bubble
DESCRIPTION
its give general information to everyone on bubble power generationTRANSCRIPT
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PAPER PRESENTATION
ON
BUBBLE POWER
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INTRODUCTION The power generation is based on principle of sonofusion.
y Sonofusion was derived from a related phenomenon, sonoluminescence.
y At one day it may become a revolutionary new energy source.
y Sonofusion Research team from various organizations have joined forces to create acoustic fusion technology energy consortium (AFTEC) to promote the development of sonofusion.
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SONOLUMINESCENCE y When a gas bubble in liquid is excited by an
ultrasonic acoustic waves, it can emit short flashes of light of extreme temperatures inside the bubble.
y These flashes of light, known as sonoluminescence, occur as the bubble implodes.
Chemical reactions occurs &yield of photons and ions formed
y Gas bubbles in liquid convert sound energy into liquid.
y It is also called as single bubble sonoluminescenece involve a single gas bubble trapped inside flask by a pressure field.
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THE IDEA OF SONOFUSION
Technically known as acoustic inertial confinement fusion.
In this piezoelectric crystal attached to a liquid-filled flask send pressure waves through the fluid, exciting the motion of tiny gas bubbles.
High temperatures and pressure speculated at the bubble core .
This leading to conditions suitable for thermonuclear fusion.
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BASIC REQUIREMENTS Vacuum pump
Pyrex flask
Piezoelectric crystal
Wave generator
Amplifier Neutron generator
Neutron and gamma ray detector
Photomultiplier
Microphone & speaker
y Dueterated acetone(C3D6O).
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HOW SONOFUSION WORKS Action of vacuum pump to remove natural occuring gas
bubbles in liquid because they cant withstand high temparature&presure.
Fill the flask with deuterated acetone because this atoms can easily undergoes fusion&fiuid can withstand high tension without unwanted bubble.
For initiation an oscillating voltage of 20kHz applied to the ring through wave generator&lifier,then it contract&expand,flask send pressure wave(max 1500kpa ,min -1500kpa) through liquid.
Fire a pulsed neutron generator when pressure reaches to lowest point.
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ACTION IN THE FLASK
Stage (1)
The fast moving neutrons
may knock atoms
nuclei&give their kinetic
energy to liquid
moleculesflying in the
flask create a bubble
cluster(about 1000
bubbles) in the
deuterated acetone
liquid.
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Stage (2)
y By firing neutron generator in low
pressure i.e, negative
pressure in the liquid
makes the bubbles swell
100000 times in size
(from nano to
millimeter-scale).
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Stage 3 y The liquid pressure
turns positive and
compresses the
bubble, causing them
to implode with great
violence&creates
spherical shockwaves
within bubbles.
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Stage(4)
y The implosion creates an instantaneous
pressure of 10 trillion
kilopascals and
temperature of more
than 100 million
degree C, making the deuterium fuse.
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FUSION REACTION
y Deuterium-Deuterium fusion has two probable outputs, helium and a 2.45-MeVneutron or tritium and a proton.
y The energy of 2.45MeV neutron can be harnessed in a reactor to create water vapor &drive an electricity generator.
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EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT TABLETOP NUCLEAR FUSION DEVICE
y We gather two kinds of evidence that the deuterium is fusing.
y The first is by measuring levels of another hydrogen isotope tritium
y The second is neutron emissions detected by the neutron detector.
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ADVANTAGES
y It is self sustaining.
y Easily control.
y Produce more energy than it consumes.
y Low cost.
y Easily available raw materials.
y Environmental friendly.
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APPLICATIONS y The technology might one day, in theory, lead to a new
source of energy. It may result in a new class of low cost
energy.
y Compact detectors for security applications.
y To analyze molecular structure of materials.
y Machines that cheaply manufacture new synthetic materials & efficiently produce tritium, which is used for
medical imaging to watch dials.
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FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS y Fully self-sustained.
neutrons
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CONCLUSION y For more than half a century, thermonuclear fusion has
held out the promise of cheap, clean and virtually limitless
energy.
y 1 gram of deuterium,an isotope of hydrogen,would be equal to produced by burning 7000liters of gasoline.
y Deuterium abundent in ocean water ,1 cubic kilometer of seawater could supply all the worlds needs for several
hundred years.
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REFERENCE
ywww.purdue.edu
ywww.iter.org
ywww.washington.edu
yFuels& combustion-samir sarkar
yPrinciples of inorganic chemistry- puri,sharma,kalia.
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ANY QUERRIES?
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THANK YOU
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