sequeira, Dr. Turner, and Sir Hugh Beevor.

Specimens of Gall-stones causing obstruction which ulti-mately proved fatal were then shown by the President,Mr. OPENSHAW, and Dr. H. Fox.-The cases were discussedby Mr. Cotman, Sir Hugh Beevor, and Mr. Humphreys.Mr. HOPE GRANT showed a specimen of Scirrhous Car-

cinoma, causing æsophageal stricture just above thestomach.

Mr. OPENSHAW showed a specimen of Cystic Sarcoma ofthe Kidney which had been hardened in formal. Thespecimen h-td been removed from a child aged three.-SirHugh Beev w and the President discussed the case.The PR :mr ENT showed specimens of Carcinoma of the

Stomach and Liver taken from the body of a patient whomhe had previously exhibited to the society as an illustrationof the excellent result he had obtained by his method ofperforming gastro-jejunostomy; the patient lived in com-

parative comfort for over ten months after the operation hadbeen performed.

BRISTOL MEDICO-CHIRURGICAL SOCIETY.

Exhibition of Cases and Specimens.-Two Cases of ExtraduralPressure on Spinal Cord.-Foreign Body in the Bronchus.THE sixth meeting of the session was held on March 13th.

The President in feeling terms spoke of the loss the societyhad sustained in the death of a past president, Dr. JamesG. Davey.

Dr. CHRISTIE showed a patient with Asymmetrical Develop-ment of the Cranium and Lower Jaw, with spinal symptoms;and another patient with Peripheral Neuritis, showingtropho-neurotic changes.-Drs. Firth and Clarke discussedthe cases.Mr. GREIG SMITH exhibited-(l) a large Sarcoma of the

Breast; (2) Hydronephrotic Kidney, due, he considered, topressure on the ureter, from a woman with extreme prolapseof the uterus; (3) Subphrenic Abscess Cavity, caused by aperforating ulcer in the stomach ; (4) Malignant Stricture atthe Ileo-cæcal Valve; (5) Gall-stones from two recent

operation cases; and (6) a small Calculus from the femalebladder.

Dr. HARRISON exhibited a specimen of Necrosis of theLower Jaw in a Polar Bear ; and Fracture of the Base ofthe Skull in a Brahmin Bull,-Dr. J. G. Swayne andMr. Ewens commented on the specimens.

Dr. MICHELL CLARKE read a paper, illustrated withnumerous diagrams and specimens, on two cases of Extra-dural Pressure on the Spinal Cord (a) from’inflammatoryswelling in a case which presented symptoms of syringo-myelia, and (b) from a localised tuberculous mass in caries.-Mr. BARCLAY described the operation he had performed inthe former case, mentioning the great difficulty he expe- Irienced in stopping the excessive haemorrhage. jMr. PAUL BUSH read a paper on a case of Foreign Body

in the Bronchus of a child aged eight years, and exhibited asteel hat-pin over three inches in length which had beenexpelled through the mouth three months after tracheotomyhad been performed.-Dr. Fisher commented on the absenceof lung symptoms, and Mr. Morton, Dr. Rogers, Dr.Newnham, Dr. Harrison, Mr. Barclay, Dr. MichellClarke, Dr. Christie, and Dr. Firth considered variouspoints in connexion with the paper.

LIVERPOOL MEDICAL INSTITUTION.

Cases of Laryngeal Paralysis.Renal Calculus.-Supra-pubicCystotomy for Vesical Hæmorrhage.-Death Certificationand the Recommendations of the Select Committee of theH01lse of Commons.A MEETING of this society was held on March 14th, Mr.

CHAUNCY PUZEY, President, being in the chair.Dr. PERMEWAN described two cases of Bilateral Laryngeal

Paralysis. The first had a history of dysphagia combinedwith attacks of spasmodic dyspnoea. At first no cesophagealstricture could be detected, but even then there was completebilateral abductor paralysis of the cords. Organic diseaseaffecting both recurrent laryngeal nerves was diagnosed, andthe patient eventually died from starvation. At the post-mortem examination a cancerous mass was found surroundingboth recurrent laryngeal nerves. The second case was one

of bulbar paralysis, in which Dr. Permewan was able towatch the onset and progress of the laryngeal affection.The paralysis started with the abductors, and it was onlyafter nine months that the adductors became affected.This, he observed, is only what might be expected from ourgeneral knowledge of laryngeal paralysis, but is in contra.diction to the teaching of authorities on nervous diseases.

Mr. LARKIN read notes of a case of Renal Calculus in awoman where the symptoms closely resembled those offissure of the anus. There were no symptoms referable tothe kidney except a trace of pus in the urine, but, underchloroform, a slight enlargement of the right kidney wasdetected by palpation. The patient was relieved of all painby removal of the calculi from the kidney.-The President,Dr. Carter, and Dr. Davies made remarks on this case.Mr. GEORGE HAMILTON read a note on a case of

Vesical Haemorrhage for which supra-pubic cystotomyhad been performed. He also showed a new apparatus for-drainage.

Mr. F. W. LOWNDES read a paper on Death Certificatior,and the Recommendations of the Select Committee of theHouse of Commons. After alluding to the heartburnings.which this unremunerated duty had caused, both to thepublic and the profession, Mr. Lowndes quoted from a speechof Dr. Farquharson, M.P., and read a letter from Sir WalterFoster, M.P., in which both gentlemen expressed their senseof the importance of the subject, and of the value of anyresolution which might be adopted by the members ofrepresentative and scientific bodies. Mr. Lowndes then wentthrough the recommendations of the Select Committeeseriatim and dwelt upon the importance of caution in givingdeath certificates, adducing instances which showed thatcarelessness in this respect facilitated wholesale poisoning;while, conversely, a little extra care might save life. He alsourged that greater care should be shown by coroners in theirinformal inquiries, and that they should have power toremunerate medical practitioners in cases where they didnot hold inquests.-Dr. HOPE drew attention to the im-portance of discriminating between mischief arising fromdefects in the law regulating registration and from evasionof the existing law. In Neal’s case the medical man,registrar, and witness all seemed to have failed to complywith existing requirements. Dr. Hope considered that a feeshould be payable by the governing body in respect to everydeath certified ; this would conduce to greater accuracy,which was greatly needed. In the event of public medicalcertifiers being appointed, he did not think that the medicalofficer of health should be that officer, but an independentcoroner’s assessor might discharge such functions.-Mr.Puzey, Dr. Carter, Dr. Whitford, Dr. Imlach, Dr. Permewan,and Dr. Davies also took part in the discussion whichfollowed the reading of Mr. Lowndes’ paper.

SHEFFIELD MEDICO-CHIRURGICALSOCIETY.

Traumatic Aneurysm of Aberrant Right Subolavian Artery,-A New Method of dividing Bone in Surgical Operations,-Exhibition of Specimens.

’ A MEETING of this society was held on Feb. 28th, Mr.

SIMEON SNELL being to !be chair.Mr. PYE-SMITH sho weda Breast removed that day from &

woman aged ninety-one. It contained a growth whichappeared to the naked eye to be a sarcoma. This had grownrecently at the site of a small lump which had been present,it was believed, for sixty years, having followed an injury.

Dr. BLACK MILNE showed an almost perfect example ofCongenital Asymmetry in a female child aged nineteenmonths. Fall details and measurements were given. Thepatient was the first child of young parents who presentedno anomalies in themselves, nor were any recorded in thecase of their relatives. The right side was the larger, andthe inequality was shown in the head, face, trunk, limbs,and in the following structures-viz., alas nasi, palate,tongue, tonsil, and labium. On the right side the palpebralfissure was wider and the globe looked larger. There wascutaneous congestion on both sides, but more marked on theright. No varices or nævi were present. On the two sides thearteries appeared to be equal and there was no difference inthe temperature. Six teeth were present on the right sideand one on the left. Reasons were given for thinking that