computer basic traning (cbt)

8/8/2019 Computer Basic Traning (Cbt)

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COMPUTER BASIC TRANING

(CBT)AHLI KUMPULAN

1.GHANAVATHI A/L KUMARAN

10050082

2.KIRETHARAN A/L RAMACHANDRAN 10030032

3.ADELINE ANNE A/P SANTHANDAS

10050140

4.LALITHA A/P RAMAKRISHNAN

10030044

5.VINOD NAIR A/L SUKUNAN

10040122


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WHAT IS COMPUTER

An electronic device that stores,

retrieves, and processes data, and

can be programmed with

instructions. A computer is

composed of hardware and

software, and can exist in a varietyof sizes and configurations.


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Hardware & Software

The term hardware refers to the physicalcomponents of your computer such as thesystem unit, mouse, keyboard, monitor etc.

The software is the instructions that makesthe computer work.

Software is held either on your computershard disk, CD-ROM, DVD or on a diskette(floppy disk) and is loaded (i.e. copied)from the disk into the computers RAM(Random Access Memory), as and whenrequired.


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Types of Computers

Mini and Mainframe Computers

Very powerful, used by large organizations

such an banks to control the entirebusiness operation. Very expensive!

Personal Computers

Cheap and easy to use. Often used asstand-alone computers or in a network.May be connected to large mainframecomputers within big companies.


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INPUT DEVICES

The Mouse

Used to drive Microsoft Windows

The Keyboard

The keyboard is still the commonestway of entering information into acomputer

Tracker Balls

an alternative to the traditional mouseand often used by graphic designers


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OUTPUT DEVICES

VDU

The computer screen is used for outputting

information in an understandable format Printers

There are many different types of printers.

In large organizations laser printers are

most commonly used due to the fact that they can print very fast and give a very

high quality output.


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Storage Devices -- "Howit savesdata

andprograms

- Hard disk drives are an internal,

higher capacity drive which also

stores the operating system whichruns when you power on the

computer.

"Floppy" disk drives allow you to

save work on small disks and take

the data with you.


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Main Parts of Computer

Memory -- "How the processor stores and uses

immediate data

RAM - Random Access Memory

The main 'working' memory used by the computer.

When the operating system loads from disk whenyou

first switch on the computer, it is copied into RAM.

As a rough rule, a Microsoft Windows basedcomputer will

operate faster if you install more RAM. Data and programs stored in RAM are volatile (i.e. the

information

is lost when you switch off the computer).


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How ComputerMemory Is

MeasuredBit

All computers work on a binary numbering system,i.e. they process data in one's or zero's. This 1 or 0level of storage is called a bit.

Byte A byte consists of eight bits.

Kilobyte

A kilobyte (KB) consists of 1024 bytes.

Megabyte

A megabyte (MB) consists of 1024 kilobytes.Gigabyte

A gigabyte (GB) consists of 1024 megabytes.


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Microprocessors

"The brain of the computer

- PCs primarily use microprocessors (sometimescalled the chip).

The older Intel versions include the 386, 486 andnow the Pentium line.

The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is normally anIntel Pentium (or equivalent) and it is one of the mostimportant components within your computer.

It determines how fast your computer will run and is

measured by its MHz speed. Thus a 600 MHz Pentium is much faster than say a

400 MHz Pentium CPU.

It is the CPU that performs all the calculations withinthe computer.


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Operatingsystemssoftware

The operating system is a special type ofprogram that loads automatically when you

start your computer. The operating system allows you to use the

advanced features of a modern computerwithout having to learn all the details of howthe hardware works .

The link between the hardware and you, theuser Makes the computer easy to usewithout having to understand bits and bytes!


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Application Software

Word processing applications

Microsoft Word

Lotus Word Pro WordPerfect

Spreadsheets

Microsoft Excel

Lotus 123 Database

Microsoft Access

Lotus Approach


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Payroll

Sage software

Presentation tools

Microsoft PowerPoint

Lotus Freelance

Desktop publishing

Abode Photoshop Multimedia applications

Microsoft's Encarta CD-ROM based

encyclopedias


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Information Network

LAN

A LAN (Local Area Network) is a systemwhereby

individual PCs are connected together within a

company or organization

WAN

A WAN (Wide Area Network) as the name

implies allows you to connect to other computers over

a

wider area (i.e. the whole world).


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Uses of Network

If ten people are working together within an office it

makes sense for them all to be connected. In this way the office can have a single printer

and all ten people can print to it.

In a similar way other devices such as modemsor scanners can be shared.

Even more useful is the ability to share

information when connected to a network.


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Office Applications

Automated Production Systems

Many car factories are almost completely automated and thecars are assembled by computer-controlled robots.

This automation is becoming increasingly common throughoutindustry.

Design Systems

Many products are designed using CAD (Computer AidedDesign) programs to produce exact specifications and detaileddrawings on the computer before producing models of newproducts.


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ComputerVirus

What are computer viruses?

Viruses are small programs that hide

themselves on your disks (both diskettes

and your hard disk).

Unless you use virus detection software

the first time that you know that you have

a virus is when it activates. Different viruses are activated in different

ways.


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Howdo virusesinfect PCs?

Viruses hide on a disk and when you accessthe disk (either a diskette or another hard diskover a network) the virus program will startand infect your computer.

The worst thing about a computer virus is

that they can spread from one computer toanother, either via use of infected floppy disk,or over a computer network, including theInternet.


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How to prevent virusdamage

There are a number of third party antivirusproducts available.

Most of these are better than the ratherrudimentary products available within DOS andWindows, but of course you do have to pay forthem!

The main thing about your virus checker is that it

should be kept up to date. Many companies supply updated disks on aregular basis or allow you to receive updatesthrough an electronic, on-line bulletin board.


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Software Copyright

If your computer system holds

information about individuals then you

have a moral and legal duty to treat

that information with respect.

In a free society you have a right to

ensure that information held about you

is not abused. In many countries this right is

enshrined under data protection laws


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END

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