chapitre 9 - keys to exercises

Flight Attendants' English PNC

Chap. IX : Keys to Exercises

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Chapter IX

Keys to exercises



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-(1)--(2)--(3)--(4)--(5)-

-(6)-

-(7)-

-(9)--(10)-

-(11)-

-(12)-

-(13)-

-(14)-

-(15)-

-(8)-

-(17)--(18)--(19)-

-(20)--(21)-

-(22)-

-(23)-

-(24)-

-(25)--(26)-

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Chapter One

Grammar : keys to exercises

Chapter One (ex: 01)

above (1)= par dessusacross (21)= à traversalong (8)= le long de …, en longeant …around (16)= autour de …at = à … (un endroit)(statique)away from (18)= en s'éloignant de …backward (23)= en arrièrebelow (4)= juste en dessousbeneath (5)= par dessousclockwise (19)= dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montrecounterclockwise (20)= dans le sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montredown (10)= en basdownward (25)= vers le basforeward (26)= vers l'avantfrom (14)= de … (provenance)in (3)= dansinto (6)= vers l'intérieuron (2)= surout of (7)= en sortant de …over (12)= par-dessussideways (24)= latéralementthrough (11)= en passant au travers de …to (15)= verstoward (17)= en direction de …under (13)= sousup (9)= en hautupward (22)= vers le haut



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The a/c will go to : è Left Right� rudder to the left a

� Right aileron down Left aileron up

a

� rudder to the right a

� Left aileron down Right aileron up

a

-(4)-Trailing edge of the wing

-(12)- Nose of the aircraft

-(11)- Wing tip

-(10)- Left aileron

-(9)- Left flap

-(8)- Elevator

-(7)- Rudder

-(3)- Wing

-(6)- Empennage / Tail section

-(5)- Fuselage

-(2)- Leading edge of the wing

-(1)- Propeller



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dumb-struck ð stupéfaitlong-lasting ð durablegood-looking ð beaupower-assisted steering ð la direction assistéea heart-breaking story ð un récit déchirant (qui vous fend le cœur)home-grown vegetables ð des légumes du jardin(qui ont été cultivés chez soi)well-mannered ð bien élevéto be bow-legged ð avoir les jambes arquéesa fun-loving person ð quelqu'un qui aime s'amuser (qui aime ce qui est drôle)


une voiture bleu marine ð a navy-blue cargris clair ð light-greyavoir des yeux gris acier ð to have steel-grey eyesqui prend du temps ð to be time-consumingêtre bien connu ð to be well-knownassisté par ordinateur ð computer-aidedavoir le coeur brisé ð to be broken-hearted, to be heart-brokenêtre large d'esprit ð to be broad-mindedun homme borné, à l'esprit étroit ð a narrow-minded manune maison avec trois chambres ð a three-bedroomed house

-(3)- Pitch axis

-(1)- Roll axis

-(2)- Yaw axis



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Chapter One (ex: 07) (a) + (b)

-(a)- Adjectifs è Verbesawake (éveillé) ………… to awaken …..éveiller/réveillerblack (noir) …………… to blacken …....noircirbroad (large / vaste) ……to broaden …..élargircheap (peu cher) ……… to cheapen …..rendre moins cher/dévalorisercoarse (rugueux / grossier) to coarsen …..rendre…/ devenir grossier/se dégraderdamp (humide) …………to dampen …..humecter (sens prop.) / amenuiser(sens fig.)dead (mort) ……………to deaden …...calmer/endormir/émousserdeaf (sourd) ……………to deafen …...assourdirdeep (profond) …………to deepen …...creuser/approfondir/rendre plus gravefresh (frais / récent) ……to freshen …..rafraîchirhard (dur) …………… to harden …..durcir/rendre difficilelight (léger) ……………to lighten …..allégermoist (mouillé / moite) … to moisten …..mouiller / humecterquick (rapide) ………… to quicken …..accélérerred (rouge) ……………to redden …..rougirripe (mûr) …………… to ripen ……..mûrirsad (triste) ………… to sadden …...attristersharp (aiguisé/affûté) …to sharpen ….aiguiser / affûtershort (court) …………to shorten …..raccourcirsoft (mou / doux) …… to soften …......adoucir/amollirsweet (doux/sucré/gentil) …to sweeten ..sucrerthick (épais) …………to thicken …...épaissirtight (serré/étriqué) …to tighten …...serrerwhite (blanc) …………to whiten …....blanchirwide (large/grand) …… to widen …....élargir

-(b)- Noms è Verbesfright (la peur) …….........................to frighten.........effrayerhaste (la hâte/ précipitation) …to hasten …....hâter/accélérerheart (le cœur) …………… to hearten …....encouragerheight (la hauteur) …………to heighten …...intensifier/augmenterlength (la longueur) …………to lengthen ….allongerless (adv. moins/moindre) ….. to lessen …...….diminuer/atténuerlight (la lumière) ……………to lighten ….....éclairer/éclaircirthreat (la menace) …………to threaten …..menacerwax (la cire) ……………. to waxen …...…..cirer



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Ex : hard ð … soft ……

strong ð …weak…… long ð …short……broad ð …narrow…… rigid ð …supple / flexible…clean ð …dirty…… rough ð …smooth…fragile ð …resistant / sturdy…… shallow ð …deep…high ð …low…… shiny ð …dull / colourless…inert ð …active / dynamic… straight ð …wavy / bent / curved…light ð …heavy… thick ð …thin…


PREFIX / SUFFIX WORD PROPOSED NEW WORD CREATED‘by‛ (= close to) (= next to)

to pass è …………..…to bypass(= to avoid) (=to go around)

‘counter‛ (= opposite) clockwise(=sens des aiguilles)

terrorism

è counterclockwise (= sens inverse des aiguilles)

è counter-terrorism‘cross‛ (from onside to the other)

wind è …………cross-wind ( = vent de travers)

‘dis‛ (= contrary) to agreeto appearto connect

è ……………disagreeè ………to disappearè … to disconnect

‘mis‛ (= not correctly) to adjust

to be aligned

to interpret

to match(= correspondre)

è …… to misadjust (= mal ajuster)

è to be misaligned (= être mal aligné)

è to misinterpret (= mal interprété)

è …… to mismatch (= mal associé)

‘over‛ (= above) (= excess)

to fly

to heat

to load(= charger)to speed

(= aller vite)

è …………… to overfly (= survoler)

è ……… to overheat (= surchauffer)

è ……… to overload (= surcharger)

è ………to overspeed (être en excès de vitesse)



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‘self‛ (= independant) to regulate

to position

è to self-regulate (= s‛auto-réguler)

è …to self-position (= s‛auto-positionner)

‘twin‛ (=double) aisle(= allée centrale)

engine(= moteur)

è …………twin-aisle (= à double allées)

è ………twin-engine (= bi-moteur)

‘un‛ (= negation) to do

happy

to lock(= verrouiller)related

safe

è ……………… to undo (= défaire)

è ………………unhappy (= malheureux)

è …………… to unlock (= déverrouiller)

è …………unrelated (= having no connection)

è …………………unsafe (= dangereux, risqué)

‘up‛ (= to ascend) (= to improve) (= to install)

stream(= cours d‛eau)

grade(= niveau)

set(= installer)

è ……………upstream (= en amont)

è …………to upgrade (= to improve quality)

è ……………… to set up (= to prepare)

è …………to be upset(= bouleverser)


(= excessive speed)è overspeed(= dangerous) safe è unsafe(= not enough pressure)è underpressure(= in direction contrary to) clock è counterclockwise(= control several points) check è cross-check(= auto-regulated)è self-regulated(= to unplug) connectè disconnect(= not share an opinion) agree è disagree(= too much weight) load è overload(= bringing up to date) date è update



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Selon la distance pour laquelle ces appareils seront utilisés, ils se classent en trois catégories : lesappareils court-courriers, les moyens-courriers, les longs-courriers.Depending on the distance these aircraft are capable of being operated, they fall into threemain categories : short-haul (= short-distance) carriers, medium-haul carriers or long-haulcarriers.------------------------------Le développement du transport aérien commercial remonte à la seconde moitié du vingtième siècle.The development of commercial air transport dates back to the second half of the 20thcentury.----------------------------------Le "Super-Constellation", quadri-réacteur à piston et à hélice fabriqué par Lockheed, annonça unenouvelle ère pour le transport aérien commercial en permettant aux appareils de voler au-dessus desnuages,

uaccept (to)èacceptanceadmit (to)èadmittanceadultèadulthoodagree (to)èagreementapprenticeèapprenticeshipbitterèbitternessbore (to)èboredomcertainècertaintychildèchilhoodcitizen-citizenship

whappyèhappinessillèillnessinvite (to)èinvitationkingèkingdomlightèlightnessneighbourèneighbourhoodoppose (to)èoppositionparentèparenthoodpermit (to)èpermissionprefer (to)èpreference

vdiscuss (to)èdiscussiondistantèdistanceemploy (to)èemployeeemploy (to)èemploymentemptyèemptinessexamine (to)èexamineeexecuteèexecutionfalseèfalsehoodfirmèfirmnessfriendèfriendship

xproductèproductionproposeèproposalrefugeèrefugeerefuse (to)èrefusalsecure (to)èsecuritystarèstardomunderstandèunderstandingweightlessèweightlessnesswillingèwillingnesswiseèwisdom

Si nécessaire,vérifiez latraductionfrançaise àl'aide d'un

dictionnaire



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The "Super Constellation" a pressurised four engined (piston engine) propeller-drivenaircraft manufactured by Lockheed, heralded a new era for commercial airtransport, allowing the plane to fly above bad weather.----------------------------------------------Cette possibilité d'innover en aérodynamique, en nouveaux matériaux, en structures et en avioniqueest une situation qu'on n'avait encore jamais rencontrée dans le monde des constructeursaéronautiques.This opportunity to be innovative in aerodynamics, new materials, structure and avionics is asituation the like of which had never been seen before in the world of aeronauticmanufacturing.


� - Depending on the distance these aircraft are capable of being operated, they fallinto three main categories : short-haul, medium-haul and long-haul carriers.� - As a flight attendant, spending most of your professional life in an airliner entitlesyou to some explanation on how an aircraft flies.� - The development of commercial air-transport dates back to the second half of thetwentieth century.� Lift is the upward force created by the effect of the airflow as it passes under andover the surface of the wing.� - Flaps will be extended at low speeds and during take-off and landing phases.

Chapter One (ex: 14)Connecting words�- The aircraft will take off (IF / SO THAT / AND) the weather clears up.�- The control system was inoperative (SO THAT / AND YET / UNLESS) theaircraft took off.�- The passengers will have a pleasant flight (DUE TO / UNLESS / AS A RESULT)the aircraft encounters air-turbulence.�- Seat-belts should be fastened (PROVIDED / UNTIL / UNLESS) theaircraftcomes to a standstill at its gate.�- The seats are worn out (IN SPITE OF / PROVIDED THAT / BECAUSE OF) theage of the aircraft.�- Each seat is extremely comfortable (SO / FURTHERMORE / AS) its back maybe manually reclined if necessary.�- The air-traffic controller enabled landing (UNTIL / SINCE / HOWEVER)visibility had greatly improved.



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Crossword chapter I Mots-croisés chapitre I



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Chapter TWO

Grammar : keys to exercisesChapter Two (ex: 01)

Answers not provided

Chapter Two (ex: 02)






Chapter Two (ex: 05

a) No. There are differences regarding the age limits and also height limits. There are alsodifferences regarding the distance you should have to swim.

b) Obviously the cabin crew must be in good shape and fit, so therefore, one‛s weight shouldcorrespond to one‛s height. There may be a minimum requirement since there could be a needto reach up and get things and there is possibly a maximum height since the aircraft is limitedin space.

c) Nationality should be such as to allow you to travel anywhere in the world. There should be norestrictions on your passport. If you wish to work in the UK, you should hold a European-member state passport.

d) Working in any customer service industry such as restaurant or catering. The tourist industryis probably another advantage. Finally, any service industry with people with special needs, suchas working with the elederly or children, and people with disabilities is good. In fact, anyindustry that takes care of others and that places the customer first.

e) Obviously, if you have worked in the service industry, you know what it is like dealing withpeople who are paying for a service. You have seen or experienced how to serve them, how todeal with them, how to treat them and above all how to solve any problems that might exist. Interms of passengers with special needs, experience in this field is good since it may improvethe image of the company and will allow a better type of service.

f) You may have to have a medical examination, and an eye test. You will also have to show thatyou are able to swim a required distance of approximately 25m.



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a) 7b) 8c) 9d) 4e) 1/5f) 3g) 2h) 1/5i) 6

Chapter Two (ex: 07)(cf. ex : 07 & 08)

- Pourquoi devenir PNC ?Moi c'est le hasard. On va dire que je n'ai pas terminé mes études. Mes parents ont beaucoup voyagé pendant monenfance, et je voulais retrouver un peu ce côté "je pars", "je voyage". J'ai eu des contacts avec l'extérieur parcequ'on a habité longtemps en Asie. C'est un besoin de partir vers l'étranger. C'est donc un peu pour ça que je suisdevenue PNC. Ensuite, on le reste parce que c'est très plaisant comme métier, très agréable.- Et vos collègues ? Ils le sont devenus par hasard également ?Oui je crois qu'il n'y a pas beaucoup de vocations. Les femmes qui disent "j'ai toujours rêvé d'être hôtesse del'air", je n'en ai pas croisé beaucoup.- Alors la vocation, qu'est-ce que ça voudrait dire ? Qu'est-ce qui attirerait un candidat à devenir PNC ?C'est très mitigé au niveau du brassage des candidats. Il y a des gens qui ont fait des études, qui se sontretrouvés là parce qu'il y avait un besoin d'évasion, un besoin de sortir du bureau, un besoin de rencontrer dumonde. Et puis, il y a ceux qui n'auront aucune formation, peut-être un bagage de langue qui les aura aidés à entrerdans ce métier. Je le vois davantage comme du hasard que comme une véritable vocation.- Le côté linguistique est déterminant pour être accepté par une compagnie et pour faire ce métier ?Oui cela fait parti des étapes demandées par les compagnies. Il faut au moins maîtriser une langue correctement.Je dirais qu‛il y a une obligation à maîtriser parfaitement une langue.- Au même titre que mal la maîtriser risque d'en barrer l'accès ?On ne dira pas "mal maîtriser une langue", … mais l'anglais, parce que l'anglais est en forte demande, c'est sûr.Cependant, les gens qui vont posséder par exemple une bonne maîtrise du Portugais, une bonne maîtrise de l'arabe,… cela va intéresser les compagnies. On va dire qu'une langue bien maîtrisée sera toujours intéressante pour unecompagnie. Maintenant si c'est l'anglais, c'est véritablement un plus. Si c'est l'anglais et une autre, c'est encoremieux. En un mot, il est clair que les langues vont être déterminantes dans le choix du personnel navigantcommercial.

1. T2. T3. F4. F5. T6. F7. T8. F9. T10. T



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(cf. ex : 09 & 10)

- En tant que personnel navigant commercial comment voyez-vous le passager, qu'imaginez-vousqu'il pense de vous dès lors qu'il vous aperçoit ?Ils pensent que nous sommes un peu comme si nous vous recevions à la maison. C'est l'hôtesse. C'estla véritable définition de l'hôtesse : la personne qui accueille, qui va mettre à l'aise, qui va recevoir,qui va servir. Les passagers attendent tout de nous, … et un peu n'importe quoi.Ensuite, lorsque ils se rendent compte que quelqu'un est malade et que l'on s'occupe de lui, ils vontêtre étonnés. Ils vont dire : "ah, vous avez une formation ?". Et c'est là qu'on leur dit "oui, nousavons une formation de secouriste". Souvent, ils sont très étonnés. Si l'on doit décrocher et utiliserun extincteur, ils sont ravis et rassurés de voir que l'on sait s'en servir.Ils sont également surpris de voir qu'il y a des extincteurs à bord.

Translation“They think it‛s like we were inviting them home. That‛s the hostess part of it. That‛s the realdefinition of hostess: the person who welcomes you, who is going to make you feel at ease, who isgoing to receive you, who is going to serve you. The passengers expect everything from us, … andsometimes just about anything.”

Ils pensent que nous sommes un peu comme si nous vous recevions à la maison. C'est l'hôtesse.C'est la véritable définition de l'hôtesse : la personne qui accueille, qui va mettre à l'aise, quiva recevoir, qui va servir. Les passagers attendent tout de nous, … et un peu n'importe quoi.



Chapter Two (ex: 11)1. T2. F3. T4. F5. T





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Grammar : keys to exercises(cf. ex : 11 & 12)- Si l'on revient à ce que vous disiez tout à l'heure : il n'y a pas beaucoup de gens qui ontune vocation pour devenir personnel navigant commercial, …. Cela semble étrange, parce quel'image que l'on a du personnel navigant commercial, c'est une image positive, qui est enviéepar beaucoup de gens, image de voyages, d'évasion. On a rarement l'idée de quelqu'un quifait ce métier parce qu'il n'avait rien d'autre à faire, ou pas autre chose à faire.Je ne crois pas que les gens partent en se disant : "je vais devenir hôtesse de l'air ou steward". Ilsvont se dire plutôt "je voudrais partir" et peut-être les gens vont penser à devenir diplomates oumédecins du monde. C'est en tout cas la façon dont j'ai vu le les choses au départ. Je n'ai paspensé à hôtesse de l'air au départ, bizarrement. Le métier à une bonne presse : c'est la renommée,c'est l'uniforme, ce sont des jolies femmes, ce sont des hommes beaux… mais à côté de cela, il y atout le côté négatif de "serveuse de l'air" qui intéresse pas les gens. Et le côté sécurité est trèsmal connu. En ce qui me concerne, quand j'ai commencé ma formation, j'ai été étonnée précisémentpar cette formation. Je ne m'attendais pas au côté technique, au côté médical. Et il n'y apratiquement vraiment que çelà. La formation n'est que cela. Ensuite, ce sont les compagniesaériennes qui s'occupent de faire la formation commerciale. Le relationnel, et tout cela, cela va sefaire par le moyen de stages en entreprises. Et cette formation-là est secondaire. Disons que l'oninsiste davantage sur le côté technique et sur le côté médical. C'est d'ailleurs notre licence, notrediplôme : le Certificat de Sécurité Sauvetage (CSS).



Chapter Two (ex: 14)1. admit ................................................................... admettre/avouer2. deceptions ........................................................ déceptions3. benefit ............................................................... savoir prendre le bon côté de4. I‛ve....................................................................... j‛ai (eu)5. angles .................................................................. côtés6. manage................................................................ gérer7. manageable........................................................ gérable8. bit ........................................................................ un petit peu (plus)9. crack of dawn................................................... à l‛aube/très tôt/ aux aurores10. put up with ........................................................ supporter11. hand..................................................................... confier à12. nanny ................................................................... nounou/nourrice13. guilt ..................................................................... culpabilité14. peace of mind ................................................... tranquilité15. downside ............................................................ le côté négatif



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1. Probably that the passenger considers the flight attendant to be inferior becausethey are providing a service for them, or because the passenger feels that they arenothing more than waitresses in the sky. They are sometimes disrespectful towardsthe flight attendants.

2. No. It may also be a question of the inability of the flight attendant to act on thesame level as the passenger. To provide the passenger with what he wants exactly orto respond to a demand that has been formulated.

3. It may also be because the passenger is in a bad mood and has boarded the aircraftlike that.

4. It is difficult to explain something clearly at the best of times in your own languageand even more difficult in a foreign language that you perhaps may not speakperfectly well.

5. Communication with the passengers depends on your level of the foreign language.That communication may be modified and the message that you are trying to pass onmay not be the same as the message that the passenger receives because there ismisunderstanding due to bad language skills.

(cf. ex : 13, 14 & 15)

- So, there is systematic training within that framework then: training that is re-evaluated?Re-evaluated every year: every year we follow a refresher course to practice using rescueequipment, to manage passengers, and also resuscitation and medical training. That‛s the basis ofour training, really. That‛s the security and rescue–side. Then, let‛s say that the job really startswith the welcoming and reception-side of things. The job rapidly came to the conclusion that therewas more to it and that it was more important. We started practicing evacuating the aircraft andsecurity. So, everything that is important in our job revolves around security, rescue and first aid.Then, what got added on to that was what makes each company individual: what the passenger getsto see, i.e. the welcoming on-board, the service provided. Really, what we imagine the profession tobe deep down inside.- You have already briefly mentioned the downside of the job, the deceptions one might have,and the mass of medical and technical training. Is there anything else? What do you expectfrom your profession? Tell us about your expectations and deceptions?I have to admit that I haven‛t had many deceptions. I have been in a position to benefit from thepositive effects of the job. It‛s a fabulous job. A job to dream of. I‛ve had fifteen great years!! Wecould speak about the angles that are difficult to manage or to organise. Particularly, for the flightattendants who have a family life.As a couple, life is always manageable. Between adults, you can always talk things through. It‛s trueto say that when we have children it gets a little bit more difficult: the nights when we are awayfrom home, the departures at the crack of dawn, late arrivals. Being away from home is certainlywhat is the most difficult for children to put up with. You have to hand them over to a nanny. There



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is also the feeling of guilt: you don‛t go off with peace of mind, or feeling happy. That‛s thedownside, the most difficult thing for us.- And in the profession proper, are there deceptions or less pleasant aspects of the job?Yes, for instance when the passenger looks down on us. We become just a simple airhostess. Andthat happens from time to time. It‛s also maybe an answer to the airhostess‛s attitude towards thepassengers. When the cabin-crew member is not able to act on the same level as the passenger.When the passenger expects something, has a request, such an attitude is possible. Sometimes, thebarrier of the language plays a role in that. It does happen that the passenger boards the plane in abad mood. Things have to be clearly explained then. In French that‛s easy, in a foreign language it‛sfar from easy. Depending on the language skills you have, communication with a passenger may bemodified.

- Il y a donc une formation très systématique dans ce cadre-là : une formation qui est réévaluée ?Réévaluée tous les ans : tous les ans nous sommes en stage pour nous exercer à la manipulation du matériel desecours, pour nous exercer à la gestion des passagers, à tout ce qui est un réanimation et médical. La base denotre métier c'est vraiment cela. C'est le côté sécurité et sauvetage. Ensuite, on dira que le métier a commencéavec le côté d'accueil et de réception. Le métier s'est rapidement rendu compte qu'il y avait autre chose de plusimportant. Et on s'est mis à pratiquer l'évacuation, la sécurité. Ainsi donc, le plus important de notre métiertourne autour de la sécurité, le secourisme, le sauvetage. Ensuite, s'est greffé par-dessus ce qui fait la différenceentre les compagnies aériennes : ce que le passager voit, c'est-à-dire l'accueil, la réception et le service. C'est-à-dire tel qu'on imagine la profession.- Vous avez déjà évoqué le côté négatif de la profession, les déceptions, la masse de la formation médicaleet technique. Y a-t-il autre chose ? Qu'attendez-vous de votre métier ? Parlez-nous des aspirations et desdéceptions ?Je dois avouer que je n'ai pas eu beaucoup de déceptions. J'ai su prendre le bon côté de ce métier. C'est un métierfabuleux. C'est un métier de rêve. Ç'a été pour moi quinze années géniales !! Parlons plutôt des côtés difficiles àgérer et à organiser. Particulièrement pour les hôtesses de l'air qui ont une vie de famille.En couple, la vie privée est toujours gérable. Entre adultes on arrive toujours en discuter. Il est vrai que dès quel'on a des enfants cela devient un petit peu plus difficile : les nuits où l'on est absent, les départs aux aurores, lesarrivées tardives. L'absence est certainement ce qui est le plus difficile à supporter pour les enfants. Il faut lesconfier à une nourrice. Il y a également le sentiment de culpabilité : on ne part pas tranquille, pas content. C'est làle côté négatif, le côté le plus difficile.- Et dans le métier proprement dit, y a-t-il des déceptions, des aspects moins agréables ?Oui, par exemple le regard du passager quand il est méprisant. On ne devient que l'hôtesse de l'air. Et ça arriveparfois. C'est peut-être également une réponse à l'attitude de hôtesse de l'air devant les passagers. Quand lepersonnel navigant commercial n'arrive pas à se mettre au niveau du passager. Quand le passager a une certaineattente, une certaine demande, une telle attitude est alors possible. Parfois également le barrage de la languejoue. Il arrive également que le passager entre dans l'avion mécontent. Il faut alors lui expliquer clairement. Enlangue française c'est facile, en langue étrangère ça l'est beaucoup moins. En fonction de la maîtrise la langue, lacommunication avec le passager s'en trouve modifiée.



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c.f. C.V. models p. 34 (chap. 2)


1. C'est un besoin de partir vers l'étranger.2. Il y a des gens qui ont fait des études, qui se sont retrouvés là parce qu'il y avait un

besoin d'évasion, un besoin de sortir du bureau, un besoin de rencontrer du monde.3. Et puis, il y a ceux qui n'auront aucune formation, peut-être un bagage de langue qui

les aura aidés à entrer dans ce métier.4. Il faut au moins maîtriser une langue correctement.5. Je dirais qu‛il y a une obligation à maîtriser parfaitement une langue.6. Cependant, les gens qui vont posséder par exemple une bonne maîtrise du Portugais,

une bonne maîtrise de l'arabe, … cela va intéresser les compagnies.7. Ils vont se dire plutôt "je voudrais partir" et peut-être les gens vont penser à

devenir diplomates ou médecins du monde.


1. Photo is not incorporated into the software. Just with a paper clip. Unprofessional-looking.

2. Name is in capital letters.3. Phone number does not have international dialling codes.

Sender‛s address

Receiver‛s addressDate

Dear Sir or Madam

Yours sincerely/Yours faithfullySignature

Sender‛s nameEncl.

Sender‛s addressSender‛s nameYours sincerelyYours faithfullyEncl.DateReceiver‛s addressSignatureDear Sir or Madam



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4. ‘France‛ is not mentioned.5. The DOB is given rather than the age.6. Professional experience is not in reverse chronological order.7. E-mail is not a professional address.8. Hobbies are not detailed enough.9. No point in listing all the countries you have ever visited.10. Baccalaureat needs to be translated into English.

Chapter Two (ex: 20) (a)

Chapter Two (ex: 20) (b)

Chapter Two (ex: 21) (a)

1. I never go to Sydney on long-haul flights.2. The passengers never ask such things.3. We always run through the safety procedures.4. I have always wanted to be a flight attendant.5. We might sometimes have a tough time with a passenger.6. I have rarely been treated badly by any of the passengers.7. It does sometimes happen that we have to ask the captain for his agreement.8. I have been to Moscow from time to time.

2 69 3

4

5

7

8 10 1

From "NEVER" on the left … to … "ALWAYS" on the right :

6. Toujours7. Jamais8. Rarement9. Rarement10. Parfois

1. Souvent2. De temps à autre3. De temps en temps4. Presque Jamais5. Occassionellement



- 21 -


Chapter Two (ex: 21) (b)1. Je ne vais jamais à Sydney en vol long courier2. Les passagers ne demandent jamais de telles choses.3. Nous suivons toujours les procédures de sécurité.4. J‛ai toujours voulu être PNC.5. Il est parfois difficile avec les passagers.6. Un passager m‛a rarement mal-traité.7. Il se peut parfois que nos ayons besoin de demander l‛accord du commandant de bord.8. Il m'est arrivé d'aller à Moscou de temps à autre.

Chapter Two (ex: 21) (c)Answers not provided

Chapter Two (ex: 22)Last week, demonstrators managed to hold the air traffic by marching along the runway. "If we don't protest,soon there will be (1) no more countryside left", they told the media.The project of creating a second regional airport is now well behind schedule. If the protesters had not held upthe project so often like this, it would have opened (2) two years ago."If these fields disappear (3), we shall never see them again", they claimed. "Why can't we use the train, instead? If more people travelled (4) on buses and trains more often, we wouldn't need a new airport." Some extremistseven went as far as to say that if planes had never existed, the world would be (5) a much more pleasant placetoday."But many, in the region, want this new airport : "If they don't build it (6) soon, the air traffic around thealready ageing regional airport will get worse. We can't afford to leave things as they are. If things remained thesame, commuters' lives would not improve (7) in the area."But conversely, if this new airport was finally build, people's health would suffer (8) even more from pollution ofevery kind here, noise pollution being the worst.For property owners around, life hasn't improved over the past few years: " If I had known (9) earlier how badthis situation would become, I would have moved (10) out years ago", said one of them.Now it has become impossible to sell any property because of the threat created by the new airport. Thegovernment waited too long. If they had done (11) something sooner, the situation would not be so criticaltoday. And the demonstrations are not making the situation any simpler. "If this goes on the the budget alreadyvoted will not be (= might not be) (12) sufficient to bring the whole project to completion.", said the airtransport minister last week.

William Lange, for News in English

Chapter Two (ex: 23)(1)- - What will your new destination be next month if the company accepts your promotion ?

- I wish ………………… the answer to that question.(a) could know (b) would know(c) knew (d) know

(2)- - There are far too many passengers and that type of aircraft for us to cope with safely.- That's true. ………………… we had a larger crew to look after them, that would really help.(a) If only (b) If presently(c) If really (d) If certainly



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Grammar : keys to exercises (3)- - There's always something wrong with this aircraft.

- If the company had any sense, they would ………………… long ago.(a) repairing it (b) have had it repaired(c) repair it (d) repaired it

(4)- - What are you going to do once we've landed ?- Oh, ………………… the debriefing is over, I'll rush straight home, I gather !(a) just while (b) just in case(c) unless (d) as soon as

(5)- - Haven't you got enough coffee left in your coffee-pot ?- Oh yes, I have got some left ………………… some passengers in the back might need more.(a) only for (b) just in case(c) so that (d) unless

(6)- - Do you reckon I should accept that new job as a flight attendant ?- You shouldn't do anything ………………… you feel that it is the right thing for you to do.(a) whether (b) just in case(c) unless (d) only if

(7)- - My birthday is on Saturday, Greg. ………………… cared for me, you would spend the day with me.(a) unless you (b) only you(c) provided you (d) if you only

(8)- - I just don't understand you sometimes !- Well if you ………………… about it, you would understand.(a) thought (b) will think(c) would have thought (d) would be thinking

(9)- - Do you understand that as a pilot I am part of a team.If I ………………… next time with them, I'd be letting the team down.(a) flew (b) didn't fly(c) would fly (d) wouldn't fly

(10)- - Oh please, can I stay with you ?O.K., you can stay ………………… you keep silent all the time !(a) unless that (b) although that(c) provided that (d) only that


(1)- The reason why my friend is so successful is that she is lucky.ð In fact, if she wasn't so lucky, she would not be so successful.

(2)- Yesterday, flying on VFR the pilot couldn't spot the runway because the fog was too thick.ð You know, if the fog hadn't been so thick, the pilot would have been able to spotthe runway.

(3)- We could not serve coffee anymore to all the passengers because we had run out of it.ð How annoying ! But if we hadn't run out of coffee, we would have been able toserve (= we could have served) coffee to all passengers.



- 23 -

Grammar : keys to exercises (4)- The new flight attendant didn't perceive the lady was not feeling too well because he was too busy.

ð Of course, if the new flight attendant hadn't been so busy, he would haveperceived (that) the lady was not feeling too well.

(5)- The man suffers from stress because he is on duty all the time.ð The truth is that if he wasn't on duty all the time, the man would not sufferfrom stress.

(6)- The aircraft cannot take-off on schedule because there is too much traffic.ð Obviously, if there wasn't so much traffic, the aircraft would (be able to)takeoff on schedule.

(7)- You can't visit Manhattan this time because the New York stopover is too short.ð But in fact, if the New York stopover wasn't so short, you would visit Manhattan.

(8)- the old lady cannot queue up for hours on end because her back is aching.ð If the old lady's back was not aching, she would be able to queue up for hours on end.

(9)- The simple reason why I don't buy first-class tickets is that I cannot afford them.ð Not surprisingly, if I could afford them, I would buy first-class tickets.

(10)- The noise level is so high inside the aircraft that it prevents her from clearly hearing thesoundtrack of the film projected on board.

ð Just too bad !! But if the noise inside the aircraft was not so high, she would beable to clearly hear the soundtrack of the film.



- 24 -

Crossword chapter II Mots-croisés chapitre II



- 25 -

Chapter Three

Grammar : keys to exercisesChapter Three (ex: 01)I imagine that any flight attendant has to get to work well in advance to start preparing the thingsthat will have to be checked during the flight. Probablt, there will be a meeting with the otherflight attendnat before and probably they will have to run through the safety procedures and anyspecial requirements of passengers that might be on that flight that day. I also imagine they mightdiscuss the times of the scheduling and when they will leave or how long they will spend on thestopover, if there is one. They might also discuss whether the flight is delayed or not and for whatreason, so they will be able to deal with any customer requirements or questions that could arise.

Chapter Three (ex: 02)1. twenty past four2. half past five3. 9.20 pm (nine twenty p.m.)4. twenty to six5. midday6. midnight7. 0700 hours (oh seven hundred hours)8. 1100 hours (eleven hundred hours)9. 7.30 am

Chapter Three (ex: 03)Eight twenty a.m.Oh six hundred hoursEight thirty p.m.Eight fifteenEight forty fiveNine fifty fiveFive past tenEight oh five p.m.Six thirty a.m.Five p.m.

Chapter Three (ex: 04)1. d)2. e)3. a)4. b)5. c)6. f)



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Chapter Three (ex: 05)


Chapter Three (ex: 07)a) Ticket ð The other two are used as identification documents for travel.b) Fare ð Fare is the price and the other two are types of tickets.c) Cabin attendant ð A person who works in the cabin. The other two carry your luggage.d) Carousel ð This is the moving belt from where you collect your luggage when you arrive at

the destination airport.e) Passport ð The others are all connected with seating on the plane.f) Miss a flight ð You do not take the plane. In the other two we are describing scheduling of

take-off.g) Cabin ð You need a claim check if your suitcase does not turn up on the carousel.h) Stop-over ð The other two are related to pricing of tickets.

He arrived at the terminal and spent half anhour walking round in circles, as he couldn‛tfind a trolley. When he eventually did gethold of one … they were right by the airlinecounter, so there really wasn‛t much pointafter all. He looked on the screen to seewhere he had to check in and went straightthere. He just couldn‛t imagine what wouldhappen if he missed the plane. He queuedand it really was quite quick after all. Hechecked in and handed the lady hiselectronic ticket reference number. Shechecked his passport and weighed hisbaggage.

a) boarding areab) baggage reclaim stubc) trolleyd) to stop over



- 27 -

Grammar : keys to exercisesChapter Three (ex: 08)


a) Avez-vous votre billet, s‛il vous plaît ?b) Est-ce que vous avez fait vos baggages vous-même ?c) Est-ce quelqu‛un vous a demandé de transporter quelquechose ?d) Est-ce que vous avez laissé vos baggages sans surveillance ?e) Voulez-vous un siège côté couloir ou côté hublot ?f) L‛embarquement sera à 14.30, veuillez regarder les écrans car il n‛y aura pas d‛annonce.g) Vous pouvez vous présenter à la porte d‛embarquement immédiatement.h) Je crains que votre valise ne dépasse quelque peu la limite de poids autorisé.i) Est-ce que vous transportez des objets pointus ou dangeureux ?j) Je suis désolé, Monsieur, mais un seul baggage à main par passager est autorisé.k) Je vous ai enregistré jusqu‛à Sydney, alors vous n‛avez rien à faire à votre arrivé à Singapour.l) Voici vos cartes d‛émbarquement.m) Bon voyage !n) Je crains que la porte d'embarquement soit sur le point de fermer, Madame.o) Oui, tous nos vols sont des vols non-fumeurs, Monsieur.p) Vous faites escale à Amsterdam.q) Oui, Monsieur, pour l‛instant le vol est à l‛heure.r) Je suis désolé de devoir vous informer que le vol sera retardé pour des raisons techniques.

Chapter Three (ex: 10)1. B2. E3. C4. D5. F6. A

a) Billetb) Prix du billetc) Steward/PNCd) Tapise) Passeportf) Rater un aviong) Cabineh) Escale



- 28 -


a) Peintureb) Eau de javelc) Allumettesd) Feux d‛artificee) Cierges magiquesf) Poisonsg) Gaz à briqueth) Diluanti) Dissolvantj) Produit pour déboucher les canalisationsk) Radeau auto-gonflablel) Scaphandre autonome

Chapter Three (ex: 12)a) I am afraid I have forgotten to put this nail file in my hand luggage. What should I do?b) Can I take this toy rifle for my grandson onto the plane or do I have to check it?c) I have got a box of matches and a lighter in my hand luggage. Am I allowed to take them on the

plane?d) I have a pot of paint in my luggage that‛s going into the hold. That won‛t be a problem will it?e) Can I take fireworks onto the plane or can I check them and put them in the hold, please, miss?f) I‛d like to take this wet-shave razor onto the plane, only it is a long flight and I have a meeting

to go to. I am sure you understand.g) I wonder if you can tell me if it is possible to transport scuba-diving equipment in the hold of

your planes, please?h) Look I am doing up a house in the south of France and needed this solvent. It‛s going to be ok if

I take it on the plane. It hasn‛t been opened or anything.i) I always have a knife with me, you know…I do a lot of hiking and you never know when it might

be handy…that‛s not a problem, eh?

Chapter Three (ex: 13)Some of the vocabulary that might be used to describe the pictures.

Check-in counterAirline counterDeskCheck-in agentTo queueSuitcaseLuggageHand-LuggageBeltLabelTo check-inTo weighTicket

Electronic ticketTo upgradeStubPassportIdentity cardInternational flightDomestic flightTo be over the limitTo go throughPassport controlDeparture loungeDeparture zoneTo check



- 29 -

Grammar : keys to exercisesChapter Three (ex: 14) (a)

Chapter Three (ex: 14) (b)

Chapter Three (ex: 15)Baggage policy :

Baggage policy has lately been changed by airline companies.Strict weight restriction for hand luggage have been removed but you must be able to lift yourown luggage unassisted into the overhead locker.According to air safety professionals, the changes will help reduce airport queues. An airlinecannot be so irresponsible as to allow passengers to put 40 or 50 kg carry on bags in theoverhead locker. If the locker door pops open in turbulence, the person sitting under thefalling bag is likely to be severely hurt.For a majority of airline companies the maximum weight for any bag accepted on any flight willbe 23 kg. Further more, all passengers carrying hand baggage must be able to lift their bagunassisted into the overhead locker or it will be placed in the hold of the aircraft for theduration of the flight. The new policy has been fully approved by the Civil Aviation Authority.

j Eddiesè : …………………………………………………………. (turbulence)k Modificationsè : ………………………………………………(changes)l Limitationè : …………………………………………………… (restriction)m Overhead Compartmentè : ……………………………(overhead locker)nWounded è : ………………………………………………………(hurt)o Unaided è : …………………………………………………………(unassisted)p Suppressed è : ………………………………………………… (removed)q Acceptedè : ………………………………………………………(approved)s Suddenly opens upè : ………………………………………(pops open)s to heave è : ……………………………………………………… (to lift)

a-…20Kgb-…25Kgc-…200Kgd-…1.30pme-…12.50pmf-…11.40amg-…23.00H

h-…16.00Hi-…16.30Hj-…gate 4k-…gate 14l-…gate40m-…gate 13n-…gate 30

o-…gate 15p-…gate 50q-…gate 16r-…gate 60s-…flight BA 495t-…flight BA 604u-…flight AF 275v-…flight AF 209

i) Jonesj) Jeffreysk) Jeffersonl) Petersm) Parsn) Parsonso) Healy

a) Haleyb) Hardingc) Guthried) Kendrye) Ketteringf) Draperg) Clementsh) Everist



- 30 -



Chapter Three (ex: 17 a + b)

Announcement :For those passengers seated in our Club World in the forward cabin and ino O O o o O o o o O O o o O o O o o othe over-the-wing exits, could I ask you to make o O o o O O o(o) o o O o o Osure that the floor area around your seats is clear and that all items areO(o) o o O Oo(o) o O o O o O o o O O o ostowed in the overhead lockers. O (o) o o O o O O o

Announcement :Please now fasten your seatbelt ready for departure and make yourself O o o O o o O o O o o o O o o O o Ocomfortable. Thank you. O o o o O oa)Announcement :If you have a wheely bag with you, could I ask you to place it into theO o O o O o O o O O o O o o O o O o ooverhead locker with the wheels first.O o o O o o o O(o) O

Announcement :Some of your cabin crew today speak Chinese and will be happy to help you O o o O o O o O O O o o o o O o o O oduring the flight.O o o O

Announcement :On today‛s flight we have a Korean interpreter with us, X. Please feel free o o O O O O o o O o o O o o O o -- O (o) O O to ask him (her) for help. o O o o o O



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Announcement :Good morning/Good afternoon/Good evening, ladies and gentlemen. o O o o O o o o O(o) o O o o O o o

We welcome all the passengers who joined us in Amsterdam. o O o o o O o o o O o o O o o

My name is X, and I am your Purser/Chief Purser. Captain Y and the crewO o o -- o O o o O o O O o O o -- o o O

are happy to have you on this A340. o O o o O o o o O ooo

We are sorry for our delay in departure. o o O o o o o O o o O o

We‛ll be attending to your comfort and safety all through the flight to o o o O o o o O o o O o O O o O oHong Kong.O O

…operated jointly with X.O o o o O o o --

All mobile phones should now be switched off until we arrive at our parkingO O o O o o o O o o o O o o o o o o o O ostand.o o

Please fasten your seatbelt securely. o O o o O o o Oo o

On behalf of X, we wish you a very enjoyable flight. O o o o O o o o o O o o o o



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Grammar : keys to exercisescf. ex. 19

Quelle est la journée d'un personnel navigant commercial ? À partir du moment où vous arrivez, alors mêmeque le passager n'est pas encore parti de chez lui ? Vous êtes déjà sur place, avant même d'entrer dansl‛avion : qu'y a-t-il comme préparation ? Comment se prépare un vol ?La préparation commence déjà par la mise d‛uniforme. C'est une étape importante, c'est un conditionnement, unemanière de se préparer, de se maquiller, de se coiffer. Tout cela se fait chez soi. C'est déjà se mettre dansl'esprit.- Avez-vous des consignes particulières en ce qui concerne le maquillage ?Oui tout cela est très strict : maquillage et coiffure. On ne peut pas faire ce que l‛on veut. Je ne sais pas ce qu'ilse passe pour les autres compagnies, c'est en tout cas ce qui se passe dans notre compagnie. C‛est différent selonles compagnies, mais chez nous, le port de l‛uniforme est très réglementé. On a tout un manuel là-dessus qui nousdit ce qu‛on peut faire, ce que l‛on ne peut pas faire. A l‛arrivée à la compagnie, une heure et demie avant le vol, oncommence par un debriefing : l‛équipage se rencontre puisque theoriquement on ne se connaît pasUn nouvel équipage à chaque nouveau vol, potentiellement différent ?Absolument


1. Probably because getting ready is a ritual of being in a state of mind. Flight attendants have along day and have to be almost ‘on show‛ constantly in front of the passengers. They have tolook good and feel good about themselves. Getting ready is a ritual in any job but here it is allthe more important. It is a step to preparing oneself for the job to come and the flight theywill board.

2. Yes, it is probably too strict, but in any job in which we have to meet the public, and in whichwe are particularly ‘watched‛, as it were, it is essential to look the part and to fit the bill. Manycompanies, and not just airlines, around the world have similar guidelines. They wish to have animage and after all everybody knows today that brands are built on images and are what makeus adhere to corporate culture.

3. It must definitely be hard to adapt at first to such a changing situation. But, I guess thatthere might also be benefits such as never falling into complacency or relying too heavily oncolleagues. It could also be an advantage if ever you had someone that didn‛t pull their weightin a situation. You know that it wouldn‛t be for long. That the next flight, you would be withsomeone else and things would be different. It would be good also for making sure that you didyour utmost with people you didn‛t know at all or hardly. You would have to be flexible. But,that today is the prerequisite of any job…or many a job!

cf. ex. 20-21- Pour quelle raison ? Est-ce que cela ne pose pas un problème pour souder les équipes ? Est-ce que celapose un problème de relationnel de rencontrer des gens toujours différents, de travailler avec des gensqu‛on ne connaît pas ?Je vais faire un parallèle. J‛ai travaillé dans une autre compagnie qui était une petit structure et où tout le mondese connaissait. Ca a d‛ailleurs été difficile pour moi de commencer dans celle-ci où je ne connaissais personne, oùl‛on ne connaît personne à chaque vol. À chaque fois, c‛est un recommencement encore une fois. Il faut seprésenter…donc c‛est lourd. Cela dit, c‛est vrai que lorsqu‛on se connaît tous il y a peut-être un petit peu de laisser-aller, on est peut-être un petit peu moins carré- On fait moins d‛effort parce qu‛on connaît les autres ?



- 33 -


Exactement. Et donc cela a ses travers et ses avantages… mais je pense que le système est ainsi ici parce qu‛on esttrès nombreux, on est 15 000, chacun a ses demandes : chacun veut un week-end, chacun veut rester chez lui unmercredi… Il est impossible de faire un équipage qui se suive tout le temps.- Mais vous rencontrez des gens que vous connaissez ?Ah oui, on se recroise bien sûr. Alors, on peut ne pas se revoir pendant cinq ans et puis faire trois vols d‛affiléeensemble. Comme quoi, ce sont les hasards du planning.

Chapter Three (ex: 20)1. Everbody knows and sees everybody else every day of the working week. There must be people

who get on and people who don‛t. Group dynamics has proved that we go through periods offirstly ‘sniffing people out‛ that we don‛t know. In other words, we are wary of them and watchhow they react. Once we get used to them we relax and drop our guard. But, there are pointsof over-familiarity that we reach and either we have to readjust to situations and people thatwe are with every day, or there is a conflict that may arise. In larger companies, this does nottend to happen so much. We are more anonymous and perhaps don‛t tend to stand out as muchin the crowd.

2. Yes and no. It is good because we can get to meet new people. That can be interesting. But,perhaps, sometimes, it might also be superficial. We never really get to know people wellenough. But, in terms of professionalism, it is probably an excellent idea.

3. Silly things such as remembering names and who people are might pose a problem. Mixing peopleup and maybe making mistakes, or putting our foot in it, when we shouldn‛t.

4. A large company is always more difficult to run than a smaller one. In particular, when thinkingof basic things like sorting out schedules and planning meetings. There might also be theproblem of premises that are large enough, parking spaces that can cater to the needs of theemployees and even cafeterias and coffee or vending machines.

5. Perhaps, it might get boring having to repeat who you are and where you come from and soforth all the time. Certainly, if we had to do it every day then we might get tired of it and itmight get us down a little. But, for any flight attendant this is all part of the job…and whoknows…that might be what they are looking for: meeting new people is interesting and funafter all.

Chapter Three (ex: 21)Answers not provided

( recorded document n° ?)cf. ex. 20-21

- Donc il y a une distance qui se créée entre les gens car du fait de ne pas se connaître…D‛ailleurs sur long courrier cela se passe comme ça, parce que sur moyen courrier cela va être différent. Quand onva partir sur le premier vol, à l‛aller, personne ne se connaît, c‛est très distant, c‛est très froid, tout le monde seregarde, se jauge... Mais le vol de retour est généralement très, très différent parce qu‛on a passé un ou deuxjours en escale et donc c‛est beaucoup plus détendu, ce sont deux vols différents, très différents. On se connaît,on a déjà travaillé ensemble, on sait comment l‛autre va travailler, ça va être plus facile parce qu‛on sait ce qui vaêtre fait et pas fait. Donc le vol de retour, c‛est le vol d‛un équipage qui se connaît déjà- Et pour l‛aller cela doit êtreplus difficile, … pour des choses toutes simples comme par exemple pour les prénoms, de se rappeler qui est qui…



- 34 -


Oui, surtout sur des gros porteurs où l‛on peut être jusqu‛à 17 ou 18 dans l‛équipage, c‛est vrai que pour lesprénoms…mais d‛ailleurs c‛est très bien fait ici dans cette compagnie, on a des fiches avec le poste de chacun. Eton indique son prénom.- Donc à l‛arrivée vous avez un briefing. Qu‛y-a-til dans le briefing exactement ?On décortique le vol. C‛est là qu‛on apprend le prénom de chacun, quelle langue il parle, c‛est surtout le chef decabine que ça va intéresser d‛ailleurs, savoir qui va pouvoir converser en allemand, en anglais, en chinois, enportugais. On va donner les particularités du vol, les particularités des passagers, si l'on des handicapés, desenfants. On va décortiquer tout le côté commercial, nombre de passagers, le type de prestation, le type de repas(déjeuner, snack) ce qu‛on va servir, le film qui va être présenté. Et ensuite les particularités au niveau technique :quel type d‛avion, 747, 767 : cela ne va pas être traité de la même façon ; quel type de version de cabine (si on ades premières classes, des classes économiques)


-(1)-F / -(2)-F / -(3)-T / -(4)-T / -(5)-T

Chapter Three (ex: 23)1. The outbound flight is the first time theat the crew comes into contact. They don‛t know each

other and they might not be completely at ease. They might have their guard up with theothers, so to speak. To be honest, it is understandable, when you don‛t know anybody. You areperhaps more protective and don‛t loosen up very much and relax. The inbound flight would bedifferent as people have already been with each other in the work environment and they havealso spent a few days together on the stop-over, at least on long-haul journeys.

2. Short-haul flights might not be the same sort of atmosphere since the only time that you arewith the people is in the work environment. Nobody has that much time to get to know theother people before they have to turn the aircraft round and get back on board for the returnleg of the journey. Nobody has time to let off steam, relax and just chill out with the othersover a coffee or visiting a town, or something like that.

3. The following would be discussed or mentioned:· The crew names and positions· The languages spoken· Special needs and disabled passengers· Meal service – snack or full meal· The food that will be served· Entertainment and films available· Type of plane and cabin configuration and stations.

4. The passengers are always interested in what they are going to be having in terms of food anddrink and also the entertainment side of things. They like to feel that their holiday is beginningas soon as they step on the plane and almost require the service that goes with that feeling. Itis part of the job and also the image of every airline company on long-haul flights. Flightattendants should be in a position to inform the passenger when he has a question. If a flightattendant doesn‛t know something as basic as what the passengers will be eating and drinking,then are the passengers going to feel completely safe in their hands? Probably not.



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- Et vous travaillez à chaque fois dans le même poste ?Différent. On choisit les postes en fait.- Et il y a des pré-requis pour les postes ?Non. En général le plus ancien va commencer par choisir son poste- Avec un choix préférentiel sur les premières classes ?Non ça dépend des gens. Ca dépend complètement des gens. Moi j‛adore travailler en première et il y a des gens quin‛aiment pas. C'est en effet beaucoup plus de salamalecs… En général, il y a beaucoup de femmes qui font lapremière classe, ou alors (et il n‛y a aucun racisme) des homosexuels parce qu‛ils ont ce goût de recevoir…Effectivement c‛est recherché plus par ces personnes-là, et plutôt plus âgées, c‛est vrai. Les personnes plus jeunesvont préférer la classe économique, quand ils auront le choix. Mais c‛est vrai que la première classe c‛est silencieux,tranquille, mais il y a beaucoup de travail : c‛est un service qui est très lourd mais qui est beaucoup plus calme.Alors que l‛économique, c‛est plus vite fait, mais en revanche, c‛est très bouillonnant, ça bouge tout le temps, lespassagers sont tout le temps debout, il y a des enfants, il y a du bruit, ce sont des ambiances différentes.

Chapter Three (ex: 25)- How long does the briefing last: 20 minutes, half an hour ?That will all depend on the flight, particularities, but let‛s say a good twenty minutes: it‛s also atthat moment that the pilots turn up and introduce themselves to us, to give their particularities, asthey also have technical requirements for the flights, and that‛s when they fill us in on all of thatinformation.- Technical particularities? Could you explain further?Well, if for example there is a breakdown on the aircraft: there are breakdowns that we areallowed to take off on. So, that‛ll be explained. A silly breakdown: a seat that doesn‛t work. Therewon‛t be a passenger sitting there, as the back can‛t be brought up into the upright position. That‛sthe sort of thing. Then, there might be a particular requirement for the cockpit…for example theflight attendant call button might not be working correctly and so we‛ll have to run checks beforetaking off. Finally, they‛ll run through how we are going to work together. You know there is thesame environment, but particularities according to the type of person: such and such a pilot willwork in one way and another in another way.- When the captain and the pilots arrive have they already boarded the aircraft?No, they are in the same position as us. They arrive and first come straight to the company. They gethold of their documents. I mean: technical documents for the plane and then the commercial documentstoo. The captain is supposed to know all about that, and the weather, the flight route. They can‛t take thedecision there and then to ground that particular plane. It‛s only once they have boarded the aircraftthat they can do that. In fact, they can take the decision to ground the plane and not take off if thebreakdown proves to be something essential. Then we‛ll have to wait for the technical department to turnup and they‛ll say something like "we‛ll know in an hour". So, that means we‛ll already be an hour late. Weagree to meet up in an hour at a precise point and decide to leave or not.

Le briefing dure combien de temps, vingt minutes, une demi-heure ?Cela va dépendre des vols, des particularités, mais on va dire vingt bonnes minutes : c‛est aussi à ce moment-là queles pilotes nous rejoignent, se présentent eux-mêmes, pour nous donner leurs particularités car ils ont desparticularités techniques aussi sur les vols, et c‛est là qu‛ils nous transmettent leurs informations.



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- Particularités techniques, c‛est-à-dire ?Et bien si par exemple il y a une panne sur un avion : il y a des pannes avec lesquelles on peut partir. Donc ils vontnous expliquer. Une panne bête : un siège qui ne marche pas. Et bien ce siège-là on ne mettra pas de passagerdessus parce qu‛il ne se relève pas. Voilà, ce genre de chose-là. Puis ça peut être une particularité au niveau duposte de pilotage…par exemple l‛appel des PNC ne fonctionne pas correctement, donc on fera tel test avant departir. Enfin ils nous décrivnt comment on va travailler. Parce qu‛il y a un cadre mais il y a des particularités enfonction des personnes : tel pilote va travailler comme ceci, un autre comme cela.- Lorsque le commandant de bord et les pilotes arrivent, est-ce qu'ils ont déjà visité l'avion ?Non ils sont comme nous. Ils sont d'abord arrivés à la compagnie. Ils ont pris connaissance de leur documents.C'est-à-dire : les fiches techniques de l'avion, les fiches commerciales également. Le commandant de bord estcensé connaître tout cela, la météo, le plan de vol. A ce moment-là ils ne peuvent pas prendre la décision dedécoller ou pas avec cet avion-là. Ce n'est qu'après l'avoir investi qu'ils pourront le faire. En réalité, ils peuventprendre la décision de ne pas partir s'il se révèle qu'il y a une panne essentielle. À ce moment-là on attend latechnique et ils nous disent "on saura dans une heure". On va donc déjà prendre une heure de retard. On se donnerendez-vous dans une heure à un endroit précis et l'on décide du départ ou pas.

Chapter Three (ex: 26) (a)- During that time do you remain at the airport, on the plane?In fact, in the company, we‛re right next to the airport. We have a place called OperationalManagement, where there are our lockers and where we keep our documents, the changes to ourannouncement manual, etc…- At this moment are you in a room with just the plane crew or are you with other membersof staff?In the Operational Management building, there are various different sectors (America, Asia, etc.),the pilots on their side. Then part of this building is used for the briefing rooms (there must betwenty or so briefing rooms), and it‛s in those rooms that the crew meet up. If we have to wait alittle longer than anticipated, then we tend to split up and go our separate ways, to go and eat or dosomething else, etc.Then we meet up in the briefing room or in the baggage room to find out if we are going to take offand in what conditions.- What happens after the briefing?The crew takes the bus to the aircraft. On board the plane, we get acquainted with the aircraft.First contact with the maintenance staff who are already on site, and who to be honest arrive assoon as the aircraft gets there: the maintenance staff are there to welcome the aircraft, as itwere. The same staff are there when the aircraft takes off, to check that everything goesaccording to plan and to perhaps deal with any breakdowns. The crew then take charge of theaircraft: we make our safety and security checks (the whole aircraft must be searched to makesure that nothing has been left behind, or hidden) so there are no problems. The cabin crew doesthat job. The safety and security of the aircraft is the responsibility of those who are outbound;it‛s not worth getting a different crew to do the work. It‛s also the opportunity for the crew todiscover the aircraft…- And if you discover something suspect, what do you do?In the event of that arising, we call the police. We react like that when we have the slightestdoubt: the slightest baggage, the slightest suspicious thing. We touch nothing, we move nothing, andwe open nothing: we just get the appropriate people to check what we find. They are the ones whoare responsible for that sort of thing. And all of this can of course lead to further delays for thedeparture of the aircraft.



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Pendant ce temps, vous restez à l'aéroport, à bord de l'avion ?Dans la compagnie en réalité, nous sommes proches de l'aéroport. Nous avons un lieu appelé "la direction des opérations",où se trouvent les casiers où nous conservons nos documents, les changements dans nos carnets d'annonce, etc…- À ce moment-là vous vous retrouvez dans une salle où ne se trouve que le personnel de l'avion en question oubien est-ce que vous vous mélez à d'autre personnel ?Dans ce bâtiment donc, "la direction des opérations", se trouvent les différents secteurs (Amérique, Asie, etc.), lespilotes de leur côté. Puis une partie de ce bâtiment est consacrée aux salles de briefing (il doit y avoir une vingtaine desalles de briefing), et c'est dans ces salles de briefing que l'équipage se retrouve. S'il se révèle que l'on doit attendre pluslongtemps, on va s'éparpiller, aller manger, vaquer à une occupation quelconque, etc. Ensuite, on se retrouvera en salle debriefing ou en salle de bagages pour savoir si l'on part et dans quelles conditions.- Que se passe-t-il après le briefing ?L'équipage prend le bus qui l'amène à l'avion. Dans l'avion, prise de contact avec l'avion. Prise de contact avec le personnelde maintenance qui est déjà sur place, qui en réalité arrive dès que l'avion est là : ce personnel est là pour le réceptionner.Ce même personnel est également là lorsque l'avion repart, afin de vérifier que tout se passe normalement et pouréventuellement dépanner. L'équipage à ce moment-là prend l'avion en compte : nous faisons nos contrôles sûreté-sécurité(il y a fouille complète de l'appareil pour vérifier que rien n'est oublié, ou caché) afin qu'il n'y ait pas de problème. C'estdonc le personnel navigant qui effectue cela. La notion de sûreté-sécurité engage ceux qui partent, inutile de faireintervenir une équipe différente. C'est également l'occasion pour le personnel navigant de découvrir l'avion…- Et si vous découvrez quelque chose suspect, que faites-vous ?Dans ce cas-là, nous appelons la police. Nous agissons ainsi dans le moindre doute : le moindre bagage, la moindre chose qui nousparaît suspecte. On ne touche pas, on ne déplace pas, on n'ouvre pas : on fait tout simplement vérifier par le personnelapproprié. C'est eux qui sont responsables dans ces cas-là. Tout cela peut retarder le départ de l'avion d'autant.

Chapter Three (ex: 26) (b)1. lockers ............................................................................... casiers2. manual ................................................................................ carnet3. to split up ......................................................................... s'éparpiller4. to go our separate ways............................................... vaquer à une occupation quelconque5. to take off ....................................................................... partir6. to happen .......................................................................... se passer7. to get acquainted ........................................................... prendre contact avec8. to be honest .................................................................... en réalité9. as soon as.......................................................................... dès que10. breakdowns ...................................................................... des pannes11. outbound ........................................................................... ceux qui partent12. to be not worth............................................................... inutile de13. to arise .............................................................................. arriver/ dans ce cas-là14. slightest............................................................................ le moindre15. to lead to .......................................................................... entraîner

Chapter Three (ex: 26) (c)Translation / Traduction“L'équipage à ce moment-là prend l'avion en compte : nous faisons nos contrôles sûreté-sécurité (il y a fouille complète de l'appareil pour vérifier que rien n'est oublié, ou caché)afin qu'il n'y ait pas de problème. C'est donc le personnel navigant qui effectue cela.”



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Grammar : keys to exercisesChapter Three (ex: 27) (a)a) Passengers generally get to the airport about 45 minutes before the flight actually takes off,

or at least is scheduled to take off. For long-haul flights this is the norm. But, for short-haulflights the time may probably be a little bit shorter, although this is not mentioned.

b) Flight attendants get on board about one hour and ten minutes before the flight takes off.They carry out checks for about twenty minutes and then they are ready to welcome thepassengers.

c) Yes, it does seem a little surprising that they only have so very little time to get things donebefore the passengers start getting on board. They probably have to work pretty quickly tomeet the deadline and fit in with the scheduling.

d) Checklist:· Communications· Interphones· "public address system"· emergency exits· emergency lighting· security and safety· commercial merchandisee) The captain is the person with the entire responsibility of both the aircraft and the crew

members. It is also the person who is necessary in all the decision-making processes of theplane. Without his say-so nothing can happen. He is the supreme commander on the flight.

À cet instant-là, combien de temps avons-nous avant que les passagers n'arrivent ?En règle générale, les passagers sur long-courriers arrivent à H – 45mn. Ainsi, le personnel navigantest monté à bord une heure et dix minutes avant le vol. On a donc environ entre 20 et 25 minutespour toutes ces opérations de vérifications dont nous venons de parler. Nous avons également àopérer toutes les vérifications de concert avec les pilotes, par exemple vérifier les communications,vérifier les interphones, vérifier le "public address", les issues de secours, l'éclairage desecours…Donc, en réalité le début vol consiste en des contrôles de sûreté-sécurité, et desvérification du commercial. Quarante-cinq minutes avant le départ, c'est donc l'arrivée despassagers. Cela se fait toujours avec l'accord du commandant de bord. Le "sol" envoie les passagerset nous les réceptionnons…

Chapter Three (ex: 27) (b)Answers not provided



Chapter Three (ex: 29) 6. Having7. Refusing8. To give9. Working10. Speaking

1. To inform2. To sit3. Working/to work4. To serve5. To speak



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1. He'll believe it when he sees it.2. I will not (won't) get a new one before tonight.3. I shall stay (I'll stay) here until he answers me.4. She will not (won't) come until you are ready.5. Don't step off the bus till it stops.6. We shall go as soon as she arrives (has arrived).7. We'll be ready before you count ten.8. Ask him and he will tell you when you get there.9. I'll give it back to him as soon as he wants it.10. The flat will stay empty till we return.11. I don't think he will send us a message before he arrives.12. I will not (won't) move / shall not (shan't) move from here until you tell me.13. It will be seen to by the time you come back.14. Shall we go to a café when this concert is over ?15. She'll eat strawberries until she looks like them.16. I 'll have a suit made as soon as I arrive in New York.17. My daughter will come and see you before she leaves for England.18. I'll tell you a secret as soon as every one goes out.19. I shall expect it to be ready the very moment she comes in.20. My mother will not believe you till you show her the ring.21. Do you think auntie will sew my buttons on for me when they come off ?22. You won't forget to lock up the house before you go out, will you ?23. You must (will have to) explain to father as soon as he arrives home.24. We must wait until the postman delivers the mail.


Much / Many / Little / Few :

1)- He has few friends.2)- There's much fog today.3)- It presents many difficulties.4)- He has much difficulty / … much trouble.5)- … much traffic on the roads.6)- … not many cars …7)- … not much tea in the teapot.8)- There was little milk left.9)- … and very few biscuits (left).10)- There were few people.11)- There was not much time left.…12)- He had little money left.



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Used to / Would(1)- He used to work late at night, but now he is tired.(2)- When they were students, they used to drink a lot; now, they've become more mature.(3)- She used to ask her boyfriend for advice, but now she feels more self-assured.(4)- He did not use to speak such good English 4 years ago,(5)- When I was a kid, I used to spend my holidays at the seaside.(6)- Her hair used to be long and curly, but she's finally decided to cut it.(7)- Did she use to be nice with you when you were friends ?


Used to / Would (1)- ð : There used to be a building here. (2)-ð : As long as my father was alive, we used to go out for long walks on Sundays. (3)- ð : Before her bicycle accident, she didn't use to walk to work (/… she never used to walk to work) (4)- ð : Did you use to read a lot when you were younger ? (5)- ð : Did his friends use to laugh at him in the past ? (6)- ð : Did she use to be beautiful when she was younger ?

Chapter Three (ex: 34) (a)

1. occassionner/causer2. amener3. provoquer/causer4. causer5. se terminer par/aboutir à6. découler de/provenir de

Chapter Three (ex: 34) (b)

1. Adverse weather conditions can be quite common, but when they do occur it may sometimes lead to delays intaking off.

2. The discovery of a technical problem may quite often bring on the grounding of the aircraft for anwherebetween an hour or perhaps even days.

3. Grounding the plane can sometimes cause quite long delays; but it is obviously something that we try to avoid.4. Technicqal problems sometimes stem from the slightest faulty piece of equipment and we have to get them

repaired quickly.5. If we come across a passenger‛s property that has been left on a seat when leaving the aircraft or something like that, then

this will always result in our contacting the lost-property department.





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Crossword chapter III Mots-croisés chapitre III



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Objectives

Efficiency : …… as a connection between the Company and passengers.Safety :……………………………the type of flight that passengers expect.Speed : ……………………………………… important for our service onboard.Precision : ………… providing accurate service to travellers will help us.Reliability : ……………………… the service provided onboard must be so.Comfort : ……………………finally what passengers want to find onboard.

Chapter Four


Chapter Four (ex: 01)



Keys :(1)-uncomfortable (8)-safety (15)-normal(2)-dangerous (9)-occasionally (16)-comfort(3)-substantially (10)-usually (17)-high(4)-reliable (11)-acceptable (18)-efficiency(5)-quickly (12)-essential (19)-precision(6)-efficiently (13)-safely (20)-regular(7)-precisely (14)-possible

Noun Adjective Adverb

reliability reliable reliablyefficiency efficient efficientlyfastness (US only) fast fastprecision precise preciselyquickness quick quicklycomfort comfortable comfortablysecurity secure securelysafety safe safely



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Although the primary job of flight attendants is to ensure that safety regulations are followed, it isalso their duty to make flight comfortable and enjoyable for passengers. Flight attendants lookafter the comfort of passengers.Something like one complete hour before each flight, flight attendants have a (1)briefing with thecaptain and the other crew-members on various topics such as the type and specificities of theaircraft, emergency (2) evacuation procedures, coordination of the crew, the length of the flight,varying (3) weather conditions to be met during the flight and any information concerningpassengers. Flight attendants make sure that first-aid kits and other emergency equipment arepresent onboard and in working condition and that the (4) passenger cabin is in order, ready towelcome passengers, that is is provided with adequate supplies of food, beverages and any otheramenities programmed for the flight.As passengers board the plane, flight attendants (5) greet them, check their tickets, show themtheir seats and tell them where to (6) store carry-on items.Before the plane takes off, flight attendants (7) instruct all passengers in the use of (8)emergencyequipment and check to see that (9) seat-belts are properly fastened, seat-backs are in the(10)upright position, tablets are correctly (11) folded up and that all carry-on luggage andbelongings are safely (12) stowed.Once airborne, guiding passengers and helping them in the event of an emergency situation is one ofthe most important, and yet mostly unknown, (13) responsibilities of a flight attendant. It meansreassuring passengers in case of (14) rough weather, comforting them when necessary, bringingthem the adequate information or even, in extreme cases, directing passengers to (15) evacuate aplane according to (16) emergency landing procedures. Flight attendants have also to answer anyquestion concerning the flight, distribute magazines, pillows or blankets, help young children, theelderly or the disabled and provide any other form of assistance that is needed. They also may haveto administer (17) first-aid to a passenger who does not feel well. Part of their service requiresthem to serve (18) beverages and other refreshments as well as propose (19)precooked meals orsnacks.Prior to landing, flight attendants start collecting back food-trays and taking inventory of headsetsor anything that was distributed during the flight. They also have to report any medical situationpassengers may have had, the state of cabin equipment and any lost or found item.All through the flight, Chief flight attendants, also known as (20) pursers, oversee the work ofother flight attendants while performing most of the same tasks.





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Announcement :Some electronic devices can be used while airborne.O o o O o o O o o o O(o) O O o

Announcement :An oxygen mask is behind the panel above your head.o O o o O o o O o O o o O(o) o O

Announcement :Place it over your mouth and nose. O o O o o O o O

Announcement :Oxygen is released by pulling on this coloured streamer.O o o o o O (o) o O o o o O o (o) O o

Announcement :Finally, Ladies and Gentlemen, please study the safety card and rememberO oo O o o O o o O(o) O o o O(o)o O o o O othat portable electronic equipment such as games, computing and wordprocessing o O o o o o O o oO (o)o o o O(o) o O o o O o O oequipment may interfere with aircraft systems and must be switched offo O o O o o O(o) o O o O o(o) o O o O o(o) oduring take off and landing. Portable telephones must be switched off for the O o O o o O o O o o O o o (o) O o O (o) o o oduration of the flight. Thanks for listening.o O o o o O O o O (o)o



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(ref. ex. 12 : Interview)

� - What is the point of being promoted according to this flight attendant ?ð ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….� - What major difference is there between male and female FA as far as stripes ontheir uniforms are concerned ?ð …………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………….� - What other major differences are there in the job between men and women ?ð ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………………………….� - How to explain such a difference in the profession?ð ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………….� - What is the situation like in terms of incomes ? What is the Unions' attitude ?ð …………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….� - When it comes to pilots, it appears to be "a different matter" : explain.ð …………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….� - What reaction do most passengers have when they happen to learn the captain is awoman ? Explain why.ð …………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….� - About the promotion of women in the world of flight attendants, what is theconclusion the interview comes to ? How do you react to that ?ð …………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….


And climbing the ladder within the company?The importance of internal promotion is at every level: financial of course, but also with regard towhat others think of you. That‛s the whole point of getting stripes.The men have their stripes sewn onto their sleeves, and women don‛t have them there. We just havea badge with no insignia and that‛s all.It‛s very difficult for the passengers to recognise the purser when it‛s a woman, although she mightjust be a little bit older (smile).



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Are there other differences between men and women?The major difference is that there are mainly women in the job. However, there are lots of men atthe top of the profession. Is there a link between pregnancy leave? Or is it because women mightbe less available? Owing to the lack of availability, women are promoted to higher echelons lesseasily. Some women give greater importance to their family life than to their career. That‛sprobably the explanation as to why fewer women are executives, for instance. It can happen toowith regard to the appointment of pursers, but I guess it‛s above all at executive-level that there issuch a disparity.With regard to salaries, there is absolutely no difference: they are the same. There is completeparity that is strongly defended by the unions.But where the pilots are concerned it‛s a different matter. The profession of pilot is still very mucha masculine world; there are very few women. It still comes as a surprise when we hear that thepilot is in fact a woman. The passengers show their surprise. When a woman pilot makes anannouncement, the passengers look up. It‛s still not something that‛s common.But in the world of flight attendants, there still remains some trouble in accepting that women getpromoted over men and move on up the ladder within the company. When a woman has to manage acabin, there are some male flight attendants that still have trouble accepting that.

L'importance de la promotion interne ?L'importance de la promotion interne se retrouve à tous les niveaux : financier bien sûr, mais égalementconcernant le regard de l'autre. C'est ce qui explique l'importance des galons.Les hommes ont des galons sur les manches, les femmes n'en ont pas. Cela a toujours été une demande chez le PNCféminin d'avoir ces galons. Nous avons, en tant que femmes, un insigne et c'est tout, qui ne comporte aucune autreinscription.C'est également très difficile pour le passager de reconnaître le Chef de Cabine dès lors qu'il s'agit d'une femme,mis à part qu'elle est peut-être plus âgée (sourire).

Y a-t-il d'autres différences dans le milieu, entre hommes et femmes ?La différence la plus marquante est qu'il y a un une majorité de femmes à la base, donc chez les hôtesses. Enrevanche, il va y avoir beaucoup plus d'hommes au sommet. Cette situation est-elle liée aux grossesses ? Aumanque de disponibilité des femmes ? Étant moins disponibles, les nominations pour les femmes se font moinsfacilement. Certaines femmes vont privilégier leur vie de famille par rapport à leur carrière. C'est probablementce qui explique qu'il y a moins de femmes chez les cadres par exemple. On peut dire qu'au niveau des Chefs deCabine cette situation peut certainement se retrouver, mais c'est surtout au niveau des cadres que l'on mesureral'importance de la disparité.Au niveau des salaires, il n'y a aucune différence : ce sont les mêmes. Il y a une parité totale qui est fermementdéfendue par les syndicats.Ce qui n'est pas le cas chez les pilotes d'ailleurs. La profession chez les pilotes et fortement masculine encore,c'est assez peu féminisé. Ça surprend encore lorsque l'on apprend que le commandant de bord est une femme. Lespassagers marquent leur surprise. Quand on entend l'annonce du commandant de bord avec une voix féminine, lespassagers relèvent encore la tête. Ce n'est pas encore passé dans les moeurs.Mais même dans le milieu des PNC, il subsiste encore quelques difficultés à accepter que les femmes passentdevant les hommes (dans le cadre de la hiérarchie). Quand une femme doit commander en cabine, il arrive parfoisque certains PNC hommes acceptent avec difficulté.



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-And cell phones? Or, all the electronic equipment that is forbidden on board?The only electronic (1)device that is really (2) forbidden on board is the telephone. And it must be (3) switched offduring the entire flight. Anyhow, there wouldn‛t be a (4) signal. If you keep your phone on in the plane, you wouldn‛tbe able to make a call. The danger is that it would (5) deregulate the navigation instruments, but I guess I am notreally (6) au-fait with all of that stuff, so…- But, you do have passengers that give it a go…Oh no, most of the time, it‛s really just people who have (7)forgotten to switch it off. But, they wouldn‛t have a signal,so…- Oh, right. Do you systematically remind the passengers?We make an announcement. As soon as we depart, we will make the announcement a couple of times : when thepassengers (8) embark, just as we are about to leave…- But, there will always be someone who doesn‛t pay attention?Yes, there will always be a passenger that will have forgotten to (9) turn off his phone…but, that‛s not the biggestproblem. Really, for us, the most serious problems are (10) cigarettes and (11) alcohol. Because, as soon as we servealcohol (and that‛s part of the (12) French service provided, the wine, the alcohol, the (13) after-dinner drinks…),that can really (14) lead to difficulties on board.- And then the attitudes that we might have on board are the result of fear of flying or fear of planes…?It might lead to (15)aggression or (16) anxiety…- What do you learn on your training courses about how to deal with that sort of attitude?There will be the passenger that will tell you (17) straight away, by saying, "I‛m frightened". With that type ofpassenger, it ‘s relatively easy, he‛ll probably accept to talk about it…- Do you have people that do that?Yes, oh yes, regularly. I had a businessman who used to travel regularly in business class, who told me that he was(18) frightened of flying. And, the first thing he said to me was "is there going to be any turbulence?". I told him"listen, yes, we are going to go through some during the flight" and he‛d reply "no, I can‛t stay on the flight", "listen,it shouldn‛t be anything serious, and if you are worried, we are here to help you. We are here to help you out, to talkwith you, to give a helping hand. Press the call button, and don‛t hesitate to ask us for something". I stayed withhim, he (19) settled down, and during the (20) spot of turbulence, he started shouting out, it was (21) beyond hiscontrol, he couldn‛t (22)get a grip on things I (23)crouched down in the (24) aisle and held his hand, talking to himall through the turbulence…He was terribly worried, really very worried. When we landed, he started smiling onceagain. Because, he had had the courage to say it, he managed to (25) get through it very well. But, there will alwaysbe those that aren‛t able to (26) admit it, they‛ll (27) act all tough, and that‛s when it turns into aggression towardsthe crew, or they take it out on the (28) equipment, because there are those that completely rip things to pieces…- Really ?Well, the seats get (29) the brunt of it all…those poor seats! The armrests that are completely (30) ripped off…



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-Et les téléphones portables ? Tout les appareils électroniques qui sont interdits à bord ?Le seul appareil électronnique qui soit vraiment interdit c‛est le téléphone. Et qui doit être éteint pendant tout levol. De toute façon, il n'y a aucune réception. Si vous gardez votre téléphone allumé dans l‛avion, vous ne pourrezpas téléphoner. Le danger est cela peut dérégler les instruments de navigation, mais pour vous en parler je ne saispas exactement…- Mais vous avez des passagers qui essayent …Oh non, la plupart du temps, ce sont des gens qui ont oublié de l‛éteindre. Mais ils n‛auront pas de réseau, donc …- D‛accord. Vous rappelez ça systématiquement ?On fait l‛annonce. Dès le départ, on va la faire plusieurs fois : quand les passagers vont monter à bord, quand on va partir,- Mais il y aura toujours quelqu‛un qui n'en tiendra pas compte ?Oui, il y aura toujours un passager qui aura oublié d'éteindre son téléphone… mais ce n'est pas le plus grosproblème. Vraiment, pour nous, les gros problèmes c‛est la cigarette pour les accros et l‛alcool. Parce que l‛alcool,dès qu‛on en donne, (ça fait partie du service, … à la française, en plus, le vin, l‛alcool, le digestif …), ça peutvraiment créer des cas difficiles à gérer à bord.- Et ensuite toutes les attitudes découlant de la peur du vol, de la peur de l‛avion … ?Ça peut être l‛agressivité, l‛anxiété…- Qu‛est-ce qu‛on vous enseigne dans les formations afin de gérer ce genre d‛attitude ?Il y le passager qui va se déclarer, tout de suite, en disant "j‛ai peur". Avec lui, c‛est plutôt facile, c‛est quelqu‛unqui va accepter d‛en parler …- Vous avez des gens qui font ça ?Oui, oui, régulièrement. J‛ai eu un homme d‛affaires qui voyageait en classe affaire qui me disait qu‛il avait peur del‛avion. Et la première chose qu‛il m‛a dite c‛est "est-ce qu‛il va y avoir des turbulences ?" Je lui dis "écoutez, oui,c‛est prévu pendant le vol" il me dit "non, je ne peux pas rester à bord", "écoutez, non, ce ne seront pas de grossesturbulences, a priori, et puis si vous avez des problèmes, on est là. On est là pour vous épauler, pour parler, pourvous aider. Faites appel à nous, n‛hésitez pas". Je suis restée là, il s‛est installé, et effectivement pendant lesturbulences, il a commencé à crier, pour lui c‛était la peur panique, c‛était quelque chose qui n‛était pas gérable. Jesuis restée assise dans l‛allée, à lui tenir la main, à lui parler, tout le temps des turbulences … C‛était l‛angoisse,vraiment l‛angoisse. Quand on a atterri, ce monsieur a repris son sourire. Parce qu‛il avait osé le dire, ça s‛est trèsbien géré, ça s‛est très bien passé et il est arrivé à bon port. Mais effectivement, il y a des gens qui ne vont pas lereconnaître, ils vont faire les 'fiers à bras', et c‛est là que ça va se transformer en agressivité vis-à-vis dupersonnel, vis-à-vis du matériel parce que là aussi il y en a qui vont tout détruire…- Réellement ?Eh bien, les sièges sont les premières cibles. .. Ces pauvres sièges ! Les accoudoirs qui sont arrachés …

Chapter Four (ex: 14)Perhaps we haven‛t spoken about the exceptional events apart from the illnesses and feelingill. For example, children, the elderly, disabled people, the blind. How do you deal with them?There will always be what is known as the referent crew. For children, we are supposed to know howto take care of them. Children that are travelling on their own are under our responsibility. Thatsort of thing is almost routine work for us. There are children in that case on every flight.Disabled passengers: depending on their handicap, will have a referent crew member. For examplefor deaf people, we will have a referent crew member that knows how to sign.

On n‛a peut-être pas parlé de cas exceptionnels autres que les maladies, les malaises. Par exemple lesenfants, les personnes âgées, les handicapés, les non-voyants. Comment cela se passe-t-il pour vous ?Il va y avoir ce qu‛on appelle du personnel référant. Pour les enfants, on est sensé savoir s‛en occuper. Les enfantsqui voyagent seuls sont vraiment sous notre responsabilité. Ça, c‛est quasiment la routine, il y en a sur tous les vols.Les passagers handicapés : en fonction du handicap, il va y avoir du personnel référant. Par exemple les sourds, ilva y avoir du personnel qui parle le langage des signes.



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- On doit le signaler avant ? Par exemple, si on est sourd, en réservant un billet, on doit le signaler à la compagnie ?Normalement, oui. C‛est une particularité qui doit être signalée. Parce qu‛il peut y avoir des consignes particulières. Pour les aveugles, ona des consignes de sécurité en braille…. Les personnes souffrant d'un handicap : les passagers qui ne marchent pas peuvent avoir deschaises roulantes. De toute façon, leurs chaises roulantes personnelles ne peuvent pas toujours accéder à l‛avion, parce que leur tailleest trop importante, parce qu‛il y a des batteries, parce qu‛il y a un tas de choses qui doivent être réglementées. Il y a des plateauxspéciaux : des passagers qui ne mangent pas de viande, qui ne mangent pas de poisson. Qu‛est-ce qu‛il y a encore comme particularité ?…les chiens, les animaux de compagnie …- On accepte les animaux ?Jusqu‛à un certain poids, une certaine taille et un certain nombre aussi !- Par passager ou total ?Au total, par avion- Et quel est ce nombre-là ?Ca va dépendre des avions. Et ça va dépendre de l‛accord du commandant, car il y a des commandants qui ne vont pas accepter. A priori,je ne les connais pas tous, mais on va dire qu‛il ne peut pas y avoir trente chiens dans un avion. Un chien d‛aveugle en revanche esttoujours dans la cabine.- C'est toujours accepté ?Quels que soient sa taille, son poids, c‛est le seul qui voyage avec son maître. Alors, si il a un siège, car il y a certaines personnes qui vontacheter un siège pour leur animal, il se met là, sinon sous le siège, entre les pieds et sous le siège.- Les personnes âgées ?Les personnes âgées n‛ont pas de particularité. Quand on les voit arriver, on va les aider à s‛installer, à porter leurs bagages.- Mais il y a des pathologies potentielles propres aux personnes âgées auxquelles vous êtes sensibilisés ?Non, parce que s‛ils ont une pathologie avérée, ils vont entrer dans le cadre du handicap.- Mais s‛il n'en ont pas, est-ce que vous gardez quand même un œil sur la personne ?Non. Compte tenu des cas de maladies avérées à bord, ce n‛est pas particulièrement concernant des personnes âgées … c‛est tout lemonde. Non, on ne va pas particulièrement garder un œil sur une personne âgée parce qu‛elle est âgée. Elle aura de l‛aide si elle a besoinde se déplacer, si elle a des demandes particulières, elle les formule … il n‛y a pas de traitement spécial.Les mamans avec les bébés, il faut faire attention à les aider bien sûr car ce sont souvent les personnes les plus chargées. Puis elles vontavoir des demandes spécifiques, parce qu‛il va y avoir des biberons, des couches, on a tout ce qu‛il faut à bord- Ah bon, vous avez tout ça ?Oui, et ça, tous les passagers ne le savent pas.- Et ça vous l‛avez de toute façon indépendamment du type de passagers ?Oui, sur tous les vols. On a une armoire « Bébé »- Est-ce qu‛il est arrivé sur un vol que votre réserve soit insuffisante pour pourvoir aux besoins de tous les bébés de ce vol-là ?Non. Et puis en général les mamans sont équipées. C‛est très, très rare qu‛on ait épuisé nos réserves.- Et on les autorise à garder à bord tout ce matériel là ? … le biberon de lait ?C‛est la seule chose en liquide qui pouvait être apportée à bord à condition d‛être goûté.De toute façon un biberon c‛est simple : de l‛eau et de la poudre. Il suffit de les amener séparés-Oui, mais la poudre en question n‛est pas suspecte en transport ?Je ne crois pas, non. C‛était surtout les liquides qui posaient problèmeMais de toute façon, on ne peut pas interdire la poudre de lait à bord, parce que chaque lait est spécifique par bébé. Donc ça pose unproblème. La seule chose qu‛on ait à bord c‛est du lait, du lait de vache. Un bébé en dessous d‛un an ne boit pas de lait de vache donc….Donc ce n‛est pas possible.



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- Vous avez de la nourriture de bébé ?Oui, on a des petits pots, mais c‛est pareil, c‛est un bébé après six mois qui va pouvoir manger des petits pots. Donc un nourrisson, (carun bébé voyage dès quinze jours), on ne peut pas le nourrir. On aura le biberon, la bouteille, et encore, ça c‛est une chose que je n‛aijamais regardé, je ne sais même pas ce qu‛ils ont mis comme tétine dessus. Parce c‛est pareil, une tétine pour nourrisson ou tétine pourun bébé d‛un ou deux ans ne sont pas les mêmes…. On a les couches … mais c‛est pareil, il y a différentes tailles, alors … mais ça peuttoujours dépanner.- Je ne pense pas que le public soit au courant.Non. Car les seules fois où j‛ai proposé à des mamans de les dépanner, et qu‛elles venaient avec moi derrière et qu‛elles se retrouvaientcoincées euh … elles étaient surprises. "Ah, vous avez ça ?" Parce qu‛elles savent qu‛on a des petits jouets parce qu‛on les distribue, maisles couches, les biberons, …. Souvent on le dit aux mamans : à l‛aller elles n‛avaient pas prévu et on leur dit au retour, "mais commandezun plateau bébé". Car on a des plateaux bébé. Mais ça c‛est pareil, ce n‛est pas trop connu.


adjectifsComparatifd'égalité

Comparatifd'égaliténégative

Comparatifd'infériorité

Comparatifde

supériorité

Superlatifde

supériorité

Superlatifd'infériorité

bad as bad as not as bad as less bad than worse than the worst the least bad

beautiful as … as not as … as less … than more … than the most … the least …

cheap as … as not as … as less … than cheaper than the cheapest the least …

clever as … as not as … as less … than cleverer thanmore clever than

the cleverestthe most … the least …

expensive as … as not as … as less … than more … than the most … the least …

good as … as not as … as less … than better than the best the least …

happy as … as not as … as less … than happier than the happiest the least …

high as … as not as … as less … than higher than the highest the least …

narrow as … as not as … as less … than narrower thanmore narrow than

the narrowestthe most … the least …

old as … as not as … as less … than older than the oldest the least …

pretty as … as not as … as less … than more … than the prettiest the least …

short as … as not as … as less … than shorter than the shortest the least …

shy as … as not as … as less … than more … than the most shy the least …

silly as … as not as … as less … than more … than the most silly the least …



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Grammar : keys to exercisesChapter Four (ex: 17)


� The sooner I solve this problem, the more satisfied I shall be.� The fewer people she sees, the better she feels.� The more dangerous the situation became, the more nervous he grew.� The harder you work, the happier your parents will be.� The more she lied, the more confused she became.

Chapter Four (ex: 19)-(1)- The captain is less old than you think he is.Ä : The captain is not as old as you think he is.Ä : (young) The captain is younger than you think he is.

-(2)- This flight was less short than it seemed.Ä : This flight was not as short as it seemed.Ä : (long) This flight was longer than it seemed.

-(3)- Our altiude is less high than we imagine.Ä : Our altiude is not as high as we imagine.Ä : (low) Our altiude lower than we imagine.

-(4)- My luggage is less heavy than it appears.Ä : My luggage is not as heavy as it appears.Ä : (light) My luggage is lighter than it appears.

-(5)- It is less easy to become a FA these days.Ä : It is not as easy to become a FA these days.Ä : (difficult) It is more difficult to become a FA these days.

-(6)- You would be less well-off if you hadn't saved that money.Ä : You would not be as well-off if you hadn't saved that money.Ä : (poor) You would be poorer if you hadn't saved that money.

-(7)- The co-pilot appears less calm than the captain.Ä : The co-pilot does not appears as calm as the captain.Ä : (excited) The co-pilot appears more excited than the captain.-

Those who live : the livingThose who are not employed : the unemployedThose who are middle-aged : the middle-agedThose who have no homes : the homelessThose who live in total misery : the very poorThose who can afford everything : the rich/the well-off/the wealthyThose who are not in good health : the sickThose who are old : the elderlyThose who cannot see : the blindThose who have died : the deadThose who are not strong enough : the weak

Those who are severely physically impaired : the severely disabledThose who have power : the powerful / the strongThose who are lucky enough : the fortunateThose who are less lucky : the less fortunateThose who are never sick : the healthyThose who mostly use their left hand : the left-handedThose who are mentally ill : the mentally illThose who are not advantaged : the disadvantagedThose who have privileges : the privileged / the advantagedThose who cannot speak from birth : the dumbThose whose lives and survival are put at risk: the endangeredThose around the age of fifty : the middle-aged



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(8)- Economic class tickets are less expensive than 1st class ones.Ä : Economic class tickets are not as expensive as 1st class ones.Ä : (cheap) Economic class tickets are cheaper than 1st class ones.

-(9)- This generation is less narrow-minded than their parents.Ä : This generation is not as narrow-minded as their parents.Ä : (broad-minded) This generation is more broad-minded than their parents.

-(10)- Yesterday's aircraft were less comfortable than today's.Ä : Yesterday's aircraft were not as comfortable as today's.Ä : (uncomfortable) Yesterday's aircraft were more uncomfortable than today's.

-(11)- She is less sophisticated than she makes herself out to be.Ä : She is not as sophisticated as she makes herself out to be.Ä : (simple) She is more simple (simpler) than she makes herself out to be.


Chapter Four (ex: 21)� "I have never been here before"ð He recognized (that) he had never been there before.� "I am coming to see you now"ð She said (that) she was going to see him/her/them (?) then.� "We were all very sick yesterday"ð They explained (that) they had been all very sick the day before.� "I learnt all this a long time ago"ð He told her (that) he had learnt all this a long time before.

� "I met him last year"ð She confessed (that) she had met him the year before� "They will be here tomorrow"ð She learnt (that) they would be there the day after.� "I can come next week"ð He accepted the idea (that) he could come the following week.� "She is quite elegant but hasn't much taste"ð He said (that) she was quite elegant but hadn't much taste.

� "They are waiting outside"ð I can see (that) they are waiting outside.� "I've been smoking too much"ð I admit (that) I've been smoking too much.� "We have moved to another house"ð I warn you (that) we have moved to another house� "I have not told you anything yet"ð She says (that) she has not told you anything yet.

� "We are very late"ð They say (that) they are very late.� "I want to speak to her"ð He insists on the fact (that) he wants to speak to her.� "We have finished our service on board"ð They claim (that) they have finished their service on board.� "They do not know you"ð They want to make sure (that) they don't know you.



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Crossword chapter IV Mots-croisés chapitre IV



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Chapter Five


Chapter Five (ex: 01)





"…In today‛s demanding world there are over 40 different menus available on flights incertain companies around the world. Some companies even take on world-renowned chefsto come up with meals that will be served to first and business class passengers. Takethe example of Alain Ducasse who did it for Air France a few years ago, to name but justone. But, don‛t get me wrong, it is not just the passengers that are in the top-of-the-range cabins that have the right to choose what they eat during the flights. Today, onalmost every airline there is the possiblity of ordering a particular meal with specificrequirements when booking. There are the healthy meals that are low in fat and thathave reduced calories, or no glutens, salt-free, special diabetic meals, high-fibre,vegetarian or vegan dishes. There are special religious menus for Muslims or kosherfood. There is a special children‛s menu too. Airline companies agree today that suchmeals are more costly to produce, but at the moment they only represent a roughballpark figure of 2% of all meals served on flights. After all, they are providing aservice that is not negligible and the customer has a greater choice, which is essentiallywhat they want."

a) 40b) No. It is available to everyone at the time of booking.c) 3 different broad categories: healthy menus, religious menus and children‛s menus.d) Only 2% of passengers on average.e) Either because the majority of people do not know about the availability of the

menus or they do not need them.f) The cost.g) It is an extra service for the passenger and this may improve the image of the

airline.



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Chapter Five (ex: 04) (a)

1. Storage (bread) : armoire (pain) 7. Service trolley : voiture prestation2. Storage (groceries) : armoire (épicerie) 8. Air-chiller trolley (meals)3. Storage (cutlery & plates) : armoire (matériel de service) 9. Bar (business)4. Storage (water) : armoire (eau) 10. Soft-drinks5. Air-chiller trolley (white wine & champagne) : voiture refrigérée 11. Glasses : verres6. Soft-drinks trolley : voiture soft 12 Oven : four

Chapter Five (ex: 04) (b)

1. Oven : four 5. Air-chiller box : boite réfrigérante2. Storage (cutlery & plates) : armoire (matériel de service) 6. Tray : plateau de service3. Boilers : eau chaude 7. Newspapers4. Glass holder : support de verre 8. Air-chiller trolley : voiture prestation

Chapter Five (ex: 04) (c)1. Overhead in-flight entertainment 4. Armrest2. Window 5. Headrest3. Blanket 6. Overhead bin/storage

Chapter Five (ex: 05)MCQ1. A 6. C2. D 7. B3. A 8. D4. C 9. B5. B 10. C

Chapter Five (ex: 06)Synonyms

1. Overhead bin ................................................................... (overhead storage)2. Long-range flight ........................................................... (trans-oceanic flight)3. Dual deck .......................................................................... (twin deck)4. Prayer area ..................................................................... (prayer facilities)5. to disembark.................................................................... (to deplane)6. free drink ......................................................................... (complimentary drink)7. soft drink ......................................................................... (non-alcoholic drink)8. serving cart...................................................................... (galley cart)9. to rest ............................................................................... (to relax)10. disabled passenger ........................................................ (restricted mobility passenger)



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Grammar : keys to exercisesChapter Five (ex: 07)

a)caterers.......................... traiteurstrouble............................ problèmeavoid................................ éviterlockers ............................ casier/consigne /armoire/placardtake out .......................... sortirload.................................. chargerhanded out ..................... distribuerblown............................... soufflershortcoming ................... inconvenientprove ............................... s‛avérerthus ................................. ainsicost ................................. coûtweight ............................. poidsadvances ......................... avancéesleading.............................mener à/fournirsavings ............................ économiesroom for manoeuvre......marge de manouevrekeeping............................ maintenircold chain ....................... chaîne du froidthroughout ..................... tout au long de

b) Normally it is outside caterers who prepare the meals passengers eat.c) Either the trays are kept in refrigeration lockers and then loaded onto carts or they

are already loaded onto carts and the carts are kept in refrigeration lockers.d) Either the air is blown up and over or through the carts.e) Due to advances there have been slight savings in terms of cost involved.f) The present refrigeration system uses the electrical power supply of the aircraft

and as a consequence has an effect on cost and weight involved.g) If the cold chain is not respected, someone might fall ill. There will consequently

have to be an investigation and the airline company or the caterer may have to payconsiderable sums in compensation to certain passengers and they may also be fined.





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- You are meant to be performant in everything and in any situation that might occur, and at the sametime you mustn‛t ever leave your post come what may?That‛s why trust has to exist between crew members, on every level, whether that be between the flightattendants and their Purser, between the flight attendants and the TECHNICAL FLIGHT CREW trustbetween them must be 100%.The flight attendant says to the captain: “you‛re leading us, piloting us…and we will follow whatever the dangermight be”. And they too have to trust in us when they say something like “you take care of everything backthere while we do our jobs up here at the front”.That‛s why it‛s also important for us to pass on information, because that‛s how they are going to evaluate thedanger and take the decision to stop the mission or not.The importance of communication between the cabin and the cockpit is of the utmost importance. For sometime now, we have been practicing what‛s known as TRM ("Time Resource Management") which is supposed toimprove that relationship and to manage situations in a better way. Not so long ago, this was unheard of. We goon training courses between flight attendants or flight attendants and TECHNICAL FLIGHT CREW, or theTECHNICAL FLIGHT CREW on their own, to ensure that the words that we are using are correctly understoodby everybody. It deals with words, attitude, gestures, all of that, really…it‛s about getting rid of themisinterpretation that might arise from a look you might give someone, for instance; getting rid of thedifferences and disagreements that might exist between crew members. It has been an effective trainingcourse. The relationship

Announcement :

We would also like to remind you that smoking is not permitted at any o o O o o o o O o o O o o O o O o o Ootime onboard this flight.O(o) o O O O

Announcement :

Mobile phones must be switched off throughout the flight/for the O o O (o) O o o (o) O o O o O o oduration of the flight. o O o o o O

Announcement :

Please take notice of the 'fasten seatbelt' sign.O o o O o o o O o o o o O o



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between the cabin and the cockpit has changed over the past few years. The tendency to look downon us flight attendants no longer exists really, or for the flight attendants to be wary. Each of us understandsthe work of the other in a better way now. The responsibilities and duties of the others have been looked atand we‛ve talked them over. Everybody has been attributed a place. The importance of each of us has beendefined clearly. It has gone a long way to changing the way we think. The pilots have become more accessible.

- Cela peut paraître étonnant : on vous demande d'être performants dans tous les domaines de votre métieret dans toutes les éventualités qui peuvent exister, et en même temps on exige que vous restiez à votreposte malgré tout ?D'où l'importance de la confiance qui doit exister au sein de l'équipage, à tous les niveaux, que ce soit entre lesPNC et leur Chef de Cabine, les PNC et les PNT. Il doit y avoir une confiance aveugle.Le PNC dit au commandant de bord "vous nous conduisez, vous nous pilotez, … et on vous suit quel que soit ledanger". Il faut également qu'ils aient également confiance en nous quand ils nous disent "vous gérez tout ce qu'il ya derrière pendant que nous sommes occupés devant".D'où, également, l'importance des remontées d'information qu'on va pouvoir leur donner, parce que c'est avec celaqu'ils vont pouvoir estimer le danger et prendre la décision d'arrêter la mission ou pas.L'importance de la communication entre cabine et cockpit est primordiale. Depuis quelque temps déjà nous faisonsce que l'on appelle le TRM ("Time Ressource Management") qui est censé améliorer cette relation afin que toutsoit géré au mieux. Il s'agit de stages entre PNC, entre PNC-PNT, entre PNT seuls, afin de s'assurer que les motsqui sont utilisés sont correctement compris par tout le monde. Il s'agit des mots, de l'attitude, des gestes (lagestuelle), tout cela … il s'agit d'éliminer toute mauvaise interprétation relative à un regard par exemple, il s'agitd'aplanir tous les différents potentiels entre les membres d'équipage. Cette formation a été très efficace. Lesrelations ont changé au cours des dernières années entre le cockpit et la cabine. Il n'y a plus cette tendance àregarder de haut de la part des pilotes, ou encore à manifester de la méfiance chez les PNC. On comprend mieuxainsi le travail de l'autre. Les responsabilités des uns et des autres ont été disséquées, expliquées. Chacun a étéremis à sa place. L'importance de chacun a été bien définie. Il semble que cela ait beaucoup changé les mentalités.Ainsi, les pilotes sont devenus plus accessibles.

Questions : (ex.10)a) The people that are mentioned are the essential elements on any flight: the purser, the flight

attendants, the cabin crew, the technical flight crew (pilots).b) Communication is essential. Both the flight attendants, working in the cabin, and the technical

flight crew, working in the cockpit, expect mutual trust that is total. In order to trust someone,you need to have good communication with them. They need to know that they are being toldeverything, and therefore able to take the right decisions. The pilots expect the flight attendantsto allow them to get on with their jobs, while the flight crew is dealing with what is going on in thecabin. Mutual and reciprocal trust is of the utmost.

c) TRM stands for Time Resource Management. It is intended to improve relationships betweenpeople and so improve the work environment. So many misunderstandings can occur betweenpeople that do not understand each other or that do not communicate in the right way and this isdangerous in the aircraft field. It goes beyond just words and also deals with gestures andattitude. It is supposed to get rid of attitude problems and also eliminate all differences thatmight exist between people who have to work closely together.

d) Over the past few years, relations between cockpit and cabin crews have changed enormously. Thepilots are much ‘more accessible‛, according to the flight attendant being interviewed.Responsibilities and duties have been redefined and everybody feels as if they have their rightfulplace in the team. They are able to work together in a much-improved environment, which isobviously better both for the company and for the passengers.



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Grammar : keys to exercisesChapter Five (ex: 11)Answers not provided

Chapter Five (ex: 12)Does a flight attendant have a certain number of passengers attributed ?Anyhow, we are limited for safety reasons: a flight attendant normally has about 50 passengers. It‛s really aquestion of safety, so as to be in a position to evacuate them. But, I guess that it‛s a question of individualcompanies and how they react : there‛s no possibility of going over that number, but there can‛t be fewerpassengers. In first class it‛s true to say that there are about six passengers for every flight attendant.In business, there will be about twenty or so for every flight attendant.But on Air France flights the planes are not as full as on other companies.

Chapter Five (ex: 13)Answers not provided

Chapter Five (ex: 14)- It‛s very much the image, the service that counts, then?Completely. And that‛s why the passengers only perceive that side of the service. That‛s what we primarilyshow to them.- On one hand, it‛s good, that the other side of the profession should be hidden, so that thepassenger isn‛t aware of all the preparation work that you have done before they arrive.Well… it has to be hidden and apparent, both at the same time; because, in fact, it reassures the passengerto know that we have thought of everything. But, it‛s also that that reassures him: that it‛s all hidden away,that he doesn‛t get to see it, to some extent, that he can feel it without actually realising it…it‛s always veryambiguous.- It‛s always very difficult to see.Well, that‛s the interesting side of the job, that it‛s both at the same time futile and important, commercialand technical. You have to be on both sides of the fence. It‛s quite complete, it‛s…nice!-So, you welcome the passengers, they sit down and settle down for the flight…?We help them get settled in because the majority of passengers that board a plane are a bit lost…becauseit‛s an unfamiliar environment, because they are frightened (many a passenger is afraid)…

- C‛est très image, très prestation ?Tout à fait. Et c‛est d‛ailleurs pourquoi le passager ne voit que ce côté-là. C‛est ce que l‛on met en avant.- D‛un côté c‛est bien, que l‛autre aspect de la profession soit caché, que le passager ne soit pas conscient de tout letravail qui est fait en amont.Eh bien … il faut qu‛il soit caché et pas, à la fois. Parce qu‛en fait, ce qui rassure le passager c‛est de savoir que justement on a penséà tout ça. Mais ce qui le rassure aussi, c‛est de l‛occulter, de ne pas le voir. Donc il faut que ça se voit sans se voir, qu‛il le sente sansle sentir… Ce sont toujours des ambivalences- C‛est toujours très difficile à voirEh Bien c‛est le côté intéressant de ce métier, c‛est le fait que ça soit à la fois futile et très important, et commercial et technique.Il s'agit toujours danser sur deux pieds. C‛est assez complet, c‛est …. sympa !-Donc, vous recevez les passagers, ils s‛assoient, ils s‛installent …?On va les installer parce que la plupart du temps un passager qui entre dans l‛avion a perdu ses repères… Parce que c‛est un milieuqui n‛est pas familier, parce qu‛il y a la peur (beaucoup de passagers ont peur) …



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- Et les passagers demandent par exemple des bouteilles de vin, de wisky, de gin ?La grosse demande, c‛est surtout les mignonettes d‛alcool, parce que c‛est mignon, ils veulent avoir un souvenir. Eton leur demande de faire attention parce que s‛ils se font attraper à la douane, ils n‛ont pas le droit d‛avoir cegenre de choses …- Et dans ce cas-là vous les donnez, vous les distribuez, vous les ouvrez ?On est sensé les ouvrir oui. Parce c‛est sensé être consommé à bord.Et le passager nous demande parfois de ne pas l‛ouvrir parce qu‛il voudrait le garder pour plus tard.



to bear bore born porter, supporterto begin began begun commencerto bleed bled bled saignerto choose chose chosen choisirto draw drew drawn tirer, dessinerto fight fought fought se battre, combattreto fly flew flown voler (dans les airs) prendre l'avionto forget forgot forgotten oublierto keep kept kept garder, conserverto know knew known savoirto leave left left quitter, laisser, abandonnerto mean meant meant vouloir dire, signifierto see saw seen voirto spend spent spent dépenser (argent), passer (temps)to take took taken prendreto think thought thought penserto write wrote written écrire

Chapter Five (ex: 17)-(1)- The picture was clear enough for you to see every detail-(2)- The water was too cold for him to stay motionless-(3)- He said it was hot enough for him to drink a whole glass straight-(4)- The basket-ball players were tall enough for the team to score without difficulty-(5)- The man was too fat for him to tie up his own shoes-(6)- The battery was too low for the car to be started-(7)- The visibility is clear enough for you to easily fly this aircraft-(8)- The river was too deep for the car to cross it-(9)- There's not enough petrol left in the tank for the car to reach its destination-(10)- The weather was too hot to stay out-(11)- The situation is too intricate for me to give you any explanation-(12)- Her reasons are too personal for her to express them in front of the group



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Grammar : keys to exercisesChapter Five (ex: 18)-(1)- The luggage was extremely heavy for the man to lift it.-(2)- This is too much of a secret for his friends to repeat it.-(3)- I've always considered Matthew to be a professional-(4)- I want my daughter to become a flight attendant.-(5)- She encouraged her son to accept the proposition.-(6)- It would be best for Barbara to take it easy.-(7)- I just can't wait for the pizza to be delivered.-(8)- There was too much noise for everyone to enjoy the music.

Chapter Five (ex: 19)-(1)- I want Tom to come with us.-(2)- They didn‛t ask their friends to join them.-(3)- I wasn‛t expecting him to accept so readily.-(4)- She begged the children not to shout so loudly.-(5)- She finds it surprising to react such a long time after the incident.-(6)- She finds it surprising for him to react such a long time after the incident.-(7)- He asked me not to tell anybody about it.-(8)- There is no need for us to worry so early.-(9)- It is time for us to go back home.-(10)- It was of prime importance for her to receive that mail.-(11)- You have to persuade him to come with you.-(12)- The old lady asked them not to smoke in the room.-(13)- They urged the air traffic controllers to go on strike.-(14)- I was expecting him to give his opinion.-(15)- His parents allowed him not to go to school this morning.

Chapter Five (ex: 20)If only he told you what really happened.I wish I knew what really happened.I'd rather you accepted to pay me now.Suppose he preferred to come with me.She said she wished she had never met me before.It's about time you left for work !She acts as if she knew Spanish perfectly.It's high time you saw a dentist !

Chapter Five (ex: 21)-(1)- The passengers are here now. (arrive) ð: The passengers have arrived.-(2)- The aircraft is safe. (check) ð: We've checked the aircraft.-(3)- The cabin is tidy now. (clean up) ð: The flight attendants have cleaned up the cabin.-(4)- The public address is broken. (break) ð: Someone has broken the public address.-(5)- There's no more in reserve. (drink) ð: The passengers have drunk all the wine.-(6)- I know most announcements now. (learn by heart) ð: I've learned most announcements by heart.



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-(7)- I'm still working on the computer. (not finish) ð: I haven't finished with the computer yet.-(8)- The door is ajar. (open) ð: Someone has opened the door.-(9)- We are the winners. (win the game) ð: We have won the game.-(10)- This is one of my son's drawings. (draw a picture) ð: My son has drawn a picture.


1. Avez-vous déjà été témoin d‛un accident ou d‛un cas d‛urgence?2. Avez-vous déjà rencontré quelqu‛un qui avait peur de voler?3. Avez-vous déjà perdu connaissance, Madame?4. Je travaillais pour eux il y a vingt ans.5. Avez-vous déjà rencontré ce genre de problème auparavant?6. Cela fait combien de temps que vous travaillez pour la société?7. J‛ai déjà vu le chef de cabine en ce qui concerne ce problème8. J'ai habité à Edinburgh pendant quinze ans.9. Non, je ne suis jamais allé aux Etats-Unis…c‛est la première fois.10. Je n‛ai jamais eu de problème auparavant, quand je prenais l‘avion, je vous assure.

11. I never had any trouble on the last flight I took.12. I have been flying for over thirty years, you know.13. The last time I flew was thirty years ago and I am a little worried, you know.14. He has been living in Vancouver for 15 years now.15. She has been working for the company for ten years.16. She has been to New York twice this month.17. She went to New York twice last month.18. She has been working with us since 2002.19. He hasn‛t eaten a thing all day, I am afraid to say.20. He ate nothing yesterday, I have to admit.


I have already read that book.I read that book last year for Christmas.

I've already taken the planeI took the plane twice last week

Have you ever tasted such delicious food ?Did you taste chilli con carne during your last trip to Mexico ?

I have never seen such a thing !I never saw such a thing during my trip to China.



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-(1)- We became certain that she had finally passed the exam by the end of last month.-(2)- She has known him since he was a child.-(3)- So far, there has never been a robbery in this bank.-(4)- That aircraft has not flown for weeks and three technicians are still working on it.-(5)- We reached London Heathrow before 10:30 p.m., yet we could not drive to the cityon time because of the traffic jam.-(6)- I know London pretty well : I've been there a couple of times.-(7)- My father has not left Great Britain in more than 35 years.-(8)- When John was a child, he used to be greatly interested in aircraft-(9)- Last week, my boss went to Hong Kong to sign a very important contract.-(10)- The previous flight was a long one : it lasted more than 12 hours.



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Crossword chapter V Mots-croisés chapitre V



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Chapter Six


Chapter Six (ex: 01)-(1)- completed / -(2)- utmost / -(3)- refreshments / -(4)- too much-(5)- pillows / -(6)- snacks / -(7)- cleaned / -(8)- plastic bags-(9)- landing / -(10)- resume / -(11)- stow / -(12)- compartments-(13)- seatbelts / -(14)- tray-tables / -(15)- device

Chapter Six (ex: 02)



1. � Contrôleur aérien2. � Procédures d'approche3. � Tour de contrôle4. � (intructions) délivrées par …5. � Piste (d'atterrissage)6. � Équipement électronique7. � Transpondeur8. � Système électronique9. � Radar de contrôle aérien10. � Mettre en valeur, mettre en avant, afficher11. � L'approche12. � L'atterrissage13. � Des balises14. � Système d'approche lumineux15. � VASIS : Indicateur visuel de pente d'approche16. � ILS : Système d'aide d'atterrissage aux instruments par guidage par faisceaux radio orientés17. � Atterrissage par mauvaise visibilité, atterrissage en aveugle18. � Secoué par des rafales de vent19. � Vents contraires20. � Cisaillements de vents de travers21. � Trous d'air22. � Plafond nuageux bas23. � Perte de vitesse24. � Savoir faire25. � Perdre le contrôle de …26. � Seuil de piste27. � Prendre contact avec le sol28. � Quitter la piste en roulant29. � L'autorisation est accordée30. � Aire de stationnement

1. air traffic controllers è………………2. approach procedures è………………3. control tower è………………4. (instructions) issued by …è………………5. runways è………………6. electronic equipment è………………7. transponder è………………8. electronic device è………………9. air traffic control radar screen. è………………10. to be enhanced è………………11. approach è………………12. landing è………………13. beacons è………………14. approach lighting systems è………………15. visual approach slope indication systemè………………16. instrument landing system è………………17. blind landing è………………18. buffeted è………………19. adverse winds è………………20. wind shears è………………21. air holes è………………22. low bank of clouds è………………23. loss of speed è………………24. expertise è………………25. to lose control of … è………………26. runway threshold è………………27. to touch down è………………28. to taxi off è………………29. clearance is given è………………30. parking area (ramp area) è………………



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Grammar : keys to exercisesChapter Six (ex: 04)


Chapter Six (ex: 05)Enregistreur numériqueè : Digital recorder (MiniDisc)Lecteur numériqueè : Digital player (MiniDisc)Lecteru / enregistreur à cassetteè : cassette recorder /playerOrdinateur portableè : laptop computerOrdinateur compact è : palmtop computerTéléphone portableè : cellular phone (cellphone)Poste de radioè : radio setLecteur CD (portable) è : (portable) CD playerLecteur DVD (portable)è : (portable) DVD playerWalkmanè : WalkmanSystème de navigation GPSè : GPS navigation systemLecteur MP3è : MP3 playerConsole de jeux vidéoè : video game consoleAssistant numérique personnel è : personal digital assistant (PDA)Console Vidéoè : video display unit (VDU)Calculateur de pocheè : pocket calculatorAgenda électroniqueè : electronic organizer


� Would you please not … :à……………………………� Passengers should not … : à………………………….� Please do not … : à………………………………………….� You may not … : à………………………………………….…� Passengers are not supposed to … : à…………� We advise not to … : à…………………………………..� We ask you not to … : à…………………………………� Smoking in the toilets is against the regulations in force … :à…………….

� … is against safety regulation … : à…………….� … is violating the law … : à……………………………..� … is against the law … : à………………………………..� … is totally forbidden … : à……………………………� It is totally forbidden to …… :à…………………..� We cannot accept … (this) … : à…………………..� If you … (happen to …), you may face prosecution … : à…………..� Catching you … (doing …) may result in prosecution … : à………� Anyone caught smoking in the toilets will be prosecuted … :à……

� … is liable to prosecution … : à…………………….� Prosecution process … : à………………………………� To prosecute someone for doing something … :à...

� Nous vous prions de ne pas …� Les passagers ne doivent pas …� S'il-vous-plaît, ne … (pas) …� Vous ne pouvez pas …� Les passagers ne sont pas censés …� Nous vous conseillons de ne pas …� Nous vous demandons de ne pas …

� Fumer dans les toilettes va à l'encontre de la réglementation en vigueur� … va à l'encontre des réglements de sécurité� … enfreint la loi� … va à l'encontre de la loi� … est totalement interdit� Il est totalement interdit de …� Nous ne pouvons accepter … (ceci) …

� Si vous … (s'il vous arrive de …), vous seriez passibles de poursuites …� Si vous étiez surpris à … (faire …) vous vous exposeriez à des poursuites …� Quiconque surpris à fumer dans les toilettes serait passible de poursuites …� … entraînerait des poursuites …� … les procédures d'inculpation …� poursuivre quelqu'un pour avoir fait …



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Announcements : ( recorded document n° ?)

"Make sure that your carry-on baggage is properly stored in the overhead O O o o O o o O o o O o o O (o) o o O o ocompartment or under the seat in front of you." o O o o O o o O o O o O


"We ask you to keep your seatbelts fastened until the 'seat belt' sign haso O o o O o o O O o(o) o o o O O O o

been turned off." o O o


"We do apologise for the delay. Our staff on the ground have beeno O o O o o o o o O O O o o O o o

informed of our delayed arrival.o O o o o o O o O o

They are waiting for you to provide any help you might need." O o O o o O o o O o O o O o o O


"During the landing, all exits must remain clear of baggage." O o o O o O O o O o O O o O o



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"A l‛embarquement, c‛est la prise de contact avec les différents étrangers que l‛on va emmener enfonction de la destination : en général, c‛est d‛ailleurs une grosse partie du briefing, on essaie des‛intéresser à la culture des gens chez qui on va, afin d‛orienter l‛ambiance du vol. En effet,certaines cultures pouvant ne pas apprécier certaines choses, on essaie de s‛adapter aux façonsd‛être, tout en gardant notre personnalité nationale qui plaît aux passagers."


- Could you be a bit more specific?"During the briefing, the pursers have a sort of manual that contains the particular aspects ofeach culture. For example, the Indians : we try to make sure that we respect their way ofsaying yes or no so no misunderstandings occur. That‛s the type of thing that we will make aneffort on, so that the passenger realizes that we act like them, so that they feel a little bit athome, and at ease with us. Problems often occur through misunderstandings.- Has it always been like that, or is it something that has taken off in terms of popularity?No, it‛s gained in popularity since 1993/1995 … there has been a change in company policy withus here. I think that we realized that we weren't THE company and that there was competitionout there…lots of things have undergone changes- Did other companies react in the same way?I have no idea.- I think that inter-cultural awareness started to become very fashionable at that time, didn‛t it?I think that may be part of it too. People started travelling more and more, which lead to theneed to adapt, that‛s if we wanted to attract the clientele to our company. Not only do theyappreciate our way of acting, our brand image, our country … but also do they like the fact thatwe recognise their culture, so there has to be this sort of double recognition, in fact."

- En quoi exactement ?Pendant le briefing, les chefs de cabine possèdent une sorte de livret contenant les particularités des pays. Parexemple, chez les Indiens, on veille à respecter leur façon de dire oui ou non afin de ne pas commettre d‛impair. C‛estsur ce genre de chose que l‛effort est fait, de sorte que les passagers se rendent compte que l‛on s‛imprègne de leurfaçon d‛être, qu‛ils se sentent un peu chez eux, chez nous. Souvent les problèmes partent d‛une incompréhension.- Est-ce que ceci se fait depuis toujours, où y-a-t-il une sorte d‛accentuation, de renouveau …. ?Non, cela s‛est accentué en 1993/1995… il y a un changement de politique au niveau d‛Air France. Je pense qu‛Air Frances‛est rendue compte qu‛elle n‛était pas LA compagnie, qu‛il y avait de la concurrence…. Il y a beaucoup de choses qui ontchangé- Les autres compagnies le faisaient-elles ?Je ne saurais le dire.- Je crois que c‛est devenu très à la mode, l‛inter-culturel, à cette époque-là ?Je pense qu‛il y a eu cela aussi. Les gens se sont mis à voyager davantage, ce qui fait qu‛on s‛est rendu compte qu‛il fallaits‛adapter, si on voulait attirer la clientèle chez nous. Non seulement ils apprécient notre façon d‛être, notre marque defabrique, la France … mais ils aiment aussi qu‛on reconnaisse leur culture donc il faut qu‛il y ait cette doublereconnaissance en fait.



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RIGHT or WRONG ??j- Passengers appreciate the typical identity of the company. Rk- There are strict regulations inside the company with reagrd to uniforms. Rl- Hairstyles are less important, though. Wm- Each member of the staff (of flight attendants) has to get into a mould. Rn- The personalities of each member of the staff are not taken into consideration. Wo- Every one looks identical in the company. Rp- The way we behave and speak is the very image of the company. Rq- The image of the company that is given differs from the image of the country we belong to.Wr- All national companies tend to promote the same national policy. Rs- In the US, it is similar as they also have only one single company. W


Questions :1)- What specific tasks do flight attendants have to perform once passengers have disembarked ?

Stay at their stations for disembarking Check everything again See everyone off the plane Check the cabin through Make sure nobody has forgotten anything Check overhead compartments Check seats and seat pockets

2)- How long does it take to perform all this ? Just under a quarter of an hour

3)- Why do they seal everything ? To avoid theft

4)- When has everything to be sealed ? It has to be done before the doors are opened

5)- What has to be sealed ? Everything that hasn't been consumed (food – drink – material) Everything that remains in the plane Everything in duty-free that is protected by anti-theft devices

6)- What might be stolen on board ? Every duty-free item that has no tax levied on it All the food All the drinks



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"hardly …""not only …""nowhere …"è neverè at no timeè in neither caseè not onceè no soonerè only thenè littleè seldomè not even onceè on no accountè on no occasionè in no circumstancesè never beforeè ……………………


1)- Only in this way did I manage to meet him.2)- At no time have I ever been more criticized than now.3)- Seldom do I see her these days.4)- In no circumstances did I verify it.5)- In neither case was he elected as president.6)- On no account shall I accept this job.7)- Not even once has he offered her a present.8)- Nowhere was he seen on that occasion.9)- Never shall I tell her the truth.10)- Not only could he play the piano, but he could also compose music.

Chapter Six (ex: 16)1)- He looks professional !è He does look professional.2)- We enjoyed being here.è We did enjoy being here.3)- The town centre gets more crowded.è The town centre does get more crowded.4)- I'm certain I saw her.è I'm certain I did see her.5)- I did not touch your car.è I never touched your car.



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6)- I certainly agree with you.è I certainly do agree with you.7)- They met again the following year.è They did meet again the following year.8)- She did not tell him.è She never told him.9)- I love animals.è I do love animals.10)- I loved animals when I was young.è I did love animals when I was young.11)- She loves animals.è She does love animals.12)- Take a seat, won't you ?è Do take a seat, won't you ?


1)- I'm afraid she doesn't like coffee …è Oh yes, she does like coffe !2)- I wondered whether he would accept …è And yes, he did accept !3)- I suppose he didn't drink any beer …è On the contrary, he did drink plenty of beer !4)- I think they didn't come together ….è In fact, yes, they did come together !5)- I guess you took no photos at all …è You're wrong, I did take photos !6)- I'm afraid you didn't meet them …è Well, to tell you the truth, I did meet them !7)- I suppose you didn't walk all the way …è In fact, to be honest with you, I did walk all the way !8)- I wonder whether they will join us …è Oh yes, they will join us !9)- This bus doesn't stop in front of this building …è Are you sure ? I think on the contrary that it does stop in front of this building !10)- John and Stephanie never quarrel …è Oh yes, in fact, they do quarrel all the time !


�- Why are you so late ?è Why on earth are you so late ?�- Who are you ?è How on earth did you manage to do that ?�- What did you want to do it for ?è What the hell did you want to do it for ?



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�- How did you manage to do that ?è Who the devil are you ?�- How can you tell such a thing ?è How on earth can you utter such a thing ?�- Where did I put my cell phone ?è Where the hell did I put my cell phone ?�- When are you going to understand that it is not possible ?è When on earth are you going to understand that it is not possible ?

Crossword chapter VI Mots-croisés chapitre VI



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Chapter Seven

Grammar : keys to exercisesChapter Seven (ex: 01) (a)


Chapter Seven (ex: 01) (b)


Chapter Seven (ex: 02)

a) pacemakers, electronic-nerve simulators, hearing aids and of course digital watches. laptops,handheld computers, devices that can compose (but not transmit or send) e-mail and textmessages, digital cameras, CD and DVD players, hand-held game machines, PDA‛s.

b) pacemakers [stimulateur cardiaque] ; electronic-nerve simulators [stimulateur électrique desnerfs] ; hearing aids [prothèse auditive] ; digital watches [montre à affichage numérique] ;laptops [PC portable] ; handheld computers [ordinateur de main] ; devices that can compose(but not transmit or send) e-mail and text messages [appareils qui peuvent écrire (mais nepas transmettre ou envoyer) des couriers électroniques ou des SMS], digital cameras[appareil photo numérique], CD and DVD players [lecteurs de CD et de DVD] ; hand-heldgame machines [mini consoles de jeu] ; PDA‛s [organiseur/PDA].

c) 15 minutes before landing.d) pacemakers, electronic-nerve simulators, hearing aids and of course digital watchese) Passengers should be aware that the equipment that they are allowed to use may be a nuisance

to other passengers and for respect of those travelling around us, we should show discretionand proper judgement.

f) We should make sure that any devices that play sound or music are listened to throughheadphones, so as to not to bother other people. We should ensure that the type of films thatare being watched are not going to shock or disturb other people if they are able to see thescreen. We should not talk loudly on the phone (after pushback and landing). ..

g) AM or FM radios, scanners, two-way radio devices, remote-controlled equipment or wirelessequipment (ie mouses for laptops, etc). This is due to radio interference with the electronicequipment of the aircraft. Not abiding by these regulations may result in endangering our ownor others‛ lives and failure to comply with Civil Aviation Authority regulations on the matter willcertainly result in a fine and a possible flying ban in the future on the airline in question andothers.

h) Answers not provided : personal opinion.



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1. C 6. B2. B 7. D3. D 8. B4. B 9. C5. C 10. A

Chapter Seven (ex: 04)a. …As we see the average age of our passengers increase, the length of flights get longer as we

are able to travel further and further afield, coupled with the size of the aircraft that we use,airline companies around the world today are having to equip themselves much better withmedical kits in the event of an on-board, in-flight emergency. Everybody knows that cabin creware required by law to have basic safety and medical first-aid treatment training. Many oftoday‛s aircraft companies however today carry with them additional kits that can be used byqualified doctors. There are even some airlines that have such complex medical equipment as adefibrilator. The downside might be the costly training involved of the cabin crew. With theadvent of the A380, companies are even contemplating including completely independent‘medical rooms‛ fully fitted with ECG machines, drips, oxygen and bed….

Notes:· Average age of passengers is increasing.· Length of flights is increasing as we fly further and further away.· Aircraft sizes are increasing.· Airlines already have medical kits.· Need to equip airlines more, however.· Law requires crew to be trained in the event of a medical emergency.· Some airlines have additional doctor-only kits.· Some have very complex equipment (defibrilator).· Disadvantage is that it is costly to train crew to use the equipment.· Advent of super-large aircraft means companies are thinking of including on board special

medical areas that are fully equipped (ECG machinery, drips and a bed).-

b. …As the crew go about their business welcoming the passengers on to the aircraft and helpingthem find their seats, and the passengers start to settle down, the aircraft pulls back and thelittle black box has already started recording data that will be transmitted to the CivilAviation Authority (and in France the DGAC) for analysis whether there is a problem or not.Most people believe that the information contained in the box will only be used in the event ofa problem. There are experts, however, that analyse everything that takes place during aflight, in order to improve the way aircraft function and to prevent incidents occurring. Since aEuropean Directive in 2003 there has been a centralised information database that isobligatory for all European aircraft companies. It is called ECCAIRS: The European Co-ordination Centre for Aviation Incident Reporting Systems. It came into force in 2005 and willenable experts within the European union to analyse and interpret data on incidents andaccidents with the aim of improving flight safety.



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Notes:· Crew carry out their work.· Passengers get themselves seated and settle down.· The black box has already started to record data relating to the instruments.· Data is not only analysed in the event of an emergency or if there is an incident.· Experts analyse the data constantly with the goal of improving flight safety.· CAA (DGAC in France) has the job of analysing the information within the country.· In 2003 there was a European directive.· ECCAIRS was created: The European Co-ordination Centre for Aviation Incident Reporting

Systems (came into force in 2005).· Central data programme available to all EU member states.


Hunting down the insects

During long-haul flights coming from equatorial or tropical regions cabin crew now have the right,and indeed the obligation to pass through the cabin with special aerosols (that of course have nohealth risk!) during the flight. Indeed, according to new directives from the WHO (World HealthOrganisation), they are obliged to do so in order to reduce the risk of carrying unwanted stow-aways back home. According to the EU member states there was a strange occurrence of some 87cases of malaria contracted by people that had never been to a malaria zone, but who lived nearairports between 1969 and 1999. There is an official list of countries in which airline companiesmust get rid of insects during the flight. The cabin crew should be in a position to show the emptyaerosols that correspond to each flight and the identifation numbers that go with them.




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Grammar : keys to exercisesChapter Seven (ex: 07)P U L S E

W F I R EE AL D I A G N O S I SL HING

VB L O O D C L O T

MIT E A R

Chapter Seven (ex: 08)Answers not provided

Chapter Seven (ex: 09) (c + e)

c)-

e)-

Announcement :In the event of an emergency landing, move quickly to the closestO o o O o o o O o o O o O (o) O o o o O oavailable exit. Take nothing with you. Floor-level lightingo O o o O o O O o O o O O o O owill be provided. O o o O o

Announcement :Ladies and gentlemen, could we have your attention, please. One of ourO o o O o o O o o o o O o O O o opassengers has been taken ill. If you are a doctor,O o o o o O o O O o o o O owould you please contact a crew member ?o o o O o O o O o o

Announcement :Opening the doors automatically inflates the evacuation slide . ...detachO o o o O o o Oo o o o O(o) o o O oo o O (o) o Oto form rafts. o O O



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Grammar : keys to exercisesChapter Seven (ex: 10)

- You spoke to us about the safety equipment that you have to know how to use andreactualize? What type of equipment is it? Is there a medical kit on board?Indeed, the equipment is always on board the plane. There is the equipment that is mobile and theaircraft itself. But, it belongs to the aircraft. When the cabin crew arrives on board, they check itthrough. It is only used in case of an emergency. On every flight, as soon as we get on board, we runthrough the check. There is the checklist. All the equipment has to be verified before thedeparture so that everything is in perfect order before taking off. It would have to be changed ifit were faulty. The plane might not even be allowed to leave if there was equipment missing orfaulty, such as the exit lighting, for instance. If the exit lighting is faulty over a certain percentageof the aircraft, it may be grounded. If the door of the plane is faulty, passengers will not beallowed to board. This is all very regulated. It‛s a technical aspect that is above all managed by thepilots but verified by the cabin crew.

- I am not certain that the passengers are aware of all that.Indeed, the passengers are surprised to know that the flight attendants board the aircraft an hourand a half before take-off. We are responsible for checking the plane. Then, we check the serviceson board. The medical equipment is part of what we verify when we get on the plane. There is the“first-aid kit” which is mainly made up of Spasfon, or Aspirin, or anything that might be of help to apassenger if he doesn‛t feel well. Then there is the “medical kit”. It contains a blood-pressuremonitor, a stethoscope and stronger types of medication. These sorts of things might be helpful toa doctor. This box is padlocked, which can only be opened by a doctor along with the pilot‛s say-so.

- Vous nous parliez du matériel de sécurité qu'il fallait manipuler, réactualiser. De quels gens de matériels'agit-il ? Y a-t-il une trousse médicale à bord ?En effet, le matériel reste toujours dans l'avion. Il y a le matériel mobile et l'avion lui-même. Mais cela appartientà l'avion. Quand le personnel navigant commercial arrive à bord, il vérifie, il manipule. C'est en général un matérieldont on se sert en cas d'urgence. À chaque vol, dès que l'on entre dans l'avion on procède à la vérification. Il y aune check-liste. Tout le matériel doit être vérifié avant le départ afin que tout soit impeccable pour effectuer levol. Il faudra l'échanger s'il est défectueux. L'avion, même, peut ne pas partir si certains matériels sontmanquants ou défectueux. Comme par exemple l'éclairage de secours. Si l'éclairage de secours est défectueux surun certain pourcentage de l'appareil, on peut empêcher un départ. Si une porte de l'avion est défectueuse, on vaempêcher certains passagers de monter. Tout cela est très réglementé. C'est un côté technique qui est surtoutgéré par les pilotes mais vérifié par le personnel navigant commercial.

- Je ne crois pas que les passagers soient au courant de tout cela.Tout à fait, les passagers sont étonnés de savoir que le personnel navigant commercial monte à bord une heure etdemi avant le vol. Notre tâche est de vérifier que l'avion est en état. Ensuite nous vérifions le nombre deprestations à bord. Le matériel médical fait partie des choses que nous vérifions en montant a bord. Il y a la'trousse de première urgence' qui va être essentiellement constituée de Spasfon, de l'Aspirine, toute chose quipeut dépanner un passager s'il ne se sent pas bien. Ensuite il y a la 'trousse médicale'. Elle contient untensiomètre, un stéthoscope, des médicaments plus puissants. Ils pourront servir à un médecin. Cette boîte estfermée avec un cadenas. Ce cadenas ne sera ouvert que par un médecin, avec l'accord du commandant de bord.



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- Does that mean that if there is a problem on board, then you ask if there is a doctoramong the passengers?Yes. The first thing we do when we come across a medical problem on board is to start to determinejust how important it is. If it is someone who just comes along and says, "I don‛t feel well", then wewill sit them down and give them a fruit juice: we can see that they‛ve probably got a bit ofhypoglycaemia or something similar. Only then, if there is something serious do we inform thecaptain who will give the green light to make an announcement and find a passenger who is a doctor.- Do you have a passenger list that enables you to know such information?No, not at all. We don‛t know the professions of passengers. It is possible that there is a particularflight say to take doctors to a congress…that might be a help. But, most of the time we don‛t knowwho we have on board with us. We do have a specific announcement though, in our announcementbook, to request a doctor. It goes something like this: "the state of health of one of our passengersrequires the assistance of a doctor…". We would make the announcement in several languages. Onour flights to Japan, the announcement would be made by one of our Japanese flight attendants, toChina there would be Chinese or Korean flight attendants. There is always an interpreter or a nativeattendant on our flights to Asia. The same goes for our flights to South America, for Brazil forinstance we always have stewards or airhostesses that speak Portuguese.

- Cela veut dire que s'il y a un problème à bord, vous demanderiez si un médecin se trouve à bord parmi lespassagers ?Oui. La première chose que l'on fait quand on voit un problème médical à bord, on commence par évaluer sonimportance. S'il s'agit de quelqu'un qui vient vous voir en disant "je ne me sens pas bien", on va l'assoir, lui donnerdu jus de fruits : on voit qu'il s'agit d'une hypoglycémie ou quelque chose de similaire. Ensuite seulement, si c'estquelque chose de grave, on va prévenir le commandant de bord qui nous donnera l'autorisation de faire la demande,par annonce, pour s'assurer de la présence d'un médecin à bord.- Avez-vous une liste de passagers qui vous permettrait d'avoir cette information ?Non, absolument pas. Nous ne connaissons pas les professions de passagers. Il peut y avoir des vols particuliers,comme par exemple un congrès de médecins,… cela peut faciliter. Mais la plupart du temps, nous ne savons pas quinous avons à bord. Nous avons une annonce spécifique, dans notre carnet d'annonces, pour demander un médecin.C'est du genre : "L'état d'un de nos passagers nécessite la présence d'un médecin, …". Cette annonce sera faite enplusieurs langues. Sur nos vols vers le Japon, l'annonce sera faite par une de nos hôtesses japonaises, vers la Chineet il y aura des hôtesses chinoises ou coréennes. Il y a toujours une traductrice ou une hôtesse dans nos vols versl'Asie. C'est également le cas dans nos vols vers l'Amérique du Sud, le Brésil, pour lesquels nous avons un groupede stewards ou d'hôtesses de l'air parlant portugais.



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- During your career, how many times have you been through incidents, or somethingexceptional medical-wise?It‛s not all that exceptional. We go on training courses every year. We also hear of roughly twodeaths per year at least on all flights of the company I work for. Two births also, so it balances out.It‛s not that unheard of because we have had defibrillators for the past five years…we havedefibrillators on board. We have been trained to use them. Cardiac arrests are quite frequentoccurrences. They are semi-automatic systems. I mean, we set the machine up, initialise it and themachine guides us through the operation.- What about responsibility? Are you responsible? Since you are not doctors, what ifsomething were to happen? Could you legally be held responsible, or sued?Of course, we could if we didn‛t do what was set out in the manuals. But, if we follow exactly what islaid down in the guidebooks, then we are covered. To some extent, the company protects us. Thereare also doctors on board that assist us. If there isn‛t a doctor on board, then we can call throughto the Ambulance Service, via radio, thanks to the pilots. Then they would guide us through what wehave to do. For instance, if we have to give someone a heart massage, then we aren‛t allowed to stopdoing it on our own accord. I mean, if it all happens somewhere mid-Atlantic, then we would have tocarry on until we landed. Then only a doctor would be able to declare the death, or give us the orderto continue until the arrival of the local paramedics take over. We are limited, I guess. We can‛toverride that. But, we are forced to act, and if we don‛t we could be sued for refusing to assistsomeone in danger. We have first aid training. It‛s just like driving down the road, if someone knowsthat I have first-aid training, I could be prosecuted if I don‛t step in and do something. It is agreat responsibility.- And is the captain the one who is responsible overall?The captain does, anyhow, have all the responsibility for the entire flight. Whatever happens, thefinal responsibility falls on him. Just as the Purser does…we are very much a clearly-definedhierarchical structure.

- Au cours de votre carrière, combien de fois avez-vous vécu d'incidents, quelque chose de vraimentexceptionnel ou encore un incident médical ?Ce n'est pas si exceptionnel que cela. Nous sommes en stage tous les ans. On nous rapporte également, tous lesans, au moins deux décès à bord, sur l'ensemble de nos vols. Deux naissances également, c'est donc équilibré. Cen'est quand même pas si anodin, parce que depuis cinq ans, nous avons des défibrillateurs à bord. Nous avons étéentraînés à nous servir de défibrillateurs. Les incidents cardiaques sont relativement fréquents. Ce sont dessystèmes semi-automatiques. C'est-à-dire que nous installons le système, nous l'initions et la machine nous guide etnous aide.- Comment cela se passe-t-il sur le plan de la responsabilité ? Êtes-vous dégagés de toute responsabilité ?Comme vous n'êtes pas médecins, si quelque chose arrivait, pourriez-vous être attaqués et tenus pénalementresponsables, puis poursuivis en justice ?Évidemment nous pouvons l'être si nous ne faisons pas ce qui est prescrit dans nos manuels. Mais si nous suivonsexactement ce qui est prévu dans le manuel, nous sommes couverts. Dans une certaine mesure, la compagnie nouscouvre. Nous sommes aidés par des médecins à bord également comme nous l'avons vu. Si nous n'avons pas demédecins à bord, nous pouvons faire appel au SAMU, par la radio, grâce aux pilotes. Dans ce cas-là, c'est eux quinous donneront les directives. Par exemple, si nous avons un massage cardiaque à faire, nous n'avons pas d'autoritépour l'interrompre. C'est-à-dire que si cela arrive au milieu de l'Atlantique et nous faudra continuer de masserjusqu'à l'atterrissage. Ensuite, seul un médecin pourra déclarer le décès, ou nous donnera l'ordre de continuer à



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masser jusqu'à ce que le SAMU local ou les autorités médicales locales prennent le relais. Nous avons donccertaines limites. Nous ne pouvons pas passer outre. Mais nous avons obligation d'agir, faute de quoi nous pourrionsêtre attaqués pour non-assistance à personne en danger. Nous sommes secouristes. C'est comme sur la route, siquelqu'un sait que je suis secouriste, je pourrais être attaqué si je n'interviens pas. C'est une lourde responsabilité.- Et c'est le commandant de bord qui prend la responsabilité globale de l'ensemble ?Le commandant de bord a, de toute façon, la totale responsabilité du vol. Quoi qu'il arrive, il porte laresponsabilité finale. De la même manière que le Chef de Cabine Principal… Nous sommes dans une hiérarchie trèsmarquée.


(Questions)i. It is not all that uncommon, apparently. It does occasionally occur, but we could

probably say that it is not too often.ii. There are approximately two deaths and two births per annum on the airline for

which the flight attendant works and this may be representative of most majorairlines in the world.

iii. They have had such equipment for approximately five years.iv. They need to have them as cardiac arrests appear to be quite common occurences

on board.v. The flight attendants do have training ; but the machines are semi-automatic. You

turn them on and the charge up and then the machine guides them through theprocess.

vi. Flight attendants do have responsibility legally-speaking, but inevitably thecompany for which they work would protect them and defend them…so long as theyhad followed the guidelines set out and the instructions given.

vii. No. They must only follow the instructions of a qualified medical practitioner. Theycan always radio ahead to a doctor or make an announcement. But they are notlegally allowed, for instance, to pronounce a death and so if they are givingsomebody a heart massage they have to carry on until a doctor arives, even if theyare in mid-flight.

viii. Yes, like anybody with any sort of first-aid training, they are legally obliged toprovide assistance to anybody, whether they are on or off duty.



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- And as an employee do you have people who are afraid? I know that might sound rather astrange question, but are flight attendants afraid…does that exist? Or that have come to befrightened of flying? Or that don‛t like it very much at all?Errh…. Let me tell you, I was afraid of flying before. I remember my last flight as a simplepassenger, I was coming back from the States, I was almost in tears for the entire flight because Iwas so afraid. You know…we were caught up in a storm when we left, so I guess it was all of thattogether, I don‛t know…but I decided to go into the profession just after that…heaven knows why, Ihave no idea. And after the training, there was a sort of opposite feeling, a wish to do it…anyhow,the fear had gone. Anyhow, when we are on board, we don‛t think about it. Even if we are very muchattached to the security and safety aspect because the air-conditioning has to be checked everyquarter of an hour, because the pilots have to be checked on to make sure they are ok every fifteenminutes…it‛s always linked to that…we don‛t have time to be afraid. And, anyhow, the machine has tobe trusted because the mechanics have checked it, because the pilots know their job (and, anyway,I live with a pilot, so I know the baggage that they have in terms of training behind them…I can onlytrust them…).

Answers not provided : personal answers.

- Et à votre niveau, en tant qu‛employés, vous avez des gens qui ont peur ? Je sais que ça pourrait paraîtrebizarre comme question, mais des PNC qui ont peur, est-ce que ça existe ? Ou qui ont développé cettecrainte de l‛avion ? Ou qui n‛aime plus trop voler ?Euh…. Je vais vous dire, moi j‛avais peur de l‛avion, avant. Je me rappelle mon tout dernier vol en tant que simplepassager, je revenais des Etats-Unis, j‛étais quasiment en larmes tout le vol tellement j‛avais eu peur. Bon … onavait été pris dans une tempête au départ, donc c‛était un petit lié à ça, je ne sais pas… Mais j‛ai décidé de faire cemétier juste après, allez savoir pourquoi, je n‛en sais rien. Et après la formation, il y a eu, au contraire, une enviede le faire.. de toute façon la peur avait disparue. Et de toute façon quand on est dans l‛avion, on n'y pense pas.Même si on est très attaché à cette sécurité parce qu‛on va vérifier la "clim" tous les quarts d‛heure, parce qu‛onva vérifier que les pilotes vont bien tous les quarts d‛heure … c‛est toujours attaché à ça … on n‛a pas le tempsd‛avoir peur. Et puis, on a confiance … on a confiance dans la machine parce que les mécanos l‛ont vérifiée, parceque les pilotes connaissent leur métier (puis, bon, je vis avec un pilote donc je sais tout le travail qu‛il y a derrièreeux .. je ne peux que leur faire confiance …).

Chapter Seven (ex: 14)- And when there is a real case of anxiety, do you have the right to give any medication?Yes, we have some very very weak stuff that we are allowed to give to the passengers.- Such as?It‛s called Sympathil, after we have made sure, of course, that there are no allergies to it or thatthey are allowed to take it.- And that‛s a decision that the flight attendant is allowed to take on his own, or does thecaptain have to give the okay?No, no, it‛s in the first aid kit, that‛s one of the medicines that we are allowed to give on ourown…but it would have to be recorded, anyhow. Everything that we give by way of medication mustbe noted down in writing. If ever there is the slightest problem, we have to be able to backourselves up with written documents: what we gave to whom and how…



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Grammar : keys to exercisesEverything that is strictly controlled in the medical kit (I mean, injections, tranquillizers, anti-depressives or things that are much stronger, everything connected with the heart, blood) areprescription drugs. The rest is going to be paracetamol, Maalox, Antispas things that are going toalleviate slight pain, slight anxiety, slight discomfort, let‛s say…- And do you have many passengers that ask for that sort of thing?Paracetamol is quite frequent. Yes, quite a few have headaches. But, that‛s probably because of thepressurisation of the cabin.- And so it is more or less paracetamol that you give out, not anything else…Yes…some might ask for aspirin.- Do you give them the choice?No, we only have paracetamol, I guess because it‛s the one drug that is the most allowed.- And what about ibuprofen? Painkillers…?No. We don‛t have any. There are no anti-inflammatory drugs either. They‛re all medicines that arefar too strong. We aren‛t allowed to dispense that sort of medication.

- Et dans le cas d‛une anxiété déclarée, vous avez le droit de donner une médication ?Oui, on a des choses très, très légères, qu‛on peut effectivement donner aux passagers- Quel genre ?Sympathil, après bien sûr avoir vérifié qu‛il n‛y ait pas d‛intolérance, qu‛on était bien au courant de ce qu‛il avait.- Et là c‛est une décision que le PNC peut prendre ou bien faut-il également intégrer le commandant de bord ?Non, non, ça fait partie de la trousse de première urgence, ça fait partie des médicaments qu‛on peut donner… maisde toute façon qu‛il faut rapporter. Tout ce qu‛on donne en médicaments, il faut qu‛on le note. Si jamais il y a lemoindre problème on doit tous s‛appuyer sur des rapports écrits : qui a donné quoi et comment …Tout ce qui va être règlementé dans la trousse médecin (ça va être les injections, les anxiolithiques, lesantidépresseurs ou les choses beaucoup plus lourdes, tout ce qui relève du cardiaque, du veineux) ce sont desmédicaments qui vont être donnés sur ordonnance. Le reste va être du doliprane, du maalox, du spasfon, deschoses pour soulager des petites douleurs, des petites anxiétés, les petits désagréments, on va dire…- Et vous avez beaucoup de passagers qui vous demandent ce genre de choses ?Le doliprane très fréquemment. Oui, beaucoup ont mal à la tête. Mais c‛est certainement dû à la pressurisation.- Et donc c‛est du paracétamol, exclusivement. Il n‛y a pas d‛autre molécule…Si, …. certains passagers vont demander de l‛aspirine.- Est-ce que vous leur donnez le choix ?Non, on n‛a que le paracétamol parce que je pense que c‛est le médicament qui a le moins de contre-indications.- Les ibuprofènes ne sont pas donnés, non plus ? Des antidouleurs …?Non. Nous n‛en avons pas. Il n‛y a pas d‛anti-inflammatoires non plus. Tout ça ce sont des médications trop fortes.On n‛a pas le droit de donner ce genre de choses.


The Safety and Security Certificate of flight attendants is the necessary training for any flightattendant. When we become a hostess or steward, we generally already have the certificate. Then, thecompanies deal with training the personnel, providing the rest of the training necessary for the job.- For example, how you might act when faced with an aggressive passenger ?Exactly. They will take care of the inter-crew training, between the staff, and the communicationwith the passengers. They will also deal with what we call ‘qualifying training‛. I mean, for instance,companies all have different types of aircraft. So, there that would entail specific training in itself.The company would have to provide training for a Boeing 747 or an Airbus A320 or an Airbus A340.



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Each time there would be a very particular qualifying training course that would be very specific:certainly a few days training and on-site training actually on the aircraft in question.The basis of the profession is first aid and safety. Contrary to the image given by the flightattendant: the airhostess or the steward who has a commercial image, the profession is highlytechnical.The constant battle between the hierarchy and the flight crew is that the company would like us tobe commercial above all, because it‛s the image that sells. Whereas for us as cabin crew, ourprimary function : ensuring the safety of our passengers. That‛s our main reason for being there andwhy we are on board.

Answers not provided : personal answers.

Le C.S.S. est un certificat primordial pour le PNC. Quand on devient hôtesse de l'air ou steward en général on adéjà ce certificat. Ensuite, ce sont les compagnies qui vont se charger de former le personnel, et de lui apportertout le reste de la formation.- Par exemple, comment agir en présence d'un passager agressif ?Tout à fait. Ils vont se charger de la formation intra-équipage, donc entre les personnels, de la communication avecles passagers. Ils vont également se charger d'apporter la formation de ce que l'on appelle les "qualificatifs".C'est-à-dire que, par exemple, toutes les compagnies n'utilisent pas les mêmes appareils. Ce sont donc desformations spécifiques qu'il faudra apporter. C'est la compagnie qui va se charger de former sur Boeing 747 ouAirbus A 320, Airbus A 340. Il s'agit à chaque fois d'une formation qualificative toute particulière et obtenue àl'issue d'une formation très spécifique : un stage de quelques jours en contact avec l'appareil en question.La base de la profession c'est le secourisme et la sécurité. Contrairement à l'image donnée par le PNC : hôtesse del'air ou steward qui est davantage image de commercial, la profession est extrêmement technique.La querelle constante entre notre hiérarchie et les PNC c'est que la compagnie voudrait que nous soyonscommercial avant tout, parce que c'est l'image qui fait vendre. En revanche pour nous, personnels PNC, la fonctionpremière c'est la sécurité. C'est l'aspect principal de notre métier et la raison première pour laquelle nous noustrouvons à bord.


1)- Who flew with you to Paris ?2)- Which of these few destinations is your favourite ?3)- What is wrong with this engine ?4)- Who left the lights on last night ?5)- What is the captain's name ?6)- Which language is the easiest to learn : Spanish, English or Chinese ?7)- What is the way to gate n° 4 ?8)- Who is the Captain, today ?



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1)- She's wearing a new uniform.è What is she wearing ?2)- His parents bought him a present.è What did his parents buy him ?3)- I can recommend this one.è Which one can you recommend ?4)- The captain is in command.è Who is in command ?5)- She'll give you the red one.è Which one will she give you ?6)- They are waiting for the passengers to arrive. è Who's waiting for the passengers to arrive ?

(What are they doing ?)7)- They are waiting for the passengers to arrive.è Who are they waiting for ?

(What are they waiting for ?8)- She's coming back next week.è When is she coming back ?9)- She's coming back next week.è Who is coming back next week ?10)- I have two free tickets left.è How many free tickets have you left ?11)- He has given his seat to the old lady.è Who has he given his seat to ?12)- He left his glasses on the table.è Where did he leave his glasses ?


1)- He is going to London with his friends.è Who is he going to London with ?2)- I paid less than £100 for this ticket.è How much did you pay for this ticket ?3)- Their conversation was about business matters.è What was their conversation about ?4)- We shall be getting the information from that flight attendant.è Who shall we be getting the info from ?5)- Her brother is as courageous as a lion.è How courageous is her brother ?6)- They were going to put their luggage in the overhead compartment.è Where were they going to put their luggage ?7)- Gate n° 4 is only a few hundred yards away.è How far away is gate n° 4 ?8)- New York is a fascinating city.è What kind of city is New York ?9)- That building is more than 300 feet high.è How high (how tall) is that building ?10)- We have already told her dozens of times.è How often have you already told her ?11)- We shall meet them next summer.è When will you meet them ?12)- She spilled most of her drink because the aircraft was going through a zone of turbulence.è Why (For what reason) did she spill most of her drink ?



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The agent crossed out at the end of the sentence means it is pointless to mention it.Quand le complément d'agent apparaît barré en fin de phrases, cela signifie qu'il est inutile.

1)- This sculpture is always admired particularly by tourists2)- English is spoken all over the world by a lot of people.3)- The answers should be noted on a separate piece of paper (by you).4)- These DVD's are not supposed to be borrowed (by you).5)- He was blamed for something he had not done (by them).6)- Were the lights left on (by you) ?7)- Has a solution been found (by anyone) ?8)- Were (any) questions asked about the candidate (by someone) ?9)- The book will be completed by the end of the year (by the author).10)- Something would be done if you really asked (by him).


1)- The passenger were given another boarding pass.2)- His brother has been promoted (to) a captain.3)- Women are still too often denied the right to professional promotion.4)- You will be told the time of departure by that flight attendant over there.5)- I was recommended another company.6)- They were all asked several questions by the police.7)- When we first met, I had already been offered the job by the company.8)- We were promised cheaper fares.9)- Each passenger should be allowed extra hand-luggage.10)- The man has been refused a boarding pass (by the authorities).11)- The flight attendants will be shown the new aircraft.12)- I was given a new boarding pass.


1. Can you hear me, Sir /Madam ?2. What‛s your name, Sir ?3. Can you give me your name, Sir ?4. Can you tell me where it hurts, Madam ?5. Can you tell me how you feel, Madam ?6. What exactly happened to you, Sir ?7. Are you on any medication, Sir ?8. Are you currently under a doctor ?9. Did you pass out, Sir ?



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10. What day is it today ?11. Where are you going ?12. Do you remember what happened ?13. Have you eaten anything ?14. Would you like a drink ?15. Why don‛t you sit down quietly for a moment, Sir ?16. Let‛s take care of you…now don‛t worry, Sir . We are qualified for this sort of

occurrence.17. Take deep breaths, Madam.18. I‛ll get you some fresh water….I‛ll be right back/I‛ll leave you with my colleague19. Did anybody see what happened exactly ?20. Are you travelling with anyone, Sir ?




1. The judge can‛t hear vey well ; you‛ll have to speak up.2. I don‛t hear you when you creep up on me like that !3. It feels like wool.4. He is watching the birds in the garden at the moment.5. He is hearing the evidence.6. She hears voices !

7. Ce vin a un goût super !8. Il semble avoir compris.9. Il sort avec Denise.10. Est-ce que tu vois les oiseaux dans le ciel là ?







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Crossword chapter VII Mots-croisés chapitre VII



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Chapter Eight

Grammar : keys to exercisesChapter Eight (ex: 01)è "tiring" (fatigant) :" … physically and emotionally demanding job …"" … on their feet during most of the flight …"" … constantly under pressure" … complete their tasks within the scheduled flight time" … serving meals and […] under turbulent flying conditions, and despite stress or fatigue …"" … passengers who may be difficult characters or behave rudely …"" … to live out of suitcases for weeks on end …"" … scheduled to fly at any hour …"" … requested to work on weekends and holidays …"" … the responsibility of the flight …"è "pleasant" (agréable) :

""" ………enjoying the benefits of travel ………"""" … be allowed to relax a little …"" … go back home …"" … enjoy the stop-over as much as they can …"

Chapter Eight (ex: 02)

�- Keep your seatbelt fastened while the 'seatbelt' sign is on.�- Remain in your seats until the aircraft comes to a complete standstill.�- Don't smoke : the terminal also is a non-smoking area.�- When opening the overhead compartments, be careful not to drop any item.�- Make sure you do not forget anything in the aircraft.�- Once in the terminal, never leave you luggage unattended.�- For the disabled, a wheelchair will be made available inside the terminal.�- We hope you had a pleasant flight. Good bye and thank you !

Chapter Eight (ex: 03)Thank You !Good bye, madam … / sir …Have a nice day !Have a nice journey !Thank you for flying with our us.We hope to see you back on our company.We hope you had a pleasant flight.



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Grammar : keys to exercisesChapter Eight (ex: 04)

- Les passagers sont priés de se présenter au point de livraison des bagages- Au point de récupération des bagages, en attendant que les bagages apparaissent sur letapis roulant.- Pas de chance ! Je ne vois pas mes bagages.- Pourquoi ? :Ils ont été recupérés par quelqu'un par erreur.Leur destination a été modifiée.Ils n'ont pas suivis ma destination.L'étiquette a été arrachée.Ils n'ont pas pu être chargés à temps sur mon vol.Il y a eu un problème d'étiquetage au moment de l'enregistrement des bagages.

Puisque les bagages ne sont pas là : aller voir un responsable pour signaler la situation."J'étais sur le vol FA 2047 de Gainsborough.""Je n'arrive pas à trouver mes bagages.""Je crains qu'ils se soient perdus.""J'ai peur de les avoir perdus."

Description des bagages :"C'est une petite valise (un grand sac) bleue (noire / grise) en plastic (en cuir)."Elle ressemble à celle-ci.""Elle a deux roulettes et une large poignée en plastic.""Elle porte une étiquette avec mon nom et mon adresse."

"On vient de retrouver votre valise.""Elle a subi quelques dommages.""Voulez-vous déposer plainte ?"


Passer la douane

è Les passagers ne sont pas les seuls à avoir des bagages et à passer la douane.è Les PNC également ont à obéir à ces procédures de contrôles douaniers.

è Services douaniers et officiers des douanes.Ä responsables de la sécurité : protéger le pays de l'entrée illégale de

produits ainsi que de passagers indésirables.



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- "Puis-je voir votre passeport ?"- "Puis-je voir votre formulaire d'immigration ?"- "D'où venez-vous ?"- "Quel est le but de votre séjour ?"- "Combien de temps comptez-vous rester ?"- "Sur quel vol étiez-vous ?"

è Les bagages ne doivent contenir aucun des objets réglementés, illégaux ou interditsmentionnés sur le formulaire d'immigration.

Faute de quoi, voici ce qui pourrait arriver :� Les objets pourraient être confisqués� Le passager pourrait être refoulé� Le passager pourrait être arrêté







"We remind you that mobile phones must not be used until the aircraft o o O o o O o(o) O (o) O O o O o o O o O o(o)comes to a complete standstill." O (o) o o o O(o) O o


"Our arrival at the terminal is scheduled for 9:45. We do apologise for this delay." o oO o o o O o o o O o(o) o OOoO o O o Ooo(o) o o o O


"Please be careful when opening the overhead compartment in caseO (o) O O o o o Oo o o O o O o O (o) o O(o)

something falls out."O (o) o O O



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Chapter Eight (ex: 10)- Do passengers often leave belongings behind ?We do often find things. More often than not, it‛s something very basic. It might just be their handluggage or a duty free bag, for instance, passengers who have made purchases and who forget them.It might be a glasses case left lying on the seat. For that sort of little thing, we don'tsystematically call the police. We do that sort of thing above all for baggage that has been leftbehind. When we come across a glasses case, we look to see if the glasses are inside; if they are,then we give the case to the ground personnel. We check the seat where we found the object onceagain, we take the cushions off, we take off the seat covers to make sure that there is nothingsuspicious there…we aren‛t going to call the police for that sort of thing.


"We would like to inform our passengers that they will be asked to show their o o O o o O o O o (o) O o o o O(o) o O o boarding pass or their tickets to the ground staff as they leave the aircraft." O o O o o O o o o O O o o O(o) o O o(o)


"Thank you for travelling with us on this flight." O o o O o o o O o o O


"We wish you a very nice day and a very pleasant onward journey o O O o O o O(o) O o o O o O o O o O oif you are in transit."o o O o O o


"Before leaving the aircraft, make sure you do not forget anything." o O O o o O o(o) O O o o o O o O O (o) o



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Grammar : keys to exercises- Est-t-il fréquent que les passagers oublient des objets ?Il est fréquent que l'on trouve quelque chose. Le plus souvent il s'agit de quelque chose d'anodin. Ça peut être unbagage ou un sac de "duty" par exemple, les passagers qui ont fait un achat et qui l'ont oublié. Ça peut être unboîtier de lunettes qui traîne sur un siège. Pour ces petits objets-là, nous n'appelons pas systématiquement lesservices de police. Nous le faisons surtout lorsqu'un bagage est "oublié". Dans le cas d'un boîtier de lunettes, onvérifie si les lunettes se trouvent à l'intérieur ou pas ; si l'on voit que c'est le cas on va restituer le boîtier aupersonnel d'escale. On vérifie à nouveau le siège sur lequel on l'a trouvé, on enlève les coussins, on sort leshousses, à fin de tout bien vérifier et si l'on ne trouve rien d'autre de particulièrement suspect, on ne va pas fairedéplacer les services de police.


And while we‛re on the subject, how do you get by with the problem of jet lag?Well, we don‛t ! You get home and you go to bed !So, you‛re all out of synch?Well, that all depends on the length of the stopover. We do a lot of "flights in threes", I mean weleave, we get two hours stopover and then we come home.So, it‛s not worth it, then?Generally speaking, and I‛m speaking about South American flights…I‛ll use that as an example,because I know it very well (that‛s my sector), we get there at about 15:00-17:00 hours. We try tohold out till about 21:00 hours. I‛ve not had any trouble sleeping, so I sleep through to 7:00 a.m.the next morning.And then you‛re off again?And after, we have the entire morning to look around, and a call for about 13:00 or 14:00 hours,ready to take off at 1700 hours, local time. Which means that we get back to Europe at about07:00 or 08:00 hours the following morning.

- Et justement, comment faites-vous avec le décalage horaire ?Et bien, on ne fait pas ! On arrive et on va dormir !- Donc vous êtes décalée complètement ?Et bien ça va dépendre du temps d‛escale. On fait maintenant beaucoup, beaucoup de "vols en trois", c‛est-à-dire onpart, on passe deux heures sur place, on revient.- Alors là, ça ne vaut pas la peine ?En général, et là je veux parler des vols Amérique du Sud, … je veux parler de ce secteur là parce que c‛est unsecteur que je connais bien, (c‛est mon secteur), on va arriver aux environs de 15h.00-17h.00. On va essayer detenir le coup jusqu‛à 21h.00. Jusqu‛à présent, je n‛avais pas de problème de sommeil, donc je dormais jusqu‛aulendemain matin 7h.00.- Et l'on repart ?Et après, on va avoir la matinée pour se promener un peu, et un réveil sur le coup de 13h.00-14h.00, pour redécollervers 17h.00, heure locale. Ca va nous faire arriver à 7h.00-8h.00 du matin en Europe.

Chapter Eight (ex: 12)- When you arrive in places like the USA, are there regulations you have to respect, do you have specialtreatment from the Customs officials, immigration officers or do you as flight attendants have to wait 2or 3 hours in a queue?Oh, no, not at all. There are crew queues.-With searches that are as extensive?Yes. It‛s probably even worse for the crew members now. Because there was a period of mistrust, after the9/11 attacks, when everybody thought that the next attack was going to be made by a specially trained crew: as



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they had already managed to get on board, they could quite easily have infiltrated a crew. So, we got searchedalmost more than the passengers. Plus, we have necessary equipment on board such as scissors, knives ; it wasstuff we had to leave on the plane. I mean, on arrival in the States, we had all of that taken away from us,confiscated from our baggage and put in a special envelope that was kept at the stopover point and which washanded back to us when we got back on board the aircraft. It wasn‛t allowed onto US soil anymore.- But, you had to follow the same demands : no scissors, no liquids…so, you would have to buy themagain if you needed them, for example?For example. But, having said that, the hotels where we are put up, they do have all of that sort of stuff.- So, not the time to start a collection of scissors, then?No way! Because, there was a time when they would confiscate them and destroy whatever they found on you.Yes, we have to follow the same requirements as passengers, even worse. Zero tolerance where we areconcerned. If we want to buy cigarettes, we aren‛t actually allowed. They tolerate a packet or two.- Oh, you‛re not allowed? Not like passengers.Oh, that would make it all too easy. Otherwise, I‛d end up a cigarette trafficker. Yes, I can buy a packet andsmoke them myself, and that‛s about it.- But, not in duty-free?No. But, when all‛s said and done. I can do whatever I want to, and it‛s down to me, either I pay the duty or Ihave them confiscated. I wouldn‛t say that it‛s something that is illegal, though.- No, it‛s not a crime!Let‛s suffice to say that certain things are going to be tolerated, but that we don‛t have the same rights as thepassengers. It‛s much more restricted for us. Having said that, it‛s easy to understand, otherwise it‛d be too easy.

- Quand vous arrivez à des endroits comme par exemple les Etats-Unis, est-ce qu‛il y a des consignes, est-ce que vous avez untraitement spécial pour la douane, l‛immigration ou est-ce que vous (PNC), vous devez attendre 2h-3h dans une file d‛attente ?Non, non non. Il y a des files "équipage".-Avec des fouilles tout aussi minutieuses ?Oui. Ca va presque être pire pour les équipages maintenant. Parce qu‛il y a eu une période de méfiance, après le 11 septembre,pendant laquelle le bruit courrait que le prochain attentat viendrait d‛un équipage qui serait formé : comme ils avaient déjà pumonter à bord, ils auraient très bien pu infiltrer un équipage. Donc on était fouillé quasiment plus que les passagers. D‛ailleurstout le matériel, parce qu‛on a besoin d‛un certain matériel à bord, tels que des ciseaux, des couteaux ; c‛était des choses qu‛onlaissait dans l‛avion. C‛est-à-dire qu‛en arrivant aux Etats-Unis, on enlevait tout le matériel de nos bagages, on le mettait dansune enveloppe spécifique qui était gardée à l‛escale et qui nous étai rendue quand on remontait dans l‛avion. Ça n'entrait pas surle territoire américain- Mais vous aussi, vous avez-eu les mêmes soucis, ne pas avoir de ciseaux, de liquide …. Donc vous, si vous en avez besoin, vousêtes obligés d‛en racheter par exemple ?Par exemple. Mais cela dit, dans les hôtels où on est hébergé, il y a tout ce qu‛il faut.- C‛est donc pas le moment de commencer une collection de ciseauxNon ! Parce qu‛il fut une période où si jamais ils les trouvaient, ils les confisquaient, ils les détruisaient. Oui, nous sommessoumis exactement aux mêmes règles que les passagers, même pires. Pour nous il n‛y a pas de tolérance. Si on veut s‛acheterdes cigarettes, on n‛a pas le droit en fait. Ils vont tolérer un paquet, deux paquets.- Ah, vous n‛avez pas le droit ? Pas comme les passagersAh bien ça serait trop facile, sinon je fais un trafic de cigarettes. Oui, je peux m‛acheter un paquet de cigarettes pour uneconsommation personnelle, et c‛est tout.- Mais pas en duty free ?Non. Après, je le fais si j‛ai envie de le faire, mais c‛est ma responsabilité si je me fais prendre, je paierai les taxes ou je me leferai confisquer. On va dire que c‛est pas quelque chose d‛illégal non plus- Non, ce n‛est pas un crime !On va dire qu‛ils vont tolérer certaines choses mais qu‛on n‛a pas les mêmes droits que les passagers. C‛est beaucoup plusrestrictif pour nous. Cela dit, ça peut se comprendre sinon ce serait trop facile.



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- Then, what happens? You disembark?Once everything has been checked, we collect our baggage and we leave the aircraft.- Is there a debriefing after the flight that takes place?Between us flight attendants, no. But, between pilots definitely. We only have a debriefing if there has been aproblem, and I‛m talking about a real problem.- Does a report get written?Yes, but that is the chief purser who deals with that. Except if the flight attendant has seen something inparticular…there will be specific reports, either for security or for the commercial aspect. But, otherwise, thechief purser will write a report concerning the major things.- Does he do it on his own, or with the aid of…Supervised by the captain. Without fail!- And written, ready to be sent to the company within 24 hours?On arrival in Paris, the chief purser collects all the papers, the money, because we have money from the sales onboard and it is taken to head office ready to be put into certain letter boxes and certain lockers.- So, I guess that takes a little extra time to get all of that done?Absolutely. During the stopover, it‛s always different because the mission isn‛t over. We are just off of work.It‛s really only once we get to Paris when we disembark: disembarking takes another half hour, about fifteenminutes or so to check the plane, then we get on the shuttle to go back to the operations division and thenthere is some more paperwork to finish off for another 15 to 20 minutes: collect our baggage, get the car andlife begins as normal. Except if there really has been a problem, then there is a debriefing, maybe with a pilot,or the chief purser, perhaps a problem with a crew member, or even a passenger, whatever.- And how do you get to the hotel? Do you get taken there?Well, when we are at the stopover overseas, we have to go through a special channel and there is always aspecial shuttle waiting for us to take us to the hotel.- Then you can do what you like?We are free, but we still have to be in a position to be contacted.I mean, if we stay in town and we stay in the hotel room, there isn‛t going to be a problem.-So, you always have to have a portable phone with you?No. If we are in the town centre, we go shopping or something, the company knows that they can have amessage left for us in our rooms. There‛s not going to be any trouble with that. But, if we want to go offsomewhere, like in Argentina if we want to go on an excursion…well, then, if we know in advance, for instance,that we are going to be gone for a couple of days, then we have to have some way of being contacted or to atleast get in touch every so often to find out if plans have changed. Generally speaking, we leave the phonenumber of the chief purser‛s cell phone or the captain‛s. That‛s what happens on short-haul flights, people wholive outside of Paris and who want to go home during a stopover. Then, you have to leave the home phonenumber, if ever there is a change of flight times, so that … it‛s always possible to get hold of us, or that weprovide some way of finding out. During stopovers, a couple of years ago, when cell phones didn't use to be socommon, we would simply inform the hotel of our movements.

- Ensuite, que se passe-t-il ? Vous quittez l‛avion ?Une fois que tout a été vérifié, on ramasse nos bagages et on quitte l‛avion.- Il y a un debriefing du vol qui se fait ?Entre nous non, entre les pilotes certainement. Nous, le debriefing ne se fait que si vraiment il y a eu un problème,et je veux vraiment dire un gros problème



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Grammar : keys to exercises- Il y a un rapport de vol qui se fait de façon manuscrite ?Oui, mais ça c‛est le chef de cabine principal qui s‛en occupe. Sauf si les PNC ont vu quelque chose de particulierencore une fois … ils vont faire des rapports spécifiques, que ce soit en sécurité ou en commercial. Mais sinon c‛estle chef de cabine principal qui va rapporter ce qui est important.- Et il le fait seul, sans avoir à recours à …Supervisé par le commandant de bord. Toujours !- Par écrit, envoyé à la compagnie dans les 24 h ?A l‛arrivée à Paris, le chef principal de cabine descend tous les papiers, l‛argent, parce qu‛on a de l‛argent avec lesventes à bord et il remet tout ça à Paris, dans certaines boîtes à lettres, dans certains casiers,- Donc cela suppose un temps de travail complémentaire pour faire toutes ces opérations à bord ?Absolument. En escale, c‛est toujours différent car on n‛a pas terminé la mission. On est en repos. C‛estvraiment à l‛arrivée à Paris quand on quitte l‛avion : le débarquement va prendre une demi-heure, un petitquart d‛heure/vingt minutes pour vérifier l‛avion, ensuite on prend la navette pour retourner aux opérationset là il y a encore les quelques papiers à compléter, cela prend un quart d‛heure/vingt minutes, et voilà :reprise des bagages, voiture et la vie reprend son cours. Sauf s‛il y a vraiment eu un problème, alors là, il ya un debriefing, ça peut être avec un pilote, ça peut être avec le chef de cabine principal, ça peut être unproblème d‛équipage, de passager, n‛importe quoi.- Et comment arrivez-vous à l‛hôtel ? On vous amène ?Alors quand on arrive en escale à l‛étranger, il y a un circuit à faire et il y a toujours une navette dédiée àl‛équipage qui nous emmène à l‛hôtel.- Ensuite, vous êtes livrés à vous-même ou… vous êtes libres de faire ce que vous voulez ?Nous sommes libres, mais il faut qu‛on soit toujours joignableC‛est-à-dire que si on reste dans la ville et qu‛on dort dans la chambre d‛hôtel, il n‛y a pas de problème-Donc ça implique forcément qu‛il faut que vous ayez un portable ?Non. Si on reste dans le centre ville, qu‛on fait des courses en ville, la compagnie sait qu‛on peut nous laisser un motdans la chambre. Il n‛y a pas de problème. En revanche si on veut aller se promener, par exemple si on est enArgentine et qu‛on veuille aller faire une excursion, … et bien dans ce cas-là, si l'on sait, par exemple, qu‛on vapartir deux jours, il faut qu‛on ait un moyen soit d‛être joint soit qu‛on contacte nous-même régulièrement poursavoir. En général on laisse des coordonnées au chef de cabine principal et au commandant de bord. C‛est le cas surmoyen courrier, les gens qui habitent en province et qui vont rentrer chez eux pendant l‛escale. Là il faut laisser lenuméro de téléphone de la maison, si jamais il y a un recalage du vol, il faut qu‛on soit joignable, qu‛on donne unmoyen de faire savoir. A l'escale, il y a quelques années, lorsque les portables n'étaient pas si courants, nousprenions simplement l'habitude d'informer l'hotel de nos déplacements…

Chapter Eight (ex: 14)�- Barbara - a flight attendant - has just arrived in the company.è Barbara is a flight attendant who has just arrived in the company.�- Barbara - the new flight attendant - her sister was already in the company.è Barbara is the new flight attendant whose sister was already in the company.�- Barbara - lives in a town - I have forgotten its name.è Barbara lives in a town whose name I have forgotten.�- Barbara - crew member - her brother is a pilot.è Barbara is a crew member whose brother is a pilot.�- All the passengers - were in the aircraft - had a pleasant flight.è All the passengers who were in the aircraft had a pleasant flight.�- These flight attendants - belong to the company - are very professional.è These flight attendants who belong to the company are very professional.�- The two passengers - their names are on the list - have cancelled their flight.è The two passengers whose names are on the list have cancelled their flight.



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�- I have been looking for that flight.è This is the flight Æ I have been looking for.�- She has been talking with the pilot.è This is the pilot Æ she has been talking with.�- We have decided on that destination.è That is the destination Æ we have decided on.�- I have been talking to you about that young pilot.è This is th eyoung pilot Æ I have been talking to you about.�- She has been running away from these people.è These are the people Æ she has been running away from.�- I can never agree with such a person.è This is a person Æ I can never agree with.�- I am totally confident in the company.è This the company Æ I am totally confident in.�- They finally decided to get rid of those ageing flight attendants.è Those are the ageing flight attendants Æ they finally decided to get rid of.�- She refuses to be dependant on those people.è These are the people Æ she refuses to be dependant on.�- The company is now dealing with that problem.è This is the problem Æ the company is now dealing with.

Chapter Eight (ex: 16)Here follow all the grammatically correct constructions.(The arrow indicate the most usual sentence.)

Voici l'ensemble des constructions correctes, grammaticalement.(La flèche indique la phrase la plus courante.)

�- The person Æ I met last week hired me. ç The person that I met last week hired me. The person who I met last week hired me. The person whom I met last week hired me.�- The young man Æ I am talking to is the pilot. ç The young man who I am talking to is the pilot. The young man whom I am talking to is the pilot. The young man to whom I am talking is the pilot.�- The aircraft that has just taken off is very noisy. ç The aircraft which has just taken off is very noisy.�- Flight attendants wear a uniform, which I consider extremely elegant.�- Flight attendants wear a uniform that I consider extremely elegant. ç Flight attendants wear a uniform which I consider extremely elegant.



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�- That air hostess, who has just spoken to you, is a friend of mine.�- Here is the company Æ I worked with for ten years. ç Here is the company that I worked with for ten years. Here is the company which I worked with for ten years. Here is the company with which I worked for ten years.�- Here is the flight attendant Æ I worked with for a year. ç Here is the flight attendant who I worked with for a year. Here is the flight attendant whom I worked with for a year. Here is the flight attendant with whom I worked for a year.


1)- I'm very busy now : I am writing to my friends. In fact I write to them every month.2)- Usually, I start at the office at 8:00. This morning, I am starting much earlier.3)- Whenever it snows, the children get very excited.4)- I always say what I think.5)- Now, I feel so sad because I am thinking that the holiday will be over in just a couple of days.6)- She looks so miserable, when she is looking through the window like this !7)- She always wears black clothes. Today, she is wearing a bright-coloured dress.8)- It's only a joke : don't cry ! I think that when you behave like that, you are being silly !9)- I wonder why they are crying now.10)- I think I know the reason.


1)- Oh, you're reading, are you ?2)- I often read detective novels.3)- What are you thinking about ?4)- Are you feeling better today ?5)- I feel this is the best solution.6)- John is sitting at his desk : is he working ?7)- No ! He never works on Sundays.8)- Are you happy ?9)- This morning, you are being (behaving) like an idiot.10)- Look ! They're having their meal.



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Grammar : keys to exercisesChapter Eight (ex: 19)1)- "I think this is the right way." è non-actif2)- "I think she's wrong"è non-actif3)- "The man behind the counter is weighing my luggage."è actif4)- "What do you mean when you speak like this ?"è non-actif5)- "She weighs less than 8 stone. (st)"è non-actif6)- "The passengers are appearing along the corridor."è actif7)- "We're having a great time on holiday."è active8)- "I hear that you have finally bought this new house."è non-actif9)- "The passengers appear tense and nervous."è non-actif10)- "We're thinking about buying a new car." è actif11)- "I see that you have come early this morning."è non-actif12)- "I'm seeing my colleagues today." è actif13)- "I like my job as a flight attendant."è non-actif14)- "I see what you mean." è non-actif15)- "I have a house in Kent."è non-actif16)- "I feel this is correct." è non-actif17)- "I'm looking at this new magazine." è actif18)- "You're being brilliant !"è actif19)- "I am fitting a new handle to this door."è actif20)- "This looks great !" è non-actif

Crossword chapter VIII Mots-croisés chapitre VIII



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chapitre 9 - keys to exercises

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