collocations environment for upper-intermediate

7/27/2019 Collocations Environment for Upper-Intermediate

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/collocations-environment-for-upper-intermediate 1/12

Section 1

A place to live

world

cou ntryhome

bu ild ing

accommodation and rent

10

11

12

13

1+

Key Words for Fluency - lntermediate



world

Verb + worldchange the world

destroy the worldtake over the world

see the world

Adjective + worlda changing world

an ideal worldthe outside world

a safer world

the whole world

World * nounworld affairs

world peacea world authority

a world record

2.

l. Verb + world

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the obove yerbs:

l. As ayoungman lwantedto... ..theworld before lsettled down.That'swhy

I went off to Australia and New Zealand.

2. Like many young people, my son is very idealistic and he wants to ...

the world and make it a better place.3. Man is the only creature capable of . . . . . the world.

4. Fast food outlets seem to have . . . . . over the world.You'll find burgers and

fries in almost every corner of the planet.

Adjective + world

Complete these sentences with the obove odjectives:

l. Asthe onlysurvivorof the crash,lfelt lwasthe luckiestman in the.. ...world.2. We must get rid of nuclear weapons to guarantee our children a . . . . . world.

3. We live in a rapidly . . . . . world and must learn to adapt if we are to succeed.

4. In an . . . . . world, no one would go hungry.

5. The people on this small island have no telephones or radios - they are completelycut off from the .....world.

World * noun .'

Complete these sentences with the obove nouns:

l. DrVoits, a world ..... on UFOs, will be giving a talk in the main lecture

theatre this evening.

2. Maurice Green broke his own world . . . . . when he won the 100 metres at

the Olympics.

3. lf you want to broaden your knowledge of world . . ., you should read a

newspaper every day.

4. The recent increase in terrorism is a real threat to world

Notes l. Note these prepositional expressions:

The ceremony was wotched by millions oround the world I throughout the world I the world over.

2. Note these expressions:

Thereb nothing in the world we can do obout it (nothing at all)

Ihere's no need to rush,we've got oll the time in the world. (hove plenty of time)

He carried on, without o care in the world. (not worried obout onything at all)

The food wos out of this world! (fantostic)

Thonks for coming.lt meons the world to me. (very importont to me)

3. Note that if you break a world record, you become the world record holder.

3.

10 Key Words for Fluency - lntermediate



cotlntry

*rO * .*-ary Adjective + countrya foreign country

a free country

a neighbouring country

an underdeveloped country

a wealthy countD/

Common expressionscountries break off relations

countries go to war

countries gain independence

countries host sporting events

countries sign agreements

enter a country

flee a country

j paralyse a country

rePresent a countryrun a country

Verb + country

complete the sentences with the correct form of the obove verbs:

l. He . . . . the country to escape arrest for the murder of his wife.

2. A rail, air and bus strike has . . . . the country. Most offices and factories have

had to shut down.

3. You'll need a visa to . . .. the country.

4. Ylany people are unhappy with the way the governmenr is .. .. the country.5. She was proud to . .. . her country at the recent Olympics.

Adjective + country

Complete these sente nces with the obove odjectives:

l. lt's hard to believe that, in such a . . . . country, some people don't have

enough food.

2. lt's difficult to live in a . . . . country if you don't speak the language.

3. Don't tell me what to do! lt's a . .. . country and I can do what I like!

4. The UN is often involved in settling border disputes between . . . . countries.5. The developed

world should provide more aid to .... countries.

2.

t.

3. Common expressions

Match the holves: tl. Which country will host

2. Twenty countries signed

3. The country gained

4. Our country has broken off5. The rwo countries are in danger of

a. independence from the UK in 1967.

b. going to war over oil.

c. diplomatic relations with the UK.

d. an agreement ro stop whaling.

e. the next Olympic Gamesl

Note Note these verb + preposition expressions:

We are here todoy to honour those who foughtond died for their country in twoWorldWors.

Thirty illegal immigrants have been deported back

to the country they come from.

All vehicles ore checked at the border to prevent

drugs being smuggled into the country.

z7---"She wos so proud to

represent her country!"




home

Verb r home Home * noun Verb * noun * home Preposition * home,

get home home address take a taxi home at home

head home home cooking see (you) home away from home

leave home home delivery send (you) home from home

return home home town welcome (you) home on the way home

call home

own your home

l. Verb + home


L He . . . . home at the age of 18 and joined the army.

2. I think we should . .. . home now, before it gets too dark.

3. I might be able to go - it depends on what time | ..... .. . .. home from work.4. Some people want to . . . . their home, while others are quite h"ppy to rent.

5. I . . .. home once a week on my mobile to see how my parents are keeping.

6. We became increasingly worried when our daughter failed to ... .. home.

2. Home * noun

Choose the correct collocotion:

l. When I went away to university I missed my mother's home cool<ing / meals.

2. Please remember to write your home address / street at the top of the letter.

3. The price of the dishwasher includes free home transport / delivery and installation.

4. When she dies, she wants to be buried in her home city / town.

3. Verb * noun + home


l. The teacher . . . . him home from School for bad behaviour.

2. One of my colleagues .... me home safely after the party.

3. lf you miss the last bus, you can always ....a taxi home.

4. Hundreds of fans went to the airport to . . . . their team home.

4. Preposition + home

Motch the two holyes:

l. My job involves a lot of travel so I'm a. on the way home from work.

2. There was nobody b. to work from home.

3. I stopped at the supermarket c. at home when I called.

4. The internet makes it possible d. away from home for weeks at a time.

Notes l. Note these adlective collocations:

My ideal home would hove on indoor swimming pool ond it would overlook the seo.

He's from o broken home. His parents seporated when he wos only four.

They spend the summer in their holidoy home in the French Alps.

2. Note the expressions'home-grown' and'home-made':

We hod home-grown vegetobles ond home-mode breod for lunch.




building

Verb + buildingconstruct a building

idemolish a building

convert a building

evacuate a building

restore a building

Adjective + buildinga derelict building

an empty building

a fine building

a high-rise building

the main building

a public building

Noun+prep+buildingappearance of a building

'damage to the building

entry to the building

a floor of the building

the tenants of a building

l. Verb + building

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the above yerbs:

Adjective + building

Complete the sentences with the obove odjectives:

l. Our footsteps echoed through the . . . . building.

2. NewYork has .. . .. buildings everywhere.

3. On the day of the King's funeral, flags flew at half

mast on all ... ..buildings.

4. Ylany homeless people end up sleeping rough

in parks and.. ...buildings.5. My department isn't in the town centre, but the

. . . . . building of the university is

right in the middle of towrl

' :::::: t:: 3:i:fl';lci'cv wi'ch

'"s 'f

Noun + preposition + building

Complete the sentences with the obove nouns:

l. Our company has the contract to design and . . . . . the new parliament building.

2. This beautiful old building has been painstakingly . . . . . to its former glory.

3. Within minutes of receiving the bomb threat, we had . . . . . the building.4. There are plans to . . . . . the old school building into homes for the elderly.

5. Engineers say that the building is unsafe and that it will have to be . . .

2.

Lbg.b'9t

I

t,'9e99L5

tayr

3.

. . . . . to the building has been estimated at f60,000.

By law, there has to be a fire exit on each . . . . . of the building.

The burglars gained . . . . . to the building through the back door.All the . . . . . of the building are unhappy about the increase in rents.

The interior of the hotel has been extensively renovated, but the outward

of the building hasn't changed for over 100 years.

Note how we say we like a building:

It is on attroctive building with beoutiful gordens.

Ihe costle is an impressive building with its high wolls ond huge gote.

The Blue Mosque in lstanbul is o truly mogniftcent building.

A'listed building' is one which cannot be changed without permission from the government.

It is usually an important building because of its history or design.

"lt's nothing but high+ise

buildings everywhere!"

t.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Notes l.

2

Key Words for Fluency - lntermediate 13



accommodation and rent

Verb * accommodation Adjective * accommodationfree accommodation

fu rn ished accommodation

self-cateri ng accommodation

temporary accommodation

Verb * rentafford the rent

owe rent

pay the rent

put up the rent

withhold the rent

l. Verb * accommodation


l. We help new employees to . . . . . suitable accommodation in the city. Most find

something they like within a week or two.

2. Students are . . . . . accommodation in the halls of residence for their first year.

We're lucky we have plenty of student flats and rooms.3 lt's a small hotel but it can .. . . . accommodation for up to thirty people.

4. Vy Uncle Paul is disabled and . . . . . in sheltered accommodation, where there

is a warden on call to provide help if needed.

2. Adjective + accommodation

Complete the sentences with the obove odjectives:

l. The council is using the local school hall as . . . . accommodation for the

families made homeless by the recent floods.

2. We're in . .. . accommodation, so we'll be doing all our own cooking.

3. Theflat had a bed and a chair!That's notwhat lcall . ...accommodation!

4. In return for . . . . accommodation and food, I tidy the house and look afterthe two kids while the parents are at work.

3. Verb * rent

Complete the sentences wth the correct form of the above verbs:

l. 1.. ...a slightly higher rentthan the othertenants in the flat because my

room is the biggest.

2. The landlord wants to . . . . . up the rent by t25 a month, but I'm refusing to

PaY anY more.

We're . . . . . the rent until the landlord agrees to get the central heating fixed.

We need a bigger house for our large family, but we can't . . . . . the rent.

The landlord is threatening to evict the tenants if they don't pay the rent they. . . . . by the end of the week.

Notes l. Note these expressions with 'accommodation':

Ihere's o shortoge of I a lock of cheop rented accommodotion for students in London.

2. Note these expressions with'rent':Since losing my job,l've follen behind with the rent (not oble to pay it)

The rent is due one month in odvonce. (poy for the month ohead)

Most of my salory goes on rent.l've very little left for food ond entertoinment.

I hove o spore room to let ot o monthly rent of t55.

Whot's the rent on the house?

3.

4.

5.




Section z

The environ ment

envlronmentpollution, fumes, waste and

earthqual<e and floodsto rm

da mage

t6rubbish 17

rB

19

20

E

"Now, Carol, don't you think you're toking this o bit too far?"




enutronment

Verb * environment Adj + environment Noun + prep + ...

resPect the environment a hostile environment damage to the environment

harm the environment a male environment effect on th* environment

pollute the environment a pleasant environment a threat to the environmentprotect the environment a safe environment in harmony with the ... r

a stress-free environment the destruction of the ...

l. Verb * environment

Complete these sente nces with the correct form of the obove yerbs:

l. Many of the town's factories continue to . . . . . the environment.The local rivers

have all been ruined by the chemicals from some of them.

2. I always try to buy eco-friendly products that don't . . . . . the environment.

3. The government hopes to teach children to . . . . . the environment throughnew projects in schools.

4. Acid rain produced by factories is killing trees across the country.The government

must introduce new policies to . . . . . the environment.

2. Adjective + environment

We use 'environment'to describe the conditions that we leorn ond work in. Complete the

sentences with the obove odjectives:

l. My office is quite bright and spacious. lt's a . . . . . working environment. Unlike

some people, I actually like coming to work!

2. No working environment is entirely ... . .There are always pressures.

3. As a deep-sea diver I have to work in a dangerous and ... .. environment.4. I work in a predominantly ... . . environment. I'm the only woman in the office!

5. Employers should provide a . . . . . working environment for their employees

so that accidents are avoided as far as possible.

3. Noun + preposition + environment

Complete these sente nces with the obove nouns:

l. Many chemicals used in industry have a damaging . . . . . on the environment.

Some of them take a very long time to disappear.

2. Overpopulation is probably the greatest . . . . . to the environment today.

3. lt's important that tourism develops in . . . . . with the environment.

4. Every day large areas of forest disappear to make paper for newspapers. Few of us

take the time to think about this large scale . . . . . of the environment.

5. We are causing serious . . . . . to the environment by using up the Eartht

natural resources.

Notes l. An 'environmentalist' is someone who wants to protect the environment.

The Green Party is a political organisation whose main aim is to protect the environment.

Greenpeace is an international organisation which organises protests around the world toprotect the environment.

2. We talk about'environmentally-friendly products'.




pollution, f"mes, waste and rubbish

Verb + pollutionreduce pollution

pollution destroys

pollution threatenspollution rises

Verb * fumesinhale fumes

fumes pour out

be overcome by

fumes

Verb * wastecreate waste

dispose of waste

dump waste

recycle waste

Verb + rubbishclear up rubbish

collect rubbish

pick up rubbish

recycle rubbish

2.

t. Verb + pollution

complete these sentences with the correctform of the obove verbs:

l. Most cars now have a catalytic converter to help . . . . . pollution.

2. Air pollution has . . . . . to unacceptable levels in some areas of the city.

3. scientists have warned that pollution is . . . . . the ozone layer.

4. Pollution from the oil tanker is . . . . . fish farms all along the coast.

Verb + fumes

Complete these sente nces with the obove yerbs:

l. Thick black exhaust fumes were .

out of the back of the old bus.

2. Three firemen needed hospital treatment

after . . ... poisonous fumes.

3. A number of workers were

by toxic fumes from the burning factory and

had to be carried out of the building by firefighters.

3. Verb * wasteComplete these sente nces with the obove yerbs:

l. We have a compost bin whic! we use to.... . our household waste.

2. The company was fined for ..untreated industrial waste into the river.

3. We use too much packaging on food.

It ... ..a lot of unnecessary waste.

4. ls there a safe way to . . . . . of nuclear waste?

4. Verb + rubbish

Complete these sentences with the correct form of the obove yerbs:

l. The rubbish is . . . . . on Mondays, but I put the bin out on Sunday night.

2. Who's responsible for . . . . . up the rubbish after the carnivall

3 Please up your rubbish when you leave, and put it into the bins.

4. Why not . . . . . your household rubbish instead of throwing it away?

Note these expressions:

The government loys down strict guidelines for the disposo/ of hozordous woste.

There should be on internationol bon on the dumping of radioaaive woste or seo.

After the match the stodium wos littered with rubbish.

iol 4ix)-e

"You should'ye seen the black exhaust

fumes pouring out of the bus!"

Note




earthquake and flood

Verb + earthquake Flood * verb Flood t noun

I predict an earthquake floods cause damage flood damage

survive an earthquake floods cut the area off flood victim

set off an earthquake floods hit the area flood warning

withstand an earthquake floods sweep things away flood water

earthquakes hit

earthquakes devastate

earthquakes shake buildings

l. Verb + earthqual<e

Complete these sentences with the correct form of the obove verbs:

L Most of the tall buildings in Tokyo have been designed to . . . . earthquakes.

It's always the older buildings which sustain the most damage.

2. A major earthquake will probably . . . . Los Angeles within the next 50 years.

3. ln the future, scientists hope to become more accurate in . . . . earthquakes.

But persuading people to leave their homes is another matter!

4. A huge earthquake, measuring 7.5 on the Richter scale, . . . . the whole region.

There are only a few buildings left standing in the whole area.

5. The earthquake . . . . many buildings in the area, but the tremors were not

powerful enough to cause any of them to collapse.

6. Few buildings . . . . the earthquake intact. Most suffered damage of some kind

or other.

t

li::: i:::7T#I.:i: ll?iffi:l:rs

we have experienced in recent months mav

2. Flood + verb

Complete these sentences with the correct forrm of the obove verbs;

l. The floods have . . . . off a number of villages in the area. Rescue services are

using boats to get food and drinking water through to the flood victims.

2. The region was . . . . by a series of flash floods.There was no time to issue flood

warnings and hundreds were drowned as a result.

3. Heavy floods have . . . . away homes and roads in the south of Bangladesh.

Villagers will have to wait until the flood waters recede before they can return.

4. These severe floods have . . . . widespread destruction. lt'll be months before

the flood damage is cleared up.Now underline the flood + noun expressions in the sentences.

Notes l. Note these expressions with 'earthquake':

The west coost of America is prone to earthquokes. (likely to be affected by them)

It's an eorthquoke-prone region.

Hundreds of people were buried olive in the eorthquoke.

Places like Nop/es ond Los Ange/es ore in eorthquoke zones.

2. Note these expressions with'flood':

People living in low-lying oreos were evocuoted to higher ground becouse of the floods.

After the cotostrophic floods the government declared o stote of emergency.

The floods hove left thousonds of people home/ess.




storm

Verb * stormstorms break

storms strikestorms destroy

storms rage

storms die down

be caught in a storm

sleep through a storm

Common expressions

badly damaged in a storm

blown down in a stormblown off in a storm

struck by lightning in a storm

wrecked in a storm

uprooted in a storm

L Verb * storm

Complete these sente nces with the correct form of the obove yerbs;

I' Hundreds of people were made homeless when severe storms . . . . . the

east coast of America.

2. A violent storm . . . . . just as we reached the beach, and we had to run forshelter.

3. A terrible storm . . . . . for two whole days.We couldn't leave our hotel tillit had .....down. lt was terrifying!

4. The old church was completely . .. .. in the great srorm of 1954.

Complete the verb phroses with the correct preposition:

5. We were caught......a heavy storm on the way home last night.

6. I don't know how you managed to sleep the thunderstorm.

2. Common expressionsMotch the halves:

Two ships were driven onto rocks and

A number of roofs werer.

One of the town's oldest buildings was badly

Thousands of trees were

Several people were struck by lightning

blown off during the violent storms.

during yesterday's electrical storm.

uprooted in the great storm.

wrecked in the storm.damaged in the storm.

"Thousonds of trees were uprooted in the storm."

Notes l. Note these expressions with 'storm':

We took she/ter from the storm in o bus she/ter.

The storm left 10,000 homes without power or woter.

The storm coused widespreod damoge.

It wos the worst storm in living memory.

2. Note this expression:

It wos the storm of the century! Nobody hos seen anything like it!

3. 'lt was a storm in a teacup' means there was a lot of argument, or worry about somethingunrmPortant.




damage

i Verb + damage

I cause damage

insure against damageprevent damage

suffer damage

repair damage

Noun+of+damagethe cost of the damage

the extent of the damage

a risk of damage

signs of damage

(f200) worth of damage

2.

l. Verb + damage

Complete these sente nces with the correct form of the obove verbs:

l. please help us to . . . . . damage to the forest by keeping to the paths.

2. The storm . . . . . damage to property estimated at { 100 million.

3. Your house doesn't seem to have . .... muchdamage in the gales'

4. All our household products are . . . . . against theft and accidental damage.

5. lt'll cost about f5O,OO0 to . . . . . the damage caused by the fire'

How much damage?

Mork the sentences (LOT) if they meon o lot of domoge, ond (LIT) for little domoge:

l. The volcanic eruption caused considerable damage to buildings. lt will take millions

of dollars to rePair them.

2. When the river floods, it causes extensive damage to the surrounding villages.

3. lt was a relatively small earthquake. lt caused only minor damage to buildings.

4. Fortunately, there were no iniuries, and the damage to my car was minimal'

5. The oil spill has killed fish and caused incalculable damage to the coastline.

6. The house only suffered super{icial damage from the high winds. Only a few slates

were missing from the roof.

7. lf we dont reduce pollution, we will cayse serious damage to the environment.

3. Noun + of + damage

Complete these sentences with the obove nouns:

l. Storms cause thousands of pounds' . . . . . of damage to ProPerty every year'

2. lt was difficult to appreciate rhe full . . . . . of the damage at the time' lt was not

until the morning after that the sheer scale of the damage could be seen.

3. The . . . . . of the damage caused by the oil spill will be around f200 million.

4. Although we hit a rock, there were no obvious ' ' ' ' ' of damage to the boat'

5. Unless we can lowerthe levels of air pollution,there is a serious...........of

damage to some of the old buildings and monuments in the city centre.

Notes l. Note the adjectives we use to describe damage that can't be repaired:

If we con't stop the oil teoking from the tonker, irreparoble damoge will be done to the coostline'

De-forestotion hos coused irreversible damoge to the soiL Nothing will ever grow in it ogain.

The smoll omounts of toxic chemicols in these fish con couse permonent broin domoge in children'

2. Note this exPression:

Don't worry. No domoge hos been done'

3. Note that in 3-2'extent of the damage' and'scale of the damage' are similar in meaning'


collocations environment for upper-intermediate

Documents