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Chapter 17 Slide 2 Slide 3 Duomo (cathedral), baptistery Ponte Vecchio over the Arno Slide 4 Piazza della Signoria Loggia dei Lanzi Galleria degli Uffici David by Michelangelo Slide 5 Piazza della Signoria in the 18 th century: -Palazzo Vecchio -Galleria degli Uffici -Loggia dei Lanzi Slide 6 Slide 7 Cosimo (1389-1464) Piero (1416-1469) Lorenzo (1449-1492) Slide 8 Bankers of the Papacy with offices in Rome, Venice, Avignon, Lyon, Geneva, Cologne, Bruges, London Patrons of the arts. De facto rulers of the Republic of Florence through their influence. Lorenzo the Magnificent Slide 9 Palazzo Medici-Riccardi by Michelozzo di Bartolomeo. 1444. Slide 10 Chapel and patio of the Medici Palace (1944) Slide 11 Adoration of the Magi by Sandro Boticelli, 1470. -Meaning for the donors? Slide 12 The Medici embody the wisdom of the Magi and their kingship. They belong to the Confraternity of the Magi and participate in the procession every January 6 th. Slide 13 Accomplishments: Cosimo: enlisted Brunelleschi to: Enlisted Brunelleschi to complete the dome of Florence cathedral. Paid for the reconstruction of the church of San Lorenzo. Lorenzo collected manuscripts creating the Laurentian Library. Slide 14 Slide 15 Classical models: Doors of Florence Baptistery (1401-1402) Brunelleschis dome of Florence Cathedral (1420-1436) Scientific perspective San Lorenzo (1421-1469) Doors of Paradise (1425-37) Masaccios Trinity with the virgin (1425) Classical freestanding sculpture Donatellos David (1440) Michelangelos David (1501-1504) Slide 16 Mythological themes Sandro Boticelli, Primavera, Birth of Venus (1480). Illusionism: Studiolo of Federigo da Montefeltro, Urbino (1476) Mantegnas Camera Picta, Mantua, 1465-74 Leonardo da Vinci Sfumato, psychological portrayal Slide 17 Slide 18 Brunelleschi Sacrifice at the center Gothic verticality: three rising planes. Crowded, figures spill out Dramatic tension Ghiberti Introduction of classical models: torso, toga Introduction of landscape: sense of real space. Diagonal lines, cohesion Slide 19 Filippo Brunelleschi Technical challenge: to cover and octagonal gap, 140 foot wide. 1420-1436 Brunelleschi travelled to Rome to study Roman domes. Where can you study a dome in Rome? Slide 20 Model: Rome, Pantheon, 2 nd cent. CE Slide 21 Internal structure of vertical and horizontal ribs. Elongated dome, rather than semicircular. Slide 22 Brunelleschi: Church of San Lorenzo, (1421-1469) Sense of balance and proportion. Use of scientific perspective and geometry. Search for harmony as a reflection of the divinity. Use of Classical models (Roman basilica) Slide 23 Lorenzo Ghiberti East side of the Baptistery Themes: Old testament Slide 24 Slide 25 Use of classical models Scientific perspective: convergence of lines at the vanishing point. Landscape and architectural detail create a sense of real space and guide the viewer to the vanishing point. Low and high relief. Slide 26 Masaccio Trinity of Santa Maria Novella (1425) Visual effects? Vanishing point? Donors? Origin of architectural details? Slide 27 -Trompe loeil: vault and architectural details Donors in the foreground. Vanishing point: Christ Perspective from viewers viewpoint. Architecture: Roman triumphal arch. Slide 28 The Tribute Money, 1420.