critical strategic success factors for police organisations: what do you consider when determining...
TRANSCRIPT
Critical Strategic Success Factors for Police Organisations:
what do you consider when determining whether your police service is doing a good
job?
Terry G. Coleman, MOM, PhD(C)30th April 2011
AAPG Conference
Think about……
When you say “my local police agency is doing a good job,” what are you weighing?
When you say “my police agency is not doing a good job,” what are you weighing?
Fundamental Principles of Contemporary Policing
due process, equity and fairness ethical conduct a customer and client focus consultation and collaboration with the community quality and valued customer/client service continuous evaluation, continuous improvement and
change teamwork responsive to the environment decentralisation of authority and decision making total involvement participative leadership increased communication internal and external alignment outcome focused
Exploratory Research:Seven Categories of Questions
Crime PreventionCommunity SafetyQuality and Valued ServiceAmount of Crime [Crime Rate] & Social
DisorderConduct of Police PersonnelSolving of Crime & Social DisorderLeadership & Management
Primary Purpose
To create an index of Critical Strategic Success Factors [CSSFs] from which can be established Key Performance Indicators [KPIs] of Police Organisational Performance
Participants560
Leadership/Management Client/Customer Focus
Leadership/Management Merit based hiring and promotion
Leadership/Management Cost per Capita of Policing
Leadership/Management Personnel Development
Leadership/Management Workplace “Morale”
Leadership/Management “Sick” Days
Leadership/ManagementVisibility & Accessibility of Police Personnel
Crime Prevention/Reduce VictimisationEffective External Communications Systems
Crime Prevention/Reduce VictimisationProactive & Promote
“Social Disorder”
social disorder (sometimes referred to as public disorder) includes such situations as public drunkenness, causing a disturbance, graffiti, vandalism, noisy parties, rowdiness, people loitering in public places, noisy vehicles, abandoned vehicles, urinating in public, fighting, illegal dumping, traffic issues, abandoned buildings, loitering youth, garbage, public drug use and broken street lights.
Community SafetyAmount of Social
DisorderFear of Social
Disorder
Quality & Valued ServicePolice Sensitive to Community Needs
Community is Satisfied with Police
Service
Quality & Valued ServiceHonesty and
IntegrityFair [Procedural
Justice]
Quality & Valued Service
Police Approachable Police Polite
Quality & Valued ServiceResponse Time Non-Emergency
Amount of Crime & Social Disorder
Violent Crime RateNon-Violent Crime
Rate
Amount of Crime & Social DisorderSocial Disorder
Amount of Crime & Social DisorderSerious/Fatal Traffic Collisions
Conduct of Police Personnel
Confidence in Police Trust of Police
Conduct of Police Personnel
Substantiated Public Complaints
Substantiated inappropriate use-
of-force
Solving of Crime & Social Disorder
Non-Violent Crime Social Disorder
Solving Crime & Social Disorder
Driving Offences: Criminal Code
Driving Offences: Provincial
Solving “crime” or being treated fairly?
Analysis
The following are the seven factors derived from statistical analysis
Factor 1Variable Loading
The extent to which the community trusts their police .802
The extent to which the community has confidence in their police .752
The extent to which police officers are perceived to be fair when interacting with the community
.724
The extent to which police personnel are polite when interacting with the community
.671
The extent to which police personnel in general communicate well with the community
.661
The extent to which police officers are approachable .660
The extent to which police personnel are ethical when interacting with the community
.656
The extent to which the community is satisfied with the service provided by police personnel
.545
The extent to which police personnel demonstrate honesty & integrity when interacting with the community
.544
Factor 2Variable Loading
The extent to which funding is invested on an annual basis for direct employee development [skill training and/or education] as a percentage of total payroll
.743
The extent to which the police agency works with other police agencies when necessary .716
The extent to which the police agency responsibly manages allocated resources [such as funding and human resources] .674
The extent to which the police agency uses robust systems to ensure continuous evaluation, continuous improvement and change .667
The extent to which the police agency uses a robust employee performance appraisal/development program .657
The extent to which the police agency uses merit-based hiring and promotion practices is: .647
The extent, overall, to which police personnel are satisfied in their workplace .625
The extent to which the police agency has effective internal communications and information sharing systems .587
The extent to which the police agency is responsive to changes in the social and justice environments .552
The extent to which the police agency is client/customer focused .458
Factor 3Variable Loading
the number of arrests, charges or alternate dispositions with regard to all criminal offenses
.905
the number of arrests, charges or alternate dispositions with regard to violent crime (such as assaults, armed robbery, sexual assault, domestic violence, attempted murder and murder)
.879
the number of arrests, charges or alternate dispositions with regard to non-violent crime (such as theft, fraud, vandalism, break and enters into residential or commercial properties and offenses related possession and trafficking of illegal drugs)
.820
the number of arrests, charges or alternate dispositions with regard to driving offenses under the criminal code of Canada [this includes impaired driving, driving over .08, impaired driving causing death, dangerous driving and dangerous driving causing death)
.762
the number of arrests, charges or alternate dispositions with regard to social disorder
.688
the number of arrests, charges or alternate dispositions with regard to driving/vehicle safety offenses under provincial legislation such as the traffic safety act or equivalents [this includes speeding, failing to stop for a red traffic light or a stop sign, safety checks of vehicles, careless driving)
.621
Factor 4Variable Loading
The extent to which police have reduced the fear of social disorder
.857
The extent to which police have reduced the fear of crime
.756
The extent to which police have reduced the amount of social disorder
.729
The extent to which police have reduced the amount of crime
.450
Factor 5Variable Loading
the number of serious injury or fatal traffic accidents .775
the number of traffic accidents [not including serious injury or fatal accidents]
.723
the criminal code - traffic offence rate for driving offenses [such as incidents of impaired driving, driving over 0.08, impaired driving causing death, dangerous driving, and dangerous driving causing death]
.719
the non-violent crime rate .576
the total crime rate .563
the violent crime rate .536
the extent of social disorder .524
Factor 6Variable Loading
The number of reported incidents of inappropriate use of force by police officers
.812
The number of formal public complaints made about police personnel conduct
.780
The number of formal public complaints about police personnel conduct which have been investigated and substantiated
.703
The number of incidents of inappropriate use of force by police officers that have been substantiated by investigation
.687
Factor 7Variable Loading
The extent to which the community feels police actively engage the community and/or community agencies to seek solutions to issues/problems affecting the community
.601
The extent to which the community feels police have effective communications and information sharing systems to keep the community informed
.508
The extent to which the police agency works collaboratively with community agencies when necessary
.506
Weighted Index
POPI = .668 (Factor 1) +.633 (Factor 2) + .787 (Factor 3) + .698 (Factor 4) + .631 (Factor 5) + .746 (Factor 6) + .538 (Factor 7).
Where now ?
Food for thought.. What is it that your police should be judged by?
What do we mean when we say this police agency is doing great work or that police agency is a mess?
What we have to think about is: “are they achieving the outcome we all desire?”
The Ultimate Outcome of Policing
A safe community free from the fear of crime and social disorder
Workshop:Critical Strategic Success Factors of Police Agency Performance
What are the top six factors that you use when assessing the performance of your local police?
What tells you that your local police are, or are not, doing what you and your community expects of them?