Chemistry is Hard

Why?

Bloom’s TaxonomyPsychologist who studied how people

thinkBroke thinking into levels of complexityEach level required using the

information belowThe lowest level is knowledge-

memorizing textbook definitions Easiest but least useful

Bloom’s TaxonomyUnderstanding- being able to put the

knowledge into you own wordsApplication- being able to use the

information in new situationsAnalysis- breaking the information into

meaningful piecesSynthesis- being able to put information

together to generate new learning

Bloom’s TaxonomyEvaluation- using all the information,

making and defending value judgments about the information.

Knowledge

Understanding

Application

Analysis

Synthesis

Evaluation

What does this have to do with chemistry?

In the past, many of your classes relied on memorization.

Knowledge levelChemistry focuses on the higher levels. I don’t ask you to memorize a lot of terms I ask you to learn processes and

techniques and then apply them to novel situations

EvaluationSynthesisAnalysisApplication

Understanding Knowledge

25%

50%

25%

Word Clues How hard do I have to think?Knowledge

– Who, what, where, when, tell, label, define, select, choose, identify, describe, recall

Comprehension– Show, explain, discuss, classify,

recognize, summarize, paraphrase

Word Clues Application

– Use, solve, teach, relate, explain, predict, compute, illustrate, simulate, demonstrate

Analysis– Probe, dissect, outline, compare,

organize, diagram, distinguish, investigate, categorize

Word Clues Synthesis

– Plan, make, invent, develop, design, propose, predict, assemble, formulate, hypothesize

Evaluation– Rate, judge, revise, critique, defend,

justify, assess, contrast, support, recommend, conclude, interpret

Information Processing Theory

Describes how we learn something new

Information Processing Theory

Filters what we know What we pay attention to moves on

SensoryRegisterLess thana second

Information Processing Theory

Room for 7 things (on average) Less than a minute

SensoryRegisterLess thana second Short- term

Memory

Information Processing Theory

If we process it further it stays with us To learn something requires practice

SensoryRegisterLess thana second Short- term

Memory

LongTermMemory

Memory TechniquesRehearsal- repetitionChunking- grouping the information into

meaningful categoriesRemembering general rules is easier

than every specific instanceWe learn best by connecting new

knowledge with old knowledgeROY G BIV

Another Reason Chemistry is hard

Requires math skills.Uses math to explainPrerequisiteAlgebra is used in this class regularly.Used to describe the world around us

What can you do?

LaboratorySafety Rules

While working in the science laboratory, you will have certain important ____________________ that do not apply to other classrooms. You will be working with materials and apparatus which, if handled carelessly or improperly, have the potential to cause __________________ or discomfort to someone else as well as yourself.

responsibilities

injury

A science laboratory can be a safe place in which to work if you, the student, are foresighted, alert, and cautious. Violating any of the following regulations will result in you being _______________ from class or ______________________ from the class. The following practices will be followed:

suspendedpermanently removed

1. An _________ must be present during the performance of all laboratory work.

2. Report any accident to the __________ immediately, no matter how_________, including reporting any burn, scratch, cut, or corrosive liquid on skin or clothing.

3. Prepare for each laboratory activity by ________ all instructions before coming to class. Follow all _________ implicitly and intelligently. Make note of any _________ in procedure given by the instructor.

instructor

teacherminor

readingdirections

modification

4. Any science project or individually planned experiment must be __________ by the teacher.

5. Use only those materials and equipment _________ by the instructor.6. Inform the teacher ____________ of any equipment not working properly.

7. Clean up any nonhazardous _______ on the floor or workspace ____________.

approved

authorized immediately

immediately spill

8. Wear appropriate ______________, as directed by the instructor, whenever you are working in the laboratory. Safety goggles must be worn during hazardous _________ involving caustic/corrosive chemicals, heating of liquids, and other activities that may injure the eyes.

eye protection

activities

9. Splashes and fumes from hazardous chemicals present a special danger to wearers of _____________. Therefore, students should preferably wear regular glasses (inside splash -proof goggles, when appropriate) during all class activities or purchase personal splash-proof goggles and wear them whenever exposure to chemicals or chemical fumes is possible.

10. Students with _________________ on hands must wear gloves or be excused from the laboratory activity.

contact lenses

open skin wounds

11. Never _______ hot equipment or dangerous chemicals through a ______ of students.

12. Check ______ and equipment instructions carefully. Be sure correct items are _______ in the proper manner.

13. Be aware if the _________ being used are hazardous. Know where the material safety data sheet (_______) is and what it indicates for each of the hazardous chemicals you are using.

carrygroup

labels

usedchemicals

MSDS

14. Never ______ anything or touch chemicals with the hands, unless __________ instructed to do so.

taste

specifically

wavingdistance

laboratory not

15. Test for odor of chemicals only by ______ your hand above the container and sniffing cautiously from a _________.

16. Eating or drinking in the ____________ or from laboratory equipment is _____ permitted.

17. When heating material in a test tube, do not ______ into the tube or point it in the direction of any person during the process.

18. Never pour _________ back into bottles, exchange stoppers of bottles, or lay stoppers on the table.

19. When diluting _____, always pour acids into _______, never the reverse.

look

reagents

acidswater

20. Wash hands as necessary and wash thoroughly at the __________ of the laboratory period.

21. To treat a burn from an acid or alkali, wash the affected area ___________ with plenty of running water. If the eye is involved, irrigate it at the eyewash station without interruption for ___ minutes. Report the incident to your ___________ ______________.

immediately

conclusion

15instructor.

immediately

22. Know the _________ of the emergency shower, eyewash and facewash station, fire blanket, fire extinguisher, fire alarm box, and exits.

23. Know the proper fire and earthquake drill _____________.

24. Roll long sleeves above the _______. Long, hanging necklaces, bulky jewelry, and excessive and bulky clothing should not be _____ in the laboratory.

25. Confine long hair during a __________ activity.

location

procedureswrist

laboratory

worn