china political institutions- isidor report
DESCRIPTION
Report of Dianne Isidor 3rd year AB Political Science Comparative Government Subject (Asia) First Sem of S.Y. 2013-2014 Ateneo de Davao UniversityTRANSCRIPT
CHINESEPOLITICAL
INSTITUTIONS
CHINA
• FULL NAME: THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA• COMMON NAME: CHINA• CAPITAL: BEIJING• POPULATION: 1.3 BILLION• ECONOMY: “FACTORY OF THE WORLD”
NATIONAL PEOPLE’S CONGRESS
Functions:• exercises the state power of amending the
Constitution and supervising the enforcement of the Constitution
• enacts basic laws of the state• elects and decides on the choices of the
leading personnel of the highest state organs of China
TERM: FOR 5 YEARSSESSION: DURING THE FIRST QUARTER OF THE YEAR (First quarter: from the beginning of January to the end of March)
THE NATIONAL PEOPLE’S CONGRESSSTANDING
COMMITTEE OF NPC
NATIONAL PEOPLE’S
CONGRESS
PEOPLE’S LIBERATION
ARMY
PROVINCIAL-LEVEL PEOPLE’S
CONGRESS
PROVINCIAL PEOPLE’S
GOVERNMENT
STATE COUNCIL
CITY –LEVEL PEOPLE’S
CONGRESSES
COUNTY –LEVEL PEOPLE’S
CONGRESSES
COUNTY PEOPLE’S
GOVERNMENTS
COUNTY PEOPLE’S
GOVERNMENT
COUNTY –LEVEL
PEOPLE’S CONGRESSES
CITY PEOPLE’S GOVERNMENTS
ALLOCATION OF THE NUMBER OF DEPUTIES
• Number of delegates shall be decided in accordance with the proportion of the population.
• No less than 15 delegates shall be allocated to a province or an autonomous region with a small population.
• appropriate representation from different groups
NPC cannot be regarded as a liberal-democratic institution due to these
aspects: • the indirect electoral or delegation
system• the corporatist structure of
representation• the explicit adherence to the principle of
democratic centralism
THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT• The central government of the People’s Republic of
China was the State council.• State council consist of the premier, the vice-
premiers, the ministers and the commissions & the secretary general.
• Functions: - Proposes bills to the NPC - Reports to the NPC on the work of the government
THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENTPremier and vice-premiers of the state
STATE COMMISSIONS
STATE COUNCIL
Elected by National People’s Congress
STATE COUNCIL OFFICE
OTHER MINISTERIAL-LEVEL INSTITUTIONS
STATE COUNCIL ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICES
AD HOC WORKING PARTIES , COMMITTEES AND STATE COUNCIL COMMISSIONS
STATE COUNCIL BUREAUX
MINISTRIES
MINISTERIAL BUREAUXOPERATIONAL DEPARTMENTS OF STATE COUNCIL
Central Military
Commission
THE LIMITATIONS OF POWER
• was not established independently to the legislature but elected by it
• it could be censured by the NPC and/or its standing committee.
JUDICIAL BRANCH
• Constitutionally comprises of three parts: - PEOPLE’S COURT SYSTEM - PEOPLE’S PROCURATORATE SYSTEM - PUBLIC SECURITY SYSTEM
PEOPLE’S COURTS
• Judicial organs exercising judicial power in behalf of the state.
• Try all cases in public, except those involving state secrets, individual privacy or juvenile delinquency.
• People's courts at all levels set up judicial committees.
• Exercise state judicial power independently, free from interference from any organizations or individuals
PEOPLE’S PROCURATORATE SYSTEM• The state organs for legal supervision
Art.5 of the Organic Law states the functions and powers of the people's procuratorates at all levels as the following:
• to exercise procuratorial authority over cases of treason and other major criminal cases
• to conduct investigation of criminal cases handled directly by themselves;
• to review cases investigated by public security organs and determine whether to approve arrest, and to prosecute or to exempt from prosecution;
• to exercise supervision over the investigative activities of public security organs
• to initiate public prosecutions of criminal cases and support such prosecutions
• to exercise supervision over the judicial activities of people's courts
• to exercise supervision over the execution of judgments and orders in criminal cases
PUBLIC SECURITY SYSTEM
• lead and direct the people's police, as functional departments of the people's governments.
• responsible for maintaining social and public order and State security
• leaders of public security is appointed by the people's congresses, or by their standing committees
THE COMMUNIST PARTY
• The sole party in power in China.• Founded in 1921 & established the People’s
Republic of China in 1949 • Has established formal and informal
organizations in the Chinese government.
NATURE OF THE CCP• the vanguard of the Chinese working class • takes Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and
Deng Xiaoping Theory as the guidance of its actions. • basic line for the primary stage of socialism is to
unite with and lead the people of all ethnic groups • Four Cardinal Principles : - adherence to the socialist road - the people’s democratic dictatorship - the leadership of the Communist Party- Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought
Current NPC of China
• Chairman of the Standing Committee: Wu Bangguo
Vice-Chairpersons:
Wang Zhaoguo,Li Tieying,Ismail Amat,He Luli (Female)
Ding Shisun,Cheng Siwei ,Xu Jialu,Jiang Zhenghua, Gu Xiulian (female),Raidi Sheng,Huaren Lu, Yongxiang Uyunqimg (female), Han Qide,Fu Tieshan
Secretary-general:
Sheng Huaren
China’s current Central Government officials
• Executive branch: chief of state: President HU Jintao (since 15 March 2003);
• Vice President: XI Jinping (since 15 March 2008)
• head of government: Premier WEN Jiabao (since 16 March 2003);
• Executive Vice Premier: LI Keqiang (17 March 2008), • Vice Premier: HUI Liangyu (since 17 March 2003)• Vice Premier: ZHANG Dejiang (since 17 March 2008), and• Vice Premier: WANG Qishan (since 17 March 2008)
REFERENCES:Flemming, C. & Rai, S.(1996). Chinese Politics and Society: an introduction.
Europe:Prentice Hall.• : http://www.china.org.cn/english/Political/25060.htm• http://www.chinahighlights.com/travelguide/china-facts.htm• file:///D:/My%20Documents/Downloads/II.%
20The%20System%20of%20People's%20Congress.html• file:///D:/
My%20Documents/Downloads/The%20National%20People's%20Congress.htm
• file:///D:/My%20Documents/Downloads/CHINA'S%20JUDICIAL%20SYSTEM.htm