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CANADIAN CENTRE FOR

AGRI-FOOD RESEARCH

IN HEALTH AND MEDICINE

∙ 2015 ACTIVITY REPORT ∙

St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, R2019-351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6 Tel: (204) 237-2570 Fax: (204) 237-4018 Email: [email protected] Web: www.ccarm.ca

mailto:[email protected]

Table of Contents

Message from Centre Leader ............................................................................. 1

List of Members ................................................................................................... 3 Michelle Alfa ....................................................................................................... 7 Michel Aliani ....................................................................................................... 13 Hope Anderson ................................................................................................. 18 Harold Aukema .................................................................................................. 23 Heather Blewett .................................................................................................. 29 Dan Brown ......................................................................................................... 34 Randolph Guzman ............................................................................................ 39 Mohammed Moghadasian ................................................................................. 40 Thomas Netticadan ........................................................................................... 45 Karmin O ........................................................................................................... 47 Grant Pierce ....................................................................................................... 51 Chris Siow .......................................................................................................... 55 Carla Taylor ....................................................................................................... 61 Peter Zahradka ................................................................................................. 71

MESSAGE FROM THE CENTRE LEADER

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Message from the Centre Leader

This was the 10th year of operation of Centre and in late 2015 we were very busy preparing for an anniversary celebration and conference scheduled for early 2016. The Therapeutic Applications of Functional Foods and Bioactives Conference is scheduled for April 21 and 22, 2016 at the St Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre and will feature some 20 speakers, many being PIs and Affiliates of CCARM, reporting on their work on functional foods and health benefits. The 14 Principal Investigators led their respective groups as reported in the last three years but we were very pleased to have nine new affiliate members of CCARM be appointed under our

restructured formal Affiliate Program. We very enthusiastically welcome: Dr Rotimi Aluko, Dept. of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba Dr. Nancy Ames, RCFFN, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Mr. Morag Graham, Dept. of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba Dr. Edmund Lui, Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University Dr. Casey Sayre, College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba Dr. Garry Shen Dept. of Internal Medicine University of Manitoba Dr. Miyoung Suh, Dept. of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba Mr. Alphonsus Utioh, Research & Development Manager, Food Development Ctr

Dr. Gary Van Domselaar, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada

During 2015, the 14 laboratories were very active as evidenced by the receipt of 76 different competitive operation, equipment and salary grants totalling $2,789,286 from a wide range of sources. These resources along with support from St Boniface Hospital, St Boniface Hospital Foundation, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada and the University of Manitoba supported some 97 students, postdoctoral fellows, and staff in addition to the 14 Principal Investigators at the Centre in 2015. There are some very exciting reports described in the individual laboratory outlines along with individual publication, funding and staffing details. I would like to draw attention to just a few of the highlights for 2015. Dr. Michelle Alfa reported on a MSPrebiotic clinical study on the gut of elderly adults and found that the inclusion of a resistant starch prebiotic in their diet altered the microbiome of these elderly adults to be more similar to that of younger healthier adults. Dr. Hope Anderson was the 2015 recipient of the prestigious Leslie F. Buggey professorship in Pharmacy and benefited by a $100,000 boost to her research program. Dr. Heather Blewett was announced as part of a new cross sectional multidisciplinary study entitled “The Manitoba Personalized Lifestyle Research (TMPLR) Program” which was one of only two large grants awarded by Research Manitoba in 2015. Dr. Blewett will lead the nutritional component of TMPLR. Dr. Grant Pierce continued his outreach activities with twelve invited talks at national and International venues and was awarded the Laufberger Medal from the Czech

MESSAGE FROM THE CENTRE LEADER

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Physiological Society and the Czech Medical Society in recognition of scientific excellence and contributions to the enhancement of international scientific collaboration. A press release by Agriculture and Agri and Agri-Food Canada on Dr. Chris Siow, “Lure of the Lingonberry: Win-Win for Northern Agriculture and Heart Health” generated a cascade of other follow up articles and interviews on the potential of Liingonberry for Heart Health. Dr. Carla Taylor, “Manitoba Grown Talent-Dr. Carla Taylor” and “Foods that Target Inflammation”, received considerable popular press coverage and interviews on her research work and clinical trials with Dr. Peter Zahradka on the development cardiovascular health. Dr. Erin Goldberg (with Dr. Michel Aliani) won the 2015 NSERC Science, Action! Award for her video on eggs and omega-3 fatty acids. Crystal Acosta (PhD Student with Dr. Hope Anderson) received a Research Manitoba Studentship and the 2015 JG Fletcher Fellowship for Research in Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals from the University of Manitoba. Melissa Gabbs (MSc Student with Dr. Harold Aukuma) received a 2015 CIHR Canada Graduate Scholarship along with a Tri-Council Top-up Award from the University of Manitoba). Ariful Islam (MSc Student with Dr. Harold Aukuma) received a University of Manitoba Graduate Fellowship. PhD Student, Kabo Masisi, is a winner of the 2015-2016 BMO Financial Group Research Scholarship for Excellence (co-supervised by Drs. Mohammed Mogadesian and Trust Beta). PhD Student, Pema Raj supervised by Dr. Thomas Netticadan, is also a recent winner of the BMO Financial Group Research Scholarship for Excellence. and a “Have a Heart” Travel Bursary from the 2015 Canadian Cardiovascular Congress. Victoria Sid (PhD Student with Dr. Karmin 0) received the CSATVB Young Investigator Award at the 2015 Canadian Cardiovascular Congress in October. PhD Student, Jaime Clark received a University of Manitoba Graduate Fellowship in support of her studies (co-supervised by Drs. Carla Taylor and Peter Zahradka). Youjia Du (PhD Student with Drs. Peter Zahradka and Carla Taylor) received a MITACS award in support of her studies. Dr. Azadeh Yeganeh received the Janice Dodd Award for Excellence in Endocrine Physiology, University of Manitoba (co-supervised by Dr. Peter Zahradka and Dr. Carla Taylor). Cara Isaak (PhD with Dr. Chris Siow received a Research Manitoba PhD studentship award. Stephanie Caligiuri (PhD with Drs. Grant Pierce and Michel Aliani) received a CIHR Doctorial research award and Research Manitoba Scholarship. Thomas Hedley (MSc with Dr. Grant Pierce) received a GETS and MSc Studentship Award and Riya Ganguly (supervised by Dr. Grant Pierce) received a Research Manitoba Scholarship. Congratulations to all the CCARM staff and students for a very productive and successful 2015. Dan Brown Principal Investigator and CCARM Centre Leader

LIST OF MEMBERS

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List of Members

A. Principal Investigators Funding Received

1. Michelle Alfa, PhD: Professor, Department of Medical

Microbiology, University of Manitoba

$308,316

2. Michel Aliani, PhD: Associate Professor, Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba

$139,100

3. Hope. Anderson, PhD: Associate Professor & Graduate Chair, College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba; Adjunct Professor, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba

$247,629

4. Harold Aukema, PhD: Professor, Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba

$295,031

5. Heather Blewett, PhD: Research Scientist, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Adjunct Professor, Departments of Human Nutritional Sciences & Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba

$219,086

6. Dan Brown, PhD: Centre Leader, Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Research Scientist, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Adjunct Professor, Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario; Adjunct Professor, Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba

$245,216

7. Randolph Guzman, MD, FRCSC, FACS, RVT, RPVI: Professor of Surgery and Head, Section of Vascular Surgery, University of Manitoba; Regional Lead, Section of Vascular Surgery, WRHA; Site Medical Manager, Department of Surgery, St. Boniface Hospital

$0

8. Mohammed Moghadasian, PhD: Professor, Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba; Adjunct Professor, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba

$67,500

9. Thomas Netticadan, PhD: Research Scientist, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada; Adjunct Professor, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba

$141,822

10. Karmin O, PhD: Professor, Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba; Adjunct Professor, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba

$36,000

11. Grant Pierce, PhD: Executive Director of Research, St. Boniface Hospital; Professor, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba

$566,311

LIST OF MEMBERS

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12. Chris Siow, PhD: Research Scientist, Agriculture and Agri-

Food Canada; Adjunct Professor, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba

$137,388

13. Carla Taylor, PhD: Professor, Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba; Adjunct Professor, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba

$250,543

14. Peter Zahradka, PhD: Professor, Departments of Physiology and Pathophysiology & Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba; Chair, Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease Group, University of Manitoba

$135,344

TOTAL FUNDING RECEIVED IN 2015: $2,789,286

Back Row: Jaime Clark, MohamedReza Aghanoori (DND), Pengqi Wang, Cara Isaak, Yvette Shang, Adewale Esan, Danielle Lee, Natalie Landry (ICS), Kabo Masisi;

Middle Row: Shivika Gupta (ICS), Megha Murali (ICS), Tara Loader, Victoria Sid, Sirini Amarakoon, Aakangchhya Bhusal, Youjia Du, Krista Filomeno (ICS);

Front Row: Stephanie Caligiuri, Crystal Acosta

LIST OF MEMBERS

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B. Affiliates 1. Rotimi Aluko, PhD: Professor, Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of

Manitoba 2. Nancy Ames, PhD: Research Scientist, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Richardson

Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals & Adjunct Professor, Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba

3. Morag Graham, PhD: Adjunct Professor, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba

4. Edmund Lui, PhD: Associate Professor, Scientific Director, Ontario Ginseng Innovation and Research Consortium, Ontario Research Excellence Program, Ministry of Research and Innovation & Adjunct Professor, University of Western Ontario

5. Casey Sayre, PhD: Assistant Professor, College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba 6. Garry Shen, PhD: Professor, Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of

Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba 7. Miyoung Suh, RD, PhD: Associate Professor, Department of Human Nutritional

Sciences, University of Manitoba 8. Alphonsus Utioh, MSc: Research and Development Manager, Food Development

Centre (Portage la Prairie) 9. Gary Van Domselaar, PhD: Chief, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health

Agency of Canada

C. Visiting Scientists 1. Danielle Stringer

D. Research Associates 1. Caroline Alibin 2. Elena Dibrov

3. Kimberley O’Hara 4. Zongjun Shao

E. Graduate Students 1. Crystal Acosta 2. Bolanle Akinwumi 3. Basma Aloud 4. Sirini Amarakoon 5. Md Ariful Islam 6. Aakangchhya Bhusal 7. Stephanie Caligiuri 8. Li Chen 9. Jaime Clark 10. Cristiana da Costa Luciano 11. Youjia Du 12. Andrea Edel 13. Ala’a Eideh 14. Jennifer Enns 15. Adewale Esan 16. Afroza Ferdouse 17. Melissa Gabbs 18. Riya Ganguly 19. Nora Ghazzawi 20. Erin Goldberg 21. Jessay Gopuran 22. Jennifer Grant

23. Breanne Head 24. Thomas Hedley 25. Lena Hong 26. Naser Ibrahim 27. Cara Isaak 28. Danielle Lee 29. Shan Leng 30. Tara Loader 31. Yan Lu 32. Maira Marques Ribeiro 33. Kabo Masisi 34. Shyamchand Mayengbam 35. Md Monirujjaman 36. Adriana Mudryj 37. John Onuh 38. Pema Raj 39. Colleen Rogers 40. Amalia Santiago 41. Lindsei Sarna 42. Yvette Shang 43. Victoria Sid 44. Linda Siemens

LIST OF MEMBERS

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45. Le Wang 46. Pengqi (Peggy) Wang

47. Azadeh Yeganeh 48. Ruiyin Zhou

F. Technical Staff 1. Alex Austria 2. David Bray 3. Debbie Brisson 4. Patricia DeGagne 5. Danielle (Hanke) Perera 6. Khuong Le 7. Thane Maddaford 8. Sasanda Nimalgoda 9. Nancy Olson

10. Jay Petkau 11. Suvira Prashar 12. Li Ren 13. Shiva Shariati 14. Jo-Ann Stebbing 15. Leslee Tworek 16. Tanja Winter 17. Brenda Wright 18. Liping Yu

G. Research Nurses

1. Wendy Weighell Angela Wilson

H. Undergraduate Students 1. Lucien Cayer 2. Kevin Chaboyer 3. Melissa Kenneth 4. Amy Klann 5. Graham Maddaford 6. Thushara Mohan 7. David Nelson

8. Jordan Nelson 9. Tamara Paetsch 10. Chelsea Penner 11. Ryan Ramjiawan 12. Nikhil Sidhu 13. Melissa Wong 14. Ruiyin Zhou

I. Volunteer Research Assistants 1. Rokiatou Kone Berethe 2. Sarah Landry 3. Sean Prairie

4. Katie Wilson 5. Erika Lee

J. Administrative Staff 1. Tracy Ewonchuk 2. Susan Zettler

MICHELLE J. ALFA – Microbiology Research Laboratory

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Dr. Michelle J. Alfa Microbiology Research Laboratory

This was the year we completed the MSPrebiotic clinical study! The objective was to study the gut microbiome of elderly adults (individuals 70 years and older) compared to younger adults who were 30 to 50 years of age and determine if a resistant starch prebiotic (MSPrebiotic) could alter the microbiome in the elderly so that it was more similar to that of healthy younger adults. This project was funded through MSPrebiotic Inc. and we could not have had better industry contacts for this project than Derek and Earl McLaren. The serum data analysis and the short chain fatty acid (SCFA) analysis have been completed and there are some very exciting data being

generated that will be the basis for potential future clinical studies. The National Microbiology Laboratory has completed the pyrosequencing data for the baseline (week 0) and final stool samples (week 14) from all study participants. We have identified a number of microbiome shifts that are found only in the MSPrebiotic cohorts and will await the statistical analysis of these changes. This year we bid farewell (and congratulations) to David Bray who had decided to undertake his Ph.D. at Boston University in the area of bio-informatics. David contributed a major impact to our MSPrebiotic study as he was totally dedicated, almost “unflappable”, and has lots of computer skills making him an outstanding addition to our laboratory. We wish him luck in his Ph.D. program! We also welcomed two Ph.D. students from Brazil, Maira Marques Ribeiro and Cristiana da Costa Luciano, who started their experimental research program in March of this year (we have never seen two young ladies more excited about seeing snow!). They are both in a sandwich program involving their home university and the University of Manitoba. Maira was with us from March to July 2015 and Cristiana was with us from March to December 2015. Their projects were both aimed at investigating the role of biofilm in flexible endoscopes. We also welcomed back Pat DeGagne who has agreed to re-join our research laboratory after her retirement from DSM. Pat was the original research technologist in this laboratory when it was established within the St. Boniface Research Centre in 1988 by Dr. Kevin Forward. We are excited to have someone with such excellent research skills as Pat in the laboratory. In 2015 we completed the multi-country project to look at environmental cleanliness in ICUs. The support from the St Boniface Hospital ICUs, Infection Prevention and Control as well as Housekeeping was outstanding. We are the only Canadian site involved in this study and are excited as we are the first site to complete Phase I of the study


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before the end of 2014. An abstract on the Phase 1 data from the Canadian and Netherlands sites was presented at the Infectious Disease Week conference in San Diego. This year a major effort was undertaken as a training site for staff from KARL STORZ with respect to cleaning validation testing for flexible endoscopes. There were five KS staff from various key roles at KS who undertook a one-week training program in our laboratory. The reviews of this training session were excellent and credit goes to Nancy Olson for her excellent training skills. In addition we took on a major endoscope cleaning validation project funded by KARL STORZ. This project will provide KS with important data as they revise their endoscope cleaning instructions for submission to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Funding

Name of Granting Agency

Names of

Investigators

Project

Title

Funding Amount for

Current Year

OPERATING:

3M

M. Alfa Multisite evaluation of environmental cleanliness of high-touch surfaces in ICU patient rooms in hospitals in five countries

$30,929

McPharma Neutraceuticals M. Alfa & D. Strang

Impact of MSPrebiotic on gut health in the elderly

$61,190

KARL STORZ M. Alfa Cleaning validation of KARL STORZ flexible endoscopes

$110,431

American Society of Gastroenterology & Endoscopy (ASGE)

M. Alfa & H. Singh

Prevention of biofilm formation in duodenoscopes

$29,156

EQUIPMENT:

Government Services Canada; Innovation program. Contract #: EN579-160097/001/SC

M. Alfa, D. Brown & STERIS; Industrial partner

SICODS Evaluation $76,610

TOTAL FUNDING:

$308,316


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Dr. Michelle Alfa (Principal Investigator) Pat DeGagne (Research Technologist)

Collaborative Activity

Name

Organization

Activity/project title/system

Dr. Morag Graham & Dr. Gary VanDomselaar

National Microbiology Lab Pyrosequencing for MSPrebiotic study

Dr. Rodrigo Franca U of Manitoba, School of Dentistry

Surface analysis for organic residuals on reprocessed surgical instruments

Dr. Lisa Lix U of Manitoba, Bioinformatics

Statistical analysis pyrosequencing data


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Fellows/Students Mentored/Supervised Graduate Students Supervised PhD Cristiana da Costa Luciano Maira Marques Ribeiro MSc Breanne Head Service on Graduate Student Committees PhD Amarnath Pisipati Yanan Wang

Jessica Forbes

Honors & Awards

Best Oral Presentation: Comparison of disposable wipes and reusable cloths for surface disinfection in the healthcare environment, June 15, 2015 at Infection Prevention and Control Canada, Victoria, B.C.

Nancy Olson (Chief Research Technologist) David Bray (Research Technologist)


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Professional Service Committee member for Canadian Standards Association; Z314-8

FDA, committee member for establishing validated testing protocols for clinical diagnostic laboratories related to sampling flexible duodenoscopes

Reviewer for - American Journal of Infection Control, Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Antimicrobial agents and Chemotherapy & Zentral Sterilization

Maira Marques Ribeiro (PhD Student, Brazil) Cristiana da Costa Luciano (PhD Student, Brazil)

Outreach Activity

2015 St. Boniface Research Centre Radioathon

Guest on the “Health Report” on CJOB

Presenter at the Research Foundation Donor Breakfast Session in 2015

Publications Peer-Reviewed Articles Trajtman A, Manickam K & Alfa MJ (2015) Microfiber cloths reduce the transfer of Clostridium difficile spores to environmental surfaces compared to cotton cloths. Am J Infect Control 43:686-689.


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Alfa MJ, Olson N & Murray B-L (2015) Adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP)-based cleaning monitoring in healthcare: How rapidly does environmental ATP deteriorate? J Hosp Infect 90:59-65. Alfa MJ, Lo E, Olson N, MacRae M & Buelow-Smith L (2015) Use of a daily disinfectant-cleaner instead of daily cleaner reduced hospital acquired infection rates. Am J Infect Control 43:141-146. Invited Presentations Dissecting endoscope infection outbreaks, Manitoba CSGNA Conference, Winnipeg, April 18, 2015. Dissecting ERCP endoscope outbreaks, IAHCSMM, Fort Lauderdale, May 3, 2015. Keynote Speaker: Manitoba Community of Women in Engineering, Science, Technology and Trades (MCWESTT). Presentation: Can the ‘Science Syndrome’ bring professional and personal satisfaction for women?, Winnipeg, May 8, 2015. Verification testing for ERCP endoscopes, FDA Summit, Washington, DC, May 14-15, 2015. Unresolved issues in the SGNA Endoscope reprocessing guideline, Round Table at SGNA Conference, Baltimore, May 18, 2015. Skin antisepsis – what are the issues?, CVAA Provincial Conference, Winnipeg, May 29-30, 2015. Current issues in reprocessing medical and surgical instruments, Disinfection, Sterilization, Antisepsis: Principles, Practice, Current Issues, New Research and New Technologies: Preconference of APIC Annual Conference, Nashville, June 26, 2015. Sterilization and high-level disinfection: How clean is clean?, Disinfection, Sterilization, Antisepsis: Principles, Practice, Current Issues, New Research and New Technologies: Preconference of APIC Annual Conference, Nashville, June 26, 2015. Reducing the environmental reservoir risk for HAIs through: Product, protocol & compliance, Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology Annual Conference, Nashville, June 27, 2015. Keynote Speaker: “Special Evening with Dr. Michelle Alfa” organized by SRACA conference organizers. Two presentations: Medical device reprocessing: Can we ban the biofilm? and To clean…or not too clean?, Melbourne, Sept 7, 2015. Monitoring of flexible endoscope cleaning, AGW WGO International Congress, (Gastroenterological Society of Australia), Brisbane, Sept 29 - Oct 2, 2015.

MICHEL ALIANI – Metabolomics Laboratory

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Dr. Michel Aliani Metabolomics Laboratory

I have been on research leave from Jan to July 2015 with no teaching assignments. We were very active in developing the methods required for biological fluids for nutritional metabolomics research. The metabolomics studies conducted in our laboratories has attracted many groups both in Canada and abroad. I continued to receive funding from NSERC Discovery Grant (2014-2019). 3 PhD students have been graduated in 2015. We published 10 papers in peer reviewed journals.

Shiva Shariati-Ievari, Ruiyin Wang, Dr. Michel Aliani, Le Wang, Amalia Santiago


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Funding


Names of

Investigators

Project

Title

Funding Amount for Current Year

OPERATING:

NSERC Discovery M. Aliani Elucidating the role of low molecular weight peptides (< 1 KDa) as Maillard reactant flavour precursors in selected cooked white and red meats using a flavouromics approach

$26,200

Manitoba Agri-Health Research Network

M. Aliani, C. Taylor & P. Zahradka

Urinary and plasma metabolomics studies of fully characterized Saskatoon berry powder (SBP) fortified yogurt in healthy individuals

$16,900

Agri-Food Research and Development Initiative (ARDI

M. Aliani, M. Eskin, P. Zahradka & J. Wigel

Genetic Markers for Flavour Selection in Pork

$84,000

SALARY: University of Manitoba Graduate Fellowship Studentship

A Santiago $12,000

TOTAL FUNDING:

$139,100


Name

Organization


Dr. Lisa Noelle Cooper, PhD

Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, USA

Investigating the age of wild bats and a developed method in my metabolomics laboratory will be used to detect potential markers for age in bats.


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Fellows/Students Mentored/Supervised Graduate Students Supervised PhD Andrea Edel (co-supervised with G. Pierce)

Ala’a Eideh Erin Goldberg

Jennifer Grant (co-supervised with C. Taylor) Shyamchand Mayengbam John Onuh

MSc Amalia Santiago (co-supervised with H. Blewett) Le Wang (co-supervised with C. Taylor)

Ruiyin Zhou

Students Graduated PhD John Onuh Service on Graduate Student Committees PhD Jaime Clark Cara Isaak Sunday Malomo Ifeanyi Nwachukwu

Ethendhar Rajendiran Fatemeh Ramezani Kapourchali Victoria Sid Kun Wang

MSc Aakangchhya Bhusal Nazia Chaity Yu Ming Chen Olena Kloss Ying W. Lao Michelle Leaf

Tara Loader Mark Pinder Umar Rassoul Japandeep Sethi Melissa Tiessen-Dyck Jennifer Vencuran

Professional Service

External NSERC Discovery Grant reviewer Reviewer for: Metabolomics, Meat Science, Journal of Functional Foods, European Journal of Nutrition, Journal of Food Science, PLOS ONE Member, Institute of Food Technology (IFT) Member, Metabolomics Society Member, Analytical Chemistry


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Publications

Peer-Reviewed Articles Edel AL, Rodriguez-Leyva D, Maddaford TG, Caligiuri SPB, Austria JA, Weighell W, Guzman R, Aliani M & Pierce GN (2015) Dietary flaxseed independently lowers circulating cholesterol and lowers it beyond the effects of cholesterol-lowering medications alone in patients with peripheral artery disease. J Nutr 145:749-757. Edel AL, Aliani M & Pierce GN (2015) Stability of bioactives in flaxseed and flaxseed-fortified foods. Food Res Intl 77:140-155. Edel AL, Pierce GN & Aliani M (2015) Age-dependency in the metabolism of flaxseed lignans by healthy adults. J Funct Foods 17:948-957. Grant J, Whitehurst K, Taylor CG, Zahradka P & Aliani M (2015) Urinary metabolomics profile of genetically obese rats using liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry." JJ Biomark 1:1-15. Mughal W, Nguyen L, Pustylnik S, da Silva Rosa SC, Piotrowski S, Chapman D, Du M, Alli NS, Grigull J, Halayko AJ, Aliani M, Topham MK, Epand RM, Hatch GM, Pereira TJ, Kereliuk S, McDermott JC, Rampitsch C, Dolinsky VW & Gordon J (2015) A conserved MADS-box phosphorylation motif regulates differentiation and mitochondrial function in skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle cells. Cell Death Dis 6:e1944 (PMID: 26512955). Onuh JO, Girgih AT, Malomo SA, Aluko RE & Aliani M (2015) Kinetics of in vitro renin and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition by chicken skin protein hydrolysates and their blood pressure lowering effects in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Funct Foods 14:133-143. Pereira TJ, Fonseca MA, Campbell KEl, Moyce BL, Cole LK, Hatch GM, Doucette CA, Klein J, Aliani M & Dolinsky VW (2015) Maternal obesity characterized by gestational diabetes increases the susceptibility of rat offspring to hepatic steatosis via a disrupted liver metabolome. J Physiol 593:3181-3197. Abstracts Mayengbam S, House JD & Aliani M (2015) A non-targeted metabolomics approach to identify potential plasma lipophilic-biomarkers of inadequate vitamin B6 status, induced by low B6 intake, exposure to the anti-B6 factor 1-amino D-proline, or their interaction, in a rat model. Experimental Biology, Boston. Mayengbam S, House JD & Aliani M (2015) A non-targeted metabolomics approach to identify potential plasma lipophilic-biomarkers of inadequate vitamin B6 status, induced by low B6 intake, exposure to the anti-B6 factor 1-amino D-proline, or their interaction, in a rat model. Canadian Nutrition Society, Winnipeg.


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Mayengbam S, House JD & Aliani M (2015) Impact of a vitamin B6-antagonist contained in flaxseed on amino acid metabolism in moderately vitamin B6-deficient rats. Canadian Nutrition Society, Winnipeg. Edel AL, Rodriguez-Levya D, Caligiuri SP, Aliani M, Guzman R & Pierce GN (2015) Dietary flaxseed reduces circulating cholesterol beyond the effects of cholesterol lowering medications in patients with peripheral artery disease. International Atherosclerosis Society, Amsterdam. Onuh JO, Girgih AT, Nwachukwu I, Shariati-Ievari S, Aluko RE & Aliani M (2015) Urinary and plasma metabole changes in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) fed chicken skin protein hydrolysate-containing diets. Canadian Nutrition Society, Winnipeg. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 40:523. Grant J, Whitehurst K, Zahradka P, Taylor C & Aliani M (2015) Investigating the effect of obesity on urinary metabolomic profiles of genetically obese rats using liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight spectroscopy. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Meeting, Winnipeg. Zahradka P, Hanson M, Taylor CG & Aliani M (2015) Relation of hypertension to urinary metabolite profile of pulse-fed spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Meeting, Winnipeg. Goldberg E, Aliani M & House JD (2015) Metabolomic profiling of egg yolk using liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Meeting, Winnipeg. Hanson M, Zahradka P, Taylor CG & Aliani M (2015) Urinary metabolomics profiling of pulse-fed spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR): The relationship to hypertension. 11th Annual International Conference of the Metabolomics Society, San Francisco.

HOPE ANDERSON – Vascular Biology Laboratory

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Dr. Hope Anderson Vascular Biology Laboratory

Dr. Hope Anderson is an Associate Professor and Graduate Chair of Pharmacy with a cross-appointment in the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics in the College of Medicine. The goal of her research program is to understand how risk factors for cardiovascular disease, especially hypertension (high blood pressure), cardiac hypertrophy (abnormal growth of the heart), and diabetes promote the development of heart failure. Her ultimate aim is to identify new therapies, perhaps from a nutritional perspective, that prevent or slow the onset of heart failure. To achieve this aim, Dr. Anderson’s laboratory at the St.

Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre uses several models of cardiovascular disease of escalating complexity ranging from cultured heart muscle cells, to isolated hearts and arteries, to hearts and arteries in vivo. 2015 research in Dr. Anderson’s laboratory focused on the following: • Protective effects of stilbene derivatives on the cardiovascular system. Stilbenoids refer to a family of bioactive polyphenols, and resveratrol (trans-3,5,4’-trihydroxystilbene) is a representative stilbenoid with salutary effects. There are other stilbenoid compounds with therapeutic potential. Gnetol (trans-3,5,2’,6’-tetrahydroxystilbene) is a structural analog of resveratrol from the genus Gnetum. Gnetum species are used in Asian traditional medicine, and Gnetum extracts are widely used as natural health products. Pterostilbene (trans-3,5-dimethoxy-4’-hydroxystilbene) is a dimethylated analog of resveratrol found in grapes and blueberries, and is used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat coronary heart disease. The effects of pterostilbene and gnetol in the brain circulation, heart, and microvasculature were investigated by Crystal Acosta (Ph.D. student), Bolanle Akinwumi (Ph.D. student), and Danielle Lee (M.Sc. student). These students are supported through the University of Manitoba Faculty of Graduate Studies Graduate Enhancement of Tri-Council Stipends program. Manuscripts reporting the results from these studies are in preparation. • Elucidation of novel signaling mechanisms underlying cardiac hypertrophy. A specific example includes regulation of heart muscle cell growth by endocannabinoids. These are bioactive lipids that include amides, esters and ethers of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and occur naturally within our bodies. Ms. Yan Lu (Ph.D. student) is studying drugs that activate the endocannabinoid system, and their ability to protect against cardiac hypertrophy. Indeed, Ms. Lu has identified distinct effects of a peripherally-restricted CB1/CB2 receptor agonist, and is currently investigating how it affects cardiac myocyte mitochondria. This research project is supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Ms. Lu is currently writing her Ph.D. thesis. A manuscript reporting the results from her mitochondrial studies is in preparation.


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Funding


Names of

Investigators

Project

Title


OPERATING:

Canadian Institutes of Health Research EQUIPMENT:

H. Anderson Protective mechanisms of endocannabinoids in cardiac hypertrophy

$125,296

Leslie F. Buggey

H. Anderson Professorship in Pharmacy award $100,000

SALARY

Research Manitoba

Crystal Acosta $6,000

JG Fletcher Fellowship for Research in Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals

Crystal Acosta $14,000

Faculty of Graduate Studies - Graduate Enhancement of Tri-Council Stipends

Danielle Lee $2,333

TOTAL FUNDING:

$247,629

Crystal Acosta Yan Lu Danielle Lee


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Name

Organization


Chris Anderson University of Manitoba Aberrant neurovascular coupling during hypertension

Paul Fernyhough University of Manitoba Effects of cannabinoid receptor antagonism on cardiac myocyte mitochondrial bioenergetics cardiac myocyte mitochondrial bioenergetics

Neal Davies University of Manitoba Cardioprotective actions of stilbenoid polyphenols

Zongjun Shao, Caroline Alibin, Danielle Lee, Yan Lu, Bolanle Akinwumi, Crystal Acosta

Teaching Activity

Natural Products PHRM 3430 College of Pharmacy Pharmacy Seminar I PHRM 7160 College of Pharmacy Pharmacy Seminar II PHRM 7170 College of Pharmacy Drugs in Human Disease II PHAC 4040 Pharmacology & Therapeutics


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Fellows/Students Mentored/Supervised Graduate Students Supervised PhD Crystal Acosta Bolanle Akinwumi

Yan Lu

MSc Danielle Lee Undergraduate Students Supervised Kevin Chaboyer Service on Graduate Student Committees PhD Jamie Clark Andrea Edel

Yongbo She

Kevin Chaboyer, Robert Blaich (SBRC Media Services), Caroline Alibin, Danielle Lee, Crystal Acosta

Honors and Awards

Leslie F. Buggey Professorship in Pharmacy ($100,000)


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Member, University of Manitoba, Faculty of Health Sciences Research Advisory Committee

Member, University of Manitoba Senate Committee on Academic Review Member, Appeals Committee, Faculty of Graduate Studies Member, University of Manitoba Internal Grants Peer Review Committee Member, Program Evaluation Committee, College of Pharmacy Member, Faculty Council, Faculty of Graduate Studies Chair - Graduate Studies Committee, College of Pharmacy Member, Executive Committee, Faculty of Graduate Studies Member, College of Pharmacy Curriculum Program Subcommittee (Clinical and Applied

Sciences Stream Internal Review Committee Member, Canadian Institutes of Health Research Doctoral

Awards.

Publications

Peer-Reviewed Articles Sayre CL, Alrushaid S, Martinez SE, Anderson HD & Davies NM (2015) Pre-clinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characterization of selected chiral flavonoids: Pinocembrin and pinostrobin. J Pharm Pharm Sci 18:368-395. Remsberg CM, Martinez SE, Akinwumi B, Anderson HD, Takemato JK, Sayre CL & Davies NM (2015) Pre-clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and content analysis of gnetol in foodstuffs. Phytother Res 29:1168-1179.

Dr. Hope Anderson, Caroline Alibin, Kevin Chaboyer, Crystal Acosta, Danielle Lee, Yan Lu

HAROLD AUKEMA – Nutritional Lipidomics Laboratory

23

Dr. Harold Aukema Nutritional Lipidomics Laboratory

Bioactive lipids in health and disease Our laboratory has been examining the role of bioactive lipids in normal and diseased tissues and cells. In particular, we study bioactive metabolites of fatty acids called oxylipins. Prostanoids are one class of oxylipins that are blocked by common drugs such as aspirin. Our current work is demonstrating that early dietary interventions (such as with fish oil and soy protein) alter the levels these bioactive compounds. We have developed comprehensive targeted lipidomic analysis in our laboratory and expanded this work from prostanoids to include over 150 oxylipins. This analysis has led to the

discovery of novel compounds in response to dietary interventions (e.g. unique oxylipins produced from dietary flax and canola oil feeding) and unique oxylipin patterns in several types of disorders (e.g. kidney disease, peripheral artery disease, diabetes, obesity) and in response to diet (e.g. dietary lipid and protein). This work also illustrates that fatty acid composition does not necessarily reflect bioactive lipid levels. This has implications for dietary recommendations for fatty acids because they have been based in part on fatty acid composition without knowledge of bioactive lipids.

Dietary interventions in early kidney disease The laboratory also examines the roles of dietary interventions in the early progression of kidney disease. This includes nutritional, functional food and pharmacological interventions in several types of kidney disease, including polycystic kidney disease (using conditional knockout models), obesity related renal disorders and pediatric forms of renal cyst disease. These studies are being carried out in collaboration with investigators at Fujita Health University in Japan. High protein diets in obesity and normal weight Our work on the effects of dietary proteins on normal kidney physiology has implications for the dietary recommendations for dietary protein. Findings in both rat and pig models suggest that, despite the potential benefit of high protein diets on body composition, long-term intakes of protein at the upper limit of the dietary recommendations may compromise renal health. We have also found that high dietary protein ameliorates insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis independent of its effect of reducing obesity, but that the effect of high protein diets on these metabolic syndrome parameters depends on the protein source in the high protein diet.


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Funding


Names of

Investigators

Project

Title


OPERATING:

Canadian Institutes of Health Research

H. Aukema, P. Zahradka & C. Taylor

Effects of dietary essential fatty acids on octadecanoid production and biological actions in obesity-induced inflammation: implications for dietary requirements

$134,793

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada

H. Aukema Effects of diet on oxylipins

$40,000

Canada-Manitoba Agri-Food Research and Development Initiative

H. Aukema Effect of dietary flaxseed on alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) metabolism

$28,021

Canada Foundation for Innovation

H. Aukema Infrastructure Operating Funds

$23,200

SALARY Research Manitoba/Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba

Md Monirujjaman $17,850


Melissa Gabbs $17,500

Tri-Council Top-up award from FGS

Melissa Gabbs $5,000

University of Manitoba Graduate Fellowship

Md Ariful Islam $5,000

Graduate Enhancement of Tri-Council Stipends

Afroza Ferdouse $4,167

Graduate Enhancement of Tri-Council Stipends

Youjia Du $9,000

http://www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/193.html

http://www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/193.html


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Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada/URSA

Chelsea Penner $4,500

University of Manitoba Undergraduate Research Award

Lucien Cayer $6,000

TOTAL FUNDING:

$295,031


Name

Organization


Shizuko Nagao Fujita Health University Models of polycystic kidney disease

Matt Picklo Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Centre

Dietary studies in experimental models

Stefan Somlo/Jing Zhou

Yale University/Harvard University

Establishing the Yale PKD Research Core Center (NIH P30 Core Center Grant)

Fellows/Students Mentored/Supervised

Graduate Students Supervised PhD Jessay Gopuran Naser Ibrahim

Md Monirujjaman Adriana Mudryj (co-supervised with N. Yu)

MSc Md Ariful Islam Afroza Ferdouse Melissa Gabbs

Shan Leng

Undergraduate Students Supervised Lucien Cayer Chelsea Penner

Nikhil Sidhu

Students Graduated PhD Naser Ibrahim


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Service on Graduate Student Committees PhD Pengqi Wang MSc Alaleh Boroomand Youjia Du Lena Hong Alie Johnston

Qian Li Rachel Serle Mihiri Witharana


CIHR Nutrition, Food and Health Peer Review Committee CIHR College of Reviewers NSERC External Reviewer Chair of Membership Committee for the Canadian Nutrition Society Chair of Fort Garry Animal Care Committee Mitacs Grant reviewer Lipids Associate Editor Ad hoc reviewer for European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, PLOS one, Lipids, Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism, Biochimica Biophysica Acta, Journal of Functional Foods, Journal of Neurochemistry, Journal of Nutrition Organizing committee, Northern Great Plains Lipids Conference

Outreach Activity

Poster judge for Child Health Research Day, October Session Chair, Annual Meeting of the Canadian Nutrition Society Reviewer of BMO scholarships for CCARM Gave presentations to PSYC 4520 on animal ethics at the U of M Pre-review of 2 NSERC grants – Taylor, Myrie Chair PhD exam Board member for CanU, a Winnipeg-based charity that runs an after-school program for children from priority schools in Winnipeg and surrounding areas

Publications

Peer-Reviewed Articles Gabbs M, Leng S, Devassy JG, Monirujjaman M & Aukema HM (2015) Advances in our understanding of oxylipins derived from dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids. Adv Nutr 6:513-540.


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Yamaguchi T, Devassy JG, Gabbs M, Ravandi A, Nagao S & Aukema HM (2015) Dietary flax oil rich in α-linolenic acid reduces renal disease and oxylipin abnormalities, including formation of docosahexaenoic acid derived oxylipins in the CD1-pcy/pcy mouse model of nephronophthisis. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 94:83-89. Zhan Y, Shi H, Caligiuri SPB, Wu Y, Declercq V, Taylor CG, Zahradka P, Ogborn MR & Aukema HM (2015) Trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid worsens renal pathology and alters cyclooxygenase derived oxylipins in obesity-associated nephropathy. J Nutr Biochem 26:130-137. Mudryj AN, Aukema HM & Yu N (2015) Intake patterns and dietary associations of soy protein consumption in adults and children in the Canadian Community Health Survey, Cycle 2.2. Br J Nutr 113:299-309. Devassy JG, Caligiuri SPB, Mayengbam S, Ibrahim NHM, Zahradka P, Taylor CG, House JD, Aukema HM. Dietary restriction in moderately obese rats improves body size and glucose handling without the renal and hepatic alterations observed with a high protein diet. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 40:334-42. Ibrahim, NHM, Gregoire M, Devassy JG, Wu Y, Yoshihara D, Yamaguchi T, Nagao S, Aukema HM. Cyclooxygenase product inhibition with acetylsalicylic acid slows disease progression in the Han:SPRD-cy rat model of polycystic kidney disease. Prost Other Lipid Med 116-117C:19-25. Dalvi S, Nguyen H, On N, Mitchell RW, Aukema HM, Miller DW, Hatch GM. Exogenous arachidonic acid mediates permeability of human brain microvessel endothelial cells through prostaglandin E2 activation of EP3 and EP4 receptors. J Neurochem 135:867-79. Abstracts Cayer LGJ, Winter T, Leng S & Aukema HM (2015) The effect of dietary fat on bioactive lipids in rat mesenteric adipose. Undergraduate Student Research Symposium, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg. Sidhu N, Kugita M, Nagao S & Aukema HM (2015) Alterations in bioactive lipids in the jck mouse model of adolescent nephronophthisis reveal potential treatments. 11th Annual Child Health Research Day, CHRIM, Winnipeg, 2015. *Selected for oral presentation. Aukema HM, Devassy JG, Monirujjaman M, Yamaguchi T & Ravandi A (2015) Alterations in renal oxylipins in models of polycystic kidney disease: Potential for cyclooxygenase inhibition for disease treatment. Annual Meeting of the American Society of Nephrology, 2015.


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Hatch GM, Ravandi A & Aukema HM (2015) Human brain microvessel endothelial cells generate bioactive lipids from polyunsaturated fatty acids. Lipid Nutrition and Metabolism Workshop, Winnipeg, June 1. Devassy JG, Yamaguchi T, Gabbs M, Ravandi A & Aukema HM (2015) Omega-3 fatty acids worsen renal disease specific alterations in oxylipin profiles. Lipid Nutrition and Metabolism Workshop, Winnipeg, June 1. Du Y, Aukema HM, Winter T, Ravandi A, Taylor CG & Zahradka P (2015) Oxylipin production from fatty acids is different in growing and quiescent human endothelial cells. Lipid Nutrition and Metabolism Workshop, Winnipeg, May 31. Monirujjaman M, Ravandi A, Devassy JG, Yamaguchi T, Winter T & Aukema HM (2015) Effects of diet and disease on oxylipins in the orthologous Pkd2 mouse model of polycystic kidney disease. Lipid Nutrition and Metabolism Workshop, Winnipeg, May 31. Ibrahim NHM, Yoshihara D, Nagao S, Yamaguchi T & Aukema HM (2015) Dietary soy protein and flax oil effects on cystic kidney disease and oxylipin alteration in the Han:SPRD-Cy rat. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Meeting, Winnipeg, Appl Physiol Nut Metab 40:513, 2015 Mudryj A, Aukema HM, Yu N & deGroh M (2015) Estimation of nutrient intake using results from the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) food frequency data based on the parameters from 24 hour food recall data. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Meeting, Winnipeg, Appl Physiol Nut Metab 40:521. Du Y, Aukema HM, Winter T, Ravandi A, Taylor CG & Zahradka P (2015) Oxylipin production from fatty acids is different in growing and quiescent human endothelial cells. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Meeting, Winnipeg, Appl Physiol Nut Metab 40:509. Caligiuri SPB, Aukema HM, Rodriguez-Leyva D, Ravandi A, Guzman R & Pierce GN (2015) Oxylipins increase the odds of high central aortic blood pressure and are beneficially influenced by dietary flaxseed in patients with peripheral arterial disease. National Student Research Forum, Galveston, April 24. *Awarded 1st place, best oral overall conference presentation Dalvi S, Nguyen HH, On N, Mitchell RW, Aukema HM, Miller DW & Hatch GM (2015) Exogenous arachidonic acid mediates permeability of human brain microvessel endothelial cells through prostaglandin E2 activation of EP3 and EP4 receptors. Experimental Biology, FASEB J 29:715.32. Invited Presentations Dietary seed oil effects on kidney oxylipins reveal surprising effects of fatty acids, American Oil Chemists’ Annual Meeting, Orlando, 2015.

HEATHER BLEWETT – Nutritional Immunology Laboratory

29

Dr. Heather Blewett Nutritional Immunology Laboratory

Dr. Heather Blewett was on maternity leave during March 2015-2016. Science education started early for Madelyn Blewett with blocks showing the elements of the periodic table.

Data collection was completed for the following trial in November 2015: “A dose response, randomized, controlled, double-blind, cross-over trial to determine the LDL cholesterol lowering effects of ground flaxseed in adults with above optimal plasma LDL concentrations”. Analysis of the food records and blood/urine samples for fatty acid composition, mammalian enterolignans and various other metabolites is ongoing. We welcomed Heidi Pylypjuk into the lab in August 2015 as the coordinator for the following project: A randomized, controlled, cross-over trial examining the effect of peas on post-prandial glucose response in healthy adults. This trial is divided into 2 arms. Arm 1=rice vs. peas; Arm 2=potato vs. peas. A total of 24 participants will complete each arm of the trial. Recruitment began in October 2015 and is expected to be completed by December 2016.


30

The food product for the following project was changed from bannock to waffles: “Development of high beta-glucan barley bannock and clinical trial testing of its effect on postprandial glucose and appetite control.” The regulatory approvals are in place and recruitment into the postprandial glucose trial is expected to begin in summer 2016. Through collaboration with the Netticadan lab as part of the project titled, “Examination of the in vivo cardio-protective potential of the berry anthocyanin, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (C3G).” the Blewett lab measured the effect of C3G on T-cell activation in spontaneously hypertensive rats in August-September 2014. We are currently analyzing the data and hope to have some exciting results to report. We have been working on getting an apoptosis assay (programmed cell death) up and running on our flow cytometer for our collaboration with Chris Siow’s lab as part of the project titled, “Lingonberry: Characterization and preserving an emerging bioresource for Canada”. Dr. Blewett is part of a collaborative research team working on a project titled, “The Manitoba Personalized Lifestyle Research (TMPLR) Program”. The objective is to bring together a team of Manitoba researchers to implement a cross-sectional study spanning multiple health and scientific disciplines. This program will identify the complex interactions that exist between lifestyle, genetics and gut microbiota and explore how these relate to risk factors for chronic conditions in Manitoba. The interdisciplinary team is managed by Dr. Peter Jones as the Senior Director and Dr. Meghan Azad as the Junior Director. The research program will be centred on five components: Nutrition (Project lead Dr. Blewett), Physical activity (Project lead Dr. Duhamel), Sleep (Project lead Dr. McMillan), Genetics (Project lead Dr. Eck) and Gut microbiota (Project lead Dr. Khafipour). In collaboration with the other CCARM AAFC research scientists (with Dan Brown as the PI) a project on ginseng berries was approved in 2015. Blewett’s role in the project will be screening ginseng varieties for their immune modulating health benefits.


31

Funding


Names of

Investigators

Project

Title


OPERATING:

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

C. Siow et al. Ligonberry: Characterization and preserving an emerging bioresource for Canada

$1,000


H.J. Blewett, N. Ames & S. Ludwig

Development of high beta-glucan barley bannock and clinical trial testing of its effect on postprandial glucose and appetite control

$17,500


D. Ramdath, H.J. Blewett, S. Tosh, Q. Liu, R. Cao, M. Aliani, & A. Duncan

Blood glucose attenuation and satiety levels in humans following consumption of whole lentil and yellow pea and their food products; effect of processing and starch fractions.

$90,000


T. Netticadan, J. McCallum, C. Kirby, H.J. Blewett & J. Wigle

Examination of the in vivo cardio-protective potential of the berry anthocyanin, cyaniding 3-o-glucoside

$12,500


D Brown, C Siow, T Netticadan, H Blewett

Characterization of Heritage Ginseng

$9,000

SALARY: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Salary Support

$89,086

TOTAL FUNDING:

$219,086


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Name

Organization


Peter Jones, Meghan Azad, Peter Eck, Sharon Bruce, Jared Carlberg, Amir Ravandi, Ehsan Khafipour, Todd Duhamel, Navdeep Tangri, Semone Myrie, Lisa Lix, Diana McMillan, Kristy Wittmeier

University of Manitoba The Manitoba Personalized Lifestyle Research (TMPLR) Program

Dan Ramdath AAFC, Guleph Blood glucose attenuation and satiety levels in humans following consumption of yellow pea and their food products; effect of processing and starch fractions

Nancy Ames AAFC, RCFFN Development of high beta-glucan barley waffles and clinical trial testing of its effect on postprandial glucose and appetite control

Sora Ludwig St. Boniface Hospital Barley and pea postprandial glucose response trials


Graduate Students Supervised PhD Basma Aloud (co-supervised with T. Netticadan)

MSc Amalia Santiago (co-supervised with M. Aliani)

Service on Graduate Student Committees MSc Adrianne Cardillo Danielle Lee


33

Professional Service Member of the SBGH-Research General Safety and Bio-Safety Sub-Committee

Member of AAFC’s Human Research Ethics Committee.

Associate Editor for the journal Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism.

Adjunct Professor in the Departments of Physiology & Pathophysiology and Human Nutritional Sciences

Publications Peer-Reviewed Articles Padhi EM, Blewett HJ, Duncan AM, Guzman RP, Hawke A, Seethararaman K, Tsao R, Wolever TM & Ramdath DD (2015) Whole soy flour incorporated into a muffin and consumed at 2 doses of soy protein does not lower LDL cholesterol in a randomized, double-blind controlled trial of hypercholesterolemic adults. J Nutr 145:2665-2674.

Padhi EM, Ramdath DD, Carson SJ, Hawke A, Blewett HJ, Wolever TM, Vella D, Seetharaman K, Duizer LM & Duncan AM (2015) Liking of soy flour muffins over time and the impact of a health claim on willingness to consume. Food Res Intl 77:491-497.

Ames N, Blewett H, Storsley J, Thandapilly SJ, Zahradka P & Taylor C (2015) A double-blind randomised controlled trial testing the effect of a barley product containing varying amounts and types of fibre on the postprandial glucose response of healthy volunteers. Br J Nutr 113:1373-1383.

DAN BROWN – Bioactives Research Laboratory

34

Dr. Dan Brown

Bioactives Research Laboratory

In 2015, work in the laboratory was supported by three different research operating grants and four equipment grants and was focussed on three different crops; that is, Lingonberries, North American ginseng, and Prunus sp.. The research on lingonberry with Dr. Chris Siow was part of the MSc. thesis work of Ms. Aakangchhya Bhusal and showed that Northern Manitoba-grown fruit had extremely high anti-oxidant levels as compared to Newfoundland greenhouse-grown fruit and the fruit was composed of some 4000 separate

compounds based on a metabolomics screen done in cooperation with Dr. Michel Aliani of CCARM. Based on these and other novel findings in the laboratory of Dr. Chris Siow, a new research proposal was prepared under the lead of Dr. Chris Siow (and subsequently funded) to look at the potential health benefits of these fruits with respect to ischemia/reperfusion protection. Work on evaluating the tremendous compositional and bioactivity variation observed in the North American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) crop continued in 2015 with the completion of a 4-year field trial with the Ontario Ginseng Growers Association and C and R Atkinson Farms of St Williams, Ontario. The cooperation with commercial growers was an important and unique aspect of the work in being able to sample not only experimental material but also commercial material grown under the care and protocols used by commercial growers. Preliminary analysis of the compositional data from the field trial showed that previously observed variability in ginsenoside levels (a measure used to track quality) in commercial material varied by 5-fold between individual clonal lines but did not vary much within clonal lines in the controlled plots. This strongly indicated that ginsenoside content is a genetic trait and can be one criteria used for germplasm improvement and a strong candidate for focus in efforts to stabilize and improve crop quality and subsequent bioactive activity. Work with the laboratories of Dr. Thomas Netticadan and Dr. Chris Siow also showed that phenolics fraction from ginseng berries has strong ischemia/reperfusion protection and the variation in anti-oxidant bioactivity was correlated with the presence and content of five separate compounds in the phenolic fraction. Work will continue on these two aspects of bioactivity. The laboratory completed another long term project that has been on going with the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada London Research and Development Centre as part of a national program on the development of resistance to Plum Pox Virus in Prunus sp. This nationally coordinated project was generously supported for over 15 years by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency and was very capably led since 2011 by Dr. Aiming Wang of the London AAFC Centre. The induction of resistance by use of small interfering RNA species generated by simultaneously targeting the 5’ and 3’ conserved


35

genomic regions of the virus was demonstrated in plum and was an extension of our much earlier work, reported in 2006, that showed the approach was feasible using the model N. benthamiana system. A second approach to generating resistance to this virus by using mutagenesis of in vitro-produced seedlings was also reported on in 2015. Our research work was communicated by three peer reviewed publications and three conference presentations in national and international venues as well as through local interviews, numerous visiting tours at the Centre and through radio discussions on CJOB’s Health Report.

Dr. Miyoung Suh (Affiliate), Dr. Michel Aliani, Dr. Chris Siow, Aakangchhya Bhusal, Dr. Dan Brown


36

Funding


Names of Investigators

Project Title


OPERATING:


C. Siow & D. Brown

Lingonberry: Characterisation and preserving an emerging bioresource for Canada

$15,590


D. Brown et al.

Control of PPV through development of Genetic and Induced Innate Resistance

$62,500


D. Brown, C. Siow, T. Netticadan, H. Blewett


$59,119

EQUIPMENT:


D. Brown Osmometer $7,944


D. Brown UPS battery system $6,091


D. Brown HPLC Autosampler and column $18,379


D. Brown Analytical Balance $3,737

SALARY:


EG Research Technician

$71,856

TOTAL FUNDING:

$245,216


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Name

Organization


Ed Lui University of Western Ontario

Immune regulation / Characterization of Heritage Ginseng

Carl Atkinson Atkinson Farms Field study, ginseng clonal lines

Dr. Aiming Wang London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

Virus infection in Prunus sp.


Graduate Students MSc Aakangchhya Bhusal (co-supervised with C. Siow)

Undergraduate Students Cindy Yan


Member, St. Boniface Hospital Research Enterprise Committee Member, CCARM Program Committee Co-Chair, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Safety Committee Member, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Support Committee Director, Manitoba Agri-Health Research Network Center Leader, CCARM

Publications

Peer-Reviewed Articles Wang A, Tian L, Brown D, Svircev A, Stobbs L & Sanfaçon L (2015) Generation of efficient resistance to plum pox virus (PPV) in Nicotiana benthamiana and Prunus domestica expressing triple-intron-spanned double-hairpin RNAs simultaneously


38

targeting 5’ and 3’ conserved genomic regions of PPV. Acta Hort 1063:77-84. (http://www.actahort.org/books/1063/1063_9.htm). Pandurangana S, Pajak A, Rintoul T, Beyaert R, Hernández-Sebastià C, Brown DCW, & Marsolais F (2015) Soybean seeds overexpressing asparaginase exhibit reduced protein concentration. Physiologia Planterum 155:126-137. Nabuurs MH, McCallum JL, Brown D & Kirby CW (2015) NMR characterization of novel pyranoanthocyanins derived from the pulp of Panax quinquefolius L. (North American Ginseng). Magn Reson Chem doi: 10.1002/mrc.4366 (PMID: 26537015). Abstracts Siow C, Isaak C, Wang P, Brown D & O K (2015) Lingonberry juice supplementation protects kidney from ischemia reprofusion injury. 12th European Nutrition Conference, Berlin, October 20-23. Brown DCW, Lui E, Siow C, Purvir S & Stebbing J (2015) North American Ginseng compositional analysis and efficacy. 63rd International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research, Budapest, August 23-27. Bhusal A, Siow Y & Brown DCW (2015) Evaluation of antioxidant capacity, total phenolics and anthocyanins in lingonberries from Northern Manitoba and Newfoundland. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Meeting, Winnipeg, May 27-31.

Aakangchhya Bhusal and Dr. Dan Brown

http://www.actahort.org/books/1063/1063_9.htm

RANDOLPH GUZMAN – Vascular Surgery Laboratory

39

Dr. Randolph Guzman Vascular Surgery Research

Professor of Surgery and Head, Section of Vascular Surgery University of Manitoba

Regional Lead, Section of Vascular Surgery, WRHA Site Medical Manager, Department of Surgery

St. Boniface Hospital

Dr. Randolph Guzman MD, FRCSC, FACS, RVT, RPVI is the Director of the Vascular Clinical Research Program at the Asper Clinical Research Institute, St. Boniface Hospital which consists of a full time Clinical Research Nurse/Coordinator and two part-time Research Assistants. His experience has included various clinical research trials with the vascular/vascular surgery population including outpatient and inpatient pharmaceutical trials, surgical and endovascular interventions and diagnostic imaging on a local, national, and international level. Dr. Guzman has been a principal investigator for 42 research studies and a co-investigator for 25 research studies. Currently, there are eight clinical trials and two research projects ongoing.

For more information, see his webpage: http://www.sbrc.ca/ccarm/faculty/dr-randy-guzman/

http://www.sbrc.ca/ccarm/faculty/dr-randy-guzman/

MOHAMMED MOGHADASIAN – Pathology Research Laboratory

40

Dr. Mohammed Moghadasian Pathology Research Laboratory

We continued to established cardiovascular and metabolic benefits of wild rice, Saskatoon berries, Chinese germinated brown rice and corn fractions. We completed our previous investigation of combination of wild rice and phytosterols on prevention of atherosclerosis in LDL-R-KO mice. A manuscript was generated and submitted to the Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. We have plans to continue our investigation of possible mechanisms of anti-atherogenic activities of wild rice. We will study metabolic activities of okra. I will apply for URGP and other sources for funding. I will accept new graduate students and post-doctoral fellows. We will conclude our

project on Chinese germinated brown rice. Nora Ghazzawi will complete her MSc program. Kabo Masisi will complete his experiments and start writing up his thesis for 2017 graduation. We will submit new manuscripts for publication.

Nora Ghazzawi, Kabo Masisi, Tamara Paetsch


41

Funding


Names of

Investigators

Project

Title


OPERATING:

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council

M. Moghadasian

Mechanisms of anti-atherogenic activities of wild rice

$28,000

Government of Saudi Arabia M. Moghadasian & N. Ghazzawi

Investigation of cardiovascular benefits of Chinese brown rice

$5,000

Huazhong Agricultural University, China

M. Moghadasian & L. Chan

Lipid profile of seabuckthorn $4,000

ARDI/INR

M. Moghadasian

Anti-diabetic effects of Saskatoon berries

$26,000

SALARY:


Tamara Paetsch

$4,500

TOTAL FUNDING:

$67,500

Kabo Masisi


42


Name

Organization


Garry Shen University of Manitoba Cardiovascular benefits of Chinese germinated brown rice

Trust Beta University of Manitoba Cardiovascular benefits of corn fractions

Rita Rezzani University of Brescia, Italy Aging processes in experimental animals

Charles O. Olaiya University of Ibadan, Nigeria Cardiovascular benefits of okra

Khuong Le


43

Teaching Activity Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals HNSC/FOOD Sc 4540 Human Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural and Food Sciences Nutrition for Health and Changing Lifestyles HNSC 1210 Human Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural and Food Sciences Nutrition Through the Life Cycle HNSC 2130 Human Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural and Food Sciences Seminars in nutrition HNSC 7200 HNS, Human Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural and Food Sciences


Graduate Students Supervised PhD Esan Adewale Kabo Masisi

Li Chen

MSc Nora Ghazzawi Undergraduate Students Supervised Hiba Khawar Rokiatou Kone

Tamara Paetsch

Service on Graduate Student Committees PhD Ala’a Eideh Jennifer Grant

Kabo Masisi Vitoria Ndolo

MSc Manoj Mohan Anthonia Olatinsu

Hui Xu

Professional Service We continued to provide histological services to our colleagues at SBHRC. Editorial Board member for Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry plus Transplant

Research and Risk Management Reviewer for journal articles for several journals Chair, Graduate Studies Committee in HNS


44

Outreach Activity We continued to help with CCARM-related activities including Ag in the City, meeting with visitors, participating in seminars, etc.

Publications

Peer-Reviewed Articles Zhao R, Xie X, Le K, Li W, Moghadasian MH, Beta T & Shen GX (2015) Endoplasmic reticulum stress in diabetic mouse or glycated LDL-treated endothelial cells: Protective effect of Saskatoon berry powder and cyanidin glycans. J Nutr Biochem 26:1248-1253. Esmaeili V, Shahverdi AH, Moghadasian MH & Alizadeh AR (2015) Dietary fatty acids affect semen quality: A review. Andrology 3:450-461. Solati Z & Moghadasian MH (2015) Use of animal models in plant sterol and stanol research. J AOAC Int 98:691-696. Masisi K, Diehl-Jones WL, Gordon J, Chapman D, Moghadasian MH & Beta T (2015) Carotenoids of aleurone, germ, and endosperm fractions of barley, corn and wheat differentially inhibit oxidative stress. J Agric Food Chem 63:2715-2724. Moghadasian MH, Moghadasian P, Le K, Hydamaka A & Zahradka P (2015) Lipid analyses of four types of fish from Manitoba lakes. EC Nutr 1:41-48. Masisi K, Beta T & Moghadasian MH (2015) Antioxidant properties of diverse cereal grains: A review on in vitro and in vivo studies. Food Chem 196:90-97. Moghadasian MH, Tan Z, Le K & Shahidi F (2015) Anti-atherogenic effects of enzymatic synthesized phytosteryl oleates in apo-E deficient mice. J Func Foods 2016;21: 97-103 Abstracts Masisi K, Le K, Beta T & Moghadasian MH (2015) The effects of corn fractions on cardiovascular risk factors in low density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice. American Association of Cereal Chemists International Centennial Meeting, St. John’s. Masisi K, Le K, Ghazzawi N, Paestch T, Beta T & Moghadasian MH (2015) Corn fractions differentially modify cardiovascular risk factors in LDL receptor knockout mice. International Society for Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Conference, China. Masisi K, Le K, Diehl-Jones WL, Moghadasian MH & Beta T (2015) Antioxidant properties and antiatherogenic effects of corn fractions in LDL receptor knockout mice. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Meeting, St. John’s.

THOMAS NETTICADAN – Heart Failure Research Labratory

45

Dr. Thomas Netticadan Heart Failure Research Laboratory

In 2015, we examined the cardioprotective effects of the bioactives, cyanidin glucoside and resveratrol in an animal model of hypertensive heart disease and ischemic heart disease, respectively, as well as in an in vitro model of heart disease – diseased adult rat cardiomyocytes. In addition, we also examined the protective effects of conjugated linoleic acid in our in diseased adult rat cardiomyocytes. The molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of these bioactives were examined in a cell culture model of heart disease and in the heart tissues from the animal models. In 2015, we also collaborated with Dr. Michel Aliani on his project examining the

antioxidant effects of chicken skin peptides, and with Dr. Harold Aukema on his project examining the cardioprotective effects of dietary proteins and oils in an animal model of chronic kidney disease.

Funding


Names of

Investigators

Project

Title


OPERATING: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

T. Netticadan, J. McCallum, H. Blewett & J. Wigle

Examination of the in vivo cardioprotective effect of the berry anthocyanin cyanidin 3-O-glucoside in an animal model of heart disease

$33,172

SALARY:

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Salary Support

$68,000

St. Boniface Hospital Foundation Studentship

Pema Raj

$22,650

Libyan Program for International Education Scholarship

Basma Aloud $18,000

TOTAL FUNDING: $141,822

THOMAS NETTICADAN – Heart Failure Research Labratory

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Fellows/Students Mentored/Supervised Graduate Students Supervised PhD Basma Aloud (co-supervised with H. Blewett) Pema Raj

Service on Graduate Student Committees PhD Shivika Gupta Raghu Nagalingam MSc Danielle Lee

Professional Service Served as the Chair of the "Cardioprotection with Phytochemicals" session in the International Symposium on Phytochemicals in Medicine and Food held in Shanghai, China in June 2015. Chair, Local Animal User Committee, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre

Outreach Activity

Coordinator, CCARM Food for Thought Seminar Series

Publications Peer-Reviewed Articles Raj P, Zieroth S & Netticadan T (2015) An overview of the efficacy of resveratrol in the management of ischemic heart disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1348:55-67.

Invited Presentations Cardioprotection with polyphenols, International Symposium on Phytochemicals in Medicine and Food, Shanghai, June 2015.

KARMIN O – Integrative Biology Laboratory

47

Dr. Karmin O Integrative Biology Laboratory

Our current research mainly focuses on the molecular mechanisms of metabolic disorders, ischemia-reperfusion induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and health related benefits of agriculture products in humans and animals. Specifically, we investigate molecular mechanisms and cellular targets in multi-experimental models including (1) antioxidant properties using the in vitro and in vivo assays, (2) inflammatory responses by measuring biomarkers to detect inflammation in humans and livestock at the molecular, protein and gene levels, (3) regulation of lipid metabolism, and (4) functional evaluation including blood

parameters, lipoprotein profile, enzyme activities, cardiovascular, liver and kidney functions. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that are responsible for abnormalities in blood vessels and multiple organs is important in developing effective strategies for treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease and renal dysfunction associated with a single or multiple risk factors i.e. hyperhomocysteinemia, obesity, dyslipidemia, fatty liver disease, kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury. functional evaluation including blood parameters, lipoprotein profile, enzyme activities, cardiovascular, liver and kidney functions. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that are responsible for abnormalities in blood vessels and multiple organs is important in developing effective strategies for treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease and renal dysfunction associated with a single or multiple risk factors i.e. hyperhomocysteinemia, obesity, dyslipidemia, fatty liver disease, kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury.


48

Funding


Names of

Investigators

Project

Title


OPERATING:


K. O

Regulation of cystathionine-beta-synthase (CBS) mediated hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production and its biological function

$36,000

TOTAL FUNDING:

$36,000

Teaching Activity

Special Physiology PHGY7030 Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine Advanced Applied Animal Nutrition ANSC 7540 Animal Science, Agricultural and Food Sciences Advanced Animal Science Seminar ANSC7390 Animal Science, Agricultural and Food Sciences Cell Biology IMED7090 Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine

Fellows/Students Mentored/Supervised Graduate Students Supervised PhD Lindsei Sarna (co-supervised with C. Siow) Yvette Shang

Victoria Sid Pengqi (Peggy) Wang

MSc Sirini Amarakoon Undergraduate Students Melissa Wong (co-supervised with C. Siow) Students Graduated Lindsei Sarna (PhD) (co-supervised with C. Siow) Pengqi (Peggy) Wang (PhD)


49

Service on Graduate Student Committees PhD Jessay Devassy Andrea Edel

Yan Lu Shyamchand S.Mayengbam

MSc Dorothy Moseti Sara Raposo

Ruiyin Zhou

Honours and Awards Original paper (Sid et al 2015, Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 309:R1215-R1225) was selected as one of the 8 best original research papers (APSselect Dec 2015) published by the American Physiological Society. This article was selected from the most outstanding recently published papers from the ten research journals that are published by the American Physiological Society.

Back Row: Yvette Shang, Dr. Karmin O, Victoria Sid, Sirini Amarakoon

Front: Pengqi Wang


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Publications

Peer-Reviewed Articles Sid V, Wu N, Sarna LK, Siow YL, House JD & O K (2015) Folic acid supplementation during high fat diet feeding restores AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation via an AMP-LKB1 dependent mechanism. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 309:R1215-R1225. Isaak CK, Petkau JC, O K, Debnath SC & Siow YL (2015) Manitoba lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea) bioactivities in ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Agric Food Chem 63:5660-5669. Sarna LK, Siow YL & O K (2015) The CBS/CSE system: a potential therapeutic target in NAFLD? Can J Physiol Pharmacol 93:1-11. Abstracts Wu N, Sid V, Sarna L, Siow YL & O K (2015) Dietary regulation of hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis in NAFLD. Canadian Lipoprotein Conference, Toronto, October 15-18. Sid V, Wu N, Sarna L, Siow YL & O K (2015) Regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase and cholesterol biosynthesis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Canadian Cardiovascular Congress, Toronto, October 24 – 27.

Siow Y, Isaak C, Wang P, Brown D & O K (2015) Lingonberry juice supplementation protects kidney from ischemia reperfusion injury. 12th European Nutrition Conference, Berlin, October 20-23. Ann Nutr Metab 67 (Suppl 1):264. O K, Wu N, Sarna LK & Siow Y (2015) Dysregulation of hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis in diet-Induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. XVII International Symposium of Atherosclerosis, Amsterdam, May 23-26, ID 592. O K, Wang P, Isaak CK & Siow YL (2015) Reduction of endogenous hydrogen sulfide generation increases cytokine expression in kidney ischemia–reperfusion injury. 3rd European Conference on the Biology of Hydrogen Sulfide H2S, Athens, May 3-6, Abs PP6. Nitric Oxide 47 (Suppl):S15-S16. Sid V, Shang Y, Sarna L, Wang P, Siow YL & O K (2015) Supplementation of folic acid attenuates hepatic inflammation in high fat diet fed mice. Experimental Biology 2015, Boston, March 28-April 1. FASEB J 29 (1 Suppl):884.45.

GRANT N. PIERCE – Cell Biology Laboratory

51

Dr. Grant N. Pierce Cell Biology Laboratory

I am pleased to report that we have had another successful year of research in 2015. Our research focus on flaxseed has resulted in 3 more peer reviewed papers. Another paper on trans fats continues our interest in the deleterious effects of this nutritional component on our cardiovascular health. In two more publications, the molecular mediators of cardiovascular disease have been discussed as well as the mechanism whereby cells become aware of their environment and stresses and

respond appropriately under both healthy and disease conditions. I am proud of the work done by our team to generate these findings. Our students in particular have been recognized for their contributions in research with 12 awards last year alone. Their dedication and enthusiasm for science is what keeps me motivated and ready for yet another year of discovery and advancements in medical research. My thanks to the infrastructure provided by the University of Manitoba, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, St Boniface Hospital and St Boniface Hospital Foundation as well as the many funding organizations which directly contribute to our work and make it all possible. Without the incredible support staff we have throughout the research enterprise at St Boniface Hospital, we could not complete a fraction of the work that we do. THANK YOU ALL!!

Back Row: Thane Maddaford, Jordan Nelson, Stephanie Caligiuri, Dr. Grant Pierce Front Row: Elena Dibrov, Alex Austria, Andrea Edel


52

Funding


Names of

Investigators

Project

Title


OPERATING: Canadian Institutes of Health Research

G. Pierce

Regulation of nuclear protein import in cardiovascular states

$107,415


G. Pierce

The anti-hypertensive action of dietary flaxseed in hypertensive patients

$124,916


G. Pierce

The use of flaxseed as a dietary intervention to modify cardiovascular disease

$140,565

Agri-Food Research and Development Initiative (ARDI)

G. Pierce

The effect of dietary flaxseed on patients with high blood pressure

$45,387

Western Grains Research Foundation

G. Pierce The effect of dietary flaxseed on patients with high blood pressure

$52,195

SaskFlax G. Pierce

The Hyperflax Trial

$50,000

SALARY:

CIHR Doctoral Research Award Stephanie Caligiuri

$23,333

Research Manitoba Scholorship

Stephanie Caligiuri

$6,000

GETS and MSc Studentship Award

Thomas Hedley $10,500

Research Manitoba Scholorship

Riya Ganguly $6,000

TOTAL FUNDING:

$566,311


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Teaching Activity

Hemodynamics and Atherosclerosis, Dept. of Physiology and Pathophysiology

Fellows/Students Mentored/Supervised Graduate Students Supervised PhD Stephanie Caligiuri Andrea Edel

Riya Ganguly

MSc Thomas Hedley Undergraduate Students SupervisedMelissa Kenneth Graham Maddaford

David Nelson Jordon Nelson

Service on Graduate Student Committees PhD Crystal Acosta Pema Raj MSc Tara Loader Rachel Searle

Victoria Sid


Member, Board of Directors of the Manitoba Medical Service Foundation Member, Board of Directors of the International Academy of Cardiovascular Sciences Member, Board of Directors, Diabetes Research and Treatment Centre Member, Genome Prairie Board of Directors Member, Executive Council, International Academy of Cardiovascular Sciences. Member, Board of Directors of Friends of CIHR President, International Academy of Cardiovascular Sciences, North American Section

Honors & Awards

Laufberger Medal from the Czech Physiological Society and the Czech Medical Society in Recognition of Scientific Excellence and Contributions to the Enhancement of International Scientific Collaborations.


54

Publications Peer-Reviewed Articles Deniset JF & Pierce GN (2015) Heat shock proteins: Mediators of atherosclerotic development. Curr Drug Targets 16:816-826. Ganguly R & Pierce GN (2015) The toxicity of dietary trans fat. Food Chem Toxicol 78:170-176. Edel AL, Rodriguez-Leyva D, Maddaford TG, Caligiuri SPB, Austria JA, Weighell W, Guzman R, Aliani M & Pierce GN (2015) Dietary flaxseed independently lowers circulating cholesterol and lowers it beyond the effects of cholesterol-lowering medications alone in patients with peripheral arterial disease. J Nutr 145:749-757. Chahine MN, Mioulane M, Sikkel MB, O’Gara P, Remedios CG, Pierce GN, Lyon AR, Foldes G & Harding SE (2015) Nuclear pore rearrangements and nuclear trafficking in cardiomyocytes from rat and human failing hearts. Cardiovasc Res 105:31-43. Edel AE, Aliani M & Pierce GN (2015) Stability of bioactives in flaxseed and flaxseed-fortified foods. Food Res Int 77:140-155. Edel AE, Pierce GN & Aliani M (2015) Age dependency in the metabolism of flaxseed lignans by healthy adults. J Funct Foods 17:948-957. Invited Presentations Society for Clinical Research Associates Annual Meeting, Denver, USA 2015 Canadian Hypertension Congress, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada XI World Congress of the International Society for Adaptive Medicine, Yonago, Japan European Section Meeting of the International Academy of Cardiovascular Sciences,

Belgrade, Serbia Advances in Cardiovascular Research from Bench to Bedside, International

Symposium, Congress Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia

Plenary Speaker, Natural Products Expo West, Anaheim Convention Center, Anaheim, California, USA

25th Scientific Forum of the Saint Francis of Assisi Cardiovascular Foundation – Servcor, Vitoria, Brazil

Plenary Speaker, 3rd Postdoctoral Joint Meeting, Buenos Aires, Argentina Plenary Speaker, Grainworld 2015, Canada’s Annual Ag Outlook Forum Winnipeg,

Manitoba, Canada Cardiac Signalling Center, Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, University of South

Carolina, Charleston, USA The Bures Lecture, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic The 2nd Annual Joint Cellular and Molecular Medicine / Neuroscience Research Day,

University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada

CHRIS SIOW – Innovative Therapy Research Laboratory

55

Dr. Chris Siow Innovative Therapy Research Laboratory

The research focus of our laboratory remains to be Evidence-Based Agri-Food with the aims to study how agri-food and herbal medicinal products exert their effects and to develop innovative strategies for disease prevention and management. Three AAFC-funded projects were in progress this fiscal year. In the first project (Lingonberry: Characterization and Preserving an Emerging Bioresource for Canada), the health benefits of Northern Manitoba lingonberry was characterized and the results published. In the second project (Developing innovative

technologies to accelerate industry transition from “wild” to cultivated cool climate berry crop production systems), a study on the effects of blueberry extracts on oxidative stress in H9c2 cells was conducted. Twelve blueberry cultivar samples were extracted and tested for their ability to reduce oxidative stress induced by simulated ischemia-reperfusion. None of the samples were found to significantly reduce intracellular oxidative stress. In the third project initiated this year, it was proposed to discover new health attributes and bioactives that will be used to establish a stable and superior ginseng germplasm for Canadian grown ginseng to ensure the future sustainable production and sales of this high quality crop. The approach can be used as a model for the application of genomics and targeted germplasm improvement for valued attributes associated with human health. Following an AAFC news release entitled “Lure of the Lingonberry: Win-Win for Northern Agriculture and Heart Health” from the Public Affairs Branch of AAFC on the lingonberry research conducted by my team, there was a tremendous response from print and online media. Following subsequent news report in regional and local print media and live radio interviews there have been several enquiries from growers in Quebec and Manitoba. Additionally, listeners of the radio interviews have complimented our team in bringing the ‘ground-breaking” research to the public domain and making known the health benefits of the lingonberries (known as low-bush cranberry in northern Manitoba/Saskatchewan or mossberry in Lynn Lake) to the northern communities. Callers from Churchill, Thompson and Lynn Lake, Manitoba and from Creighton, Saskatchewan have commented that they have seen lots of these berries in the wild and some did not even know the proper name for them until they have associated what they have heard from my radio interviews and the picture that was posted online by the radio show host. Dave Buck, a retired manager of the Northern Forest Diversification Centre in Manitoba, later emailed me that he was excited about the opportunities for northern communities, both economically and nutritionally and made suggestions for potential developments to both provincial and federal officials. My PhD student, Cara Isaak, was also invited to write a chapter entitled, “Lingonberry: A superfood for Canada’s climate” in the book, The 2016 Prairie Garden. Our laboratory was also involved in engaging the public through our exhibit at the 100th Anniversary of Morden Research Station. Thus, through the research on lingonberry by my team, we have


56

brought awareness, from general to specific knowledge, of this emerging bioresource to the Canadian public and touched the lives of many. The laboratory also had a returning summer research student to assist in its research activities: Melissa Wong, is an undergraduate B.Sc. (Genetics) student from Western University.

Funding


Names of

Investigators

Project

Title


OPERATING:


C. Siow et al. Lingonberry: Characterization and Preserving an Emerging Bioresource for Canada

$17,310


S. Debnath et al.

Developing innovative technologies to accelerate industry transition from “wild” to cultivated cool climate berry crop production systems

$10,000


D Brown, C Siow, T Netticadan, H Blewett


$17,500

SALARY:

Research Manitoba PhD Studentship

Cara Isaak $17,850


Technical Assistant

$74,728

TOTAL FUNDING:

$137,388


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Name

Organization


Samir Debnath Atlantic Cool Climate Crop

Research Centre, St John’s, NL

Bioactivity/lingonberry cultivars from Atlantic Canada, Europe

Kelly Ross Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Summerland, BC

Bioactivity/Lingonberry-derived polysaccharides

Visit from Dr. Brian Gray (Assistant Deputy Minister, Science & Technology Branch, AAFC) Suvira Prashar, Cara Isaak, Melissa Wong, Dr Brian Gray & Dr. Chris Siow

Teaching

Fundamentals of Medical Physiology PHGY 1030 Physiology & Pathophysiology/Health Sciences Physiology & Pathophysiology for Physician Assistants I PAEP 7000 Physiology & Pathophysiology/Health Sciences Neurosciences: Neurotransmission & Neurotransmitters PGY- PGY-4 Didactic Seminar Series Psychiatry/Health Sciences


58


Graduate Students Supervised PhD Cara Isaak Lindsei Sarna (co-supervised with K O) MSc Aakangchhya Bhusal (co-supervised with D Brown)

Undergraduate StudentsMelissa Wong (co-supervised with K O) Students Graduated PhD Lindsei Sarna (co-supervised with K O) Service on Graduate Student Committees PhD Victoria Sid

MSc Amalia Santiago Le Wang

Outreach Activity

Ag in the City Winnipeg Free Press (March 31, 2015) interview for article “Superfruit even more super grown here”. CBC Radio One’s Noon Show (April 1, 2015 hosted by Janet Stewart ) live interview on “Lingonberry research for Northern Manitoba” The Western Producer (May 14, 2015) interview for article, “Growers wanted to test lingonberry hybrids”. CBC Radio One’s Weekend Morning Show (May 9, 2015 hosted by Terry MacLeod) live interview on “Lingoberry research shows Manitoba berries much higher in super food properties” Manitoba Co-operator (June 24, 2015) interview for article, “Wild or farmed? Lingonberries seek place in Manitoba agriculture”.


59

Publications

Peer-Reviewed Articles Isaak CK, Petkau JC, O K, Debnath SC & Siow YL (2015) Manitoba lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea) bioactivities in ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Agric Food Chem 63:5660-5669. Sid V, Wu N, Sarna LK, Siow YL, House J & O K (2015) Folic acid supplementation during high fat diet feeding restores AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation via an AMP-LKB1 dependent mechanism. Amer J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 309:R1215-R1225. This article was selected as one of the 8 best original research papers (APSselect Dec 2015) published by the American Physiological Society. This article was selected from the most outstanding recently published papers from the ten research journals published by the American Physiological Society.

Abstracts O K, Wang P, Isaak CK & Siow YL (2015) Reduction of endogenous hydrogen sulfide generation increases cytokine expression in kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury. 3rd European Conference on the Biology of Hydrogen Sulfide H2S, Athens, May 3-6, Abs PP6. Nitric Oxide 47 (Suppl):S15-S16. O K, Wu N, Sarna LK & Siow Y (2015) Dysregulation of hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis in diet-Induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. XVII International Symposium of Atherosclerosis, Amsterdam, May 23-26, ID 592. Bhusal A, Siow Y & Brown D (2015) Evaluation of antioxidant capacity, total phenolics and anthocyanins in lingonberries (Vaccinium vitis-idaea) from northern Manitoba and Newfoundland. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Meeting, Winnipeg, May 28-30. Sid V, Shang Y, Sarna L, Wang P, Siow YL & O K (2015) Supplementation of folic acid attenuates hepatic inflammation in high fat diet fed mice. Experimental Biology 2015, Boston, March 28-April 1. FASEB J 29 (1 Suppl):884.45 Brown DCW, Siow Y, Lui E, Stebbing J & Prashar S (2015) Active component composition and efficacy variability in North American ginseng. 63rd International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research, Budapest, August 23-27. Siow Y, Isaak C, Wang P, Brown D & O K (2015) Lingonberry juice supplementation protects kidney from ischemia reperfusion injury. 12th European Nutrition Conference, Berlin, October 20-23. Ann Nutr Metab 67 (suppl 1):264.


60

Sid V, Wu N, Sarna L, Siow Y & O K (2015) Regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase and cholesterol biosynthesis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Canadian Cardiovascular Congress, Toronto, October 17-20. Can J Cardiol 31 (Suppl):S232-S233. Invited Presentations Carleton Breakfast Club, Manitoba Legislature

Cara Isaak and Dr. Chris Siow

CARLA TAYLOR – Metabolic Nutrition Laboratory

61

Dr. Carla Taylor Metabolic Nutrition Laboratory

The Metabolic Nutrition Laboratory focuses on the investigation of dietary components and their effects on metabolism, particularly in the context of obesity and insulin resistance as these are key factors leading to the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The scientific approach uses dietary interventions in both animal models and human studies, and investigates their effects at the whole body to molecular levels. Research in progress this year included the investigation of plant-based versus marine-based omega-3 fatty acids in a model of obesity and insulin resistance, effects of conjugated linoleic acid using cultured adipocytes and a mouse model of obesity, effects of dietary fatty acids and their oxylipin metabolites on endothelial cells, and application of metabolomics to elucidate

biomarkers of obesity and biomarkers associated with the positive effects of pulses on blood pressure and large artery remodelling in rodent models. Several human studies were in progress, including those investigating canola oil in individuals with metabolic syndrome, bioavailability of compounds present in dried beans and lentils, glycemic index and bioavailability of compounds in Saskatoon berry frozen yogurt, and identifying blood biomarkers present in peripheral artery disease. Recruitment was completed at our site for our involvement in a multi-site trial (Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, Laval University, University of Toronto and Pennsylvania State University) investigating effects of canola oil on body composition and lipid metabolism in participants with metabolic syndrome. Our site and Penn State conducted an assessment of vascular function known as flow-mediated dilatation (FMD); we received valuable training in this procedure from our colleagues at Penn State and hope to apply it in future studies at CCARM.

Several multi-year grants, as principal investigator (PI) and co-investigator (Co-I), were in progress. As Co-I, new funding was obtained to continue our research on buckwheat (Agri-food Research Development Initiative) and pulses/dried beans (Manitoba Pulse Growers Association), and blood biomarkers of disease (MITACs).

This was a very good year for publications: 11 refereed publications and 1 commentary; each of these publications represents long-standing multi-disciplinary collaborations. The publications include both animal models and human studies and report on the effects of conjugated linoleic acid, zinc, high protein diets, or barley tortillas in relation to metabolic disease as well as stability of blood biomarkers and metabolomics markers for obesity, and the diets of older marathon runners. There were 3 refereed papers in Nutrition Review, a high impact journal (IF=6.1) for the nutrition field. The research program and key findings were communicated to the public via articles in Growing News 2015 (Manitoba Grown Talent-Dr. Carla Taylor, and Foods that Target Inflammation) and the Fall issue of Believe magazine, St. Boniface Hospital


62

(Taking the pulse of vascular health: Research points to the health benefits of Manitoba crops) as well as being interviewed on CJNU Radio about our clinical studies.

The laboratory is also very active in training. In 2015, there were 5 MSc students (of whom 2 defended) and 5 PhD students (of whom 2 defended) who were in co-supervised multi-disciplinary programs where I provide the metabolism and nutritional sciences expertise. In addition, there were technical staff, including our research nurse and study coordinators. Several of the trainees had scholarship funding from the Food Advancement through Science and Technology (FAST) program, a NSERC CREATE grant held by the University of Manitoba and Laval University, and are gaining additional experiences and skills through conference planning and participation, workshops, etc. The trainees were active presenting their research at local, national and international conferences (19 abstracts). Lena Hong was selected as one of 8 graduate students from across Canada to participate in the graduate student oral competition at the Canadian Society for Nutrition (CNS) Annual Meeting. Two other trainees (supervised by others) who were provided tissues or completed their animals studies with our group were also selected to participate in the oral and poster competitions at CNS.

Overall, it has been a very successful year and we look forward to continued success next year.

Back Row: Angela Wilson, Azadeh Yeganeh, Jaime Clark, Dr. Peter Zahradka, Dr. Carla Taylor, Youjia Du, Front Row: Danielle Perera, Melissa Gabbs, Megha Murali, Erika Lee


63

Funding


Names of

Investigators

Project

Title


OPERATING: Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)


Effects of dietary essential fatty acids on octadecanoid production and biological actions in obesity-induced inflammation:

$134,793 (included in funding total for H. Aukema)

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)

C. Taylor Metabolic and immune functions of zinc

$33,000

Manitoba Energy, Science and Technology

C. Taylor et al "Foods for Health" portfolio of functional food products: Effects on blood glucose and lipid management in individuals with pre-type 2 diabetes mellitus

$100,000

Manitoba Pulse Growers Association

P. Zahradka & C. Taylor

Characterization of bioactive compound absorption and excretion, and relationship to improvements in cardiovascular function

$20,000 (included in funding total for P. Zahradka



Effects of black and navy beans on blood vessel function and remodeling


Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada/Canola Canada-Canola Science Cluster

C. Taylor & P. Zahradka

Effects of Canola Oil on Body Composition and Lipid Metabolism in Participants with Metabolic Syndrome/Canola Oil Multi-Centre Intervention Trial 2 (COMIT II)

$72,876

MAHRN

M Aliani CoI: C Taylor, P Zahradka, C Siow, D Brown

Canadian climate advantage (CCAD) validation - Urinary and plasma metabolomics studies of fully characterized Saskatoon berry powder (SBP) fortified yogurt in healthy individuals

$30,667


64

St Boniface Hospital Research Foundation


Gift from Dr. K. Clark




Breeding of buckwheat varieties with novel characteristics and health benefits


SALARY: University of Manitoba Graduate Fellowship

Jaime Clark (co-supervised with P. Zahradka)

$14,000

TOTAL FUNDING:

$250,543


65


Name

Organization


R. Bell, L. McCargar, C. Chan, S. Proctor, J. Ozga, D. Wishart

University of Alberta Substantiating a health claim for pulses (beans and peas) and cholesterol-lowering)

D. Ramdath, T. Wolever & C. Siow

AAFC, Guelph, University of Toronto/Glycemic Index Testing & CCARM

AAFC Science Substantiation Project on lentils

J. Buckley, et al University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia

Impact of Pulse-enriched Foods on Cognitive Function and Cardiometabolic Health in Obese Adults

E. Klodas & S. Kopecky,

Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

"Foods for Health" portfolio of functional food products

J. Wigle University of Manitoba

Sex-dependent effects of adiponectin on metabolic disease risk

S. West & P. Kris-Etherton

Penn State University Vascular Function for Effects of Canola Oil on Body Composition and Lipid Metabolism in Participants with Metabolic Syndrome / Canola Oil – Multi-Centre Intervention Trial (COMIT-II)

H. Aukema University of Manitoba

Roles of dietary fatty acids and oxylipins in obesity and inflammation

M. Aliani University of Manitoba

Metabolites associated with pulse consumption and with obesity


66

Teaching

Cell Biology of Nutrient Responses HNSC 7560 Seminar in Foods and Nutrition Research (M.Sc.) HNSC 7200 Advanced Seminar in Human Nutritional Sciences (Ph.D.) HNSC 7200 Macronutrients and Human Health HNSC 3310

Fellows/Students Mentored/Supervised Graduate Students Supervised PhD Jaime Clark (co-supervised with P. Zahradka) Youjia Du (co-supervised with P. Zahradka)

Jennifer Enns (co-supervised with P. Zahradka)

Jennifer Grant (co-supervised with M. Aliani) Azadeh Yeganeh (co-supervised with P. Zahradka)

MSc Lena Hong (co-supervised with P. Zahradka) Tara Loader (co-supervised with P. Zahradka) Colleen Rogers

Linda Siemens (co-supervised with P. Zahradka) Le Wang (co-supervised with M. Aliani)

Students Graduated Jennifer Enns (PhD) (co-supervised with P. Zahradka) Lena Hong (MSc) (co-supervised with P. Zahradka) Service on Graduate Student Committees PhD Stephanie Caligiuri Andrea Edel

Nanan Yang

MSc Jutika Datar Kristen Fleet Amy Ludwig

Md Monirujjaman Sara Raposo-Blouw Haonan Zhouyao


67


Administration Program Committee for Human Nutritional Sciences Committee Member, Faculty Curriculum Committee, Faculty of Agricultural and Food

Sciences Chair, Appeals Panel, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences Selection Committee for Marion Campbell Community Nutrition Award, Faculty of

Graduate Studies Committee Member, Undergraduate Program Review for Department of Food Science,

University of Manitoba Editorial Associate Editor, Lipids Associate Editor, British Journal of Nutrition Membership in Professional Organizations Canadian Nutrition Society American Nutrition Society International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids Canadian Diabetes Association American Diabetes Association American Oil Chemists Association

Outreach Activity Media interviews Growing News 2015, Manitoba Grown Talent - Dr. Carla Taylor, and Foods that Target

Inflammation CJNU Radio, interview on our clinical studies Believe magazine (St. Boniface Hospital), Fall 2015 issue, Taking the Pulse of Vascular

Health: Research points to the health benefits of Manitoba crops Knowledge Translation to Community Group Public presentation on healthy food choices “What’s Up with Fat, Sugar and Salt?” at

Northern Light Prince Rupert’s Lodge


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Publications

Peer-Reviewed Articles Grant J, Whitehurst K, Taylor CG, Zahradka P & Aliani M (2015) Urinary metabolomics profile of genetically obese rats using liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. JJ Biomark 1:1-15. Clark JL, Zahradka P & Taylor CG (2015) The efficacy of flavanoids in the management of high blood pressure. Nutr Rev 73:799-822. Wojcik J, Devassy JG, Wu Y, Zahradka P, Taylor CG & Aukema HM (2015) Protein source in a high protein diet modulates reductions in insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in fa/fa Zucker rats. Obesity 24:123-131. Rech L, Premecz S, Jassal DS, Zahradka P & Taylor C (2015) Dietary analysis of full marathon runners over 50 years of age: A retrospective study. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 55:615-620. Jing M, Rech L, Wu Y, Goltz D, Taylor CG & House JD (2015) Effects of zinc deficiency and zinc supplementation on homocysteine levels and related enzyme expression in rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 30:77-82. Devassy JG, Caligiuri SPB, Mayengbam S, Ibrahim NHM, Zahradka P, Taylor CG, House JD & Aukema HM (2015) Dietary restriction in moderately obese rats improves body size and glucose handling without the renal and hepatic alterations observed with a high protein diet. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 40:334-342. Perrault R, Taylor CG & Zahradka P (2015) The stability of select biomarkers in frozen plasma over time: An evaluation of a low-volume sample analyzer. Clin Chem Lab Med 53:e97-e100. Stringer D, Zahradka P & Taylor CG (2015) Glucose transporters: Cellular links to hyperglycemia in insulin resistance and diabetes. Nutr Rev 73:140-154. Zhan Y, Shi H, Caligiuri SP, Wu Y, Declercq V, Taylor CG, Zahradka P, Obgorn MR & Aukema HM (2015) Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid worsens renal pathology and alters cyclooxygenase derived oxylipins in obesity-associated nephropathy. J Nutr Biochem 26:130-137. Clark J, Rech L, Chaity N, Sihag J, Taylor CG & Aliani M (2015) Possible deleterious hormonal changes associated with low sodium diets. Nutr Rev 73:22-35. Ames N, Blewett H, Storsley J, Thandapilly SJ, Zahradka P & Taylor C (2015) A double-blind randomized controlled trial testing the effect of a barley product containing varying amounts and types of fibre on the post-prandial glucose response of healthy volunteer. Br J Nutr 113:1373-1383.


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Commentary Zahradka P & Taylor CG (2015) Understanding adipocyte types and adipose tissue dynamics for obesity management. Clin Lipidol 10:23-26. Abstracts Rogers C, Salamon E & Taylor CG (2015) Vitamin D deficiency is frequent in a group of pregnant women with T2DM. International Diabetes Federation. Zahradka P & Taylor CG (2015) Relationship of metabolic and anthropometric parameters with arterial stiffness. American Heart Association Annual Meeting Taylor C, Hong L & Zahradka P (2015) Consumption of docosahexaenoic acid but not other omega-3 fatty acids reduces cardiometabolic risk and lowers blood pressure. American Heart Association Annual Meeting Wang L, Zahradka P, Taylor CG & Aliani M (2015) Metabolomics analysis of serum and urine after bean consumption by patients with peripheral arterial disease. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences Annual Poster Day, Winnipeg. Hanson M, Zahradka P, Taylor CG & Aliani M (2015) Urinary metabolomic profiling of pulse-fed spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR): The relationship to hypertension. 11th Annual International Conference of the Metabolomics Society Du Y, Aukema H, Winter T, Ravandi A, Taylor CG & Zahradka P (2015) Oxylipin production from fatty acids is different in growing and quiescent human endothelial cells. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Conference (also presented at UM Faculty of Medicine Research Day), Winnipeg. Grant J, Whitehurst K, Zahradka P, Taylor C & Aliani M (2015). Investigating the effect of obesity on urinary metabolomic profiles of genetically obese rats using liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of flight mass spectrometry. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Conference, Winnipeg. Hong L, Zahradka P & Taylor CG (2015) Increasing hepatic DHA levels through dietary supplementation with DHA, but not EPA or ALA, prevents hepatic steatosis in fa/fa Zucker rats. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Conference, Winnipeg. (Note: Lena was 1 of 8 students selected to participate in the CNS Oral Graduate Student Competition) Datar J, Regassa A, Kim W-K, Taylor CG, Zahradka P & Suh M (2015) Effects of different dietary fats on lipid profile and expression of genes involved in testes function in Zucker (fa/fa) rats. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Conference, Winnipeg. (Note: Jutika was 1 of 8 students selected to participate in the CNS Oral Graduate Student Competition)


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Rogers C, Salamon E & Taylor C (2015) Knowledge, attitudes, and clinical practice towards prenatal vitamin D among family physicians. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Conference, Winnipeg. Zahradka P, Hanson M, Taylor CG & Aliani M (2015) Relation of hypertension to urinary metabolite profile of pulse-fed spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Conference, Winnipeg. Murali M, Taylor C, Zahradka P & Wigle JT (2015) Adiponectin deficient mice have reduced fat mass on a control diet but not when challenged with a high fat diet. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Conference, Winnipeg. (Note: Megha was selected to participate in the CNS Poster Competition for Graduate Students) Yeganeh A, Taylor CG & Zahradka P (2015) Trans10-cis12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) but not caloric restriction induces metabolically active beige adipocytes and autophagy in adipose tissue during weight loss in db/db mice. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Conference, Winnipeg. Wang L, Zahradka P, Taylor CG & Aliani M (2015) Urinary and serum metabolomics studies to investigate the effect of bean consumption in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Conference Rogers C, Salamon E & Taylor C (2015) Knowledge, attitudes, and clinical practice towards prenatal calcium among family physicians. Manitoba Region of Dietitians of Canada Research Day, Winnipeg. Rogers C, Salamon E & Taylor C (2015) Knowledge, attitudes, and clinical practice towards prenatal vitamin D among family physicians. Manitoba Region of the Dietitians of Canada Research Day, Winnipeg. Murali M, Taylor CG, Zahradka P & Wigle JT (2015) Exacerbation of arterial stiffness in adiponectin deficient obese mice. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology - Peripheral Vascular Disease, San Francisco. Yeganeh A, Taylor CG & Zahradka P (2015) Weight loss induced by t10,c12-conjugated linoleic acid consumption but not caloric restriction increases PRDM16 expression in white adipose tissue of mice. Keystone Symposia Conference: Beige and Brown Fat: Basic Biology and Novel Therapeutics, Snowbird. Hong L, Zahradka P & Taylor CG (2015) Marine sources but not plant sources of omega-3 fatty acids decrease hepatic steatosis in fa/fa Zucker rats. Experimental Biology Annual Meeting, Boston. Invited Presentations New approaches for determining the efficacy of dietary lipids in clinical settings, Canadian Nutrition Society Post-Conference Workshop, Winnipeg.

PETER ZAHRADKA – Molecular Physiology Laboratory

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Dr. Peter Zahradka Molecular Physiology Laboratory

Our laboratory continues to focus on the beneficial effects of Manitoba crops on vascular health. This provides a broad area for our research, which encompasses specific studies examining how the functional properties of arteries are affected by age or specific disease conditions or the foods we include in our diet. We are also in a unique position to have strength in both basic and applied clinical research, which enables us to investigate the translatability of our findings from the lab bench to the bedside. We are also active in conducting research to understand the molecular mechanisms by which insulin regulates the cellular processes associated with gene expression. We have been fortunate to

receive, either directly or via our collaborators, funding from a variety of agencies to support our research program. It is with great satisfaction to be able to point out that some of this funding is coming from organizations such as the Manitoba Pulse and Soybean Growers who see our work as having strong potential to assist them with marketing their products. Additionally, training programs such as FAST, a joint Laval University-University of Manitoba scholarship funded by NSERC, and various scholarships to our students have also helped in supporting our efforts. The year’s publications provide a good overview of the lab’s activities. For example, a simple idea was brought to fruition by Dr. Moghadasian, and the result was a publication revealing that Manitoba fish are good sources of omega-3 fats. This is a good news story since the information obtained through this study can be used to enhance the demand for Manitoba fish products. In short, we can improve our intake of omega-3 fats through consumption of locally obtained fish such as pickerel and in this way reduce our reliance on ocean fish such as salmon. Analysis of tissue and biological fluids obtained during the course of animal studies completed in previous years reaped a number of interesting findings. In particular, it was observed that the type of protein used in a high protein diet influences the effectiveness of such a diet on insulin responsiveness and accumulation of lipid by the liver. The effectiveness of a high protein diet on the detrimental effects of obesity was also compared to that of caloric restriction, and it was shown that they have distinct physiological outcomes. The first study to link consumption of conjugated linoleic acid, which supposedly aids weight loss, and the oxylipin profile in obesity was completed. The effect of obesity on the metabolite profile of rats was also investigated and serves as a baseline for future studies. These collaborative projects, by linking very diverse research themes, add considerably to the output of individual researchers and supports the concept that there is strength in numbers, even in research, as was originally envisaged when CCARM was proposed.


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In addition to the basic research that has been undertaken, a number of clinical studies have been ongoing. One study recently completed in collaboration with Nancy Ames examined the effect of increased barley consumption on glucose handling. Ongoing studies are also looking at the several aspects of how eating beans can affect vascular function. We are also looking at identifying circulating markers that may be clinically useful for detecting arterial dysfunction at very early stages. The next few years will likely provide some very exciting results and I look forward to describing them in future reports. The ability to publish these very stimulating results are due to the huge efforts of a wonderful team. And as part of every educator’s burden, some team members leave when their projects are finished. In the year that just passed, we were able to celebrate the graduation of Jennifer Enns and Lena Hong. They contributed solidly to our understanding of how obesity affects the performance of key tissues involved in metabolic control. We wish them both well as they move forward in their careers. At the same time, I am happy that the rest of the team is ready to continue their hard work so that we may continue to pursue our quest to understand and translate the research findings we will produce over the next year.

Jaime Clark, Youjia Du, Azadeh Yeganeh, Lena Hong


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Funding


Names of

Investigators

Project

Title


OPERATING: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada

P. Zahradka

Hormonal mechanisms of gene regulation

$45,000

Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)


Effects of dietary essential fatty acids on octadecanoid production and biological actions in obesity-induced inflammation:

$134,793 (included in funding total for H. Aukema)

Manitoba Pulse Growers Association


Characterization of bioactive compound absorption and excretion, and relationship to improvements in cardiovascular function

$20,000

Agri-Food Research and Development Initiative


Breeding buckwheat varieties with novel characteristics and health benefits

$6,747



Effects of black and navy beans on blood vessel function and remodelling

$44,922

Mathematics of Information Technology and Complex Systems (MITACS)


Identification of blood biomarkers for diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease

$9,375

St Boniface Hospital Research Foundation


Gift from Dr. K. Clark

$9,300

SALARY: University of Manitoba Graduate Fellowship

Jaime Clark (co-supervised with C. Taylor)

$14,000 (included in funding total for C. Taylor)

TOTAL FUNDING:

$135,344


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Name

Organization


R. Bell, L. McCargar, C. Chan, S. Proctor, J. Ozga, D. Wishart

University of Alberta Substantiating a health claim for pulses (beans and peas) and cholesterol-lowering)

D. Ramdath, T. Wolever & C. Siow

AAFC Guelph, University of Toronto/Glycemic Index Testing & CCARM

AAFC Science Substantiation Project on lentils

J. Buckley, et al University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia

Impact of Pulse-enriched Foods on Cognitive Function and Cardiometabolic Health in Obese Adults

J. Wigle University of Manitoba

Sex-dependent effects of adiponectin on metabolic disease risk

H. Aukema University of Manitoba

Roles of dietary fatty acids and oxylipins in obesity and inflammation

M. Aliani University of Manitoba

Genetic markers for flavor selection in pork; Metabolites associated with pulse consumption and with obesity

E. Klodas & S. Kopecky,

Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

"Foods for Health" portfolio of functional food products

Teaching Activity

Endocrine Physiology & Pathophysiology PHGY 7240 Course Coordinator for Endocrine Physiology & Pathophysiology PHGY 7240 Readings in Nutritional Sciences HNSC 7560


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Fellows/Students Mentored/Supervised Graduate Students Supervised PhD Jaime Clark (co-supervised with C. Taylor) Youjia Du (co-supervised with C. Taylor)

Jennifer Enns (co-supervised with C. Taylor)

Azadeh Yeganeh (co-supervised with C. Taylor)

MSc Lena Hong (co-supervised with C. Taylor ) Tara Loader (co-supervised with C. Taylor)

Linda Siemens (co-supervised with C. Taylor)

Students Graduated Jennifer Enns (PhD) (co-supervised with C. Taylor) Lena Hong (MSc) (co-supervised with C. Taylor) Service on Graduate Student Committees PhD Andrea Edel

MSc Melissa Gabbs Bhavya Sharma


Administration Member, Graduate Program Committee, Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology,

University of Manitoba Chair, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Department of Physiology and

Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba Member, Research Manitoba Mid-Career Operating Grants Committee Member, American Heart Association Member, Canadian Nutrition Society Reviewer, The Israel Science Foundation Grants Reviewer for: American Journal of Physiology, Canadian Journal of Physiology and

Pharmacology, Experimental Cell Research, Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, Editorial Associate Editor, Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology Subject Editor, FACETS


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Back Row: Dr. Peter Zahradka, Jaime Clark, Leslee Tworek, Dr. Carla Taylor Front Row: Tara Loader, Youjia Du

Back Row: Leslee Tworek, Megha Murali, Youjia Du Front Row: Jaime Clark, Tara Loader


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Publications Peer-Reviewed Articles Devassy JG, Caligiuri SPB, Mayengbam S, Ibrahim NHM, Zahradka P, Taylor CG, House JD & Aukema HM (2015) Dietary restriction in moderately obese rats improves body size and glucose handling without the renal and hepatic alterations observed with a high protein diet. App Physiol Nutr Metab 40:334-342. Moghadasian MH, Moghadasian P, Le K, Hydamaka A & Zahradka P (2015) Lipid analyses of four types of fish from Manitoba lakes. EC Nutr 1:41-48. Rech L, Premecz S, Jassal DJ, Zahradka P & Taylor C (2015) Dietary analysis of full marathon runners over 50 years of age: A retrospective study. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 55:615-620. Zahradka P & Taylor CG (2015) Understanding adipocyte types and adipose tissue dynamics for obesity management. Clin Lipidol 10:23-26. Stringer D, Zahradka P & Taylor CG (2015) Glucose transporters: Cellular links to hyperglycemia in insulin resistance and diabetes. Nutr Rev 73:140-154. Ames N, Blewett H, Storsley J, Thandapilly SJ, Zahradka P & Taylor C (2015) A double-blind randomized controlled trial testing the effect of a barley product containing varying amounts and types of fibre on the post-prandial glucose response of healthy volunteer. Br J Nutr 113:1373-1383. Clark JL, Zahradka P & Taylor CG (2015) The efficacy of flavanoids in the management of high blood pressure. Nutr Rev 73:799-822. Zhan Y, Shi H, Caligiuri SP, Wu Y, DeClercq V, Taylor CG, Zahradka P, Ogborn MR & Aukema HM (2015) Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid worsens renal pathology and alters cyclooxygenase derived oxylipins in obesity-associated nephropathy. J Nutr Biochem 26:130-137. Perrault R, Taylor CG & Zahradka P (2015) The stability of select biomarkers in frozen plasma over time: An evaluation of a low-volume sample analyzer. Clin Chem Lab Med 53:e97-e100. Wojcik J, Devassy JG, Wu Y, Zahradka P, Taylor CG & Aukema HM (2015) Protein source in a high protein diet modulates reductions in insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in fa/fa Zucker rats. Obesity 24:123-131. Grant J, Whitehurst K, Taylor CG, Zahradka P & Aliani M (2015). Urinary metabolomics profile of genetically obese rats using liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. JJ Biomark 1:1-15.


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Caligiuri SPB, Blydt-Hansen T, Love K, Gregoire M, Taylor CG, Zahradka P & Aukema HM (2015) Evidence for the use of glomerulomegaly as a surrogate marker of glomerular damage and for alpha-linolenic acid rich oils in the treatment of early obesity-related glomerulopathy in a diet-induced rodent model of obesity. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 39:951-959. Abstracts Du Y, Aukema H, Winter T, Ravandi A, Taylor CG & Zahradka P (2015) Oxylipin production from fatty acids is different in growing and quiescent human endothelial cells. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Meeting, Winnipeg. Yeganeh A, Taylor CG & Zahradka P (2015) Trans10-cis12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) but not caloric restriction induces metabolically active beige adipocytes and authophagy in adipose tissue during weight loss in db/db mice. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Meeting, Winnipeg. Grant J, Whitehurst K, Zahradka P, Taylor C & Aliani M (2015) Investigating the effect of obesity on urinary metabolomic profiles of genetically obese rats using liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight spectroscopy. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Meeting, Winnipeg. Murali M, Taylor CG, Zahradka P & Wigle JT (2015) Adiponectin deficient mice have reduced fat mass on a control diet but not when challenged with a high fat diet. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Meeting, Winnipeg. Zahradka P, Hanson M, Taylor CG & Aliani M (2015) Relation of hypertension to urinary metabolite profile of pulse-fed spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Meeting, Winnipeg. Hong L, Zahradka P & Taylor CG (2015) Increasing hepatic DHA levels through dietary supplementation with DHA, but not EPA or ALA, prevents hepatic steatosis in fa/fa Zucker rats. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Meeting, Winnipeg. Datar J, Regassa A, Kim W-K, Taylor CG, Zahradka P & Suh M (2015) Effects of different dietary fats on lipid profile and expression of genes involved in testes function in Zucker (fa/fa) rats. Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Meeting, Winnipeg. Yeganeh A, Taylor CG & Zahradka P (2015) Weight loss induced by t10,c12-conjugated linoleic acid consumption but not caloric restriction increases PRDM16 expression in white adipose tissue of mice. Keystone Symposia Conference: Beige and Brown Fat: Basic Biology and Novel Therapeutics, Snowbird. Murali M, Taylor CG, Zahradka P & Wigle JT (2015) Exacerbation of arterial stiffness in adiponectin deficient obese mice. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology - Peripheral Vascular Disease, San Francisco.


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Hanson M, Zahradka P, Taylor CG & Aliani M (2015) Urinary metabolomic profiling of pulse-fed spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR): The relationship to hypertension. 11th Annual International Conference of the Metabolomics Society, San Francisco. Zahradka P & Taylor CG (2015) Relationship of metabolic and anthropometric parameters with arterial stiffness. American Heart Association, Orlando. Taylor C, Hong L & Zahradka P (2015) Consumption of docosahexaenoic acid but not other omega-3 fatty acids reduces cardiometabolic risk and lowers blood pressure. American Heart Association, Orlando. Wang L, Zahradka P, Taylor CG & Aliani M (2015) Metabolomics analysis of serum and urine after bean consumption by patients with peripheral arterial disease. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences Annual Poster Day, Winnipeg.

Jaime Clark & Leslee Tworek (SBRC Spirit Week – Mustache, Beard & Hat Day)

canadian centre for agri-food research in health and … · canadian centre for agri-food research...

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