Cell Organellesorganelle = tiny organ

If you think of a cell like a city, each organelle would be a building; with

its own structure and job to do.

NUCLEUS• Description of Structure– Spherical body usually

near the center of a cell

• Function of Structure– Controls all cells activities– Directs Growth and

Reproduction– Control Center

• City Hall

NUCLEAR MEMBRANE• Description of Structure– Thin, two layered

(porous) structure surrounding nucleus

• Function of Structure– Controls movement of

materials in and out of nucleus

– “Nuclear Gatekeeper”• City Hall Security

NUCLEOLUS• Description– Irregular/ Spherical bodies

within nucleus

• Function– Storehouse of RNA– Synthesis of RNA to make

Ribosomes– Disappears during cell

reproduction

• Mayor’s Office inside City Hall

CHROMATIN THREADS

• Description– Long, tin coiled fibers

containing DNA and Protein

• Function– Contains DNA code that

controls all cell reactions– Carriers genetic code that

determines heredity.

• City Blueprints

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9kQpYdCnU14

CELL MEMBRANE• Structure– Flexible, thin porous two-

layered structure surrounding cell

• Function– Controls movement in and

out of cell– Shapes and protects the

cell

• Security Fence around City

CYTOPLASM• Structure– Semifluid/ jelly-fluid material of cell surrounding

nucleus• Function– Main storehouse of chemicals and organelles– Where chemical reactions of life occur

• City Grounds/ Lawns

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (E.R.)• Structure– Complex series of membrane

channels that form branching, net-like maze from cell membrane to nuclear membrane

• Function– Transport of materials

throughout cell– Divides cell into

compartments

• Highway System

RIBOSOMES• Description– Tiny dense bodies which lie on the edges of E.R.

or in clusters in cytoplasm (Free ribosomes)• Function– Site of Protein Synthesis

• Factories

GOLGI COMPLEX• Structure– Stack of flattened saccules.

“Stacks of stacks.”• Function– Synthesis, Storage, Secretion

of Large Molecules– Package and deliver

molecules outside of cell– May manufacture lysosomes

• Post Office or Fed-Ex Center

https://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation_937748&feature=iv&src_vid=LP7xAr2FDFU&v=fKEaTt9heNM

LYSOSOMES• Structure–Oval, bag-like structures containing small

particles and enzymes• Function– “Suicide Sac”– Digest food particles– Digest worn-out organelles

• Recycling Center

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ekdIEpSf-1I

VACUOLES• Structure– Small bubble or cavities in the

cytoplasm– Clear/ Colorless

• Function– Storage of Water and Food– Helps maintain internal pressure

• City Water tower/ Warehousehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_TULYTNhEoE

ENDOCYTIC VESICLE• Structure– Sac-like infoldings of cell membrane

• Function– Transport of food/large particles into cell– Large Particle Intake– Forms Vacuoles

• Food Trucks

MITOCHONDRIA• Structure– Spherical or Sausage

shaped bodies with shelf-like membranes (cristae)

• Function– Energy Production– High Number in Active

Cells (muscles)• Electrical Powerplant

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RrS2uROUjK4

CENTROSOME WITH CENTRIOLES• Structure– Spherical body edges the

nucleus which contains 2 cylindrical centrioles

– T- shaped• Function– Helps DNA separate during

cell division–Where Microtubules are

Made– Forms Spindle Fibers

• City Construction Office

MICROTUBULES

• Structure– Tiny tube-like structures– Hollow, rigid

• Function– Acts like Cell Skeleton,

Give cell shape–Makes cell rigid

• Scaffolding, Iron Beam, Nails, etc.