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Cloud Spectator | IaaS Industry Pricing Comparison Copyright © 2010-2016 Cloud Spectator. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission is prohibited. All product and service names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.

1

CLOUD IAAS PRICING COMPARISON

August 2017 Edition


2

Table of Contents

Executive Summary 3

Measuring the Cloud 3

Key Findings 4

Methodology 6

Key Considerations 6 IaaS Providers List 6 Definitions 6 VM Sizing Guidelines 7 Storage Parameters 7

VM Pricing Comparison: Linux 8

Small Instance 8 Medium Instance 10 Large Instance 12 XL Instance 14 2XL Instance 16

VM Pricing Comparison: Windows 18

Small Instance 18 Medium Instance 20 Large Instance 22 Extra Large Instance 24 2XL Instance 26

VM Pricing Increase Comparison 28

Block Storage Compared 36

Data Transfer Prices Compared 38

Appendices 39

IaaS Provider Considerations 39 Available Billing Increments 41 Geographic Availability 42 Customizability 43 VM Sizing Information 44

About Cloud Spectator 46


3

Executive Summary

This report provides transparency in a competitive Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) market in which price changes

are increasingly common. Amazon EC2 alone has published over 50 price changes since 2006. Not fully

understanding these changes can lead to annual operating costs being higher than needed. To help cloud buyers

better understand cloud pricing, this report compiles and analyzes the prices of IaaS products from 17 of the

market’s largest IaaS providers.

Measuring the Cloud While this report evaluates cloud pricing, cloud customers should not neglect cloud performance if seeking to maximize the benefits of transitioning to the cloud. Figure 1 (see right) best illustrates why performance is an important consideration when purchasing cloud services. As shown above, Provider A’s 2 vCPU machine initially seems like a better choice than Provider B’s 2vCPU machine because it is less expensive. After accounting for the ‘Application Performance Range’, or the application’s performance requirements, however, it becomes clear that Provider B’s 2vCPU machine is actually the better fit. Unlike Provider A’s machine, Provider B’s machine offers the necessary performance capabilities at the lowest cost. On Provider A, the user would actually need a 4vCPU machine to fulfill the performance requirements, which is 33% more expensive than Provider B's 2vCPU machine. When purchasing cloud services, customers should evaluate offerings on both pricing and performance to determine a

cloud product that best meets their needs.

Figure 1 When performance considerations are accounted for, Provider B's 2 vCPU machine is the lowest priced VM.


4

Key Findings

Large differences in pricing across similarly sized virtual machines can result in overspending.

Cloud providers exhibited major pricing differences. For Linux VMs, the highest priced providers were up to 16.5x more expensive than the lowest priced providers. For Windows VMs, the highest priced providers were up to 6.3x more expensive than the lowest priced providers. Price-conscious cloud buyers should assess their current spend and consider whether another vendor can provide the same level of service at a lower cost.

Hyperscale providers ranked as some of the most expensive providers in the market.

For the hourly and monthly pricing durations, Amazon and Microsoft generally fell within the most expensive third of data sets, whereas Google generally fell within the middle third of data sets. However, for 1-year and 3-year pricing, Amazon’s pricing was consistently equivalent to Google due to its progressively discounted ‘Reserved Instance Pricing’ structure. Microsoft consistently fell within the most expensive third of data sets for the 1-year and 3-year pricing due to no published discounts. However, Microsoft offers discounts based on contract value and term length. Hyperscale providers offer an array of complementary services that provide substantial value to many organizations, which is one reason for the added cost when comparing against providers offering fewer features and services.

Smaller providers ranked the least expensive in the market. 1&1, Internap and OVH were the most inexpensive cloud providers for both Windows and Linux VMs. OVH was the lowest-priced provider for small Linux VMs purchased by the hour, month, annual and 3-year durations, and was on average 6.7x less expensive than the price average. 1&1 was the lowest-priced provider for Windows Small and Large VMs and was on average 3.1x times less expensive than the price average. Internap was the lowest-priced provider for Linux Medium, Large, Extra Large, and 2x Large VMs across all pricing durations.

Lack of consistency in price rankings across Linux, Windows, sizes and contractual terms. Providers vary in cost ranking depending on the operating system, server size or contractual agreement terms. Only Dimension Data ranks as the most expensive provider across all Linux VMs; all other rankings varied. For example, Cogeco Peer1 is one of the most expensive provider across the Windows VMs, but they rank in the middle of the Linux VMs. Examining relative price differences across different contractual terms, Amazon ranks in the most expensive third of VMs at the hourly level, but for 3-year terms Amazon is in the least expensive third of VMs. DigitalOcean is consistent up until a point when scaling upwards, as they rank 3rd most inexpensive across the Small, Medium, Large and Extra-Large instance sizes, but jump to 8th when scaling up to the 2x Large size.


5

Lack of consistency in packaged offerings versus customizable offerings in the market. Providers vary in cost when examining pre-packaged versus customizable VM configurations. In this report, we found that across all sizes of both Linux and Windows VMs, packaged offerings, such as 1&1, OVH and Internap were consistently the least expensive providers when compared to customizable offerings, such as CenturyLink, IBM SoftLayer and ProfitBricks. This is interesting as in the case of OVH as their packaged offerings in the B2 Series offer almost twice as much RAM as other cloud providers yet still prove to be one of the cheapest providers across all VMs. Pre-packaged offerings generally allow providers to maximize efficiency by having more virtual machines on each server leading to a higher ROI with some cost savings being passed onto the user in the form of lower pricing.

Lack of consistency in discounts available in the market. It can be very difficult to make comparisons between Cloud providers as there is such a wide variety of pricing models and discounts offered. For example, Google offers Sustained Use Discount (SUD). This means that discounts of up to 70% for a monthly commitment can be achieved through their pricing model. AWS offers Reserved Instance Pricing where Standard Reserved Instances can provide significant discounts ranging between 24%-75%. Further discounts are available by paying for some of the usage upfront. In comparison, Cogeco Peer 1, Internap and OVH do not publish any discount models on their websites. However, discounts are likely subject to case-by-case contractual agreements. Notably, Microsoft does not publish any discounts on their website but discounts are available for customers that meet a certain usage threshold through Microsoft Enterprise Agreements.


6

Methodology

Key Considerations

Below are general notes on how prices were calculated and what assumptions were made:

• Only base VM prices and minimum OS disk sizes are considered in this report (See Storage Parameters).

• Pricing reflects US data centers only. If there are multiple US data centers, US East data centers were used or the closest region to the east coast of the US.

• For monthly, annual, and 3-year pricing, virtual servers are assumed to be running for 730 hours per month.

• Windows price calculations were made using Windows Server 2012 Standard Edition images.

• Virtual machine sizes fall generally within the sizing requirements listed in VM Sizing Guidelines. • Where available, up-front payment pricing discounts were used.

• For packaged offerings, VMs that most closely corresponded to the five size categories were selected.

• For customizable offerings, servers designed to the exact requirements of the four categories of sizes were provisioned when possible.

• Only discounts published on each provider's website are included. Providers will give custom discounts for large volume on a case-by-case basis depending on the size of the commitment.

• VMs without full functionality of the service, including those with degraded performance or burst performance were not included (see Additional Considerations).

For provider-specific considerations, please see IaaS Provider Considerations (Appendix).

IaaS Provider List

The following 17 IaaS providers were included in this analysis.

1&1 AliCloud AWS

CenturyLink CloudSigma Cogeco Peer 1

DigitalOcean Dimension Data Google Cloud Engine IBM SoftLayer Internap Interoute

Joyent Microsoft Azure OVH ProfitBricks Rackspace

Definitions

One Month 730 hours

Customizable Offering Offerings that let users manually configure resources, such as number of vCPUs, GB’s of RAM, and GB’s of disk space

Packaged Offering Offerings that deliver VMs based on pre-packaged sizes


7

VM Sizing Guidelines Products were chosen for this report based on the different sizes outlined below:

Server CPU Cores RAM (GB)

Small 1 2

Medium 2 4

Large 4 8

Extra Large 8 16

2X Large 16 32

The above sizing guidelines reflect the VM parameters of most providers and were treated as approximations. If a VM size did not fall exactly within the chosen parameters, CPU size was the primary determining factor with RAM matching the target allocation as closely as possible. The values within this Pricing Report correspond to the sizing parameters listed above. Different parameters will yield different results. Some products used in this report were smaller or larger than the sizing guidelines. As in the case of OVH, VMs are larger than the sizing guidelines. Some cloud providers, such as DigitalOcean and Dimension Data, do not list prices for Windows OS so were not incorporated.

Storage Parameters

All pricing includes storage prices. Parameters were as follows:

OS Min. Storage (GB)

Linux 8

Windows 30

If storage options did not fall exactly within the chosen parameters, the above guidelines were used as minimum requirements. If there was insufficient storage packaged in with the VM, block storage was used to match the above allocation at the most inexpensive rate possible. The values within this Pricing Report correspond to the sizing parameters listed above. Different parameters will yield different results.

Data in this report is accurate as of August 8th, 2017 and will be accurate for an undetermined duration, as VM

pricing and offerings may change.


8

Linux: Small Instance Pricing

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Small Instance | Hourly CostAverage: $0.04

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Small Instance | Monthly CostAverage $28

Provider Pricing

OVH $0.009

Internap $0.011

1&1 $0.014

DigtialOcean $0.015

AliCloud $0.023

Rackspace $0.037

CenturyLink $0.037

ProfitBricks $0.039

CloudSigma $0.048

Google $0.048

Cogeco Peer1 $0.050

Microsoft $0.050

Interoute $0.050

IBM SoftLayer $0.053

Joyent $0.066

AWS $0.067

Dimension Data $0.079

Provider Pricing

OVH $4

Internap $8

1&1 $10

DigtialOcean $10

AliCloud $12

CloudSigma $17

Google $24

Rackspace $27

CenturyLink $27

ProfitBricks $28

IBM SoftLayer $35

Cogeco Peer1 $37

Microsoft $37

Interoute $37

Joyent $48

AWS $49

Dimension Data $58


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Linux: Small Instance Pricing

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Small Instance | Annual CostAverage $309

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Small Instance | 3 Year CostAverage $950

Provider Pricing

OVH $42 Internap $96

1&1 $120 DigtialOcean $120

AliCloud $147 CloudSigma $189

Google $241 Rackspace $324

CenturyLink $327 ProfitBricks $340

AWS $353 Interoute $392

IBM SoftLayer $420 Cogeco Peer1 $438

Microsoft $438 Joyent $581

Dimension Data $691

Provider Pricing OVH $126

Internap $289 1&1 $360

DigtialOcean $360 AliCloud $441

CloudSigma $472 Google $520

AWS $687 Rackspace $972

CenturyLink $981 ProfitBricks $1,019

Interoute $1,176 IBM SoftLayer $1,260 Cogeco Peer1 $1,314

Microsoft $1,314 Joyent $1,742

Dimension Data $2,073


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Linux: Medium Instance Pricing

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Medium Instance | Hourly CostAverage: $0.09

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Medium Instance | Monthly CostAverage $57

Provider Pricing Internap $0.022

1&1 $0.042 AliCloud $0.047

DigtialOcean $0.060 CenturyLink $0.073 ProfitBricks $0.077

OVH $0.078 Cogeco Peer1 $0.090

CloudSigma $0.093 Google $0.095

Interoute $0.099 Rackspace $0.099

Microsoft $0.100 AWS $0.100

IBM SoftLayer $0.105 Joyent $0.131

Dimension Data $0.155

Provider Pricing

Internap $16 AliCloud $25

OVH $28 1&1 $30

CloudSigma $34 DigtialOcean $40

Google $49 CenturyLink $54 ProfitBricks $56

Cogeco Peer1 $66 IBM SoftLayer $70

Interoute $72 Rackspace $72

Microsoft $73 AWS $73

Joyent $96 Dimension Data $113


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Linux: Medium Instance Pricing

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Medium Instance | Annual Cost Average $647

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Medium Instance | 3 Year CostAverage $1,875

Provider Pricing Internap $193 AliCloud $294

OVH $336 1&1 $360

CloudSigma $366 Google $478

DigtialOcean $480 AWS $519


Interoute $774 Cogeco Peer1 $788 IBM SoftLayer $840

Rackspace $867 Microsoft $876

Joyent $1,150 Dimension Data $1,361

Provider Pricing Internap $578 AliCloud $883

CloudSigma $915 OVH $1,008 AWS $1,026

Google $1,027 1&1 $1,080

DigtialOcean $1,440 CenturyLink $1,927 ProfitBricks $2,023

Interoute $2,323 Cogeco Peer1 $2,365 IBM SoftLayer $2,520

Rackspace $2,602 Microsoft $2,628



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Linux: Large Instance Pricing

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Large Instance | Hourly Cost Average $0.18

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Large Instance | Monthly Cost Average $115

Provider Pricing

Internap $0.044 1&1 $0.069

DigtialOcean $0.119 CenturyLink $0.145 ProfitBricks $0.153

OVH $0.155 AliCloud $0.168

CloudSigma $0.183 Cogeco Peer1 $0.190

Google $0.190 Interoute $0.196

Rackspace $0.198 Microsoft $0.199

AWS $0.199 IBM SoftLayer $0.205

Joyent $0.263 Dimension Data $0.308

Provider Pricing Internap $32

1&1 $50 OVH $56

CloudSigma $67 AliCloud $78

DigtialOcean $80 Google $97







13

Linux: Large Instance Pricing

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Large Instance | Yearly CostAverage $ 1,306

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Large Instance | 3 Year CostAverage $ 3,786


1&1 $600 OVH $672


Google $951 DigtialOcean $960

AWS $1,043 CenturyLink $1,273 ProfitBricks $1,344



Joyent $2,300


Provider Pricing Internap $1,156

1&1 $1,800 CloudSigma $1,802

OVH $2,016 Google $2,042

AWS $2,063 AliCloud $2,814

DigtialOcean $2,880 CenturyLink $3,819 ProfitBricks $4,031



Joyent $6,899



14

Linux: Extra Large Instance Pricing

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Extra-Large Instance | Hourly Cost Average $0.35

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Extra-Large Instance | Monthly Cost Average $229


1&1 $0.181 DigtialOcean $0.238 CenturyLink $0.289 ProfitBricks $0.306




IBM SoftLayer $0.392 Rackspace $0.395


Joyent $0.525 Dimension Data $0.614


OVH $112 1&1 $130


DigtialOcean $160 Google $194







15

Linux: Extra Large Instance Pricing

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Extra-Large Instance | Annual Cost Average $2,615

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Extra-Large Instance | 3 Year Cost Average $7,581


OVH $1,344 CloudSigma $1,430

1&1 $1,560 AliCloud $1,876

Google $1,898 DigtialOcean $1,920

AWS $2,082 CenturyLink $2,535 ProfitBricks $2,682





CloudSigma $3,576 OVH $4,032

Google $4,071 AWS $4,089 1&1 $4,680

AliCloud $5,629 DigtialOcean $5,760 CenturyLink $7,604 ProfitBricks $8,047





16

Linux: 2X Large Instance Pricing

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2X Large Instance | Hourly Cost Average $0.70

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2X Large Instance | Monthly CostAverage $453


1&1 $0.486 CenturyLink $0.577 ProfitBricks $0.612


DigtialOcean $0.714 IBM SoftLayer $0.718



Rackspace $0.790 Microsoft $0.796

AWS $0.796 Dimension Data $1.226


OVH $224 CloudSigma $264

AliCloud $313 1&1 $350

Google $388 CenturyLink $421 ProfitBricks $447

IBM SoftLayer $476 DigtialOcean $480

Cogeco Peer1 $548 Interoute $568

Rackspace $577 Microsoft $581

AWS $581 Dimension Data $895


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Linux: 2X Large Instance Pricing

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en

sio

nD

ata

2X Large Instance | Annual CostAverage $5,137

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

Inte

rna

p

Clo

ud

Sig

ma

OV

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Goo

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AliC

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Inte

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Coge

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Rackspa

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Mic

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Dim

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2X Large Instance | 3 Year CostAverage $14,852



AliCloud $3,753 Google $3,791

AWS $4,150 1&1 $4,200

CenturyLink $5,057 ProfitBricks $5,359

IBM SoftLayer $5,712 DigtialOcean $5,760

Interoute $6,129 Cogeco Peer1 $6,570





Google $8,128 AWS $8,165

AliCloud $11,258 1&1 $12,600

CenturyLink $15,172 ProfitBricks $16,078

IBM SoftLayer $17,136 DigtialOcean $17,280

Interoute $18,386 Cogeco Peer1 $19,710




18

Windows: Small Instance Pricing

$-

$0.02

$0.04

$0.06

$0.08

$0.10

$0.12

$0.14

1&

1

AliC

lou

d

Pro

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Clo

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Centu

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IBM

SoftL

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Goo

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Inte

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Coge

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Joyen

t

AW

S

Small Instance | Hourly CostAverage $0.08

$-

$10

$20

$30

$40

$50

$60

$70

$80

$90

$100

1&

1

AliC

lou

d

Clo

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a

Pro

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Goo

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IBM

SoftL

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Centu

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Inte

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Mic

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Coge

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Joyen

t

AW

SSmall Instance | Monthly Cost

Average $55

Provider Pricing 1&1 $0.021

AliCloud $0.032 ProfitBricks $0.054 CloudSigma $0.073 CenturyLink $0.081

IBM SoftLayer $0.083 Google $0.089

Interoute $0.091 Microsoft $0.097

Cogeco Peer1 $0.110 Joyent $0.126

AWS $0.130

Provider Pricing 1&1 $15

AliCloud $19 CloudSigma $26 ProfitBricks $39

Google $46 IBM SoftLayer $56

CenturyLink $59 Interoute $66 Microsoft $71

Cogeco Peer1 $80 Joyent $92

AWS $95


19

Windows: Small Instance Pricing

$-

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1,000

$1,200

1&

1

AliC

lou

d

Clo

udS

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a

Pro

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Goo

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IBM

SoftL

ayer

Inte

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Centu

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AW

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Coge

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Joyen

t

Small Instance | Annual CostAverage $626

$-

$500

$1,000

$1,500

$2,000

$2,500

$3,000

$3,500

1&

1

AliC

lou

d

Clo

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a

Pro

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Goo

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S

IBM

SoftL

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Inte

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Centu

ryLin

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Coge

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eer1

Joyen

tSmall Instance | 3 Year Cost

Average $1,804


AliCloud $226 CloudSigma $286 ProfitBricks $470

Google $603 IBM SoftLayer $672

Interoute $706 CenturyLink $710

AWS $735 Microsoft $849

Cogeco Peer1 $964 Joyent $1,106


AliCloud $678 CloudSigma $715 ProfitBricks $1,411

Google $1,606 AWS $1,684

IBM SoftLayer $2,016 Interoute $2,117

CenturyLink $2,129 Microsoft $2,548

Cogeco Peer1 $2,891 Joyent $3,319


20

Windows: Medium Instance Pricing

$-

$0.03

$0.06

$0.09

$0.12

$0.15

$0.18

$0.21

1&

1

AliC

lou

d

Pro

fitB

ricks

Rackspa

ce

IBM

SoftL

ayer

Inte

rou

te

Clo

udS

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a

OV

H

Centu

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Inte

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Goo

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Joyen

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Coge

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Medium Instance | Hourly CostAverage $0.15

$-

$30

$60

$90

$120

$150

AliC

lou

d

1&

1

Clo

udS

igm

a

OV

H

Pro

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Goo

gle

IBM

SoftL

ayer

Rackspa

ce

Inte

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Centu

ryLin

k

Inte

rna

p

Joyen

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Mic

rosoft

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Coge

co P

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Medium Instance | Monthly Cost Average $96


AliCloud $0.065 ProfitBricks $0.105 Rackspace $0.129

IBM SoftLayer $0.135 Interoute $0.139

CloudSigma $0.142 OVH $0.156

CenturyLink $0.157 Internap $0.158 Google $0.177 Joyent $0.191


Cogeco Peer1 $0.200

Provider Pricing AliCloud $38

1&1 $40

CloudSigma $52 OVH $56

ProfitBricks $77 Google $90

IBM SoftLayer $91 Rackspace $94

Interoute $102 CenturyLink $115

Internap $115 Joyent $140


Cogeco Peer1 $146


21

Windows: Medium Instance Pricing

$-

$300

$600

$900

$1,200

$1,500

$1,800

$2,100

$2,400

AliC

lou

d

1&

1

Clo

udS

igm

a

OV

H

Pro

fitB

ricks

Inte

rou

te

IBM

SoftL

ayer

Rackspa

ce

Goo

gle

AW

S

Centu

ryLin

k

Inte

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Joyen

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Coge

co P

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Medium Instance | Annual Cost Average $1,116

$-

$1,000

$2,000

$3,000

$4,000

$5,000

$6,000

AliC

lou

d

Clo

udS

igm

a

1&

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OV

H

Pro

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AW

S

Goo

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Inte

rou

te

IBM

SoftL

ayer

Rackspa

ce

Centu

ryLin

k

Inte

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p

Joyen

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Mic

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Coge

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Medium Instance | 3 Year CostAverage $3,246

Provider Pricing AliCloud $452

1&1 $480 CloudSigma $560

OVH $672 ProfitBricks $921

Interoute $1,088 IBM SoftLayer $1,092

Rackspace $1,130 Google $1,190

AWS $1,289 CenturyLink $1,375

Internap $1,384 Joyent $1,676

Microsoft $1,682 Cogeco Peer1 $1,752

Provider Pricing AliCloud $1,356

CloudSigma $1,401 1&1 $1,440

OVH $2,016 ProfitBricks $2,764

AWS $3,008 Google $3,164


Rackspace $3,390 CenturyLink $4,126




22

Windows: Large Instance Pricing

$-

$0.05

$0.10

$0.15

$0.20

$0.25

$0.30

$0.35

$0.40

$0.45

1&

1

Pro

fitB

ricks

OV

H

AliC

lou

d

IBM

SoftL

ayer

Inte

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te

Rackspa

ce

Clo

udS

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a

Centu

ryLin

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Inte

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p

Joyen

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Goo

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Mic

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AW

S

Coge

co P

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Large Instance | Hourly Cost Average $0.28

$-

$50

$100

$150

$200

$250

$300

1&

1

OV

H

Clo

udS

igm

a

AliC

lou

d

Pro

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IBM

SoftL

ayer

Inte

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Goo

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Rackspa

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Centu

ryLin

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Inte

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Joyen

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Coge

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Large Instance | Monthly Cost Average $185


ProfitBricks $0.208 OVH $0.217

AliCloud $0.228 IBM SoftLayer $0.235

Interoute $0.236 Rackspace $0.258

CloudSigma $0.281 CenturyLink $0.309

Internap $0.316 Joyent $0.323 Google $0.351


Cogeco Peer1 $0.410

Provider Pricing

1&1 $70 OVH $78


ProfitBricks $152 IBM SoftLayer $157

Interoute $172 Google $180

Rackspace $188 CenturyLink $226

Internap $231 Joyent $235


Cogeco Peer1 $299


23

Windows: Large Instance Pricing

$-

$500

$1,000

$1,500

$2,000

$2,500

$3,000

$3,500

$4,000

1&

1

OV

H

Clo

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a

AliC

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Pro

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Inte

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IBM

SoftL

ayer

Rackspa

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Goo

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AW

S

Centu

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Inte

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Joyen

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Coge

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Large Instance | Annual Cost Average $2,152

$-

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

1&

1

Clo

udS

igm

a

OV

H

AliC

lou

d

Pro

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ricks

Inte

rou

te

IBM

SoftL

ayer

AW

S

Goo

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Rackspa

ce

Centu

ryLin

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Inte

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p

Joyen

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Mic

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Coge

co P

eer1

Large Instance | 3 Year CostAverage $6,254


OVH $941 CloudSigma $1,110

AliCloud $1,406 ProfitBricks $1,824


Rackspace $2,260 Google $2,364

AWS $2,545 CenturyLink $2,707



Provider Pricing 1&1 $2,520


AliCloud $4,219 ProfitBricks $5,471


AWS $5,988 Google $6,281





24

Windows: Extra Large Instance Pricing

Provider

$-

$0.20

$0.40

$0.60

$0.80

1&

1

OV

H

Pro

fitB

ricks

IBM

SoftL

ayer

Inte

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AliC

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Rackspa

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Clo

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a

Joyen

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Centu

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Inte

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Goo

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Mic

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Coge

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Extra-Large Instance | Hourly CostAverage $0.55

$-

$100

$200

$300

$400

$500

$600

OV

H

1&

1

Clo

udS

igm

a

AliC

lou

d

IBM

SoftL

ayer

Pro

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Inte

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te

Goo

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Rackspa

ce

Joyen

t

Centu

ryLin

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Inte

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Mic

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Coge

co P

eer1

Extra-Large Instance | Monthly CostAverage $360


OVH $0.343 ProfitBricks $0.414

IBM SoftLayer $0.422 Interoute $0.430 AliCloud $0.455

Rackspace $0.515 CloudSigma $0.560

Joyent $0.585 CenturyLink $0.613

Internap $0.632 Google $0.701


Cogeco Peer1 $0.800

Provider Pricing OVH $123 1&1 $170


IBM SoftLayer $281 ProfitBricks $302

Interoute $314 Google $358

Rackspace $376 Joyent $427

CenturyLink $447 Internap $461


Cogeco Peer1 $584


25

Windows: Extra Large Instance Pricing

$0

$1,000

$2,000

$3,000

$4,000

$5,000

$6,000

$7,000

$8,000

OV

H

1&

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Clo

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a

AliC

lou

d

IBM

SoftL

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Inte

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Pro

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Rackspa

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Goo

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AW

S

Joyen

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Centu

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Inte

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Mic

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Coge

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Extra-Large Instance | Annual CostAverage $4,199

$-

$4,000

$8,000

$12,000

$16,000

$20,000

$24,000

OV

H

Clo

udS

igm

a

1&

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AliC

lou

d

IBM

SoftL

ayer

Inte

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te

Pro

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AW

S

Goo

gle

Rackspa

ce

Joyen

t

Centu

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Inte

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Mic

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Coge

co P

eer1

Extra-Large Instance | 3 Year CostAverage $12,191

Provider Pricing

OVH $1,478 1&1 $2,040

CloudSigma $2,208 AliCloud $2,813


ProfitBricks $3,628 Rackspace $4,511

Google $4,713 AWS $5,092

Joyent $5,125 CenturyLink $5,370

Internap $5,536 Microsoft $6,710

Cogeco Peer1 $7,008

Provider Pricing


1&1 $6,120 AliCloud $8,438


ProfitBricks $10,885 AWS $11,912

Google $12,515 Rackspace $13,534

Joyent $15,374 CenturyLink $16,110


Cogeco Peer1 $21,024


26

Windows: 2X Large Instance Pricing

$-

$0.20

$0.40

$0.60

$0.80

$1.00

$1.20

$1.40

$1.60

OV

H

1&

1

IBM

SoftL

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Inte

rou

te

Pro

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ricks

AliC

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Rackspa

ce

Clo

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a

Centu

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Inte

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Goo

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Mic

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Coge

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2X Large Instance | Hourly CostAverage $1.08

$-

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1,000

$1,200

OV

H

Clo

udS

igm

a

1&

1

AliC

lou

d

IBM

SoftL

ayer

Inte

rou

te

Pro

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Goo

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Rackspa

ce

Centu

ryLin

k

Inte

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Mic

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AW

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Coge

co P

eer1

2X Large Instance | Monthly Cost Average $704

Provider Pricing OVH $0.591 1&1 $0.597

IBM SoftLayer $0.748 Interoute $0.819

ProfitBricks $0.826 AliCloud $0.908

Rackspace $1.030 CloudSigma $1.117 CenturyLink $1.221

Internap $1.264 Google $1.400


Cogeco Peer1 $1.540

Provider Pricing

OVH $213 CloudSigma $408

1&1 $430 AliCloud $468

IBM SoftLayer $497 Interoute $598

ProfitBricks $603 Google $715

Rackspace $752 CenturyLink $891

Internap $923 Microsoft $1,118

AWS $1,120 Cogeco Peer1 $1,124


27

Windows: 2X Large Instance Pricing

$-

$2,500

$5,000

$7,500

$10,000

$12,500

$15,000

OV

H

Clo

udS

igm

a

1&

1

AliC

lou

d

IBM

SoftL

ayer

Inte

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te

Pro

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ricks

Rackspa

ce

Goo

gle

AW

S

Centu

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Inte

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Mic

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Coge

co P

eer1

2X Large Instance | Annual Cost Average $8,190

$-

$6,000

$12,000

$18,000

$24,000

$30,000

$36,000

$42,000

OV

H

Clo

udS

igm

a

1&

1

AliC

lou

d

IBM

SoftL

ayer

Inte

rou

te

Pro

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ricks

AW

S

Goo

gle

Rackspa

ce

Centu

ryLin

k

Inte

rna

p

Mic

rosoft

Coge

co P

eer1

2X Large Instance | 3 Year CostAverage $23,699

Provider Pricing OVH $2,554

CloudSigma $4,405 1&1 $5,160

AliCloud $5,614 IBM SoftLayer $5,964

Interoute $6,442 ProfitBricks $7,237 Rackspace $9,023

Google $9,410 AWS $10,176

CenturyLink $10,696 Internap $11,073


Provider Pricing OVH $7,661

CloudSigma $11,012 1&1 $15,480

AliCloud $16,841 IBM SoftLayer $17,892

Interoute $19,327 ProfitBricks $21,712

AWS $23,772 Google $24,982



Cogeco Peer1 $40,471


28

VM Price Increase Comparison: Linux | Hourly Cost

Provider Small Medium Large Extra Large 2X Large

1&1 $0.014 $0.042 $0.069 $0.181 $0.486

AliCloud $0.023 $0.047 $0.168 $0.336 $0.672

AWS $0.067 $0.100 $0.199 $0.398 $0.796

CenturyLink $0.037 $0.073 $0.145 $0.289 $0.577

CloudSigma $0.048 $0.093 $0.183 $0.363 $0.723

Cogeco Peer1 $0.050 $0.090 $0.190 $0.370 $0.750

DigtialOcean $0.015 $0.060 $0.119 $0.238 $0.714

Dimension Data $0.079 $0.155 $0.308 $0.614 $1.226

Google $0.048 $0.095 $0.190 $0.380 $0.759

IBM SoftLayer $0.053 $0.105 $0.205 $0.392 $0.718

Internap $0.011 $0.022 $0.044 $0.088 $0.176

Interoute $0.050 $0.099 $0.196 $0.390 $0.778

Joyent $0.066 $0.131 $0.263 $0.525 -

Microsoft $0.050 $0.100 $0.199 $0.398 $0.796

OVH $0.009 $0.078 $0.155 $0.311 $0.622

ProfitBricks $0.039 $0.077 $0.153 $0.306 $0.612

Rackspace $0.037 $0.099 $0.198 $0.395 $0.790

$0

$0

$0

$1

$1

$1

$1

$1

Small Medium Large Extra Large 2X Large

VM Price Increase Comparison(Hourly Cost)

1&1

AliCloud

AWS

CenturyLink

CloudSigma

Cogeco Peer1

DigtialOcean

DimensionData

Google

IBM SoftLayer

Internap

Interoute

Joyent

Microsoft

OVH

ProfitBricks

Rackspace


29

VM Price Increase Comparison: Linux | Monthly Cost

Provider Small Medium Large Extra Large 2X Large

1&1 $10 $30 $50 $130 $350

AliCloud $12 $25 $78 $156 $313

AWS $49 $73 $146 $291 $581

CenturyLink $27 $54 $106 $211 $421

CloudSigma $17 $34 $67 $132 $264

Cogeco Peer1 $37 $66 $139 $270 $548

DigtialOcean $10 $40 $80 $160 $480

Dimension Data $58 $113 $225 $449 $895

Google $24 $49 $97 $194 $388

IBM SoftLayer $35 $70 $136 $260 $476

Internap $8 $16 $32 $64 $128

Interoute $37 $72 $143 $285 $568

Joyent $48 $96 $192 $383 -

Microsoft $37 $73 $145 $291 $581

OVH $4 $28 $56 $112 $224

ProfitBricks $28 $56 $112 $224 $447

Rackspace $27 $72 $145 $288 $577

$0

$100

$200

$300

$400

$500

$600

$700

$800

$900

$1,000


VM Price Increase Comparison(Monthly Cost)

1&1

AliCloud

AWS

CenturyLink

CloudSigma

CogecoPeer1DigtialOcean

DimensionDataGoogle

IBMSoftLayerInternap

Interoute

Joyent

Microsoft


30

VM Price Increase Comparison: Linux | Annual Cost

Provider Small Medium Large XL 2XL

1&1 $120 $360 $600 $1,560 $4,200

AliCloud $147 $294 $938 $1,876 $3,753

AWS $353 $519 $1,043 $2,082 $4,150

CenturyLink $327 $642 $1,273 $2,535 $5,057

CloudSigma $189 $366 $721 $1,430 $2,849

Cogeco Peer1 $438 $788 $1,664 $3,241 $6,570

DigtialOcean $120 $480 $960 $1,920 $5,760

Dimension Data $691 $1,361 $2,702 $5,382 $10,743

Google $241 $478 $951 $1,898 $3,791

IBM SoftLayer $420 $840 $1,632 $3,120 $5,712

Internap $96 $193 $385 $771 $1,542

Interoute $392 $774 $1,539 $3,069 $6,129

Joyent $581 $1,150 $2,300 $4,599 -

Microsoft $438 $876 $1,743 $3,486 $6,973

OVH $42 $336 $672 $1,344 $2,688

ProfitBricks $340 $674 $1,344 $2,682 $5,359

Rackspace $324 $867 $1,734 $3,460 $6,920

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

Small Medium Large XL 2XL

VM Price Increase Comparison(Annual Cost)

1&1

AliCloud

AWS

CenturyLink

CloudSigma

Cogeco Peer1

DigtialOcean

DimensionData

Google

IBM SoftLayer

Internap

Interoute

Joyent

Microsoft

OVH

ProfitBricks

Rackspace


31

VM Price Increase Comparison: Linux | 3-Year Cost

Provider Small Medium Large Extra Large 2XL

1&1 $360 $1,080 $1,800 $4,680 $12,600

AliCloud $441 $883 $2,814 $5,629 $11,258

AWS $687 $1,026 $2,063 $4,089 $8,165

CenturyLink $981 $1,927 $3,819 $7,604 $15,172

CloudSigma $472 $915 $1,802 $3,576 $7,124

Cogeco Peer1 $1,314 $2,365 $4,993 $9,724 $19,710

DigtialOcean $360 $1,440 $2,880 $5,760 $17,280

Dimension Data $2,073 $4,084 $8,105 $16,146 $32,230

Google $520 $1,027 $2,042 $4,071 $8,128

IBM SoftLayer $1,260 $2,520 $4,896 $9,360 $17,136

Internap $289 $578 $1,156 $2,313 $4,625

Interoute $1,176 $2,323 $4,618 $9,207 $18,386

Joyent $1,742 $3,451 $6,899 $13,797 -

Microsoft $1,314 $2,628 $5,230 $10,459 $20,919

OVH $126 $1,008 $2,016 $4,032 $8,064

ProfitBricks $1,019 $2,023 $4,031 $8,047 $16,078

Rackspace $972 $2,602 $5,203 $10,381 $20,761

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000

$25,000

$30,000

$35,000

Small Medium Large XL 2XL

VM Price Increase Comparison(3 Year Cost)

1&1

AliCloud

AWS

CenturyLink

CloudSigma

Cogeco Peer1

DigtialOcean

DimensionData

Google

IBM SoftLayer

Internap

Interoute

Joyent

Microsoft

OVH

ProfitBricks

Rackspace


32

VM Price Increase Comparison: Windows | Hourly Cost


1&1 $0.021 $0.056 $0.097 $0.236 $0.597

AliCloud $0.032 $0.065 $0.228 $0.455 $0.908

AWS $0.130 $0.194 $0.385 $0.768 $1.534

CenturyLink $0.081 $0.157 $0.309 $0.613 $1.221

CloudSigma $0.073 $0.142 $0.281 $0.560 $1.117

Cogeco Peer1 $0.110 $0.200 $0.410 $0.800 $1.540

Google $0.089 $0.177 $0.351 $0.701 $1.400

IBM SoftLayer $0.083 $0.135 $0.235 $0.422 $0.748

Internap - $0.158 $0.316 $0.632 $1.264

Interoute $0.091 $0.139 $0.236 $0.430 $0.819

Joyent $0.126 $0.191 $0.323 $0.585 -

Microsoft $0.097 $0.192 $0.383 $0.766 $1.532

OVH - $0.156 $0.217 $0.343 $0.591

ProfitBricks $0.054 $0.105 $0.208 $0.414 $0.826

Rackspace - $0.129 $0.258 $0.515 $1.030

$0

$0

$0

$1

$1

$1

$1

$1

$2

$2


VM Prie Increase Comparison(Hourly Cost)

1&1

AliCloud

AWS

CenturyLinkCloudSigmaCogecoPeer1Google

IBMSoftLayerInternap

Interoute

Joyent

Microsoft

OVH


33

VM Price Increase Comparison: Windows | Monthly Cost


1&1 $15 $40 $70 $170 $430

AliCloud $19 $38 $117 $234 $468

AWS $95 $142 $281 $561 $1,120

CenturyLink $59 $115 $226 $447 $891

CloudSigma $26 $52 $103 $204 $408

Cogeco Peer1 $80 $146 $299 $584 $1,124

Google $46 $90 $180 $358 $715

IBM SoftLayer $56 $91 $157 $281 $497

Internap - $115 $231 $461 $923

Interoute $66 $102 $172 $314 $598

Joyent $92 $140 $235 $427 -

Microsoft $71 $140 $280 $559 $1,118

OVH - $56 $78 $123 $213

ProfitBricks $39 $77 $152 $302 $603

Rackspace - $94 $188 $376 $752

$0

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1,000

$1,200


VM Price Increase Comparison(Monthly Cost)

1&1

AliCloud

AWS

CenturyLink

CloudSigma

Cogeco Peer1

Google

IBM SoftLayer

Internap

Interoute

Joyent

Microsoft

OVH

ProfitBricks

Rackspace


34

VM Price Increase Comparison: Windows | Annual Cost


1&1 $180 $480 $840 $2,040 $5,160

AliCloud $226 $452 $1,406 $2,813 $5,614

AWS $735 $1,289 $2,545 $5,092 $10,176

CenturyLink $710 $1,375 $2,707 $5,370 $10,696

CloudSigma $286 $560 $1,110 $2,208 $4,405

Cogeco Peer1 $964 $1,752 $3,592 $7,008 $13,490

Google $603 $1,190 $2,364 $4,713 $9,410

IBM SoftLayer $672 $1,092 $1,884 $3,372 $5,964

Internap - $1,384 $2,768 $5,536 $11,073

Interoute $706 $1,088 $1,853 $3,383 $6,442

Joyent $1,106 $1,676 $2,825 $5,125 -

Microsoft $849 $1,682 $3,355 $6,710 $13,420

OVH - $672 $941 $1,478 $2,554

ProfitBricks $470 $921 $1,824 $3,628 $7,237

Rackspace - $1,130 $2,260 $4,511 $9,023

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$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000


VM Price Increase Comparison(Annual Cost)

1&1

AliCloud

AWS

CenturyLink

CloudSigma

Cogeco Peer1

Google

IBM SoftLayer

Internap

Interoute

Joyent

Microsoft

OVH

ProfitBricks

Rackspace


35

VM Price Increase Comparison: Windows | 3-Year Cost


1&1 $540 $1,440 $2,520 $6,120 $15,480

AliCloud $678 $1,356 $4,219 $8,438 $16,841

AWS $1,684 $3,008 $5,988 $11,912 $23,772

CenturyLink $2,129 $4,126 $8,121 $16,110 $32,088

CloudSigma $715 $1,401 $2,774 $5,520 $11,012

Cogeco Peer1 $2,891 $5,256 $10,775 $21,024 $40,471

Google $1,606 $3,164 $6,281 $12,515 $24,982

IBM SoftLayer $2,016 $3,276 $5,652 $10,116 $17,892

Internap - $4,152 $8,304 $16,609 $33,218

Interoute $2,117 $3,264 $5,559 $10,148 $19,327

Joyent $3,319 $5,027 $8,475 $15,374 -

Microsoft $2,548 $5,046 $10,065 $20,130 $40,261

OVH - $2,016 $2,822 $4,435 $7,661

ProfitBricks $1,411 $2,764 $5,471 $10,885 $21,712

Rackspace - $3,390 $6,780 $13,534 $27,068

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$15,000

$20,000

$25,000

$30,000

$35,000

$40,000

$45,000


VM Price Increase Comparison (3 Year Cost)

1&1

AliCloud

AWS

CenturyLink

CloudSigma

Cogeco Peer1

Google

IBM SoftLayer

Internap

Interoute

Joyent

Microsoft

OVH

ProfitBricks

Rackspace


36

Block Storage Pricing Compared The following chart and table compare the per GB per month pricing of the various block storage offerings of the providers included in this analysis.

$- $0.10 $0.20 $0.30 $0.40 $0.50 $0.60

Default SSD Storage

Ultra Cloud Disk

SSD Cloud Disk

EBS Cold HDD

EBS Throughput Optimized HDD

EBS General Purpose SSD

Standard Disk LRS

Standard Disk GRS

Standard Disk RA-GRS

Block Storage

SSD Block Storage

Standard Disk

SSD Cloud Disk

SSD Block Storage

Tiered Storage-High Performance

Tiered Storage-Standard

Tiered Storage-Economy

Standard Provisioned Space

SSD Provisioned Space

Persistent Block Storage

External Block Storage (EBS)

EBS Protected

EBS Mirrored

Additional Disk - Classic Volume

Additional Disk - High Speed Volume

HDD Block Storage

SSD Block Storage

Standard Block Storage

SSD Block Storage

Endurance Block Storage include 0.25 IOPS/GB

Endurance Block Storage include 2 IOPS/GB



Block Storage Comparison

IBM SoftLayer

Rackspace

Profit Bricks

OVH

Interoute

Internap

Dimension Data

DigitalOcean

Cogeco Peer1

Cloud Sigma

CenturyLink

Azure

AWS

AliCloud

1&1

Google


37

.

The following is the data that is represented in the Block Storage Comparison.

Provider Product Name GB/Month

1&1 Default SSD Storage $0.07

AliCloud Ultra-Cloud Disk $0.09

SSD Cloud Disk $0.25

AWS

EBS Cold HDD $0.03

EBS Throughput Optimized HDD $0.05

EBS General Purpose SSD $0.10

Microsoft

Standard Disk LRS $0.05

Standard Disk GRS $0.10

Standard Disk RA-GRS $0.12

CenturyLink Block Storage $0.12

CloudSigma* SSD Block Storage $0.13

Cogeco Peer1 Standard Disk $0.16

SSD Cloud Disk $0.38

DigitalOcean SSD Block Storage $0.10

Dimension Data

Tiered Storage-High Performance $0.44

Tiered Storage-Standard $0.22

Tiered Storage-Economy $0.07

Google

Standard Provisioned Space $0.04

SSD Provisioned Space $0.19

Internap Persistent Block Storage $0.30

Interoute

External Block Storage (EBS) $0.15

EBS Protected $0.23

EBS Mirrored $0.36

OVH Additional Disk - Classic Volume $0.05

Additional Disk - High Speed Volume $0.09

ProfitBricks HDD Block Storage $0.05

SSD Block Storage $0.32

Rackspace Standard Block Storage $0.12

SSD Block Storage $0.50

IBM SoftLayer

Endurance Block Storage include 0.25 IOPS/GB $0.10

Endurance Block Storage include 2 IOPS/GB $0.20



*Subscription pricing is included; on-demand pricing is $0.26


38

Data Transfer Prices Compared Below is a price comparison of the data transfer out from each provider. Prices are given per GB. All providers offer free transfer from the Internet into the VM.

First 1 GB

1 to 5 GB

5 GB TO 1 TB

1 TB to 5 TB

5 TB to 10 TB

10 TB to 50 TB

50 TB to 150 TB

150 TB to 200

TB 200 TB to

500 TB

1&1 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00

AWS $0.00 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09 $0.07 $0.05 $0.05

Microsoft $0.00 $0.00 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09 $0.08 $0.07 $0.05 $0.05

CenturyLink $0.05 $0.05 $0.05 $0.05 $0.05 $0.05 $0.05 $0.05 $0.05

DigitalOcean1 $0.02 $0.02 $0.02 $0.02 $0.02 $0.02 $0.02 $0.02 $0.02

Dimension Data $0.15 $0.15 $0.15 $0.15 $0.15 $0.11 $0.09 $0.08 $0.07

Google2 $0.12 $0.12 $0.12 $0.11 $0.11 $0.08 $0.08 $0.08 $0.08

OVH $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00

Rackspace $0.12 $0.12 $0.12 $0.12 $0.12 $0.10 $0.08 $0.07 $0.07

IBM SoftLayer4 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09

CloudSigma3 $0.12 $0.12 $0.12 $0.12 $0.12 $0.12 $0.12 $0.12 $0.12

Cogeco Peer1 $0.08 $0.08 $0.08 $0.08 $0.08 $0.08 $0.08 $0.08 $0.08

Internap $0.10 $0.10 $0.10 $0.10 $0.10 $0.10 $0.07 $0.07 $0.07

Interoute $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00

Joyent $0.00 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09 $0.07 $0.05 $0.05

ProfitBricks $0.09 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09 $0.09

AliCloud $0.08 $0.08 $0.08 $0.08 $0.08 $0.08 $0.08 $0.08 $0.08

1 Differing amounts of transfer included depending on droplet size. 2Prices given do not include transfer to China and Australia 3Subscription pricing is $0.04 4All monthly virtual servers include 250GB outbound public bandwidth and unmetered inbound public bandwidth


39

IaaS Provider Considerations

1&1 • Packaged pricing used for hourly pricing of all Linux and Windows VM sizes

• Packaged pricing used for monthly pricing of Linux and Windows VM sizes

AliCloud • VMs used Generation 3

• Data Transfer billing is calculated as pay-as-you-go

Amazon

• Data Center Location set to US East Data center

• Reserved Instances (1-year, 3-year) are calculated with 100% upfront payment

• Hourly and Monthly Billing is calculated using on demand pricing

Microsoft • 14GB of storage was added to Windows Small VM size to fill VM minimum storage

requirement

CenturyLink • Hyperscale machines are not included

Cloud Sigma

• Cloud Sigma’s annual 10% and 25% 3-year discount are included

• Burst VM pricing used for hourly pricing calculations, as any servers run for less than a month

are charged with burst pricing

• In hourly Burst VM pricing calculations, AMD prices were used for both Linux and Windows OS

pricing calculations

• 2.5GHz is used to calculate 1 vCPU

• Monthly prices are subscription prices

Cogeco Peer 1

• Mission Critical Cloud pricing calculator reflects pricing in this report

• Windows Operating System set to “Windows 2012 Standard Edition | 64-bit”

• Disk Storage set to 40GB for Windows OS and 17GB for Linux

DigitalOcean • Yearly and 3 Year prices calculated based on monthly prices

• Additional pricing for Windows OS not listed thus not incorporated in Windows VMs

Dimension Data • No additional pricing for Windows OS

Google

• Listed monthly pricing includes applicable, automatic sustained use discounts, assuming the

instance runs for a 730-hour month

• Committed use discounts incorporated in prices

• Standard Storage was used for calculations

Internap • Internap A Series VMs included in this report

• Internap does not have a Windows VM that fits in the small category

Interoute • Utility/PAYG price listings reflect hourly and monthly calculations

• ‘1 Year Committed’ price listings reflect annual and 3-year price calculations

Joyent • Joyent does not have a VM that fits in the 2x-large category

OVH • OVH does not have a Windows VM that fits into the small category

ProfitBricks • AMD processors used

Rackspace

• The “Managed Infrastructure” service level is included

• Rackspace discount for customers with greater than $5000/month spend on Cloud Servers

was not included as the threshold was not met

• Rackspace does not have a Windows VM that fits in the small category


40

IBM SoftLayer • Local 100GB storage is used for Windows OS monthly calculations.

• Local 25GB storage is used for Linux OS calculations. There is no additional cost for this.

Additional Considerations Discounted VM Types A small number of providers offer specific VM types that are discounted compared to the standard VM types offered at a tradeoff of diminished performance, features, dependability or control. Such VM types were not included in this report, but are worth noting due to the value that they may offer to users with workloads that do not require longstanding servers or full feature sets. Amazon’s Spot instances and Google’s Pre-emptible VMs are the same as their standard counter-parts, except they can be terminated after a period of time without the user’s permission. Amazon’s Spot instances allow users to bid on spare capacity on the EC2 platform, with the Spot price fluctuating based on demand. Google’s Pre-emptible VMs provide service up to 24-hours, but offered at fixed prices. Both Amazon and Google market their respective offerings for users running batch workloads and distributed-fault tolerant applications. Microsoft offers a Basic Tier instance type that is similar to the Standard Tier, but with lower vCPU performance and no load balancing and auto-scaling capabilities. Amazon offers T-family instances that are quite popular and provide a lot of value for the right applications, but were not included due to unstable (by design) vCPU performance. Feature Availability The report did not distinguish between smaller or simplistic public cloud offerings in regards to overall feature sets offered by the included cloud providers. As long as the public cloud IaaS offering met the criteria referenced in the Methodology section of the report, the selected offerings were considered in the comparison. While certain hyperscale or niche providers may offer greater product depth in terms of available features and overall usability, the core product functionality of a cloud VM (the infrastructure itself) was the basis of the price comparison listed in this report. Publicly Available and Published Discounts This report did not include some publicly available and published discounts on cloud providers websites. Rackspace and Interoute are two cloud providers whose published discounts were not incorporated in this report as calculating these discounts through our methodology was not possible. Rackspace discount for customers with greater than $5000/month spend on Cloud Servers was not included as the threshold was not met. Interoute calculates the percentage of discount for their utility/Burst pricing based on the spend per month, which again, was not met.


41

Available Billing Increments The chart below shows the different payment options available for each provider:

• Less than One Hour: Few large providers allow users to purchase VM services for less than one hour. Repeated burst jobs, such as batch processing and testing, may benefit from pricing that bills minute-to-minute, rather than per hour.

• By Hour: Most providers require users to commit to an hourly at minimum. Hourly billing is the most common option for public cloud. Virtual machines that are not required to run 24 hours per day, 7 days per week, 365 days per year may see advantages in hourly pricing. While some providers do not charge when the VM is inactive (e.g., Amazon EC2), others require the user to entirely terminate the VM in order to avoid billing (e.g., Microsoft Azure).

• By Month: Some providers (e.g. IBM SoftLayer) provide discounts with a monthly commitment. Monthly commitments provide the possibility of discounts without contractual lock-in.

• By Year: Some providers (e.g. Amazon EC2) provide long-term discounts, while others offer volume discounts coupled with long-term commitment (e.g., Rackspace, and Joyent).

• By 3-Year: Some providers (e.g. Amazon EC2) provide long-term discounts, while others offer volume discounts coupled with long-term commitment (e.g., Rackspace, and Joyent).

1&1

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< 1 Hour Y N N Y N Y N N N Y N N Y N Y Y N

Hour N Y Y N Y N Y Y Y N Y Y N Y N N Y

Month Y Y N N N Y N Y N Y* N Y* N Y N Y* Y

6 mo. N Y N N N N N N N N N Y N N N Y* N

Year N N Y Y* N Y N N Y Y N Y N N N Y* N

3-Year N N Y Y* N Y N N N Y N N N N N Y* N

*Discounts for must meet a usage threshold. **Discounts based on usage also available. Y – red indicates the term price will be discounted from the on-demand hourly/minute-based rate The information above is based off pricing increments displayed on the provider websites. Defined term pricing may be available upon request from certain providers. Providers may also price in different increments for the resources offered (e.g. VM pricing can be minute based while storage pricing can be monthly based).


42

Geographic Availability The chart below is separated into data center location availability by continent. Few providers have reach in South America. While the pricing examined in this report is reflective of US data centers, many providers offer cloud-enabled data center locations worldwide. For pricing analysis of different continents or specific regions, please contact Cloud Spectator by email at [email protected] or by phone at (+1) 617-300-0711.

1&1

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N. America Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

S. America N N Y Y N N N N Y N N N N N N N Y

Europe Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

APAC N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y N Y Y

Africa N N N N N N N N Y N N N N N N N N

Australia N Y Y Y Y Y N N Y N N N N Y N Y Y

mailto:[email protected]


43

Customizability Apart from payment options, each provider also gives a level of customizability for cloud server configurations (amount of vCPU, RAM, storage), as shown in the chart below. Most providers only offer one category of customizability except for 1&1, Google and IBM SoftLayer, which offer the option to configure a VM or purchase bundled resources in a packaged structure within limits (more on configuration options below):

• Fully Customizable: The cloud servers are entirely scalable for cores, RAM, and hard disk space. Cores are scalable per core, RAM is scalable per GB, and hard disk space is scalable in small increments.

• Partly Customizable: The cloud servers are limited in customizability; although the CPU, RAM, and/or hard disk may be independently scalable, those resources are only scalable in a pre-set amount; e.g., RAM scalable in certain increments.

• Packaged: Cloud servers come in pre-customized packages and hardware resources are not independently scalable. Scaling up or down would require users to upgrade or downgrade to the closest available package that meets their server configuration requirements.

1&1

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Fully Configurable

Y N* N N Y Y Y N Y Y N Y N N Y N N

Partially Configurable

N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N Y

Packaged Y Y Y Y N N N Y N Y Y N Y Y N Y N *ECS instances can be created based on custom image in North China 1 or South China 1.


44

VM Sizing Information

Provider Instance (Linux) vCPU RAM

Instance (Windows)

vCPU2 RAM2

Small 1&1 Cloud Server M 1 1 Cloud Server M 1 1

AliCloud ecs.n4.small 1 2 ecs.n4.small 1 2

Amazon m3.medium 1 3.75 m3.medium 1 3.75

CenturyLink Customized 1 2 Customized 1 2

CloudSigma Customized 1 2 Customized 1 2

Cogeco Peer1 MCC Customized 1 2 Customized 1 2

DigitalOcean 1GB Memory 1 1 - - -

Dimension Data Customized 1 2 - - -

Google Customized 1 2 Customized 1 2

IBM SoftLayer Customized 1 2 Customized 1 2

Internap Linux A Series 1 1 - - -

Interoute Customized 1 2 Customized 1 2

Joyent

k4-highcpu-kvm-1.75G

1 3.75 k4-highcpu-kvm-

1.75G 1 3.75

Microsoft F1 1 2 F1 1 2

OVH S1-2 1 2 - - -

ProfitBricks Customized 1 2 Customized 1 2

Rackspace General 1-1 1 1 - -

Medium 1&1 Cloud Server XL 2 4 XL 2 4

AliCloud ecs.n4.large 2 4 ecs.n4.large 2 4

Amazon c4.large 2 3.75 c4.large 2 3.75








Internap Linux A Series 2 2 Windows A series 2 2


Joyent



3.75G 2 3.75


OVH B2-7 2 7 B2-7 2 7

ProfitBricks Customized 2 4 Custom 2 4

Rackspace Compute 1-4 2 3.75 Compute 1-4 2 3.75

Large 1&1 Cloud Server XXL 4 8 Cloud Server XXL 4 8

AliCloud ecs.n4.xlarge 4 8 ecs.n4.xlarge 4 8

Amazon c4.xlarge 4 7.5 c4.xlarge 4 7.5


45








Internap Linux A Series 4 4 Windows A Series 4 4


Joyent



7.75G 4 7.75


OVH B2-15 4 15 B2-15 4 15


Rackspace Compute 1-8 4 7.5 Compute 1-8 4 7.5

Extra Large

1&1 Cloud Server 3XL 8 16 Cloud Server 3XL 8 16

AliCloud ecs.n4.2xlarge 8 16 ecs.n4.2xlarge 8 16

Amazon c4.2xlarge 8 15 c4.2xlarge 8 15



Cogeco Peer1 F8 8 16 Standard, A4 8 14

DigitalOcean 16 GB Memory 8 16 - - -






Joyent



15.75G 8 15.75


OVH B2-30 8 30 B2-30 8 30


Rackspace Compute 1-15 8 15 Compute 1-15 8 15

2X Large 1&1 Cloud Server 5XL 16 32 Cloud Server 5XL 16 32

AliCloud ecs.n4.4xlarge 16 32 ecs.n4.4xlarge 16 32

Amazon c4.4xlarge 16 30 c4.4xlarge 16 30








46




Joyent - - - - - -

Microsoft F16 16 32 F16 16 32

OVH B2-60 16 60 B2-60 16 60


Rackspace Compute 1-30 16 30 Compute 1-30 16 30

About Cloud Spectator Cloud Spectator is a benchmarking and consulting agency focused on cloud Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS). The company actively monitors several of the largest IaaS providers in the world, comparing VM performance (i.e., CPU, RAM, disk, internal network, and workloads) and pricing to achieve transparency in the cloud market. The company helps cloud providers understand their market position and helps business’s make intelligent decisions related to cloud strategy, cloud readiness, cost reduction and vendor analysis. The firm was founded in early 2011 and is in Boston, MA. For questions about this report, consulting services, or general inquiries about our products and services, please contact Cloud Spectator at +1 617.300.0711 or email [email protected]. For press/media related inquiries, please contact: Ken Balazs VP Sales and Marketing Cell: (+1) 617-320-1921 Office: (+1) 617-300-0711 [email protected]


tel:1-617-320-1921

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