*CH 18

*WWII & Cold War

*Canada & USA

*Both emerged as industrialized*Efficient factories*EX: Murglod steel in Weyburn

*Jeep Willy’s History

*Willys Quad Story* In June 1940, with World War II on the horizon, the U.S.

Army solicited bids from 135 automakers for a 1/4 ton "light reconnaissance vehicle" tailored to Army specifications. Only three companies responded - Bantam, Willys, and Ford — but, within a year's time they collectively produced the template for the vehicle known worldwide as the "jeep".*Willys-Overland delivered the prototype "Quad" (named

for the 4x4 system it featured), to the U.S. Army on Armistice Day (Veteran's Day), November of 1940. The design was completed in a remarkable 75 days.*Only two prototypes were made.

*Governments increased spending*Jobs jobs jobs*Great way to end a recession (remember

when we talked about this and how it applies to today?)

*Europe

*Nearly bankrupt*Germany inflation at massive massive

levels.*Great Britain also weakened economically*Canada entered 1week after Britain*In a matter of 3 weeks, 60,000 soldiers

signed up in Canada*Air Force a major component

*1.1 Million folks enlisted as support services*Major supplier of resources*USA entered years later*Dec 1941 – Pearl Harbour

*Canadian Prime Minister excluded from war planning with allies*Fighting all overseas, not surprising

*Brothers in Arms

*Japanese @ Pearl Harbour brought the USA in*USA had massive impact, which further

led to Canada getting shut out of planning*Once Europe was dominated by Nazi’s

USA/CDN became aware of the possibility of NA fighting… scary stuff*Alliance officially formed to defend

land/sea/air in NA

*Hyde Park declaration*Purchasing of resources linked for the

benefit of both countries. *Mainly centered around military capabilities*Tools, oil, gas, etc*Now two economies very much intertwined

*Read pg 492-493 on Hyde Park Agreement

*Industrial Mobilization

*1940*Department of Munitions*47% increase in production 1940-1942*New jobs, new $, everybody wins! (unless

you were fighting the war, right?)*Women’s labour, highly important*Dudes gone to war*Similar to WWI*See advertising on pg 494

*Social Security State

*If war ends, unemployment goes up*Another Great Depression*CCF now leading political poles*Oh no, socialists!

*Unemployment Insurance introduced*Now its called Employment Insurance to

make everybody feel warm and fuzzy

*Some minor veterans benefits programs began to be introduced a this time*Read 3rd ppg of page 496… PM disagreed

with this so he just set up a pile of bureaucracy to make sure it never actually happened. *In modern times this would be the

equivalent to “commissioning a study” in political terms*Or possible “I’ll look into it” etc

*Discovery of social security

*Bunch of strikes broke out late war time. 1943 ish.*Increasing militancy of labour movement.*Things got ugly so to speak

*Guaranteed full employment for all candians*Guaranteed minimum standard of living

for all*Woah,… crazy expensive*“baby bonus” = family allowance*Keynesianism = John Maynard Keynes*Read ppg 2 on page 498

*Peaceful internal order

*After WWII now a “middle power”*Ex: not a super power, but a power.*Ex: not a supermodel, but a model

*Then all of a sudden Cold War starts to grow…

*United Nations (U.N.) formed now*Soviet Union and USA now distrusted each

other*Super suspicious

*Canada & UN = Peacemaker

*Still one of the worlds leading peacemakers*Thought of globally as a peacemaker*This is where it all started*1949 – Kashmir between Pakistan and

India*Korean war*Fouhgt under UN flag 1950-1954

*Please read pg 503-505 three views of Korean war.*Q #2 on page520 for hand in tomorrow