cleveland region - university of minnesota law school...cleveland region . the cleveland region...

CLEVELAND REGION

The Cleveland region features two central cities, Cleveland and Akron. The region’s neighborhoods are experiencing powerful economic decline and virtually no gentrification or growth. The only significant pocket of gentrification appears to have occurred in the Tremont area, and the number of people displaced is, on net, in the hundreds.

By comparison, nearly half of regional population lives in a strongly declining area. Those same neighborhoods include about 65 percent of low-income population. Despite losing nearly 10 percent of their population since 2000 – 166,000 people – they have seen a 30 percent increase in low-income population and a 49 percent increase in residents in poverty. They have also seen massive white flight, losing 212,000 white residents, or 20 percent of their entire white population, since 2000.

In Cleveland’s suburbs, declining areas are undergoing poverty concentration. But neighborhood decline is much more severe in the cities of Akron and Cleveland, where about 75 percent of population lives in a strongly declining area. In Cleveland proper, poverty concentration is less frequent than outright abandonment, and much of the city’s eastern half is growing poorer while losing low-income and middle-income population alike.

Regional Total Population: 2,764,798

Regional Low-Income Population: 862,853

Regional Nonwhite Population: 738,420

Central City Population: 589,388

Central City Low-Income Population: 328,240

Central City Nonwhite Population: 335,783

NET DISPLACEMENT (Low-Income Change in Tracts with Strong Expansion, 2000-2016)

Central City: -964

Suburbs: -465

NET CONCENTRATION (Low-Income Change in Tracts with Strong Decline, 2000-2016)

Central City: 29,528

Suburbs: 96,947

1

DETAILS ON TABLES

The following tables depict aggregated population and housing change in two categories of neighborhoods across the metropolitan area, its central cities, and its suburbs. The categories are:

• Economically expanding neighborhoods, which are those experiencing the kind of population changes associated with growth and displacement. These are neighborhoods where the low-income* share of population has fallen since 2000 (indicating that an area has grown less poor overall) and the absolute number of non-low-income residents has grown since 2000 (indicating that middle-income residents see the area as an attractive place to live).

• Economically declining neighborhoods, which are those experiencing the kind of population changes associated with abandonment and poverty concentration. These are neighborhoods where the low-income share of population has grown since 2000 (indicating that an area has more less poor overall) and the absolute number of non-low-income residents has fallen since 2000 (indicating that middle-income residents do not see the area as an attractive place to live).

Two variants of this measure exist, and a separate table is provided for each. They are:

• In the upper set of tables, a strong, narrow measure, which only includes census tracts that have a change of +/-5 percent or greater in low-income population share, and a change of +/-10 percent for non-low-income population. This approach classifies fewer neighborhoods overall, excluding areas with only small changes in their income profile. This is the more robust and preferred measure. It is also the measure used in the accompanying maps.

• In the lower set of tables, a weak, broad measure, which includes all census tracts with any change that meet the criteria for the two categories above, with no cutoffs for scale. This approach classifies more neighborhoods overall, but is noisier, because it includes tracts with very small population changes. In addition, because this report relies on American Community Survey sampling data with margins of error, this measure is more likely to include erroneously classified tracts. However, this broad measure can provide a useful outer estimate of the scale of neighborhood economic expansion and decline.

Three sets of tables are provided. They are:

• Figures for the entire metropolitan region, aggregating central cities and suburbs into one set of tables. • Figures for central cities. • Figures for suburban areas, defined as any area in the metropolitan region not included in a central city.

This includes incorporated and unincorporated communities.

Each table depicts the number of people in each of the two neighborhood categories, both overall and in various population subsets. It also shows the number of housing units of various types in each neighborhood category.

• 2016 Share indicates what share of the regional, city, or suburban population of a given group live in expanding or declining tracts. The box is shaded in accordance with the size of the share.

• 2016 Total indicates the absolute number of individuals in a given group that live in expanding or declining census tracts.

• Net Change since 2000 indicates the change of population of a subgroup in expanding or declining tracts since 2000, both in percentage and in absolute terms. These have been colored to indicate the type of change. In economically expanding tracts, green indicates net growth while blue indicates net displacement. In economically declining tracts, red indicates net poverty concentration while purple indicates net abandonment. Darker shades indicate larger percentage changes.

* For the purposes of this report, “low-income” is classified as individuals at 200 percent of poverty line or less.

2

DETAILS ON MAPS

Neighborhood change has also been mapped by individual census tracts, incorporating the same data used to create the tables above.

The map incorporates the strong measure of neighborhood change used to create the tables. In the maps, tracts have been subdivided into four categories:

• Economically expanding areas with low-income displacement, indicated in blue, where a neighborhood’s income profile is improving while low-income population declines on net. These are typically places undergoing changes traditionally associated with gentrification, in which economic pressures push out lower incomes while higher income residents arrive.

• Economically expanding areas with overall growth, indicated in green, where a neighborhood’s income profile is improving while low-income population increases on net. These are typically places with significant new housing construction, where residents across the income spectrum are arriving.

• Economically declining areas with abandonment, indicated in purple, where a neighborhood’s income profile is worsening while low-income population declines on net. These are typically places experiencing the worst neighborhood economic decline, with people across the income spectrum leaving and outright depopulation occurring.

• Economically declining areas with poverty concentration, indicated in red, where a neighborhood’s income profile is worsening while low-income population increases on net. These are typically places where higher-income flight and eroding housing stocks are causing rapid demographic and economic transition, contributing to the impoverishment of the area.

The categories are also shaded to indicate the scale of low-income population change within the census tracts.

The maps allow intra-regional comparisons of observed neighborhood change. However, because these classifications have been made using American Community Survey data with margins of error, precise measures are not possible and it is likely that some individual tracts are erroneously classified. As a consequence, readers are advised to focus more on clusters of tracts undergoing similar changes rather than individual outliers, particularly outliers with smaller-scale changes.

3

2.0% 56,266 47.9% +18,227 48.3% 1,334,137 -11.1% -166,1231.5% 13,086 -9.8% -1,429 65.3% 563,327 28.9% +126,2901.9% 7,557 -6.7% -541 68.2% 276,445 48.5% +90,2472.1% 4,034 -3.5% -147 68.5% 130,166 47.0% +41,6032.3% 95 -29.1% -39 50.7% 2,074 -23.9% -6513.0% 1,854 204.4% +1,245 40.3% 24,641 24.8% +4,8932.0% 10,025 14.6% +1,278 73.6% 360,398 1.1% +3,7652.8% 3,434 84.6% +1,574 69.3% 84,982 54.6% +30,0031.9% 39,445 51.8% +13,452 40.8% 827,645 -20.4% -211,8772.6% 14,681 184.0% +9,512 33.8% 192,030 6.4% +11,5351.8% 23,605 24.2% +4,594 53.1% 711,396 -12.0% -97,2022.2% 6,803 28.4% +1,503 48.9% 153,936 -22.4% -44,5421.9% 1,134 -23.2% -343 71.4% 42,475 36.8% +11,4212.2% 5,669 48.3% +1,846 43.6% 111,461 -33.4% -55,9632.0% 836 -30.6% -369 72.2% 30,579 34.6% +7,8672.2% 13,506 31.9% +3,265 48.6% 292,402 -22.2% -83,2602.3% 13,408 52.5% +4,616 52.7% 313,199 -9.7% -33,8201.9% 21,416 54.4% +7,549 46.8% 521,397 -6.8% -38,1601.7% 7,936 57.4% +2,895 45.7% 207,139 -4.8% -10,4912.0% 53,513 47.7% +17,280 48.4% 1,264,744 -11.5% -163,8621.8% 2,753 52.5% +948 46.6% 69,393 -3.2% -2,2591.9% 14,133 70.7% +5,855 44.2% 326,824 -16.8% -65,9402.2% 8,659 26.0% +1,786 59.3% 232,744 8.5% +18,2681.8% 2,471 39.5% +700 62.6% 86,306 101.0% +43,363

7.7% 214,114 26.7% +45,057 70.6% 1,950,728 -8.7% -185,2644.3% 37,358 -2.6% -998 81.5% 703,150 26.3% +146,5634.4% 17,916 4.3% +739 83.1% 336,817 43.5% +102,1144.6% 8,799 2.6% +219 83.0% 157,790 41.4% +46,1858.1% 332 12.5% +37 72.1% 2,952 -16.8% -598

10.3% 6,288 96.1% +3,081 64.1% 39,186 30.9% +9,2514.1% 20,100 23.0% +3,762 84.9% 415,590 2.5% +10,0764.7% 5,771 66.9% +2,314 81.1% 99,503 52.6% +34,3168.8% 177,870 23.8% +34,215 66.5% 1,346,668 -15.7% -250,149

10.6% 60,108 77.6% +26,267 61.4% 348,752 11.1% +34,9726.5% 87,368 11.6% +9,089 74.1% 991,673 -10.5% -115,7688.1% 25,654 10.3% +2,386 69.4% 218,770 -21.8% -60,8894.4% 2,610 -4.7% -129 83.7% 49,767 30.5% +11,6359.0% 23,044 12.3% +2,515 66.1% 169,003 -30.0% -72,5244.4% 1,848 -8.3% -168 83.9% 35,543 28.4% +7,8588.5% 50,937 13.0% +5,850 69.1% 416,162 -21.7% -115,0546.8% 40,334 24.3% +7,880 74.3% 441,666 -6.4% -30,3638.0% 88,939 28.3% +19,624 69.4% 774,173 -5.7% -46,5077.5% 33,904 51.1% +11,463 70.3% 318,727 2.4% +7,4087.8% 203,035 25.8% +41,701 70.6% 1,845,495 -9.1% -185,6777.4% 11,079 43.5% +3,356 70.6% 105,233 0.4% +4178.2% 60,986 30.8% +14,363 68.5% 506,800 -12.1% -69,8515.8% 22,560 32.7% +5,559 77.6% 304,551 7.7% +21,7225.1% 6,970 52.5% +2,399 79.2% 109,072 91.6% +52,138

*The figures in the lower set of tables may include many neighborhoods with very sl ight demographic changes, and are especially sensitive to sampling error. These tables are best understood as depicting an aggressive outer estimate of population shifts, as compared to the estimates in the upper set of tables, which are more robustly observed.

Data: U.S. Census.

Owner Units Owner UnitsRenter Units Renter UnitsVacant Units Vacant Units

Seniors (65 and up) Seniors (65 and up)U.S.-Born U.S.-Born

Foreign-Born Foreign-Born

Children (Under 18) Children (Under 18)Young Adults (18-34) Young Adults (18-34)

Adults (35 to 64) Adults (35 to 64)

Families in Poverty Families in PovertyNon-Poor Families Non-Poor Families

Single Mothers Single Mothers

College-Educated College-EducatedNon-College Non-College

Families Families

Black BlackHispanic Hispanic

White White

Extreme Poverty Extreme PovertyAmerican Indian American Indian

Asian Asian

TOTAL TOTALLow-Income Low-Income

Poverty Poverty

Population Change by Subgroup in Neighborhoods with Any Indicators of Economic Expansion*

Population Change by Subgroup in Neighborhoods with Any Indicators of Economic Decline*

(Cleveland Metro) (Cleveland Metro)

2016 Share 2016 Total Net Change Since 2000 2016 Share 2016 Total Net Change Since 2000









Families Families


White White


Asian Asian


Poverty Poverty


TABLES FOR METROPOLITAN AREA - Cleveland Region

ECONOMICALLY EXPANDING NEIGHBORHOODS ECONOMICALLY DECLINING NEIGHBORHOODS

Population Change by Subgroup in Neighborhoods Experiencing Strong Economic Expansion

Population Change by Subgroup in Neighborhoods Experiencing Strong Economic Decline

(Cleveland Metro) (Cleveland Metro)

4

0.0% 0 0.0% 0 75.1% 150,310 -11.2% -19,0210.0% 0 0.0% 0 81.0% 78,469 23.3% +14,8150.0% 0 0.0% 0 80.8% 39,816 36.2% +10,5820.0% 0 0.0% 0 79.9% 18,559 35.6% +4,8740.0% 0 0.0% 0 85.5% 347 -18.0% -760.0% 0 0.0% 0 73.9% 5,255 117.1% +2,8350.0% 0 0.0% 0 81.6% 48,853 -4.3% -2,1960.0% 0 0.0% 0 74.3% 3,286 74.1% +1,3990.0% 0 0.0% 0 71.7% 85,980 -21.5% -23,5310.0% 0 0.0% 0 64.2% 16,890 6.1% +9770.0% 0 0.0% 0 76.2% 81,489 -10.7% -9,7220.0% 0 0.0% 0 76.6% 17,273 -24.3% -5,5500.0% 0 0.0% 0 81.9% 5,966 18.5% +9310.0% 0 0.0% 0 74.1% 11,307 -36.4% -6,4810.0% 0 0.0% 0 80.5% 4,500 13.3% +5290.0% 0 0.0% 0 78.3% 33,859 -22.1% -9,6300.0% 0 0.0% 0 76.2% 39,987 -9.6% -4,2620.0% 0 0.0% 0 73.9% 56,939 -4.1% -2,4070.0% 0 0.0% 0 71.3% 19,525 -11.7% -2,5910.0% 0 0.0% 0 75.4% 142,583 -13.2% -21,6020.0% 0 0.0% 0 69.9% 7,727 50.3% +2,5850.0% 0 0.0% 0 73.7% 32,196 -22.7% -9,4400.0% 0 0.0% 0 73.8% 30,619 12.8% +3,4680.0% 0 0.0% 0 77.3% 10,351 92.3% +4,968

0.0% 0 0.0% 0 95.0% 190,151 -9.2% -19,3600.0% 0 0.0% 0 95.9% 92,941 21.5% +16,4650.0% 0 0.0% 0 95.8% 47,235 34.4% +12,0920.0% 0 0.0% 0 94.7% 22,018 35.0% +5,7100.0% 0 0.0% 0 91.1% 370 -28.4% -1470.0% 0 0.0% 0 89.4% 6,359 107.7% +3,2970.0% 0 0.0% 0 94.4% 56,485 -1.6% -9390.0% 0 0.0% 0 91.4% 4,041 80.8% +1,8060.0% 0 0.0% 0 95.7% 114,858 -18.8% -26,5080.0% 0 0.0% 0 92.6% 24,376 6.4% +1,4750.0% 0 0.0% 0 95.5% 102,094 -8.6% -9,5820.0% 0 0.0% 0 95.0% 21,418 -23.0% -6,3860.0% 0 0.0% 0 96.1% 7,003 17.1% +1,0210.0% 0 0.0% 0 94.5% 14,415 -33.9% -7,4070.0% 0 0.0% 0 96.3% 5,384 14.3% +6750.0% 0 0.0% 0 95.6% 41,301 -22.2% -11,7700.0% 0 0.0% 0 94.9% 49,789 -7.1% -3,8020.0% 0 0.0% 0 95.0% 73,172 -1.3% -9520.0% 0 0.0% 0 94.6% 25,889 -9.4% -2,6760.0% 0 0.0% 0 95.3% 180,208 -11.2% -22,7330.0% 0 0.0% 0 90.0% 9,943 51.5% +3,3790.0% 0 0.0% 0 95.4% 41,666 -20.0% -10,4480.0% 0 0.0% 0 93.4% 38,761 12.5% +4,3070.0% 0 0.0% 0 92.4% 12,377 88.4% +5,809


Data: U.S. Census.









Families Families


White White


Asian Asian


Poverty Poverty



(Akron) (Akron)










Families Families


White White


Asian Asian


Poverty Poverty


TABLES FOR CENTRAL CITY ONLY - Akron




(Akron) (Akron)

5

3.9% 15,140 13.8% +1,835 74.9% 291,417 -18.4% -65,5243.5% 8,043 -10.7% -964 77.7% 179,686 8.8% +14,5284.0% 5,465 -7.9% -469 76.1% 103,660 27.9% +22,6404.4% 2,978 -6.4% -204 73.4% 50,012 22.8% +9,2797.4% 64 8.5% +5 68.9% 597 -30.2% -2586.6% 508 163.2% +315 60.6% 4,643 -5.1% -2523.5% 6,806 -4.7% -332 75.4% 147,007 -13.8% -23,5042.5% 1,036 -2.0% -21 82.5% 34,847 35.8% +9,1954.8% 6,395 40.6% +1,847 72.6% 97,056 -34.4% -50,875

10.3% 4,227 201.1% +2,823 60.3% 24,691 5.3% +1,2442.9% 6,163 -4.0% -255 77.2% 165,220 -17.7% -35,5893.2% 1,479 -16.1% -284 79.6% 36,358 -28.5% -14,4633.7% 781 -27.5% -296 78.4% 16,497 14.6% +2,0962.8% 698 1.7% +12 80.6% 19,861 -45.5% -16,5593.7% 590 -35.2% -321 76.6% 12,211 13.6% +1,4613.5% 3,175 -14.6% -543 79.3% 71,000 -30.1% -30,5905.5% 5,607 49.0% +1,845 68.3% 69,224 -17.5% -14,6863.3% 4,925 29.5% +1,121 75.5% 111,602 -10.9% -13,6562.8% 1,433 -28.4% -567 78.3% 39,591 -13.9% -6,3953.8% 14,200 13.0% +1,631 75.1% 278,032 -18.3% -62,4724.9% 940 27.7% +204 69.8% 13,385 -18.6% -3,0502.1% 1,466 33.5% +368 80.1% 56,066 -26.2% -19,9436.2% 6,022 29.0% +1,352 69.5% 67,536 1.2% +8202.7% 1,177 -6.1% -77 71.5% 31,714 95.6% +15,497

6.3% 24,393 8.2% +1,852 84.3% 328,067 -17.9% -71,4195.9% 13,709 -9.6% -1,453 86.1% 199,268 5.1% +9,6657.1% 9,609 0.8% +77 85.6% 116,529 21.2% +20,3658.0% 5,421 -0.9% -49 84.0% 57,274 15.5% +7,701

12.2% 106 45.2% +33 80.6% 698 -28.5% -27814.9% 1,142 44.0% +349 81.0% 6,206 15.3% +8226.2% 12,020 -3.0% -378 82.6% 161,086 -15.4% -29,3403.5% 1,481 -13.7% -236 88.9% 37,525 29.4% +8,5246.8% 9,063 26.4% +1,895 85.3% 114,002 -31.2% -51,724

14.4% 5,906 158.5% +3,621 74.2% 30,372 7.8% +2,2095.1% 10,869 -7.1% -833 85.0% 181,850 -18.0% -39,8325.6% 2,549 -8.9% -249 86.8% 39,690 -29.9% -16,9117.0% 1,475 -5.6% -88 86.1% 18,134 6.0% +1,0224.4% 1,074 -13.0% -161 87.5% 21,556 -45.4% -17,9337.7% 1,227 -6.9% -91 85.0% 13,555 4.4% +5715.7% 5,069 -15.2% -906 86.8% 77,745 -31.8% -36,2068.3% 8,377 35.6% +2,197 81.6% 82,656 -13.3% -12,6555.8% 8,605 18.5% +1,343 84.1% 124,308 -10.6% -14,7194.6% 2,342 -24.0% -738 85.7% 43,358 -14.8% -7,5206.1% 22,714 7.8% +1,646 84.2% 311,605 -18.2% -69,4908.8% 1,679 14.1% +207 85.8% 16,462 -10.5% -1,9253.4% 2,389 13.7% +288 87.2% 60,997 -25.6% -20,9769.7% 9,377 26.4% +1,957 80.8% 78,503 -0.7% -5784.8% 2,111 1.3% +27 80.8% 35,811 83.9% +16,333


Data: U.S. Census.









Families Families


White White


Asian Asian


Poverty Poverty



(Cleveland) (Cleveland)










Families Families


White White


Asian Asian


Poverty Poverty


TABLES FOR CENTRAL CITY ONLY - Cleveland




(Cleveland) (Cleveland)

6

1.9% 41,126 66.3% +16,392 41.0% 892,410 -8.4% -81,5780.9% 5,043 -8.4% -465 57.1% 305,172 46.6% +96,9471.0% 2,092 -3.3% -72 60.5% 132,969 75.1% +57,0251.1% 1,056 5.7% +57 62.4% 61,595 80.4% +27,4501.1% 31 -58.7% -44 40.0% 1,130 -21.9% -3172.9% 1,346 223.6% +930 31.8% 14,743 18.6% +2,3101.4% 3,219 100.1% +1,610 70.1% 164,538 21.8% +29,4653.2% 2,398 198.6% +1,595 61.6% 46,849 70.7% +19,4091.9% 33,050 54.1% +11,605 36.4% 644,609 -17.6% -137,4712.1% 10,454 177.7% +6,689 30.1% 150,449 6.6% +9,3141.7% 17,442 38.5% +4,849 45.6% 464,687 -10.0% -51,8912.2% 5,324 50.5% +1,787 40.6% 100,305 -19.6% -24,5291.1% 353 -11.8% -47 64.3% 20,012 72.2% +8,3942.3% 4,971 58.5% +1,834 37.2% 80,293 -29.1% -32,9231.2% 246 -16.3% -48 66.6% 13,868 73.5% +5,8772.2% 10,331 58.4% +3,808 40.0% 187,543 -18.7% -43,0401.8% 7,801 55.1% +2,771 46.3% 203,988 -6.8% -14,8721.9% 16,491 63.9% +6,428 39.6% 352,856 -5.9% -22,0971.7% 6,503 113.8% +3,462 39.4% 148,023 -1.0% -1,5051.9% 39,313 66.1% +15,649 41.0% 844,129 -8.6% -79,7881.5% 1,813 69.6% +744 40.6% 48,281 -3.6% -1,7942.0% 12,667 76.4% +5,487 38.1% 238,562 -13.3% -36,5571.0% 2,637 19.7% +434 53.1% 134,589 11.6% +13,9801.6% 1,294 150.3% +777 55.3% 44,241 107.3% +22,898

8.7% 189,721 29.5% +43,205 65.9% 1,432,510 -6.2% -94,4854.4% 23,649 2.0% +455 76.9% 410,941 41.5% +120,4333.8% 8,307 8.7% +662 78.7% 173,053 67.4% +69,6573.4% 3,378 8.6% +268 79.5% 78,498 71.7% +32,7748.0% 226 1.8% +4 66.8% 1,884 -8.4% -173

11.1% 5,146 113.2% +2,732 57.4% 26,621 23.9% +5,1323.4% 8,080 105.1% +4,140 84.3% 198,019 25.6% +40,3555.6% 4,290 146.6% +2,550 76.2% 57,937 70.6% +23,9869.5% 168,807 23.7% +32,320 63.1% 1,117,808 -13.3% -171,917

10.8% 54,202 71.8% +22,646 58.8% 294,004 11.9% +31,2887.5% 76,499 14.9% +9,922 69.5% 707,729 -8.6% -66,3549.4% 23,105 12.9% +2,635 63.9% 157,662 -19.3% -37,5923.6% 1,135 -3.5% -41 79.1% 24,630 63.8% +9,592

10.2% 21,970 13.9% +2,676 61.7% 133,032 -26.2% -47,1843.0% 621 -11.0% -77 79.7% 16,604 66.2% +6,6129.8% 45,868 17.3% +6,756 63.3% 297,116 -18.4% -67,0787.3% 31,957 21.6% +5,683 70.2% 309,221 -4.3% -13,9069.0% 80,334 29.5% +18,281 64.8% 576,693 -5.1% -30,8368.4% 31,562 63.0% +12,201 66.4% 249,480 7.6% +17,6048.8% 180,321 28.6% +40,055 65.8% 1,353,682 -6.5% -93,4547.9% 9,400 50.4% +3,149 66.4% 78,828 -1.3% -1,0379.4% 58,597 31.6% +14,075 64.5% 404,137 -8.7% -38,4275.2% 13,183 37.6% +3,602 73.9% 187,287 10.6% +17,9936.1% 4,859 95.4% +2,372 76.0% 60,884 97.1% +29,996


Data: U.S. Census.









Families Families


White White


Asian Asian


Poverty Poverty



(Cleveland Suburbs) (Cleveland Suburbs)










Families Families


White White


Asian Asian

TABLES FOR REGIONAL SUBURBS - Cleveland Region


Poverty Poverty





(Cleveland Suburbs) (Cleveland Suburbs)

7

Painesville(t)

2

8

2

480

LORAIN

MEDINA

SUMMIT

PORTAGE

GEAUGA

CUYAHOGA

LAKE

90

80

271

83

44

422

42

322

480

77

90

80

Cleveland

Avon

Mentor

Lorain

Elyria

Solon

Aurora

Stow

Hudson

Troy (t)Parma

Leroy (t)

Auburn (t)

Bath (t)

Hiram (t)

York (t)

Eaton (t) Mantua (t)

Burton (t)

Grafton (t)

Newbury (t)

Munson (t)

Hinckley (t)

Carlisle (t)

Ravenna (t)

Chester (t)

Pittsfield (t)

Kirtland

Streetsboro

Strongsville

Liverpool (t)

Granger (t)

Columbia (t)

Concord (t)

LaGrange (t)Freedom (t)

Chardon (t)

Claridon (t)

Euclid

Penfield (t)

Shalersville (t)

Russell (t)

Bainbridge (t)

Brecksville

Litchfield (t)

Hambden (t)

Westlake

Cuyahoga FallsMedina (t)

New Russia (t)

North Ridgeville

Charlestown (t)

Boston (t)

North RoyaltonTwinsburg

Wellington (t)Franklin (t)

Amherst (t)

Avon Lake

Berea

Sheffield (v)

AmherstNorth Olmsted

Brownhelm (t)

BedfordBrookPark

Oberlin

Willoughby Hills

Ravenna

LakewoodBay Village

BrunswickHills (t)

Wickliffe

Shaker Heights

Brunswick

Willoughby

Macedonia

Olmsted (t)

Eastlake

Richfield(v)

Richfield(t)

BroadviewHeights

Independence

Painesville

GatesMills (v)

SagamoreHills (t)

PepperPike

Elyria (t)

Brooklyn

RockyRiver Beachwood

ClevelandHeights

GarfieldHeights

SevenHills

Lynd-hurst

WaltonHills (v)

MiddleburgHeights

Grafton (v)

MorelandHills (v)

HuntingValley (v)

Chardon (v)

SouthEuclid

MapleHeights

BostonHeights (v)

ValleyView

Peninsula(v)

OrangeFairviewPark

KirtlandHills (v)

Mayfield (v)

WaiteHill (v)

OlmstedFalls

HighlandHeights

ParmaHeights

BedfordHeights

Wellington (v)

Oak-wood(v)

Willowick

NorthfieldCenter (t)

MayfieldHeights

Rich-mond

Heights

Perry (v)

SouthRussell (v)

EastCleveland

Warrensville Hts

Glen-willow (v)

Sheffield Lake

Bentley-ville (v)

Garrettsville (v)

LaGrange (v)

Cuyahoga Hts.

SouthAmherst (v)

Mantua (v)

Chagrin Falls (v)

Reminderville (v)

Sheffield (t)

Bratenahl (v)

HighlandHills (v)

Silver Lake (v)

Burton (v)

UniversityHeights

Hiram (v)

BrooklynHeights

Mentor-on-the-Lake

Northfield (v)

FairportHarbor

(v)

North Randall (v)

Grand River (v)

Chagrin Falls (t)

Brady Lake (v)

Newburgh Hts.Woodmere (v)

Aquilla (v)

Timberlake (v)

Sugar Bush Knolls (v)

Lakeline (v)

Data Sources: Geolytics, U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 SF3; U.S. Census Bureau, 2016 American Community Survey (5-year data).

Lake Erie

8

21

76

76

77

AkronNorton Suffield (t)

Copley (t)

Kent

Brimfield (t)Tallmadge

Barberton

Fairlawn

MunroeFalls

Lakemore (v)

Moga-dore (v)

SilverLake (v)

0 5

Miles

71

CLEVELAND-AKRON (CENTRAL) REGION:Gentrification and Economic Decline by Census Tractwith Net Change in Low Income Population, 2000-2016

LINCOLN

Low Income Displacement:(0)< -700 Low Income

Economic Expansion:

(10)-1 to -699 Low IncomeOverall Growth:

(5)1 to 699 Low Income(1)> 700 Low Income

Abandonment:(12)< -700 Low Income

Economic Decline:

(60)-1 to -699 Low IncomeLow Income Concentration:

(313)1 to 699 Low Income(53)> 700 Low Income

Economic expansion/decline is definedif a tract has a +/- 10% change in middle-high-income population and a -/+ 5%change in low-income population share, respectively.

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cleveland region - university of minnesota law school...cleveland region . the cleveland region...

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