Challenges in

teaching and

learning thinking

skills in 21

st

century learning

� "By using more visual media, students will process information

better," she said. "However, most visual media are real-time media

that do not allow time for reflection, analysis or imagination — those

do not get developed by real-time media such as television or video

games. -  (2009)

� The ability to multitask and use technology is highly beneficial in

certain fields, including medicine, business, and flying aircraft. –

Greenfield, Greengard (2009)

LITERATURE REVIEW

➢Google Forms

�Online Interview through email

�Face to face interview

METHODOLOGY

RESPONDENT 1

�Puan Zarina

�Teaches History for 21

years

RESPONDENT 2

�Puan Che Nazian

�Teaches Chemistry for 22

years

RESPONDENTS (TEACHERS)

�Range of age : 16 – 18 years old

�Regular school and boarding school

RESPONDENTS (STUDENTS)

Definition of HOTS?

Thinking that takes place in the higher-levels of the hierarchy of

cognitive processing. (Bloom Taxonomy)

INTRODUCTION

Students Teachers

Identify the challenges faced by students in

learning thinking skills

Identify challenges faced by teachers in

teaching thinking skills

Identify the students’ level of

understanding on HOTS

Identify the teachers’ understanding

towards the importance of teaching

thinking skills to the students

Describe the students perceptions towards

21st century learning (smart-phones)

Elicit the teachers’ perceptions on the need

of 21st century learning and the disciplinary

issues could rise from it

OBJECTIVES

Students

Challenges faced by students in learning

thinking skillsUnderstanding on HOTS

Perceptions towards 21st century learning

These are among the answers given by our respondents :-

� Time consuming

� Lack of general knowledge

� Lack of practices

� Unfamiliar with higher order thinking skills

CHALLENGES FACED BY STUDENTS IN

LEARNING THINKING SKILLS

UNDERSTANDING ON HIGH ORDER THINKING

SKILL (HOTS)

� Out of 12 students, 9

students managed to give

acceptable answers, which

were related to the main

concept of thinking skills

� This shows that, there are

still those who need to be

exposed more to HOTS.

PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS HOTS’ QUESTIONS

Most of the students

are aware of the self

preparation that they

have to go through, in

order to answer HOTS

question, accurately.

� 9 students out of 12,

have positive

perceptions towards

implementing HOTS in

classroom learning

� They mostly think that

due to the effort of

thinking during lessons,

students are able to

enhance their creative

and critical thinking

skills.

Teachers

Challenges faced by teachers in teaching

thinking skills

Understanding towards the importance of teaching

thinking skills to the students

Perceptions on the need of 21st century learning and

the disciplinary issues that could rise from it

CHALLENGES FACED BY TEACHERS IN

TEACHING THINKING SKILLS

Respondent 1

Students has different level of thinking skills

Need to be conducted in group for better learning as discussion occurs

Respondent 2

Hard to teach weaker students

Need to aid weaker students with extra guidelines in order to help them go beyond

Constrained by the same limit of time while teaching

- Difficult to divide a forty minute lesson into activities and another special slot only

dedicated to HOTS

More time also required in order to let students sharpen their thinking skills

IMPORTANCE OF TEACHING THINKING

SKILLS TO THE STUDENTS

Respondent 1

Could enhance students way of thinking, so that they will be able to adapt more

matured, logical and creative thoughts in relation to solving the issues asked.

Able to put themselves inside the situation, predict the most relevant actions that they

are able to come up with

As a medium for the students to practice their visionary ways of thinking

Students will be able to relate it with their own life by comparing their past, in order to

predict suitable action for their future

IMPORTANCE OF TEACHING THINKING

SKILLS TO THE STUDENTS

Respondent 2

Trains the student to think out of the box

Helps them to experiment with concepts and teaches them that they can learn from

mistakes

Able to analyze situations critically and respond with creative solution in mind

To avoid talents and potential of these students go to waste

21

ST

CENTURY

LEARNING

(Smartphones at

School)

There are divided opinions on bringing

smartphones to school. Our society is torn

between the need of 21st century learning

and addressing this ongoing disciplinary

issues due to misuse.

USAGE OF SMARTPHONES IN 21

ST

CENTURY

LEARNING

STUDENTS

� They agree upon bringing

smart-phones to school

because they think technology

helps them to learn and

interact better in the classroom.

TEACHERS

� Both respondents do agree on

this issue since they believe

that smart-phones could help

students to embark on self

learning experience.

� However, they question its

necessity of it in nurturing

HOTS among students

OPINIONS ON BRINGING SMARTPHONES TO

SCHOOL (NEEDS VS DISCIPLINE)

STUDENTS

� Mentality of the students

� Moral dilemma of students

� Attention span in classroom

TEACHERS

◼ Places extra burden for teachers (to control and to teach)

◼ Plagiarism◼ Attention span in

classroom

CHALLENGES (NEEDS VS DISCIPLINE)

“Thus, in order to teach HOTS, the teachers must

first know the core of HOTS itself and when it

comes to 21st century learning, try to make a

win-win situation for both parties where both

teachers and students can gain benefits from the

usage of smart-phones”

Thank You