chapter fifteen, lecture two
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Chapter Fifteen, Lecture Two. Theseus. The Begetting of Theseus. The Begetting of Theseus. Aegeus, a king of Athens, had no sons Delphi: do not open the wine skins until you return home At Troezen, Pittheus understands the prophecy Sends his daughter Aethra Poseidon also gets involved. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Chapter Fifteen, Lecture Two
Theseus
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The Begetting of Theseus
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The Begetting of Theseus
• Aegeus, a king of Athens, had no sons• Delphi: do not open the wine skins until
you return home• At Troezen, Pittheus understands the
prophecy• Sends his daughter Aethra• Poseidon also gets involved
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The Begetting of Theseus
• The sword and the sandal
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The Labors of Theseus
1. Periphetes, the Clubber2. Sinis, the Pinebender3. Cormmyonian sow4. Sciron5. Circyon6. Procrustes
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Arrival at Athens
• Under a spell cast by Medea, Aegeus doesn’t realize that this is his son
• Aegeus sends him out to kill a bull on the plains of Marathon
• Then she tries to poison him, but Aegeus recognizes his own sword in time – Medea flees
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Theseus and Antiopê
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Theseus and Antiopê
• On his way back from his adventure in Crete with the Minotaur (Chapter 16), Theseus forgets to change the ship’s flag to white
• Aegeus drowns himself in the sea (Aegean Sea)
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Theseus and Antiopê
• Athens is “founded” again with Theseus’s wise reforms– Synoicism– Festival: Panathenaia– social reforms: classes– assembly
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Theseus and Antiopê
• Goes off in search of more adventure– Abducts the Queen of the Amazons: Hippolyta
or Antiopê• Leads to an Amazonomachy in Athens
– The Areopagus
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The Amazons
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The Amazons
• Mythic homeland is north of the Black Sea (southern modern-day Russia)– a mazos ?– constructed the temple to Artemis at
Ephesus?• A purely myth invention
– the world turned upside down
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The Amazons
• Contrary to the ideal for the Athenian woman– Always defeated by Greek heroes
• Given political significance after the Battle of Marathon– The Amazonomachy identified with the
Athenian victory over the Persians
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Theseus and Hippolytus
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Theseus and Hippolytus
• Remarries to Phaedra, a daughter of Minos
• Their son is Hippolytus• Story told by Euripides in his Hippolytus• Hippolytus worships only Artemis and
neglects Aphrodite• Aphrodite makes Phaedra, his mother-in-
law, lust after him
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Theseus and Hippolytus
• The slave intermediary• Hippolytus curses women, but vows not to
tell anyone• Phaedra kills herself, but leaves behind a
note for Theseus• Theseus orders Poseidon to kill Hippolytus
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The Folktale of “Potiphar’s Wife”
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Folktale of “Potiphar’s Wife
• Story of the Two Brothers– Anubis (not the god)– Bata
• Joseph and Potiphar’s wife• Bellerophon and the wife of King Proteus
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Exploits of Theseus and Pirithoüs
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Exploits of Theseus and Pirithoüs
• The Battle of the Centaurs and the Lapiths (at Perithoüs’s wedding to a Hippodamia)
• Caeneus (formerly Caenis)• The two now seek appropriate wives
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Exploits of Theseus and Pirithoüs
• Theseus tries for Helen, but she is too young and is sent away for safekeeping
• The two visit the underworld for Pirithoüs’s choice: Persephonê
• They are trapped but Theseus is eventually rescued by Heracles
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Death of Theseus
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Death of Theseus
• Lost favor of the people of Athens and expelled by Menestheus of Athens
• Fled to Scyros, King Lycomedes• Killed by the king
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Myth and Propaganda
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Myth and Propaganda
• Theseus originally a minor figure• Becomes more important with the rise of
Athens beginning in the 6th century– Theseïs
• Expansion and popularization begins with Pisistratus– Uses Theseus to glorify his own
accomplishments for the city
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Myth and Propaganda
• After the Pisistratid dynasty fell from popularity, Theseus remade again– To a hero of democracy and the defender of
freedom• Cimon (son of Miltiades)
– Modeled some of his career leading the Athenian rise to empire after Theseus
– The “bones” of Theseus; new festivals to Theseus; leader of Ionian Greeks against Sparta
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