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C¢vØı¬¿ Qmhzumh 5,50,000 ÌUh∫ £µ®§¿ Pzuõ £∞õ h®£kQ”x. EªP AÕ¬¿ 26% Eÿ£zv \¥≤Æ ⁄ıƒUS Akzu£iØıP Cµshı¡x ™P® £õ Ø Eÿ£zvØıÕ∫ C¢vØıuıfl. 14 ªm\zxUSÆ AvP©ı⁄ ]‘Ø, |kzuµ ©ÿ÷Æ ¡ıáıuıµÆ C¿ªıu H« ¬¡\ı∞PŒfl £n®£∞∫ Cx. ¡”sh «¿PŒæÆ Th ¬Õa\¿ AŒUSÆ ¡æ¡ı⁄ £∞µı⁄ Pzuõ |Æ |ımi¿ Qmhzumh A⁄zx® £SvPŒæÆ ¡Õ∫Q”x. Pzuõ UPı¥ £∞µ AvP©ıP £∞õ kÆ ]ª ©ı{ª[PŒ¿ Em£mh¡: ©ÿS ¡[PıÕÆ (Eÿ£zv £[S 30%), Jõ \ı (20%), S·µız ©ÿ÷Æ •Pı∫ (Qmhzumh uªı 10%). 2005&2006Æ Bsi¿ Pzuõ ∞fl

u]Ø \µı\õ Eÿ£zv J∏ ÌUh∏US _©ı∫ 15.6 hflP“ G⁄ £vƒ \¥Ø®£mk E“Õx.

]‘Ø ©ÿ÷Æ ¡ıáıuıµÆ S”¢u ¬¡\ı∞PŒfl ©zv∞¿ C®£∞∫ |¿ª A§©ı⁄Æ £ÿ÷ C∏¢uıæÆ, Pzuõ UPı¥ ¬¡\ıØÆ Pk©Øı⁄x. S‘®£ıP ßa]PÕ Pmk®£kzu AvP ï ” ßa]UPı¿ºP“ uŒ®¶

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GL®Gϧ&fl C¢u Aa_÷zuª Gv∫zvh ¬¡\ı∞P“ AiUPi ßa]U Pı¿º uŒ®¶P“ ©ÿ÷Æ E∞õ Ø¿ ï ” Pmk®£ımk |h¡iUPPÕ ©ÿPı“Qfl”⁄∫. G¤›Æ, GL®Gϧ ªı∫¡ı £∞õ fl S∏zxUP“ ©ÿ÷Æ Pı¥PŒ¿ JŒ¢x Pı“¡uı¿ ßa]UPı¿º uŒ®§fl£ıx £ıvUP®£hı©¿ u®§¬kQ”x. G⁄¡, ¬¡\ı∞P“ AvP©ıP ßa]U Pı¿ºPÕ uŒUP ¡si E“Õx. H⁄¤¿ ßa]P“ E“Õ⁄ Gfl÷ A¡∫P“ £ı∫zuu |Æ§Ø A¡∫P“ ï UQØ©ıP \Ø¿£kQfl”⁄∫. ©ıÿ‘ ©ıÿ‘ AvP©ıP ßa]UPı¿ºP“ uŒ®¶ \Æ£¢u®£mh \ªƒP–hfl _ÿ÷®¶”a «æUS A¡ÿ‘fl Gv∫©ı”ı⁄ ¬ÕƒP“, Pı¥P‘PŒ¿ ©ÿ÷Æ £«[PŒ¿ u[SÆ ßa]U Pı¿º ™a\[P“ C¢u Pı¥P‘PÕ \ı®§k£¡∫PŒfl BµıUQØÆ ©ÿ÷Æ £ıxPı®¶US ™P w¬µ©ı⁄ B£zu AŒUQfl”⁄.

G¤›Æ, £ıµÆ£õ Ø©ı⁄ Pª®§⁄Æ E∏¡ıUSu¿ ï ” â ªÆ Gv∫®¶ v”fl E“Õ £∞∫ ¡PPÕ E∏¡ıUP ï Øÿ]P“ ©ÿPı“Õ®£mh⁄. B⁄ı¿ C¡ÿ÷US Qhzu ¡ÿ‘P“ S”ƒ A¿ªx Qmhzumh ¡ÿ‘Ø C¿ª G⁄ªıÆ. C¢vØı¬¿ GL®GϧUS £ıvØ Gv∫®¶z ufl© E“Õ Pzuõ £∞∫ Gxƒ© C¿ª. G⁄¡, GL®Gϧ uıUSuª Gv∫USÆ ufl© E“Õ J∏ Pzuõ ¡PØ E∏¡ıUP ¬gbı¤P“ E∞õ Ø¿ uı»¿ ~m£zu £Øfl£kzv E“Õ⁄∫.

C¢vØı¬¿ ï uflï uªı⁄ Pı¥P‘ E∞õ Ø¿ uı»¿~m£ £∞∫§i £∏zvØ E∏¡ıUP® £Øfl£kzvØx £ıfl” J∏ E∏©ıÿ” |h¡iUP â ªÆ GL®Gϧ&Gv∫®¶z v”fl Pısh Pzuõ A¿ªx §i Pzuõ £∞∫ E∏¡ıUP®£mhx. §i £∏zv B⁄x J∏ E∞õ Ø¿ uı»¿~m£ £∞∫ ©ÿ÷Æ C¢vØı¬¿ 2007Æ Bsi¿ Cx 6.2 ™¿ºØfl

ÌUh∫ {ª®£µ®§¿ £∞õ h®£mhx. §i Pzuõ £∞õ ¿ GL®Gϧ&US GvµıP Gv∫®¶z v”⁄ AŒUP, ßa]UPı¿º ufl©≤“Õ ®µımjfl&I ¡Œ®£kzxÆ cry1 Ac&„fl Ah[Q≤“Õx. cry1 Ac&„fl ©s ~sq∞õ Øı⁄ £ı]¿ªÏ £ı]¿ªÏ x∏[QØfl]Ï&¿ (§i) C∏¢x

£”®£mhx. GL®Gϧ ªı∫¡ı&B¿ Cx vfl⁄®£mhxÆ, ßa]∞fl A¿Pªfl Sh¿ £Sv∞¿ §i ®µımjflP“ \æzu®£mk, _¡∫ uıUP®£k¡uı¿ Ax Eh¢x §i ~sq∞õ P“ ßa]∞fl £“Õ©ı⁄ Eh¿ £Sv∞¿ Fk∏ƒQfl”⁄. J∏ ]ª |ımP–US §fl¶ GL®Gϧ ªı∫¡ı C”¢x ¬kÆ.

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3

©PıµıËiµı ̧õ m ÎmÏ PÆ£¤Øı¿ (©ÓPı) §i Pzuõ E∏¡ıUP®£mk“Õx. Pzuõ \iPŒ¿ CÕÆ |ıÿ÷UPÕ ©ıÿ”Æ \¥vh, C¢u {÷¡⁄Æ cry1 Ac&„fl J∏ CaMV 35s ®µ©ımh∫

©ÿ÷Æ npt 11 ©ÿ÷Æ Bm £ıfl” S‘®§mh ©ı∫UP∫ „flP“ Ah[Q≤“Õ J∏ iGflH Pmh©®£ £Øfl£kzv E“Õx. ©ÓPı¬fl £∏UPÆ \Ø¿ vmhzv¿ Pª®§⁄ Pzuõ £∞õ ¿ EE-1&G⁄ A«UP®£kÆ J∏ Jÿ” |P¿ Gªm D¡flm u∫¢ukUP®£mk, A‘ï P®£kzu®£mhx. ©æÆ ©ÓPı §i Pzuõ uı»¿ ~m£zu PıØƶzyõ ¿ E“Õ u™Ã|ık ¬¡\ıØ® £¿PªU P«PÆ (iGflH≥), ©ÿ÷Æ uı∫¡ım&¿ E“Õ ≥¤¡∫]mi BL® AUõ P¿_µ¿ \Øfl\Ï&USÆ (≥HGÏ)

£∏¢ufl©Øık ¡«[Q E“Õx. EE-1 {Pà ¡Œ®£hØıP ©Pµ¢ua \∫UP E“Õ Pzuõ ¡PP–UPıP £U UµıÏ \¥Ø®£mk“Õx. ©æÆ ©ÓPı §º®£flÏ ©ÿ÷Æ £[PÕıuË |ıkPŒ¿ £ıx Bµı¥ƒ A©®¶P–US C¢u uı»¿ ~m£zu Afl£Œ®£ıP ¡«[Q≤“Õx.

Auık Th, £¿¡÷ „flPÕ® £Øfl£kzv §i Pzuõ £∞µ £ª £ıx ©ÿ÷Æ u¤Øı∫ Bµı¥ƒ A©®¶UP“ E∏¡ıUQ E“Õ⁄. cry Fa1 „fl ¡Œ®£kzv §i Pzuõ ¡PPÕ |Â⁄¿ \flh∫ Bfl ®Õıflm £Øı hU⁄ıª‚ (GflB∫]§§) E∏¡ıUQ E“Õx. Cuz uıh∫¢x C¢u

uı»¿~m£Æ §·ı Ázu¿, ¬£ı ÎmÏ, |ız ÎmÏ ©ÿ÷Æ Q∏Êufl ÎmÏ Em£h £ª {÷¡⁄[P–US £õ ©ıÿ”Æ \¥Ø®£mk“Õx. ©æÆ cry1Ab&„fl £Øfl£kzv §i Pzuõ Ø C¢vØfl CflÏii≥m BL® Ìı∫miP¿_µ¿ õ \∫a (IIGaB∫) E∏¡ıUQ≤“Õx. Cuµ £¿¡÷ ©ÿ÷Æ |fl©™UP AÆ\[P“ Ehfl §i Pzuõ Ø E∏¡ıUQh ¬gbı¤P“ ¡»PÕz ukQfl”⁄∫.

J [Sï ” |h¡iUPPÕ® §fl£ÿ÷u¿C¢vØı¬¿ ¡oP ü vØı⁄ ¡Œ±mkUPıP ©v®•mkUS Em£kzu®£mh ï u¿ Enƒ® £∞∫ §i Pzuõ UPı¥ £∞∫. 2000Æ Bsi¿ Cufl E∏¡ıUPÆ x¡[QØx ï u¿ Cufl Enƒ £ıxPı®¶, _ÿ÷®¶”a «¿ £ıxPı®¶, ©¤u∫P“ ©ÿ÷Æ §µıoP“ BµıUQØ® £ıxPı®¶ ©ÿ÷Æ £¿æ∞∫

£∏UPÆ £ıfl”¡ÿ” ©v®§h Pk©Øı⁄ ¬gbı⁄ ©v®•kP–US C¢u £∞∫ Em£kzu®£mk“Õx. §i Pzuõ £∞õ fl J [Sï ” J®¶uæUPıP §fl£ÿ”®£mh |hï ”Ø £hÆ 1 ¬¡õ UQ”x.

2004: 8 Pª®§⁄ §i Pzuõ UPı¥ £∞∫PŒfl £¿¡÷ £Sv Bµı¥ƒ B¥ƒP“ |hzvh B∫Í‚GÆ J®¶u¿.

2004&2007: ©ÓPı ©ÿ÷Æ C¢vØfl Pƒfl]¿ BL® AUõ P¿_µ¿ õ \∫a I]HB∫&fl B¿ C¢vØıPı&B∫i⁄mhm ¡‚h§“ CÆ®π∆©sm ®µıQµı™fl (HI]¬I§) B¿ |hzu®£mh GÆG¿B∫iP“.

2004&2005: õ ¬≥ P™mi BL® ·⁄iU ©¤¶ªÂfl (B∫Í‚GÆ)&US \©∫®§UP®£kÆ GL®Gϧ,©Pµ¢u® £ı¥ƒ ©ÿ÷Æ Cµ\ıØ⁄a \∫UPUS GvµıP ©s ©UµıL®Õıµı (~sq∞õ ) x §i

Pzuõ UPı¥ £∞õ fl ¬ÕƒP“ £ÿ‘Ø uP¡¿.

2002&2004: §i Pª®§⁄ Pzuõ £∞∫PŒfl ©Pµ¢u £ı¥ƒ ©ÿ÷Æ ¡Õ∫a],w¬µz ufl© ©ÿ÷Æ E∞õ Ø¿ µ\ıØ⁄z ufl©P“,

|a_zufl© ©ÿ÷Æ J∆¡ı©z ufl© £ÿ‘ B¥ƒ \¥Ø Pmk®£ıhı⁄ PÕ B¥ƒP“.

2001&2002: §i Pzuõ ∞fl ¡Õ∫a], E∏¡ıUPÆ ©ÿ÷Æ \Ø¿v”⁄ ©v®§h Ai®£h Uü flÌƒÏ ©v®•k.

2000: Pª®§⁄ Pzuõ ¡PPŒ¿ cry1Ac&„fl I J∏[Qn®¶ £õ ©ıÿ”Æ ©ÿ÷ÆUü fl ÌƒÏ £∏UPÆ.

E∞õ Ø¿ £ıxPı®¶ ©ÿ÷Æ Enƒ £ıxPı®¶ ©v®•kP“¬Â® £ıv®¶ ©ÿ÷Æ J∆¡ı©z ufl© ©v®•k Em£h Pk©Øı⁄ ¬gbı⁄® £õ \ıu⁄P“ ©ÿ÷Æ ï Ø¿P“, GºP“, flP“, BkP“, C”a]U Pı»P“ ©ÿ÷Æ P”¡ ©ıkP“ x Fmha\zxUPı⁄ B¥ƒP“, §i A¿ªıu¡ÿ” ¬h, §i&Pzuõ £ıxPı®£ı⁄x Gfl£u {π§zx“Õ⁄. §i Pzuõ ∞fl £ıxPı®¶ ©Pµ¢uÆ uı⁄ B¥ƒPŒfl ï iƒP“, ©so¿ E“Õ

©UµıL®Õıµı x ¬ÕƒP“ ©ÿ÷Æ CªUS C¿ªıu ~sq∞õ P“ x ¬ÕƒP“ ¬¡\ıØ® £ı∏ÕıuıµÆ, Fk∏¡¿ ©ÿ÷Æ §i ®µımjfl uµÆ S”u¿ uı⁄ B¥ƒPŒfl ï iƒP“

Ai®£h∞¿ ©æÆ E÷v®£kzu®£mh⁄. B¥ƒPŒfl ï iƒP“ §i Pzuõ A_¬oP“, Cªz uı¬P“, ]ª¢vP“ ©ÿ÷Æ Psnıi C”UP ¡skP“ £ıfl” |fl© \¥≤Æ ßa]PÕ® £ıv®£v¿ª G⁄ {π§zx“Õ⁄.

¬¡\ı∞P“ ©ÿ÷Æ ~P∫¡ı∏UPı⁄ BuıØ[P“§i Pzuõ S∏zxUPŒ¿ 98% ¶ UP“ ©µnÆ ©ÿ÷Æ Pı¥PŒ¿ 100% ¶ UP“ ©µnÆ Gfl£u §i A¿ªıu¡ÿ‘¿ 30%USÆ S”¡ı⁄ ©µn {Pá J®§mhı¿, §i Pzuõ GL®Gϧ&US GvµıP ™P \Uv EhØx Gfl£x A‘Ø®£mk“Õx. ©¿mi ªıPÂfl õ \∫a B¥ƒP“ (GÆG¿B∫iP“) GL®Gϧ&IU Pmk®£kzu, §i A¿ªıu ©ÿ”¡ÿ” ¬h §i Pzuõ US \µı\õ ØıP 77% S”¡ı⁄ ßa]U Pı¿ºP“

£ıxÆ Gfl÷Æ ©ÿ÷Æ Pzuõ ∞fl A⁄zx ßa]PÕ≤Æ Pmk®£kzu 42%USÆ S”¡ı⁄ ßa]UPı¿ºP“ £ıxÆ Gfl÷ E÷v®£kzv E“Õ⁄. §i Pzuõ ∞fl BuıØ[P“, \ıuıµn Pª®§⁄[PÕ J®§mhı¿ ¬ÿ£⁄US A›®£®£kÆ Pı¥P“ x 116% \µı\õ AvPõ ®£ AŒzu⁄.

¡oP ü vØı⁄ ¡Œ±mkUS £õ ª⁄∞fl £õ ¿

£hÆ 1: C¢vØı¬¿ §i Pzuõ Eÿ£zv ©ÿ÷Æ J [S£kzxu¿(\Õzõ Asm Pƒ∫ 2008, ‚DH] hıÍØ∫ 2008, GÆKDGL® 2008&¿ C∏¢x u ¬ GkUP®£mhx)

2006&2007: E∞õ Ø¿ £ıxPı®¶, _ÿ÷®¶”a «¿ £ıxPı®¶, ©ÿ÷Æ ¬¡\ıØ£ı∏Õıuıµ \Ø¿v”fl uP¡¿P“ ·⁄iU Cfl‚¤Øõ [ A®π¡¿ P™mi (‚HH])

&US \©∫®§UP®£ku¿. 2001 ï u¿ 2007 ¡µ |hzu®£mh B¥ƒPŒfl ï iƒPÕ®£ÿ‘ ‚DH] Aufl CnØ uÕzv¿ J∏ £∞õ Ø¿ £ıxPı®¶ uP¡¿ uıS®£ıP AŒzx“Õx.

„fl \Ø¿v”fl

2007&2009: ‚DH] J®¶u¿ AŒzu 7 §i Pª®§⁄ Pzuõ£õ Ø AÕƒ PÕ B¥ƒP“ (G¿GÏiP“)

C¢vØfl CflÏii≥m BL® ¡‚h§“ õ \∫a (II¬B∫)uÿ£ıx G¿GÏi&PÕ |hzv ¡∏Q”x.

2008&2009: ‚DH] 7 ¡PØı⁄ §iPª®§⁄ Pzuõ £∞∫PŒfl Bµı¥ƒ

¬u Eÿ£zvØ 0.1 HUPõ ¿ J∏ Pª®§⁄ÆGfl÷ J®¶u¿ AŒUQ”x.

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©ÿ÷Æ §µ£ª©ı⁄ K£fl&£ıº⁄mhm ¡PP“ (J§¬P“)&¿ 166% AvPõ ®£ AŒzu⁄. Auık TkuªıP, ßa]UPı¿º £Øfl£ımi¿ S‘®§hzuUP S”ƒ, ¬¡\ı∞P“ ßa]U Pı¿ºP“ £Øfl£kzx¡uU S”zu⁄ ©ÿ÷Æ Cufl Pıµn©ıP Pzuõ Pı¥PŒ¿ ßa]U Pı¿ºPŒfl ™a\[P“ u[Q¬ku¿ S”¢x“Õx. ¬gbı¤P“ §i Pzuõ B⁄x ¬¡\ı∞P–US J∏ HUP∏US π. 16.299 (≤GÏ hıª∫ 330)¿ C∏¢x π. 19,744 (≤GÏ hıª∫ π. 397) ¡µ £ı∏Õıuıµ ü vØıP BuıØÆ AŒUSÆ G⁄ vmh™mk“Õ⁄∫. Cu⁄ı¿ C¢vØıƒUS u]Ø BuıØ©ıP Bshıfl÷US 400 ™¿ºØfl hıª∏US ©¿ QhUSÆ.

ï iƒµ¬¡\ı∞P“ ©ÿ÷Æ ©UP“ C∏ \ıµı∏US© §i Pzuõ AvP BuıØÆ AŒUPU TiØx. C¢vØı¬¿ J [Sï ” A©®¶UPŒhÆ \©∫®§UP®£mh B¥ƒPŒfl ï iƒP“ Pı¥ ©ÿ÷Æ S∏zx xÕ®£ı›US GvµıP, Bÿ”¿ ™UP Pmk®£ımh AŒUP §i Pzuõ ¡ı¥®¶ u∏Q”x Gfl£u≤Æ ©ÿ÷Æ ¬¡\ıØzxUPı⁄ Ck£ı∏“ u¡Ø 80% ¡µ S”UQ”x Gfl£u≤Æ E÷v®£kzxQfl”⁄. ©æÆ §i Pzuõ ¡«UP©ı⁄ Pª®§⁄[P“ ©ÿ÷Æ v”¢u ©Pµ¢u ¡PPÕ ¬h, AvP©ıP ¬ÿ£⁄ BPzuUP Pı¥P“ BP ¬Õa\ª≤Æ AŒUQ”x.

C¢vØı¬¿ §i £∏zv S‘®§hzuUP ¡ÿ‘ Ah¢x“Õx. |Æ |ımi¿ C®£ıx 65% BP 9.6 ™¿ºØfl ÌUh∫PŒ¿ £∞õ h®£mk“Õ §i £∏zv, ¡÷© ©ÿ÷Æ £]Ø ¬µmih E∞õ Ø¿

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