Case 2007-1971

Ellen M Binder

Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only

Signalment & History

Number 20018-month old female brown and white Boer goat

Transported from NC to VA 1 week agoBred within last 2-3 weeks

Vaccinated within last week

Other goats (4) normal

Clinical SignsLethargy, depression

Mucous membranes pale and grey

Pigmenturia

Neurologic Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only

CBC & ChemistryAnemia

Leukocytosis

Azotemia

Liver and muscle enzymes increased

UrinalysisProteinuriaPigmenturiaHematuria

Fecal Egg Count

Treatment

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Differential Diagnoses

Copper Toxicosis

InfectiousLeptospira

Plant toxicosis

Unknown toxin/infection

Myopoathy

Negative

Copper (serum): 2.6ppmLead (blood): none detected

No methemoglobinemia

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Kidney

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Kidney: H&E (200x)

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Kidney: H&E (400x)

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Kidney: special stainsPrussian Blue Halls

Rhodanine Steiner’sPresented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted

for use on SEVPAC website only

Kidney: Prussian Blue (+)

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Liver: H&E (100x)

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Liver: H&E (200x)

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Liver: H&E (400x)

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Liver: special stainsPrussian Blue Halls

RhodaninePresented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted

for use on SEVPAC website only

Liver: Halls (+)

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Liver: Rhodanine (+)

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Morphologic Diagnoses:

Kidney, acute tubular necrosis, diffuse, marked, with hemoglobin tubular casts and multifocal interstitial nephritis.

Liver, hepatitis, periportal and centrilobular, moderate, with copper accumulation, hepatocellular necrosis and cholestasis.

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Copper Toxicosis

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Copper ToxicosisStressor precipitates sudden release of Cu

Hepatic necrosisHemolytic crisis

Other speciesCattlePigsDogs: Bedlington, WHWT, & Skye terriers Siamese cat (single case)Humans (Wilson disease)

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COPPER TOXICOSIS IN A DAIRY GOAT HERD.

Cornish J, Angelos J, Puschner B, Miller G, George L., 2007

400 mixed breed dairy goats

Decrease in milk production and increased mortality rate

9 deaths within a 1 month period

Clinical signs only in lactating goats

Anorexia, recumbency, neurologic abnormalities and death

AST, GGT and Total bilirubin: elevated

No evidence of hemolysis

Had been fed mineral mix containing 3,050 ppm copper for the past 9 months

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Acknowledgments

Histology technicians

Co-authors:Natalie Crawford, D Phillip Sponenberg, Rachel Tan, Flavia Lepene  

References

1. Adam SEI, Wasfi LA, Chronic copper toxicity in Nubian goats. J Comp Pathol 1977;87:623-627.

2. Cornish J, Angelos J, Puschner B, Miller G, George L. Copper toxicosis in a dairy goat herd. JAVMA 2007; 231,4:586-589.

3. Jubb, Kennedy & Palmer’s Pathology of Domestic Animals. Ed. M Grant Maxie. Saunders Ltd. 2:379-381.

4. Solaiman SG, Maloney MA, Qureshi MA, et al. Effects of high copper supplements on performance, health, plasma copper and enzymes in goats. Small Rumin Res 2001;41:127-139.

5. Soli NE, Nafstad I. Effects of daily oral administration of copper to goats. Acta Vet Scand 1978; 19:561-568.

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