community organizing i

8/13/2019 Community Organizing I

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Part I


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Human population living within a limitedgeographical area and carrying on a commoninterdependent life (Lundberg, 1963)

A dynamic phenomenon with an array of roleseach influencing the whole structure (Nelson,1960)

A locality group whether the term refers to aneighborhood, a town, a city or even a nation


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Its essence lies in the relationships within the

system

Composed of people who have relationships thatare systematic, interactive and interdependent

Members carry on the activities to create the wefeeling or community spirit

Relationships are essential in the evolution ofindividual identity ( affinity to the communitywhere you belong) leading to low to high level ofreciprocity and alienation


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Classification : Rural (familistic) and Urban(contractual)

Indices ; size, density of population,occupation, environment, heterogeneity andhomogeneity of culture, social differentiationand stratification, mobility and system of

interaction


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Conditions affecting community life Climate

Natural resources

Plant and animal life

Culture Social life

Social interaction

Social organization , social roles


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Basic services needed by the community Economy Local government Religion

Education Welfare Health recreation

*** Agencies providing any of these have to explicitly

define their goals, values and beliefs as these affectthe kind of services each is offering to thecommunity.


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Study of the development and organization ofthe community and the distribution ofpersons and institutions in relation to theenvironment (Hawley, 1950)


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Small population, man to land ratio is small Occupation : farming, fishing, food gathering,

cottage industries

Family and kinship groups More children

Community activities and cooperation arecommon

Competition and conflicts may be present


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Primary group relations prevail Informal borrowing and lending of cash and

material goods Offers quiet, solitude and tranquility

Great breathing space Factionalism may still be present Social institutions membership small, not

highly specialized

Leaders are usually chosen with reference topersonal qualities that conform to localsystem of values (Nelson, 1995)


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Less mobile (slow paced) due to low densityof population and homogeneity of culture

Migration is selective of young people andthe female gender (Bertrand, 1955)

Less social classes and no extremes of wealth Social status determined by birth and

personal qualities of an individual Social control : gossip , public opinion, social

ostracism Social control operates through folkways and

mores


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Rural folks are more dependent on traditionaland cultural heritage

Cultural advantages are few

Modern facilities are limited

70 % rural ---- nation of barrios

Barrio backbone of the nation

Provides urban areas with food and rawindustrial materials


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Barangay smallest political subdivision of thegovernment; linked to the poblacion

Autonomous local government

Scanty educational services

Health : malnutrition and communicablediseases common

Socio-religious activity --- fiesta

Problems : poverty, unemployment, weak localgovernment, low level of education, lack ofproper sanitation, lack of recreational andcultural facilities, inadequate health facilities


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Capital of a country plays a dominant role primary center or city focal point of

urbanization

Center of administrative, commercial,financial, educational, religious andrecreational functions of a nation

Human ecology more complex


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Concentric Circle Theory of City Zones description of city development based onzoning (Burgess, 1925)

Chicago City

No city is a perfect example of this patterndue to geographical setting and public works


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Find large office buildings and hotels Highest land values and rents

Specialty stores, banks, restaurants

Greatest daily movement of people in the city Hundreds of workers and shoppers come and

go


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Older residential area Second highest land values but some of the

lowest rents

Manufacturing establishments in old dilapidated

buildings Newcomers to the city or single persons living

away from home

Has wanderers, homeless persons andnonconformists of all sorts

Immigrant groups who follow their customs

Lack of unified social atmosphere

Highest rate of crime, disease and socialbreakdown


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Has more stability and emphasis on familylife

Fairly moderate land values and rents

Duplexes and apartments

Bakeries, pharmacies, cafes, hardware stores,grocery stores

Low salaried workers who want to live near

their place of employment Better than zone II


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Fairly high land values and rent More elaborate apartment and homes

Well off families

Newer and better facilities Low rates of crime, disease and social

disorganization


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Stretches outward from the city boundaries At least one hours ride from the center of the

city Small cities, towns and villages linked to the

central district Land values lower than Zone IV Office workers, professionals who commute Advantage of being newer, less crowded and

less expensive area Disadvantage of being far away from many

facilities and conveniences


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122 cities as of August 28, 2010. Thirty-eight cities are independent: 33 are classified as

"highly urbanized" and 5 as "independent component;" t 84 component cities of the provinces in which they are

geographically located.

1,512 municipalities 70% rural population provincial migrants to metropolitan Manila --

population imbalance Overcrowding (squatting), increased demands for

services, pollution ----- > ecological imbalance Manilas domination leads to other cities suffering. brain drain due to migration Impersonal, Secondary relationships predominate Interacting with non kin as a business alliance


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Excess urban population, usually squattersfor which the city has neither the resourcesfor their welfare nor need of their labor

Poverty, overcrowding, inadequate watersupply closely linked to poor sanitation andpoor health

Communicable diseases predominate

Growing increase in life style related diseases


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A continuous and sustained process of ducatingpeople to understand and develop critical

consciousness of their existing conditions

Organizingthem to work collectively and efficientlyon their immediate and long term problems

Mobilizingthem to develop their capability andreadiness to respond and take actions on theirimmediate and long term needs and problems


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A process which enlists the support andactive involvement of all sectors within asociety that can play a role in achieving anagreed social objective , converging the

interests and actions of institutions, groupsand communities towards the objectives,thereby mobilizing the human and materialresources to reach it and rooting it insocietys and particularly communitysconscience to ensure its sustainability (ColinFraser)


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The process of gaining mastery and powerover ones community to produce change.

As a social mobilizer, one is compelled toprovide tools and responsibility to thecommunity members for making decisionsthat affect them.

Community participation need to be built upin doing CO or SocMob


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Dr. Itchonslecture on Communities Post Graduate Course on Health Education

and Promotion Manual UP-CPH and DOH-NCHP

community organizing i

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