ch 14.1 notes physical geography of eurasia the land
TRANSCRIPT
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Ch 14.1 NotesCh 14.1 NotesPhysical Physical
Geography of Geography of EurasiaEurasia
The LandThe Land
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Plains AreaPlains Area
The North European The North European PlainPlain center of economic life center of economic life
for ¾ peoplefor ¾ people Chernozem – rich Chernozem – rich
black topsoilblack topsoil Europe’s best Europe’s best
farmland - Ukrainefarmland - Ukraine
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Major cities in N. Major cities in N. European PlainEuropean Plain
3 large cities3 large cities MoscowMoscow St. PetersburgSt. Petersburg KievKiev
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Major rivers in N. European Major rivers in N. European PlainPlain VolgaVolga DniesterDniester DnieperDnieper DonDon
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West Siberian PlainWest Siberian Plain
E. of Ural Mts.E. of Ural Mts. 1 million sq. mi.1 million sq. mi. Swamps, marshes Swamps, marshes
and frozen landand frozen land Not good for agNot good for ag
Evergreen and Evergreen and swamps cover N. swamps cover N. 2/3rds 2/3rds
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Turan LowlandTuran Lowland
Between Caspian Sea & Tian Shan Mt. Between Caspian Sea & Tian Shan Mt. rangerange Kums – desert areas covered in sand Kums – desert areas covered in sand
dunesdunes
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Kara kum - TurkmenistanKara kum - Turkmenistan
Black Sand desertBlack Sand desert
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Kyzylkum – UzbekistanKyzylkum – Uzbekistan
Red sand desertRed sand desert
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Mountains and PlateausMountains and Plateaus
Alpine system of Alpine system of EuropeEurope CarpathianCarpathian CaucasusCaucasus covered with treescovered with trees
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Caucasus Mts.Caucasus Mts.
Borders Azerbaijan Borders Azerbaijan and Georgiaand Georgia
Mt. ElbrusMt. Elbrus
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PamirsPamirs
Borders Eastern Borders Eastern TajikistanTajikistan
Communism Peak – Communism Peak – 24, 590 ft.24, 590 ft.
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Tian Shan- Tian Shan- “heavenly mts.” in Chinese“heavenly mts.” in Chinese
KyrgyzstanKyrgyzstan Some of the world’s Some of the world’s
largest glacierslargest glaciers
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Ural Mts.Ural Mts.
1,500 miles1,500 miles Divides European and Divides European and
Siberian Russia/AsiaSiberian Russia/Asia Shortened due to Shortened due to
streams and wind streams and wind erosionerosion
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Eastern Siberian UplandsEastern Siberian Uplands
Largest region of Largest region of SiberiaSiberia
forests, mts., plateausforests, mts., plateaus Extends to Pacific Extends to Pacific
OceanOcean
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Central Siberian PlateauCentral Siberian Plateau
Between Yenisey and Between Yenisey and Lena RiverLena River
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Seas and LakesSeas and Lakes
Northern RussiaNorthern Russia Barents & E. Siberian Barents & E. Siberian
SeaSea Ice covered most of Ice covered most of
yearyear Bearing & OkhotskBearing & Okhotsk
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Seas and LakesSeas and Lakes
Bearing & OkhotskBearing & Okhotsk
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S. RussiaS. Russia
Black SeaBlack Sea Warm waterWarm water Flows into the Flows into the
Mediterranean Sea Mediterranean Sea through the through the Dardanelles Dardanelles
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Middle RussiaMiddle Russia
Caspian SeaCaspian Sea Largest inland body Largest inland body
of waterof water salt water lakesalt water lake Shrinking due to Shrinking due to
less incoming waterless incoming water Aral SeaAral Sea
Shrinking due to Shrinking due to irrigation and poor irrigation and poor government laws government laws preventing itpreventing it
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SiberiaSiberia
Lake BaikalLake Baikal Oldest and deepest Oldest and deepest
in worldin world 1/5 earth’s total 1/5 earth’s total
freshwaterfreshwater
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RiversRivers
Long and navigableLong and navigable East flowingEast flowing
AmurAmur South flowingSouth flowing
Ural & VolgaUral & Volga North flowingNorth flowing
Lena, Ob, YeniseyLena, Ob, Yenisey Frozen much of yearFrozen much of year
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Volga RiverVolga River
Longest in European Longest in European RussiaRussia 2,193 mi. long2,193 mi. long empties into Caspian empties into Caspian
SeaSea Frozen 4-6 monthsFrozen 4-6 months
ResourceResource Hydroelectric powerHydroelectric power municipal water supplymunicipal water supply industries & irrigationindustries & irrigation trade & trade &
communicationcommunication
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Siberian RiversSiberian Rivers
AmurAmur only one that only one that
doesn’t flow Northdoesn’t flow North only major food only major food
producing area in producing area in E. SiberiaE. Siberia
4 Siberian rivers 4 Siberian rivers among 12 longest in among 12 longest in WorldWorld Lena, Ob, Yenisey, Lena, Ob, Yenisey,
& Irtysh& Irtysh
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Natural ResourcesNatural Resources
Rich in natural resourcesRich in natural resources Largest producer of manganese & chromiumLargest producer of manganese & chromium 22ndnd largest producer of gold largest producer of gold Coal & Lignite – Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine Coal & Lignite – Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine
together have 20% of world’s supplytogether have 20% of world’s supply Tyumen oil field produces more oil in a day Tyumen oil field produces more oil in a day
other than the U.S. or Saudi Arabiaother than the U.S. or Saudi Arabia
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Minerals & EnergyMinerals & Energy
Leads in coal, copper, silverLeads in coal, copper, silver 22ndnd in gold, lead, salt, tin, tungsten and zinc in gold, lead, salt, tin, tungsten and zinc Other minerals – iron ore, nickel, asbestos, Other minerals – iron ore, nickel, asbestos,
chromium, bauxite, antimony, manganese, precious chromium, bauxite, antimony, manganese, precious stonesstones
Turkmenistan has world’s largest deposit of sulfur Turkmenistan has world’s largest deposit of sulfur and sodium sulfateand sodium sulfate
Gas & oil in nearly all republicsGas & oil in nearly all republics Hydroelectric power – lead the world in productionHydroelectric power – lead the world in production
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Minerals & EnergyMinerals & Energy
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Soils, Forests, Wildlife, & FishSoils, Forests, Wildlife, & Fish
Black Earth BeltBlack Earth Belt Ukraine to SW SiberiaUkraine to SW Siberia Chernozem – in Ukraine made it the Chernozem – in Ukraine made it the
bread basket of the USSRbread basket of the USSR leading producer of wheat, rye, oats, leading producer of wheat, rye, oats,
barley, and sugar beetsbarley, and sugar beets ForestlandForestland
Belarus – ¼ covered in hardwood forestBelarus – ¼ covered in hardwood forest 1/5 world’s lumber supply1/5 world’s lumber supply
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E. SiberiaE. Siberia
Siberian Tiger – endangeredSiberian Tiger – endangered
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Other wildlife – bear, fox, reindeer, Other wildlife – bear, fox, reindeer, elk, lynx, deer, wolf, wildcat, sable, elk, lynx, deer, wolf, wildcat, sable, boar boar
FishFish SalmonSalmon Barents Sea – herring, cod, halibutBarents Sea – herring, cod, halibut Caspian Sea – carp, sturgeonCaspian Sea – carp, sturgeon