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Book of Abstracts
Editors
Martín Gómez-Ullate
Luis Ochoa-Siguencia
José Álvarez-García
María de la Cruz del Río-Rama
Publishing House of the Research and Innovation in Education Institute
http://publisher.inbie.pl / [email protected]
Cultural Management and Governance
for European Thermal Tourism
Creativity and Innovation for Cultural and Tourism
Management in European Thermal Routes and Sites
The International Conference. Cultural Management and Governance for European Thermal
Tourism. “Creativity and Innovation for cultural and tourism management in European
Thermal Routes and Sites” was part of the Multiplier events of the “Innovation and Capacity
Building in Higher Education for Cultural Management, Hospitality and Sustainable Tourism
in European Cultural Routes [Cultour+]” project nr. 2015-1-ES01-KA203-016142
Scientific Committee
Agnieszka Chęcińska Zaucha - The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in
Katowice, Poland
Altheo Valentini - Egina, Italy
Altieres de Oliveira Silva, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) São Paulo, Brasil
Ana Paula Rodrigues - University of Tràs-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
Aphrodite Kamara – Time Heritage, Greece
Carlos Fernándes - Politechnic Institute of Aveiro, Portugal
Cleopatra Ferla - Time Heritage, Greece.
Dora Aguilasocho Montoya, University Michoacana of San Nicolás de Hidalgo, México
Evaristo Galeana Figueroa, University Michoacana of San Nicolás de Hidalgo, México
Francesco Zaralli – Futuro Digitale, Italy
Gergana Zheliazkova - Varna Free University
Isabel Vieira - University of Tràs-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
Jetchka Ilieva - Varna Free University
José Álvarez García - University of Extremadura, Spain
José António C. Santos, University of Algarve - ESGHT / CIEO, Portugal
Juan Diego Carmona Barrero – Arkeographos, Spain
Juana Gómez Pérez - University of Extremadura, Spain
Katarzyna Kruszyńska - Radom Higher School, Poland
Lidia Andrades Caldito - University of Extremadura, Spain
Ludovica Castiglia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Italy
Luis Ochoa Siguencia - The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice,
Poland
Marco de Cave - Futuro Digitale, Italy
María de la Cruz del Río-Rama - University of Vigo, Spain
María Dolores Sánchez-Fernández, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
Martín Gómez-Ullate (Dir.) - University of Extremadura, Spain
Mercedes Vila Alonso, University of Vigo, Spain
Nuno Alexandre Pereira Abranja, Higher Institute of Educacional Sciences (ISCE), Portugal
Olga Martínez Mouré – Madrid Open University, Spain
Oscar V. De la Torre Torres, University Michoacana of San Nicolás de Hidalgo, México
Pedro Corcho Sánchez - University of Extremadura, Spain
Pilar Barrios Manzano - University of Extremadura, Spain
Regina Schlüter - National University of Quilmes (UNQ), Argentina
Renata Ochoa-Daderska - Research and Innovation in Education Institute (INBIE), Poland
Veronika Joukes - University of Tràs-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
Xerardo Pereiro - University of Tràs-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
Yorgos Tzedopoulos - Time Heritage, Greece
Zofia Gródek Szostak - Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Poland
Editorial Coordination
José Álvarez-García - University of Extremadura, Spain
Martín Gómez-Ullate - University of Extremadura, Spain
Luis Ochoa Siguencia - The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice,
Poland
María de la Cruz del Río-Rama - University of Vigo, Spain
Organizing Committee
Francesco Zaralli - Futuro Digitale, Italy
Marco de Cave - Futuro Digitale, Italy
Angelo Cioet
Collaborators and Sponsors
This International Conference is organized by Cultour+ Strategic Partnership (KA203):
- Universidad de Extremadura
- Futuro Digitale
- Fundacja "Instytut Badan i Innowacji w Edukacji"
- Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
- Time Heritage - Afroditi Kamara & Co
- European Grants International Academy S.R.L.
- Varna Free University
- Câmara Municipal de S. Pedro do Sul
- Radomska Szkola Wyzsza
and co-funded by the Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union
Endorsers
- Associazione Cammino dei Dodici
- Economía Creativa Consultancy
- Fondazione R. Caetani
- Federculture
- Via Francigena del Sud Committee
Layout: Research and Innovation in Education Institute [INBIE.PL]
Cover design: Renata Ochoa-Daderska
ISBN: 978-83-941533-5-9
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives
4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
How to cite:
Gómez-Ullate, M., Ochoa-Siguencia, L., Álvarez-García, J., Del Río-Rama, M. de la C.
(ed.). Cultural Management and Governance for European Thermal Tourism. “Creativity and
Innovation for cultural and tourism management in European Thermal Routes and Sites”
Cultour+ - Book of Abstracts. Czestochowa: Publishing House of the Research and
Innovation in Education Institute, 2017.
The full papers presented in this International Conference will be offered for publishing on the
Publishing House of the Research and Innovation in Education Institute. http://publisher.inbie.pl/
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The project Cultour+ is funded with support from the European Commission.
This publication and its content reflect the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held
responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.
Project title: Innovation and Capacity Building in Higher Education for Cultural Management, Hospitality and
Sustainable Tourism in European Cultural Routes [Cultour+]
Identifier: 2015-1-ES01-KA203-016142
Website: http://www.cultourplus.info/
Start Year: 2015
Country: Spain, Poland, Portugal, Italy, Greece, Bulgaria
Key Action: Cooperation for Innovation and the Exchange of Good Practices
Action Type: Strategic Partnerships for Higher Education
LEGAL NOTICE
The publisher is not responsible for the use which might be made of the following information.
The text has not been proof-read and the authors (presenters) assume sole responsibility for any errors.
The text appearing in this collection are available in the home page of Research and Innovation in Education
Institute [http://publisher.inbie.pl/]
PRINTED IN POLAND
Cultural Management and Governance for
European Thermal Tourism
Creativity and Innovation for Cultural and
Tourism Management in European
Thermal Routes and Sites
Book of Abstracts
Edited by
MARTÍN GÓMEZ-ULLATE
University of Extremadura, Spain
LUIS OCHOA-SIGUENCIA
The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Poland
JOSÉ ÁLVAREZ-GARCÍA
University of Extremadura, Spain
MARÍA DE LA CRUZ DEL RÍO-RAMA
University of Vigo, Spain
Publisher
Research and Innovation in Education Institute [INBIE]
Czecha 13 lok.14. 42-244 Czestochowa – Poland
Distribution: http://publisher.inbie.pl e-mail: [email protected]
Czestochowa, 2017
Book of Abstracts
1
Contents
INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 3
ABSTRACTS ............................................................................................................................. 5
Panel 1. Thermal Tourism ......................................................................................................... 7
The Thermal Heritage of Europe Atlas. European Thermal Heritage Association EHTTA ... 9
The Thermal City of Chaves Promotes a Multiproduct Proposal for Visitors that Combines
Water, Culture and Education ............................................................................................... 11
Thermalism in Greece: An Old Cultural Habitus in Crisis ................................................... 13
Recursos Museográficos y Nuevas Tecnologías en los Espacios Termales. El caso del
Centro de Interpretación de “El Lavadero” en Alange ......................................................... 18
El Programa de Termalismo Social del Imserso a la Luz de un Modelo de Análisis
Matemático/The Imserso Social Hydrotherapy Program as a Model of Mathematical
Analysis ................................................................................................................................ 21
Health and Thermal Resort Cycling in the Kłodzko Region - Poland ................................ 23
Panel 2. Thermal Tourism Management ................................................................................. 25
Factors Determining Tourists’ Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction of Thermal Hotel Food and
Beverage Services ................................................................................................................. 27
Therapeutic Indications of Thermal Waters in Psoriasis ...................................................... 30
Gestión de un Balneario con una Propiedad muy Peculiar: Baños de Montemayor un
Balneario de todos ................................................................................................................ 33
Health and Thermal Resort Cycling in the Kłodzko Region - Poland ................................ 34
Accessibility of Disabled People at Cultural Heritage Sites in Thermal Areas with
Sustainability Applications ................................................................................................... 36
Aguas Termales de Argentina: una Opción de Turismo Saludable....................................... 38
Ruta del Agua - Yaku Ñambi en la Amazonia Ecuatoriana .................................................. 39
The Impact of Entrepreneurship in the Field of Thermal Tourism on Regional Development
– the Case of Małopolskie Voivodship ................................................................................. 43
Book of Abstracts
3
INTRODUCTION
Cultural Management and Governance for European Thermal Tourism.
Creativity and Innovation for cultural and tourism management in
European Thermal Routes and Sites
Cori, Italy, 6 November 2017
This congress gathered world experts in cultural management and tourism management in
Cultural Routes and sites. It has a special interest in consider sustainable cultural tourism as
local development and a source of quality employment opportunities. So entrepreneurship,
and entrepreneurship education are considered also under panels in this congress.
While private cultural management is a focus, networking between stakeholders and good
practices on governance for the cultural routes are also main objectives of the conference.
The conference will have a special focus on two of the most important European cultural
routes for pilgrimage and religious tourism: the St. James Way and the Via Francigena.
This is a 21st Century Conference. Cultour+ encourages virtual participation and warrantee
the media and testing to have a fluid virtual/presential mixture.
Our international conference is closely related with another International Conference on
Tourism that will take place in Cori, 3rd
-4Th November 2017, dedicated to “Cultural
Management and Governance for European Pilgrimage Routes and Religious
Tourism”. (http://eventos.unex.es/go/cori2).
The editors
Martín Gómez-Ullate, University of Extremadura, Spain
Luis Ochoa-Siguencia, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice,
Poland
José Álvarez-García, University of Extremadura, Spain
María de la Cruz del Río-Rama, University of Vigo, Spain
Book of Abstracts
5
ABSTRACTS
Bergamo, 2017 Oil on canvas
Renata Ochoa-Daderska
Book of Abstracts
7
Panel 1. Thermal Tourism
Book of Abstracts
9
The Thermal Heritage of Europe Atlas. European Thermal
Heritage Association EHTTA
Juan Mario Crecente Maseda
PhD Architect. Vice_president Scientific Committee EHTTA
ABSTRACT
The European Historic Thermal Towns Association (EHTTA) was founded in Brussels on 10
December 2009 by the cities of Acqui Terme (Italy), Bath (United Kingdom), Ourense
(Spain), Salsomaggiore (Italy), Spa (Belgium), and Vichy (France). The objective of the
Association is to form a network of towns that boast a recognised thermal tradition, and a rich
thermal heritage, with the aim of enhancing their history as well as safeguarding and
protecting their cultural heritage, whilst defining promotion policies, creative and innovative
activities.
Nowadays, EHTTA represents a European network of 41 active and associate members from
15 different European countries. These cities have a rich and diverse architectural heritage,
and their thermal mineral waters are renowned throughout Europe. Collectively, since 2010,
the member towns of the EHTTA are an integral part of the Cultural Route of Historic
Thermal Towns, one of the 31 cultural routes recognized by the Council of Europe.
We understand the Thermal European Heritage, as represented by natural, cultural and
intangible resources, has historically been applied to the objective of promoting health and
wellbeing. The combination of precious and limited natural resources as represented by the
phenomena of natural mineral and thermal water and its traditional uses developed to modern
medical care and treatments with the exceptional architectural heritage, urban and landscape
design and cultural immaterial heritage as arts and sciences resulted in the origin of the
tourism industry as we know today. These values are manifested in thermal cities, towns and
villages across Europe, expressing aspirations of a new society which spans different époques
and cultures, all based on the ultimate objective of thermalism: being the health of citizens
and visitors alike. This constitutes a principal part of a common European heritage that is
present in every country and nation.
The Thermal Heritage of Europe Atlas is an initiative for the study and dissemination of the
Thermal Heritage of Europe. This initiative was born in the Scientific Committee of the
European Historic Thermal Towns Association and the European Route of Historical Thermal
Towns. The project has been developed by a multidisciplinary team of experts in thermalism,
heritage, landscape, urbanism and tourism. This database is structured in a Geographic
Information System and organized around 15 categories (municipality, springs, fountains,
spas, hotels, villas, leisure, landscape, services, industry, research, immaterial, events, image
and tourism). The result will be a dynamic and user friendly mechanism through which to
Cultural Management and Governance for European Thermal Tourism
10
consult essential data concerning the historic thermal and mineral water towns of within the
European Council boundaries.
The prototype study has been developed initially for the cities of Bath in United Kingdom,
Caldas da Rainha in Portugal and Mondariz Balneario in Spain, representing three very
different cases of thermal towns by scale, history and typology, in a pilot project to test and
prove the data model.
The year 2018, declared the European Year of Cultural Heritage (EYCH2018) by Council and
European Parliament, aims to encourage people to explore Europe's rich and diverse cultural
heritage, as well as to celebrate, understand and protect its unique value and to reflect on the
place that cultural heritage occupies in all our lives. In this context, Thermal Heritage, one of
the foundation stones of European culture, has a unique opportunity to make visible its role as
key instrument in the creation of a common sense of European identity.
KEY WORDS
Thermal Heritage of Europe Atlas, Thermal European Heritage, Cultural Route of Historic
Thermal Towns.
Book of Abstracts
11
The Thermal City of Chaves Promotes a Multiproduct Proposal
for Visitors that Combines Water, Culture and Education
Veronika Joukes
University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD)
Centre for Transdisciplinary Development Studies (CETRAD)
ABSTRACT
Purpose: The analysis of the synergies occurring over recent decades to promote tourism in
Chaves unveiled an innovative combination: three dimensions – water, culture and education
– are joint.
Methodology: Combining desk and field research, we noticed that Chaves has been
consistent in the promotion of cultural and thermal tourism over the last decades, and that
more recently a third dimension has been added: educational tourism. We want to deepen our
insights in this original multiproduct proposal for visitors.
Major results: Chaves, a medium-sized border town in North Portugal, promotes itself now
explicitly with Verin on the Spanish side of the border as the ‘Eurocity of Water’. Therefore
we start with an analysis of this unique resource under the format of natural mineral water and
river water. There are about a dozen natural mineral water springs in the area. Some where the
reason for the construction of what were once the largest Roman medicinal baths in the
Iberian Peninsula. This complex is now being transformed into a museum. Less than 20 km to
the south of Chaves are the springs of Vidago, with a marvellous belle époque hotel
constructed in 1908, which reopened in 2010 after a complete restoration and the addition of a
new spa, designed by the top architect Álvaro Siza Vieira. Besides this private investment, the
Town Council of Chaves financed in the same parish, at not even 1 kilometre distance, the
Pedagogical Spa for the Research and Development of Spa Practices. This completely new
spa was fitted into the former local railway station and opened its doors in June 2016. Finally,
the Tâmega River which runs through Chaves is mentioned.
As for the heritage of Chaves, it is rich and diversified. Material and immaterial traces allow
us to follow the course of millennia of history. They represent the solid traditional pillar of the
tourism offer of Chaves.
Formal education is well represented in Chaves and functions fine. What is now being done
on a more regular basis, is transforming the cultural and thermal heritage into an effective
educational tool for formal, non-formal and informal education through the creation of routes.
Apart from the typical cultural routes, visitors can also “do” the Caminho Português Interior
de Santiago (Portuguese Inland Way of Saint James), the thermal and water route Verín–
Cultural Management and Governance for European Thermal Tourism
12
Chaves–Vidago, the ‘Smuggling Route’, the ‘Eco-way of the Tâmega River’, or even a
mountain bike trail linking the frontier fortresses.
Implications: It is concluded that focusing on the triad ‘water, culture and education’ offers
an innovative multiproduct proposal that allows the Town Council to develop not just tourism
in Chaves but also the local economy in general.
KEYWORDS
Spa Tourism, Thermal Tourism, Cultural Tourism, Local Resources, Routes, Local
Development.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This work is supported by European Structural and Investment Funds in the FEDER
component, through the Operational Competitiveness and Internationalization Programme
(COMPETE 2020) [Project No. 006971 (UID/SOC/04011)]. It is part of the European project
“CULTOUR+ Innovation and Capacity Building in Higher Education for Cultural
Management, Hospitality and Sustainable Tourism in European Cultural Routes” with
contract number 2015-1-ES01-KA203-016142. This work receives additional support from
national funds, through the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under
the project UID/SOC/04011/2013.
Book of Abstracts
13
Thermalism in Greece: An Old Cultural Habitus in Crisis
Dr. Yorgos Tzedopoulos
Modern Greek History,
Heritage Studies and Management
Dr. Afriditi Kamara
Ancient Greek History,
Heritage Studies and Management
Dr. Kleopatra Ferla
Ancient Greek History,
Heritage Studies and Management
MA Despoina Lampada
Art History,
Heritage Studies and Management
ABSTRACT
Greece is considered one of the cradles of thermalism. In antiquity, Greeks and (particularly)
Romans turned some of its numerous thermal springs into centres of worship for Asclepius,
the god of medicine and healing, and the Nymphs. The cultic practices, which aimed at
providing cure for the ailing believers who visited the shrines, included bathing in the waters
of the thermal springs. The rise of Christianity provoked a set back from this tradition as the
springs were gradually bereft of their religious meaning and miraculous properties. At the
same time, bathing in general became suspicious of hedonism and neglect of one’s spiritual
duties. Bathing regained its religious meaning under the Muslim Ottoman Empire, as it was
seen as a means for the believers’ purification of body and mind; thus, it entered into the
everyday culture of Muslims and Christians alike. Thermal bathing establishments in were
founded under the patronage of high-ranking officials or the sultan himself and played a
distinctive role in Ottoman urban culture.
Thermalism, in the sense of the therapeutic use of hot springs based on secular scientific
analysis, emerged in the modern period. Its lever was the emergence of a secular culture of
physical well-being, cure and recreation among the aristocratic and bourgeois social strata that
were engaged in leisure activities. In modern Greece thermalism developed from the mid-19th
century onwards, when the thermal springs of Ypati, Kyllini, Loutra Kaiafa and Loutraki
began to be used for therapy treatments. Towards the end of the century the Greek state leased
some of the springs to private persons. However, due to the vagueness of the legal framework
T.I.M.E. Heritage, Services and Consultancy for Heritage Management, Enhancement and Protection:
http://timeheritage.gr/, [email protected].
Cultural Management and Governance for European Thermal Tourism
14
and to the lack of consistent development strategies in the framework of a national economy,
the infrastructure remained virtually non-existent.
Things changed in the mid-war period: in the 1920s were defined the methods for the
scientific analysis of the spring waters, the classification of the springs, and the necessary
infrastructure for their effective use. The number of spa visitors rose gradually and
thermalism came to constitute the main touristic branch in Greece.
Thermalism underwent a qualitative and quantitative transformation in the post-war decades,
as infrastructure was improved and the exploitation of thermal springs was included
effectively within a national plan for tourism development. From 1950 to 1964 the number of
visitors in Greek thermal establishments grew from little more than 100,000 to little less than
150,000 annually and reached its peak in the mid-1980s (around 170.000). The most
important contribution to the rise of the thermalists’ numbers was the inclusion of thermal
baths in the social insurance system, a fact that put the emphasis rather on curative than on
well-being thermalism.
From the mid-1980s, the rise of thermalism came to a halt and was followed by a decline.
This was the outcome of a shift in consumption patterns and leisure practices that had already
taken place at least since the 1960s, when a new sun and sea bathing culture became dominant
in the post-war generations. In what concerns thermalism, the shift showed only when these
generations came to middle age.
The relative decline in the use of thermal establishments continued in the next decade. In the
first 15 years of the 21st century, however, the Greek state re-organized the legal framework
(2006) in order to promote thermalism and facilitate the exploitation of thermal springs in the
direction of thermal tourism, signaling thus a depart from “classic” balneotherapy. These
developments coincided with a further shift in consumption models and practices. A new
generation from the middle and higher urban social strata became the cradle for the formation
of a culture of individualistic self-fashioning, well-being, fitness, and new-age relaxation
practices. This had its impact on thermalism, which thus underwent a slow transition from
medical treatment into a phase of well-being, self-promotion, and sensory experience. In
Greece, some of the old luxurious establishments in spa towns were renovated and started to
offer complete packages of wellness services in addition to “traditional” spa activities.
The emergence of new thermalism services led to a new rise in the number of visitors. From
2009, however, the outbreak of the economic and financial crisis, provoked a dramatic
decrease. On the first hand, the social insurance funds made substantial cuts in services
regarding the number of beneficiaries, the duration of the thermal cure, the access to thermal
establishments irrespectively of their geographic position, and the list of illnesses and
ailments covered; on the second hand, the crisis led to a consumption drop that reduced the
number of visitors who were not beneficiaries of the social insurance system.
The paper discusses the multiple aspects of thermalism in today’s Greece within the
framework of European developments. It is based on recent scientific publications that
Book of Abstracts
15
explore the quantitative and qualitative factors of thermal tourism within the framework of
management studies, heritage studies, and social anthropology; on an overview of Greek and
EU-based initiatives for the promotion of thermalism as a form of cultural tourism and for the
creation of networks and routes connecting European thermal centres; and on the findings of a
survey in Greek thermal baths undertaken within the framework of the project Cultour+. The
paper explores the functions and the implications of the duality of “curative” and “wellbeing”
thermalism, as well as its connection with development and management prospects,
socioeconomic stratification, and cultural identities. This research goal is pursued through a
viewpoint that puts thermal bathing as a sociocultural habitus in its historical perspective and
thus has a better view of its dynamics and transformations in time.
KEY WORDS
Thermal Tourism, Cultural Tourism, Social and Cultural History, Heritage Management,
Sociocultural Identities, Cultural Routes.
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Book of Abstracts
17
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
History, cultural transformations and social functions of bathing in thermal springs in
Greece.
The emergence and development of thermal tourism in Greece in the context of European
modernity in the 19th
and 20th
centuries.
The impact of the economic and financial crisis on Greek thermalism.
Socio-cultural considerations and prospects of Greek thermalism in the context of the EU.
Cultural Management and Governance for European Thermal Tourism
18
Recursos Museográficos y Nuevas Tecnologías en los Espacios
Termales. El caso del Centro de Interpretación de “El Lavadero”
en Alange
Juan Diego Carmona Barrero Arkeographos H&K, Spain
RESUMEN
El agua, elemento que constituye uno de los recursos clave para el mantenimiento de la vida,
cobra en Alange un significado diferente al de otros lugares del entorno. En Alange, el agua
ha sido y es un recurso para el desarrollo agrícola, antes proporcionando agua a sus huertas
desde los manantiales y ríos y hoy abasteciendo grandes zonas de riego de las Vegas Bajas
del Guadiana; ha sido y es fuente de riqueza gracias al tejido empresarial que gira en torno al
balneario y ha sido y es fuente de salud gracias a las características minero-medicinales de su
manantial. Por todo ello consideramos que esta es la población ideal para mostrar, en un
espacio habilitado para ello, como el hombre ha explotado este recurso que la naturaleza ha
puesto en sus manos.
El proyecto procura la puesta en valor de un bien patrimonial caído en desuso hace unos años.
El espacio a recuperar se trata de un antiguo lavadero municipal que aprovechaba las aguas
sobrantes del manantial del Balneario de Alange. En dicho espacio y su entorno, las
referencias directas a su funcionalidad se remontan al siglo XVIII, convirtiéndose por su
singularidad dentro del tejido urbano de la población en un elemento de gran valor
etnográfico.
De manera paradójica, el agua ha cubierto aquellos recursos que el hombre ideó para
aprovecharse de ella. Así embalses como el de Alange o el de los Molinos en Hornachos, han
cubierto buena parte de aquellas construcciones que a orillas del rio Matachel, aprovechaban
la fuerza del agua para moler grano o su abundancia para regar las fértiles vegas.
La creación de este Centro de Interpretación, permite recuperar, dar a conocer a quienes no
pudieron verlos, aquellos recursos que, aunque hoy anegados, durante siglos se comportaron
como uno de los pilares de la economía comarcal. La recuperación de este espacio se realiza
con una intervención de visibilidad mínima que evite restar la originalidad al establecimiento,
procurando tan solo reforzar aquellos aspectos estéticos que le aportan un mayor “sabor”
etnográfico.
Book of Abstracts
19
La dotación de una panelería dividida en diferentes bloques temáticos, todos ellos
relacionados con los diversos sistemas de explotación de los recursos hídricos, permite al
visitante tomar contacto con formas de vida que ya han pasado a la historia o introducirse
visualmente en el interior de construcciones y artificios para entender su funcionamiento.
Aprovechando la proximidad del manantial que surte al balneario y a la conocida como
“fuente del baño” el lavadero municipal de Alange se ubica en la vertiente sur de la población
intrincándose en su trama urbana como un elemento mobiliario más. Se accede a él a través
de una pequeña plazoleta en la que antaño, el pilar central sirvió de abrevadero a los animales
de carga que salían hacia la zona oeste de Alange por el camino de Palomas.
La entrada al lavadero se hace salvando el desnivel mediante unas irregulares escaleras que se
adaptan a la orografía del terreno hasta llegar a una pequeña plataforma en cuyo centro se
sitúa una pileta de forma cuadrangular. Esta pileta es conocida tradicionalmente como el
“sacadero” y es el lugar donde se aclaraba la ropa una vez lavada. A ella llega el agua
directamente desde el manantial por una canalización que discurre por debajo de las escaleras
de acceso al lavadero. En el “sacadero” estaba prohibido el uso de jabones y detergentes, pues
era el lugar donde el agua se mantenía más limpia y por lo tanto el espacio más apropiado
para el aclarado final de la ropa.
En una segunda plataforma que ocupa la práctica totalidad del recinto, se encuentra el
lavadero, un gran depósito de agua de planta rectangular, en torno al cual, situadas en el borde
y con pendiente hacia el interior se disponen una serie de lajas de piedra, en su mayoría
cuarcitas procedentes del entorno. Estas piedras, que sirven como apoyo para frotar las
prendas que se lavaban, se sitúan a nivel del suelo, con lo que, al contrario que ocurre en otros
lavaderos, la faena había que realizarla de rodillas e inclinándose sobre la piedra. Pese a que
pueda parecer más incómodo, esta posición presentaba la ventaja de que al dejar caer el
cuerpo sobre las manos que se apoyaban en las piedras, la presión ejercida sobre la ropa que
se lavaba era mucho mayor que si se realizaba el lavado de pie. En el extremo opuesto a la
entrada de agua, un aliviadero desagua manteniendo constante el nivel del lavadero. Las aguas
sobrantes discurrían hasta las cercanas huertas donde se utilizaban para el riego.
El proyecto se destina a diferentes tipos de visitantes: Visitantes, individuales o en pequeños
grupos que llegan de otras regiones y no conocen el patrimonio de la zona; Grupos de
escolares que llegan mediante excursiones organizadas desde diferentes colegios tanto de la
comarca como de fuera de ella; Grupos de estudiantes de Secundaria para profundizar en el
conocimiento de las tecnologías empleadas.
Con el desarrollo de un Plan de Gestión del Centro de Interpretación y su vinculación a
Oficinas de Turismo de la Comarca así como a centros de enseñanza, se garantizaría una
afluencia de visitantes jóvenes que se complementaría con las visitas particulares.
PALABRAS CLAVES
Museografía, Alange, Balneario, Agua.
Cultural Management and Governance for European Thermal Tourism
20
REFERENCIAS
Calero Carretero, J. A y Carmona Barrero, J. D. 2013: Propuesta de interpretación de algunos
espacios de las termas de Alange (Badajoz) en función de los últimos hallazgos realizados.
XVIII CIAC: Centro y periferia en el mundo clásico. Mérida: En prensa.
Calero Carretero, J. A., y Carmona Barrero, J. D. 2008: La ilustración arqueológica: Análisis
de diversas interpretaciones del "Balneum" de Alange (Badajoz). Junta de Extremadura:
Consejería de Educación. 521-535
Calero Carretero, J. A., y Carmona Barrero, J. D. 2007: Memoria del seguimiento
arqueológico de las obras del túnel Hotel Aqualange-Termas. Memoria inédita.
Carmona Barrero, J. D. (1999). AQVAE (Análisis del desarrollo Histórico-Arquitectónico de
Alange y sus baños romanos). Almendralejo. Caja Rural de Almendralejo.
Carmona Barrero, J. D., y Calero Carretero, J. 2014: Recrear para entender: Una propuesta de
reconstrucción de las termas de Alange (Badajoz). In: XVIII CIAC: Centro y periferia en el
mundo clásico. Mérida: En prensa.
Carmona Barrero, J. D., y Calero Carretero, J. A. 2013: D. Mariano de Madramany y su
"Breve discurso sobre los baños termales que tuvieron los romanos cerca de Alange de
Extremadura. Partido de Mérida". Asociación Histórica de Almendralejo.
Carmona Barrero, J. D., y Calero Carretero, J. A. 2012: Sociedad y cultura en Los Baños de
Alange a través de la prensa de la época. Asociación Histórica de Almendralejo.
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
Revitalización de un espacio en desuso.
Creación de un ámbito que reúna información sobre las diferentes formas de explotación
de los recursos hídricos en la comarca a lo largo de la historia.
Creación de un punto de partida a posibles rutas temáticas a nivel local y comarcal cuyo
eje vertebrador sea el agua.
Punto de partida para la futura creación de un corredor natural a través la cuenca del rio
Matachel.
Ampliación de los recursos turísticos de la zona.
Difusión de los valores patrimoniales y culturales de la comarca.
Educación ambiental entre los visitantes.
Concienciación de la necesidad de conservar aquellos recursos todavía son visibles.
Book of Abstracts
21
El Programa de Termalismo Social del Imserso a la Luz de un
Modelo de Análisis Matemático/The Imserso Social Hydrotherapy
Program as a Model of Mathematical Analysis
Pedro Corcho Sánchez
University of Extremadura - UEX, España
RESUMEN
Cerca de 200.000 personas se beneficiaron durante el 2016 del Programa de Termalismo
Saludable en casi los 100 balnearios participantes en España.
El Instituto de Mayores y Servicios Sociales (IMSERSO), presenta cada año una amplia
oferta que tiene como fin mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas mayores a través de la
cura termal vida y atenuar los síntomas de sus dolencias,
El principal objetivo de este Programa es ofrecer tratamientos termales a los pensionistas del
sistema de la Seguridad Social, a precios reducidos, contribuyendo a prevenir, rehabilitar y
recuperar funciones y evitar otros tratamientos más lesivos.
Como segundo objetivo del Programa, se pretende potenciar el desarrollo económico de las
zonas que rodean a los balnearios contribuyendo a la creación y mantenimiento del empleo,
así como a la mejora y modernización de la infraestructura de instalaciones de las estaciones
termales.
Pretendemos presentar un análisis de las cifras y datos que se manejan dentro de este
programa a lo largo del año 2016.
PALABRAS CLAVES
Termalismo, Estadísticas, Impacto Turístico.
KEY WORDS
Thermalism, Stats, Tourist impact-
REFERENCIAS
Martínez Moure, O. (2008): "El Programa de Termalismo Social del IMSERSO: la promoción
del turismo activo en la tercera edad a través del agua. El caso de Galicia". Revista Medicina
Naturista. ISSN: 1576-3080, Vol. 2, Nº2, págs: 97-101
Cultural Management and Governance for European Thermal Tourism
22
Martínez Moure, O. (2010). "Estudio de la sensación de mejoría de una población balnearia
de la tercera edad tras la cura termal: Balneario de Molgas-Baños de Molgas, 2010". Revista
Medicina Naturista. ISSN: 1576-3080, VOL. 4, Nº2-2010, Páginas 37-42.
Martínez Moure, Olga (2012). Balnearios de Galicia. Estudio antropológico y sociosanitario
del Programa de Termalismo Social del IMSERSO. Madrid, Ediciones del Orto.
Saz Peiró, Pablo; Ortiz Lucas, María y Martínez Moure, Olga (2011). “Programa de
Termalismo Social del IMSERSO en Galicia y Aragón (España). Evolución reciente de plazas
y balnearios (2008-2010)”, Revista Multidisciplinar de Gerontología, 21 (3), 127-134.
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
Presentamos un análisis de las cifras y datos que se manejan dentro de este programa a lo
largo del año 2016.
Analizamos los datos más relevantes para conocer la evolución turística y las dinámicas
de los distintos balnearios que participan en el programa.
Contrastar el impacto turístico de las ciudades participantes con las estadísticas
municipales y los indicadores de economía y empleo
Book of Abstracts
23
Health and Thermal Resort Cycling in the
Kłodzko Region - Poland
Grzegorz Mikrut Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego im. Jerzego Kukuczki w Katowicach
Luis Ochoa Siguencia
Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego w Katowicach – Poland
Renata Ochoa-Daderska
Research and Innovation in Education Institute – Poland
ABSTRACT
Classification of tourist attractions of the area is the basis for the separation of the thematic
cycling tourism.
This material proves how the application of the thematic criterion changes the view of cycling
tourism, while expanding the target group of its consumers.
In The Kłodzko Region there are two regional tectonic fractures system. In the first system
(NS-SE) there are two deep fractures: Buszyński and Karkonoski fractures; within
Karkonoski fractures incoming medicinal waters in Kudowa, Jeleniów and Duszniki Zdrój.
Moreover, in Krosnowice a thermal water was found too.
This article presents the criteria for developing a bicycle tourism offer based on both the
needs of the consumer as well as the region's potential regarding the number and variety of
thermal and medicinal water tourist attractions.
KEY WORDS
Kłodzko Land, Health Tourism, Cycling Tourism, Tourism Management.
REFERENCES
Bruszewska B., 2000 - Warunki geotermiczne Dolnego Śląska. Prz. Geol. vol. 48, ss. 639-
643.
Ciężkowski W., 1990 - Studium hydro geochemii wód leczniczych Sudetów polskich. Pr.
Nauk. Inst. Geotech. Polit. Wrocł. nr 60, ser. 19.
Cultural Management and Governance for European Thermal Tourism
24
Dowgiałło J., 2001 - Sudecki region geotermalny - określenie, podział, perspektywy
poszukiwawcze. [W:] Współczesne Problemy Hydrogeologii vol. 10, ss. 301-308
Mikrut G., Mueller K., Bike maraton: cykl powszechnych maratonów rowerowych MBT, UK
P J&D Gebka, Gliwice 2007, ISBN 978-83-60837-05-4
Mikrut G., Hadzik A., Rola i tendencje rozwoju uzdrowisk w Polsce: wybrane zagadnienia,
BP Sensus, Kraków 2009, ISBN 978-83-61423-00-3
Mikrut G., Pawełczyk M., Wybrane zawody prawnicze na tle kultury fizycznej, C-R
S.Stasiak, Katowice 2012, ISBN 978-83-63030-04-9
Opara J., Kucio C., Mikrut G., Standardy bioetyczne badań naukowych w naukach o kulturze
fizycznej, Fizjoterapia. - T. 15, nr 4 (2007), AWF, Wrocław, 3-10.
Mikrut G., Sobota G., Maratony rowerowe MTB jako forma sportu i aktywnej turystyki (w:)
Teoretyczne i empiryczne zagadnienia rekreacji i turystyki, AWF, Katowice, 2008, 201-215
Mikrut G., Jarek W., Ochrona informacji w przedsiębiorstwie turystycznym (W :) Turystyka a
prawo, WSTiE, Sucha Beskidzka/Kraków, 2008, 331-343.
Mikrut G., Świadczenie pomocy prawnej przez radców prawnych i adwokatów dla
środowiska kultury fizycznej (W :) Publicznoprawny status radcy prawnego, WIRP,
Warszawa, 2012, 145-167.
Mikrut G., Barcik A., Wykorzystanie walorów Żywiecczyzny dla infrastruktury turystyki
rowerowej (W :) Ekonomiczno-organizacyjne problemy działalności turystycznej
w regionach, AWF, Katowice, 2013, 200-226.
Mikrut G., Barcik A., Rowerowe wellness Żywiecczyzny (W :) Wellness jako formy kultury
fizycznej i turystyki AWF, Katowice, 2013, 91-126.
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
Health and Thermal resorts in the Kłodzko Region.
Principles of area selection for thematic cycling tourism.
Development of a framework for spa tourism.
Assessment of Kłodzko Land for cycling tourism.
The impact of the diversity of tourist values on the offer of bicycle tour operators.
Book of Abstracts
25
Panel 2. Thermal Tourism Management
Book of Abstracts
27
Factors Determining Tourists’ Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction of
Thermal Hotel Food and Beverage Services
Ozan KAYA
Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, TURKEY
ABSTRACT
The rising tendency in global tourism demand and revenues has led to developed and
developing countries to take tourism into their agenda to receive more tourists and tourism
income. Similarly, today's tourism professionals also focus upon alternative types of tourism
by creating product diversification away from sea-sun-sand-based tourism (Kaya, 2017).
Thermal tourism, which has seen significant developments throughout the world in recent
years, has emerged from this situation.
Thermal springs have been used for having a healthy life for thousands of years (LaMoreaux,
2005). Today, thermal spring waters are used to treat discomforts, reduce stress levels, and
maintain beauty and well-being (Erfurt-Cooper and Cooper, 2009). Therefore, the alternative
uses of thermal waters are important in today's tourism industry. To support this, there is a
consensus among researchers that health and health-related tourism activities and tourism
movements are on the rise (Harmsworth, 2004; Gligorijevic and Petrovic, 2010; Hudson and
Li, 2012).
With the increase in the tourism demand and supply of the thermal tourism, the competition
has been intensified. The thermal hotels offer both the services provided by the classical hotel
companies and the health and special services required by thermal tourism. Especially, the
types of services offered by thermal hotels and the contents of these very services are very
different and important for the thermal tourists. In this respect, the increasing demand for
thermal hotels and the increasing number of thermal hotels reveal the necessity of products
and services that are not possible to be imitated by their competitors. Within this context, food
and beverage services in thermal hotels are one of the most important factors for the thermal
tourists due to their basic and special nutritional needs for thermal tourists’ health conditions
(Giritlioglu, Jones and Avcıkurt, 2014).
Therefore, the main purpose of the study is to reveal the factors affecting the tourists’
satisfaction or dissatisfaction in food and beverage (F&B) services in thermal hotels. Once
these factors being known by the thermal hotel management, the management will be able to
compete with their competitors by having the opportunity to offer unique experiences to their
customers.
As well known, customer satisfaction or dissatisfaction arises from a consequence of
consumers’ after-consumption evaluation with consumers' product-related expectations.
Today, one of the most practical ways to achieve this is to check online reviews. Therefore,
Cultural Management and Governance for European Thermal Tourism
28
online travel reviews are emerging as a powerful source of information affecting tourists’ pre-
purchase evaluation of a hotel organization (Browning, So and Sparks, 2013). And these
reviews show the hotel departments directly making tourists satisfied or dissatisfied (Gretzel
and Yoo, 2008).
In this study, a document analysis technique was used as a quantitative method. The research
analyzed and evaluated the traveler reviews about the F&B services provided by the thermal
hotels on TripAdvisor. The reason for TripAdvisor was chosen because it is one of the
leaders in social media traveler content providing reviews of hotel, places, and restaurants. In
2017, Trip Advisor’s official page posted more than 500 million reviews and more than 390
million travelers using the page (TripAdvisor, 2017).
The sample of the study include 4 or 5 star thermal hotels operating in Denizli, Turkey,
According to the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey, there are one 4
star and six 5 star thermal hotels operating in Denizli (Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the
Republic of Turkey, 2017). All the hotels are registered with Trip Advisor, and the reviews of
all F & B services are accessible through Trip Advisor. For the research sample, 3573 online
reviews are obtained for the document analysis.
The findings clearly show the main areas of satisfaction of F&B services in the thermal hotels
as taste of food, employees, activities in the restaurants (e.g. live music) and quality of food.
However, the main areas where the online reviewers are not happy are the lack of variety of
food (lack of vegetarian menu, steak menu etc.), not enough capacity for restaurants (i.e.
crowdedness in restaurants), high price, not enough freshness of food.
KEY WORDS
Thermal Tourism, Tourist Satisfaction, Food and Beverage Services, Online Review.
REFERENCES
Browning, V., So, K. K. F. and Sparks, B. (2013). “The Influence of Online Reviews on
Consumers' Attributions of Service Quality and Control for Service Standards in Hotels”,
Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 30 (1-2): 23-40.
Erfurt-Cooper, P. and Cooper, M. (2009). Health and Wellness Tourism – Spas and Hot
Springs. Channel View Publications, Bristol.
Giritlioglu, I., Jones, E. and Avcikurt, C. (2014). "Measuring food and beverage service
quality in spa hotels: A case study in Balıkesir, Turkey", International Journal of
Contemporary Hospitality Management, 26(2):183-204.
Gligorijevic, Z. and Petrovic, J. (2010). “The position of Niska Banja (Nis Spa) in Serbian spa
tourism”, Economics and Organization, 17 (3): 309-317.
Book of Abstracts
29
Gretzel, U., Yoo, K.H. (2008). Use and Impact of Online Travel Reviews. In: O’Connor P.,
Höpken W., Gretzel U. (eds) Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2008.
Springer, Vienna.
Kaya, O. (2017). “Turistlerin Kruvaziyer Gemileri Yiyecek ve İçecek Hizmetlerinden
Beklenti ve Performans Düzeylerine İlişkin Bir Araştırma”, Jounal of tourism and gastronomy
studies, 5(2): 22-38.
Harmsworth, S. (2004). “The latest trends and developments in health and spa market”,
Insights, Vol 15: 173-178.
Hudson, S. and Li, X. (2012). “Domestic Medical Tourism: A Neglected Dimension of
Medical Tourism Research” Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 21, (3): 227 -
246.
Lamoreaux, P.E. (2005). “History and classification of springs”, Geological Society of
America Abstract with Programs, 37(7): 324.
Trip Advisor. (2017). About Trip advisor, Retrieved September 23, 2017, from:
https://tripadvisor.mediaroom.com/tr-about-us
The Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. (2017). Numbers of touristic
facilities in Turkey. Retrieved April 11, 2017, from:
http://yigm.kulturturizm.gov.tr/TR,9579/turizm-tesisleri.html
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
Thermal tourism is a great solution for destinations where look for alternative tourism
types.
Food and beverage services is one of the key factors on determining tourist’ overall
satisfaction in thermal hotels. The findings clearly show the main satisfaction areas of
F&B services in the thermal hotels as taste of food, employees, activities in the restaurants
(e.g. live music) and quality of food.
Dissatisfying factors in F&B services of the thermal hotels are lack of variety of food
(lack of vegetarian menu, steak menu etc.), not enough capacity for restaurants (i.e.
crowdedness in restaurants), high price, not enough freshness of food.
Cultural Management and Governance for European Thermal Tourism
30
Therapeutic Indications of Thermal Waters in Psoriasis
Joana Formoso
Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, Guarda
Ana Pereira
Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, Guarda
Márcio Rodrigues
Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, Guarda
Paula Coutinho
Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, Guarda
André RTS Araujo
Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, Guarda
ABSTRACT
Balneotherapy refers to the use of thermal waters which are characterized by their therapeutic
properties (Mikula, 2003). Despite the various therapeutic applications and recommendations
of the use of thermal waters, as prevention and/or treatment of diverse affections in the most
diverse areas, the development of scientific studies has made possible to confirm the capacity
of the thermal waters to improve certain cutaneous affections. Proof of this are the numerous
dermatological conditions that, when treated with balneotherapy or other treatments based on
thermal water, present results with a high percentage of success. These conditions include
eczema, psoriasis, ichthyosis, pruritus, burns and wound healing (Faílde and Mosqueira,
2006). The thermal waters may have varying effects on the skin, such as anti-inflammatory,
immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects (Laquieze et al., 2007). In fact, the use of thermal
waters is a practice that has been commonly used for the treatment of psoriasis for many
years. Thus, the main objective of this research work was to investigate and analyse clinical
studies, in which the use of thermal waters in the treatment of psoriasis alone or in
combination with other therapeutic modalities have been tested. Within this work, it was
intended to evaluate the type and location of psoriasis, type of clinical study, treatment and
duration, sample size, main therapeutic effects and relation with thermal water composition.
A research was carried out in the databases PubMed, B-on, Google Scholar, with several
research terms, among them, balneotherapy, balneophototherapy, clinical studies,
Book of Abstracts
31
phototherapy, psoriasis, thermal water/spa, having been found and analysed several scientific
articles of clinical studies involving the use of thermal waters in the treatment of psoriasis. It
was envisioned to encompass all the scientific evidence considering that only clinical studies
and using thermal waters or similar solutions were considered.
Considering that the existing pharmacological treatment, for symptomatic relief the topical
therapy may be useful, especially in cases of mild psoriasis. For moderate to severe psoriasis,
standardized medical therapies are those of systemic action and phototherapy. However, the
systemic treatment (methotrexate, cyclosporine, etc.) is associated with significant systemic
toxicity that should be well monitored (Carreira and D’Arrábida, 2014). Since psoriasis
treatment is still very complex and in some cases the therapies are not well tolerated by the
patient and there is still no known cure for psoriasis, the adoption of combination therapies is
frequently used to reduce the severity of symptoms and decrease their impact on the quality of
life of patients with psoriasis. The scientific evidence in clinical trials has demonstrated that
the use of balneotherapy alone and/or in combination with other treatments, using the thermal
waters of Avène (Merial-Kieny et al., 2011), Comano (Peroni et al., 2008), Kulaši (Baros et
al., 2014), Blue Lagoon (Eysteinsdóttir et al., 2014), Leopoldine (Tsoureli-Nikita et al.,
2002), , Dead Sea (Halevy et al., 1997), Rusanda (Golusin et al., 2015), Salies of Béarn
(Léauté-Labrèze et al., 2001 ) appear to have beneficial effects in most cases, namely at the
level of the severity and extent of psoriasis - Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (a parameter
that allows to evaluate the degree of erythema and desquamation of the affected skin area).
Balneotherapy alone and in combination with phototherapy and heliotherapy seem to be the
most common alternatives and for which there is scientific evidence that demonstrates the
added benefits of these therapies, being applied successfully many times in different
international centres for the treatment of psoriasis.
KEY WORDS
Balneotherapy, Balneophototherapy, Clinical Studies, Phototherapy, Psoriasis, Thermal
Water/Spa.
REFERENCES
Baros, D.N., Gajanin, V.S., Gajanin, R.B., Zrnić B. (2014). Comparative analysis of success
of psoriasis treatment with standard therapeutic modalities and balneotherapy. Medicinski
Pregled. 67 (5-6):154–160.
Carreira, M., D’Arrábida, C. M. (2014). Tratamento da psoríase com agentes biológicos no
doente adulto. Direção Geral da Saúde. 1-18.
Eysteinsdóttir, J.H., Ólafsson, J.H., Agnarsson, B.A., Lúðvíksson, B.R., Sigurgeirsson, B.
(2014). Psoriasis treatment: faster and long-standing results after bathing in geothermal
seawater. A randomized trial of three UVB phototherapy regimens. Photodermatology,
Photoimmunololy Photomedicine. 30(1):25–34.
Faílde, R., Mosqueira L. (2006). Afecciones dermatológicas y cosmética dermotermal. In
Técnicas y Tecnologias en Hidrologia Médica e Hidroterapia (175-194). Agencia de
Evaluación de Tecnologias Sanitárias - AETS.
Cultural Management and Governance for European Thermal Tourism
32
Golusin, Z., Jovanović, M., Magda, N., Stojanović, S., Matić, M. Petrović, A. (2015). Effects
of Rusanda Spa balneotherapy combined with calcipotriol on plaque psoriasis. Vojnosanitski
Pregled. 72(11):1010–1017.
Halevy, S., Giryes, H., Friger, M., Sukenik, S. (1997). Dead sea bath salt for the treatment of
psoriasis vulgaris: a double-blind controlled study. Journal of the European Academy of
Dermatology and Venereology. 9(3):237–242.
Laquieze, S., Czernielewski, J. Baltas, E. (2007). Beneficial use of Cetaphil® Moisturizing
Cream as part of a daily skin care regimen for individuals with rosacea. Journal of
Dermatological Treatment. 18(3):158–162.
Léauté-Labrèze, C., Saillour, F., Chêne, G., Cazenave, C., Luxey-Bellocq, M.L., Sanciaume,
C., Toussaint, J.F., Taïeb, A. (2001). Saline spa water or combined water and UV-B for
psoriasis vs conventional UV-B: Lessons from the Salies de Béarn randomized study.
Archives of Dermatology. 137(8):1035–1039.
Merial-Kieny, C., Mengual, X., Guerrero, D., Sibaud, V. (2011). Clinical efficacy of Avène
hydrotherapy measured in a large cohort of more than 10,000 atopic or psoriatic patients.
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 25 (suppl. 1): 30–34.
Mikula, C. (2003). Balneo-phototherapy: a new holistic approach to treating psoriasis. Journal
of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners. 15(6):253–9.
Peroni, A., Gisondi, P., Zanoni, M., Girolomoni, G. (2008). Balneotherapy for chronic plaque
psoriasis at Comano spa in Trentino, Italy. Dermatologic Therapy. 21 (suppl. 1) S31–38.
Tsoureli-Nikita, E., Menchini, G., Ghersetich, I., Hercogova, J. (2002). Alternative treatment
of psoriasis with balneotherapy using Leopoldine spa water. Journal of the European
Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 16(3):260–262.
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
Identification of the use of thermal waters in order to ameliorate certain cutaneous
affections
Research of clinical studies involving the use of thermal waters in the treatment of
psoriasis.
Demonstration of the thermal waters beneficial effects of Avène, Comano, Kulaši, Blue
Lagoon, Leopoldine, Levico and Vetriolo, Dead Sea, Rusanda and Salies of Béarn at the
level of the severity and extent of psoriasis - Psoriasis Area and Severity Index.
Balneotherapy alone and in combination with phototherapy and heliotherapy seem to be
the most common alternatives to the pharmacological treatment.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors acknowledge the financial support from FCT / MCTES through national funds
and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and by COMPETE
2020 under the research project "The development of dermo-biotechnological applications
using natural resources in the Beira and Serra da Estrela regions - DermoBio" with
no.023925, presented in the Notice for the Presentation of Applications No. 02 / SAICT /
2016 - Scientific Research and Technological Development Projects (IC & DT) in Co-
Promotion.
Book of Abstracts
33
Gestión de un Balneario con una Propiedad muy Peculiar: Baños
de Montemayor un Balneario de todos
Blanca Ramos Muñoz
RESUMEN
En esta exposición quiero mostrar una manera muy peculiar de gestionar un balneario con una
propiedad muy diferente a la que normalmente nos encontramos. El balneario de Baños de
Montemayor pertenece a todos los vecinos empadronados en la localidad. Una gestión que
con frecuencia origina conflictos pero que es un orgullo de todos.
La gran mayoría de los vecinos viven del turismo de esta localidad y el Balneario es la
principal fuente de ingresos y el motivo de la gran afluencia de visitantes al pueblo.
No se recibe ninguna compensación económica, pero los beneficios del balneario se invierten
y el patrimonio cada vez es mayor. Lo que hace que la gestión sea cada vez más complicada.
Todo el movimiento de dinero lo gestionan 7 vecinos (elegidos por votación) que por lo
general no tienen una formación adecuada.
Los datos aportados por PROBAÑOS (Asociación de Propietarios del Balneario), la dirección
del Balneario, los datos estadísticos de la oficina de turismo y muchas conversaciones con
propietarios de establecimientos hoteleros, me han llevado a comprender el motivo del
estancamiento en el que se encuentra Baños de Montemayor en la actualidad.
Como se ha repetido a lo largo de la historia de la localidad, en momentos complicados y de
cambios es fundamental mantenerse unidos. Y en estos momentos de la era digital es
importante la colaboración de todos para poder afrontar esta nueva etapa.
PUNTOS DESTACADOS
Análisis de la gestión particular de un Balneario “colectivo” y los conflictos que origina
esta forma de dirección.
Estudio de las necesidades actuales del mercado en Baños de Montemayor.
Desarrollo de una forma de trabajo más cooperativo para integrar todos los recursos que
dispone la población.
Exponemos una realidad que necesita cambiar para poder avanzar. Debemos adaptarnos a
los nuevos tiempos.
Cultural Management and Governance for European Thermal Tourism
34
Health and Thermal Resort Cycling in the
Kłodzko Region - Poland
Grzegorz Mikrut
Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego im. Jerzego Kukuczki w Katowicach
Luis Ochoa Siguencia
Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego w Katowicach – Poland
Renata Ochoa-Daderska
Research and Innovation in Education Institute – Poland
ABSTRACT
Classification of tourist attractions of the area is the basis for the separation of the thematic
cycling tourism.
This material proves how the application of the thematic criterion changes the view of cycling
tourism, while expanding the target group of its consumers.
In The Kłodzko Region there are two regional tectonic fractures system. In the first system
(NS-SE) there are two deep fractures: Buszyński and Karkonoski fractures; within
Karkonoski fractures incoming medicinal waters in Kudowa, Jeleniów and Duszniki Zdrój.
Moreover, in Krosnowice a thermal water was found too.
This article presents the criteria for developing a bicycle tourism offer based on both the
needs of the consumer as well as the region's potential regarding the number and variety of
thermal and medicinal water tourist attractions.
KEY WORDS
Kłodzko Land, Health Tourism, Cycling Tourism, Tourism Management.
REFERENCES
Bruszewska B., 2000 - Warunki geotermiczne Dolnego Śląska. Prz. Geol. vol. 48, ss. 639-
643.
Ciężkowski W., 1990 - Studium hydro geochemii wód leczniczych Sudetów polskich. Pr.
Nauk. Inst. Geotech. Polit. Wrocł. nr 60, ser. 19.
Dowgiałło J., 2001 - Sudecki region geotermalny - określenie, podział, perspektywy
poszukiwawcze. [W:] Współczesne Problemy Hydrogeologii vol. 10, ss. 301-308
Book of Abstracts
35
Mikrut G., Mueller K., Bike maraton: cykl powszechnych maratonów rowerowych MBT, UK
P J&D Gebka, Gliwice 2007, ISBN 978-83-60837-05-4
Mikrut G., Hadzik A., Rola i tendencje rozwoju uzdrowisk w Polsce: wybrane zagadnienia,
BP Sensus, Kraków 2009, ISBN 978-83-61423-00-3
Mikrut G., Pawełczyk M., Wybrane zawody prawnicze na tle kultury fizycznej, C-R
S.Stasiak, Katowice 2012, ISBN 978-83-63030-04-9
Opara J., Kucio C., Mikrut G., Standardy bioetyczne badań naukowych w naukach o kulturze
fizycznej, Fizjoterapia. - T. 15, nr 4 (2007), AWF, Wrocław, 3-10
Mikrut G., Sobota G., Maratony rowerowe MTB jako forma sportu i aktywnej turystyki (w:)
Teoretyczne i empiryczne zagadnienia rekreacji i turystyki, AWF, Katowice, 2008, 201-215
Mikrut G., Jarek W., Ochrona informacji w przedsiębiorstwie turystycznym (W :) Turystyka a
prawo, WSTiE, Sucha Beskidzka/Kraków, 2008, 331-343
Mikrut G., Świadczenie pomocy prawnej przez radców prawnych i adwokatów dla
środowiska kultury fizycznej (W :) Publicznoprawny status radcy prawnego, WIRP,
Warszawa, 2012, 145-167
Mikrut G., Barcik A., Wykorzystanie walorów Żywiecczyzny dla infrastruktury turystyki
rowerowej (W :) Ekonomiczno-organizacyjne problemy działalności turystycznej w
regionach, AWF, Katowice, 2013, 200-226
Mikrut G., Barcik A., Rowerowe wellness Żywiecczyzny (W :) Wellness jako formy kultury
fizycznej i turystyki AWF, Katowice, 2013, 91-126
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
Principles of area selection for thematic cycling tourism.
Development of a framework for spa tourism.
Assessment of Kłodzko Land for cycling tourism.
The impact of the diversity of tourist values on the offer of bicycle tour operators.
Cultural Management and Governance for European Thermal Tourism
36
Accessibility of Disabled People at Cultural Heritage Sites in
Thermal Areas with Sustainability Applications
Naci Polat
Pamukkale University, Turkey
ABSTRACT
Purpose of the Study:
According to the findings of Turkish Travel Agencies Association (TURSAB, 2008) disabled
people cannot enjoy tourism because of many reasons. Some of them are as follows:
- There is no enough capacity at urban transport for disabled people
- Cultural attractions and museums are not properly designed
- There are no free parking areas
- Infrastructure of heritage sites is not ready according the needs of disabled people
There are certain issues that public body needs to take into consideration in ensuring that
heritage site is accessible. This is time consuming procedure and it must be planned in
detailed programs. There must be mutual understanding between different stakeholders such
as disabled tourists, heritage workers, public authorities and heritage managements about
sustainable accessibility. In this study, these indicators will be generally created with the
common sense of different societal stakeholders.
Research Methodology:
There are three important issues such as usability, regulation and accessibility of heritage sites
proposing A group indicators which also cover social aspects. B group indicators will
underline technical points. A+ B group indicators will favor sustainable accessibility
indicators:
Usability: Indicators can be practicable where sustainability approach is taken into
consideration.
Regulation: It is possible to say that it is not easy to make the heritage fully accessible.
Following indicators must be discussed with disabled visitors, archeologists and heritage
planner. After that, it is important to implement them in whole area. If not, it is possible to
make the heritage partly accessible. Sustainability applications will help planners to reach a
harmony between accessibility and conservation.
Book of Abstracts
37
Public access: It is possible to apply these indicators to sites which are visited and managed
by official institutions with sufficient infrastructure. If there is no reliable infrastructure, there
would be safety problems for disabled people. Visitors must also involve into development of
better practices during the visit of heritage sites with different methods such as meetings and
conferences. Public access also covers awareness of visitors and evaluation of every visit
must be made by surveys after all.
Major Results and Implications
At the end of the paper, there will be some scenery of cultural and natural tourism attractions
such as Bokrij, Brugge, Tongeren, Ostende from research visits in Belgium which were
realized by the author between September and October 2015. Compact indicators can be used
public administrations in order to manage to develop more sustainable accessibility
infrastructure for disabled tourists.
As shortly described, there is a need for awareness for handicapped people within tourism
industry. As case example, there is a need to increase this awareness especially in and around
of Hierapolis-Pamukkale World Heritage site. Finding indicators and results will be adapted
to Pamukkale with thermal tourism resources by applying for some funding’s from European
Union and state owned agencies.
KEY WORDS
UNESCO World Heritage, Accessibility Indicators, Thermal Tourism
REFERENCES
Polat, N. & Hermans E. (2016). A model proposed for sustainable accessible tourism (SAT),
Tekhne- Review of Applied Management Studies 14, 125-133.
TURSAB (2008). Dünyada ve Türkiye’de Engelsiz Turizm Pazarı. Retrieved october 15,
2017, from https://www.tursab.org.tr/tr/engelsiz-turizm/dunyada-ve-turkiyede-engelsiz-
turizm-pazari_487.html
Cultural Management and Governance for European Thermal Tourism
38
Aguas Termales de Argentina: una Opción de Turismo Saludable
Mgter. Zulma M. Pittau Sevilla
Directora General de Patrimonio Cultural y Museos
Provincia de Misiones-Argentina
RESUMEN
En Argentina, el uso de las aguas termales con fines terapéuticos tiene sus inicios a finales del
siglo XIX, sin embargo, las aguas termominerales ya habían sido reconocidas por los antiguos
pueblos precolombinos, y apreciadas por sus propiedades curativas. Las más antiguas fueron
denominadas por los Incas como Inti Yaku, que en quechua significa “Aguas del Sol”,
entendiendo por ello que Inti, era venerado como un dios.
En adelante, y hasta la actualidad, las aguas termales han surgido ya sea naturalmente o a
través de perforaciones, llegando a ser referentes y solidificar en gran parte la economía
turística en 16 de las 23 provincias argentinas.
En este trabajo, se abordarán únicamente las más reconocidas tanto por sus propiedades
benéficas a la salud, como por su trascendencia turística.
PALABRAS CLAVE
Turismo Termal, Aguas Termales, Propiedades del Agua.
ABSTRACT
In Argentina, the use of thermal waters for therapeutic purposes has its beginnings at the end
of the 19th century, however, thermomineral waters had already been recognized by the
ancient pre-Columbian peoples, and appreciated for their healing properties. The oldest were
called by the Incas as Inti Yaku, which in Quechua means “Sun´s Waters” meaning that Inti
was revered as a god.
From now on, and until now, hot springs have emerged either naturally or through drilling,
becoming a reference point and solidifying much of the tourist economy in 16 of the 23
provinces of Argentina.
In this paper, only the most recognized will be addressed, both because of their beneficial
health properties and because of their tourism importance.
KEY WORDS
Thermal Tourism, Hot Springs, Water Properties.
Book of Abstracts
39
Ruta del Agua - Yaku Ñambi en la Amazonia Ecuatoriana
Claudia Patricia Maldonado-Erazo,
Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja – UTPL, Ecuador
José Álvarez-García
University of Extremadura - UEX, España
María de la Cruz del Río-Rama
Universidad de Vigo, España
Amador Durán Sánchez
University of Extremadura - UEX, España
RESUMEN
Ecuador se encuentra situado en la costa noroccidental de América del Sur, posición singular
que brinda características únicas para el país. Un elemento clave dentro de la formación del
territorio es la presencia de la Cordillera de los Andes que lo atraviesa de norte a sur, hecho
que ha generado una división del territorio continental en tres regiones naturales: Región
Litoral o Costa, Región Interandina o Sierra y Región Oriental o Amazonía, pero gracias a las
bondades de la zona tórrida o intertropical en la que se ubica, se incluye una cuarta región
conocida como Región Insular o Islas Galápagos (Instituto Oceanográfico del Ecuador, 2012).
La amplia gama de recursos naturales que el territorio posee por km2
han permitido incluir al
turismo como uno de los catorce sectores productivos seleccionados para facilitar la
articulación tanto de la política pública como la transformación de la matriz productiva del
país (Secretaría Nacional de Planificación y Desarrollo, 2012).
Por ello, para cumplir con este propósito, el Ministerio de Turismo ha presentado un cambio
dentro de la estructura, estableciendo principalmente una mejor planificación y coordinación
de la oferta a través del diseño y creación de rutas turísticas emblemáticas por cada región
natural continental. Así se planifica para la región de la costa; la Ruta del Spondylus antes
conocida como Ruta del Sol que recorre las hermosas playas y poblados ubicados dentro del
perfil costero y para la región de la sierra se diseña la Ruta Avenida de los Volcanes,
itinerario que permite recorrer cerca de 70 elevaciones entre volcanes y nevados que se ubican
dentro de la cordillera de los andes y finalmente, para la región oriental se establece la Ruta
del Agua, enfocada en resaltar la belleza y encantos de los diversos recursos naturales y
culturales que esconde la amazonia ecuatoriana tomando como elemento principal el agua
(Ministerio de Turismo del Ecuador, 2013a).
La riqueza hídrica que posee Ecuador lo ha categorizado como uno de los países con mayor
disponibilidad de agua dulce por habitante en América Latina y el Mundo, siendo inevitable
Cultural Management and Governance for European Thermal Tourism
40
resaltar ello a través del turismo, por lo cual se diseña un producto turístico que le permita a
los turistas conectar con las bondades hídricas que posee el territorio y al mismo tiempo,
disfrutar de la multiculturalidad que existente por medio de una combinación entre el turismo
cultural y el turismo salud y bienestar. En este sentido, la región oriental se convierte en
prioritaria para el país por sus características únicas e importancia para el mundo, por ello en
el año 2008 se declara dentro del art. 250 de la Constitución de la República del Ecuador,
como una Circunscripción Territorial Especial Amazónica – CTEA, esta declaratoria se
fundamenta en la necesidad de conservar el equilibrio ambiental no solo del país sino del
planeta en general, por medio de la implementación de una planificación integral del espacio,
evitando con ello un deterioro acelerado del espacio que comprende (Ministerio de Turismo
del Ecuador, 2015).
Por otro lado, el turismo cultural se encarga de resaltar el patrimonio nacional intangible
existente en los ritos, historia oral, costumbres, creencias, sistemas de conocimientos
filosóficos y espirituales que poseen las 10 nacionalidades indígenas asentadas en este
territorio, las cuales son: A'I Cofán (Sucumbíos), Secoya (Sucumbíos), Siona (Sucumbíos),
Huaorani (Orellana, Pastaza, Napo), Andoas (Pastaza), Shiwiar (Pastaza), Zápara (Pastaza),
Achuar (Pastaza, Morona Santiago), Shuar (Morona, Zamora, Pastaza, Napo, Orellana,
Sucumbíos, Guayas, Esmeraldas) y Kichwa Amazonia (Sucumbíos, Orellana, Napo y
Pastaza).
En este contexto, el objetivo de este trabajo es la descripción y estudio de la Ruta del Agua o
Yaku Ñamby en lengua kichwa, en base en su relevancia como mecanismo de impulso y
desarrollo para la Agenda de Transformación Productiva Amazónica (Ministerio de Turismo
del Ecuador, 2013b). Este estudio permitirá obtener e identificar la política de
aprovechamiento que el Ministerio de Turismo de Ecuador esta implementado para fortalecer
las condiciones turísticas de la Región Amazónica. La ruta se extiende a lo largo de las seis
provincias: Sucumbios, Pastaza, Napo, Orellana, Morona Santiago y Zamora Chinchipe,
siendo en todas y cada una de ellas el agua su elemento principal del itinerario, viéndose
plasmado por los distintos balnearios naturales, ríos, cascadas e impresionantes vistas de los
valles de la selva tropical por donde corren las aguas que alimentan al río Amazonas
(Ministerio de Turismo del Ecuador, 2013).
La metodología que se establece para dicho fin es un análisis teórico-exploratorio a partir de
los datos obtenidos de distintas fuentes primarias y secundarias suministradas por los
principales órganos reguladores de la actividad turística.
Se observa que el turismo de salud dentro de la Ruta del Agua - Yaku Ñambi se configura
como una oportunidad para armonizar su elemento principal “el agua” y el interés que los
turistas han desarrollo por el cuidado de la salud y el buen estado físico de las personas,
mediante el uso de nuevas técnicas que le permita alcanzar y/o mantener su bienestar
personal. En este sentido, es necesario delimitar que se entiende por turismo de salud ya que
existe dificultad a la hora de encontrar una definición universal “motivado por la evolución
experimentada por el sector, fruto de la transformación que ha sufrido el propio concepto de
salud” (Crecente Asociados, 2015). Así, Keckley y Underwood (2008) definen el turismo de
Book of Abstracts
41
salud “como el acto de desplazarse desde el sitio de residencia de una persona, hacia el
exterior o hacia otra ciudad de su país, para recibir servicios de salud o de bienestar” y
McKinsey & Company (2010) lo definen “como la exportación de servicios de salud
enfocado en 4 áreas específicas: medicina curativa, preventiva, estética y de bienestar.”.
El Instituto de Turismo de España (2008) entiende el turismo de salud “como aquellos
productos, instalaciones y servicios que se han diseñado para recuperar, mejorar y/o
mantener la salud a través de una combinación de actividades de rehabilitación, curación,
ocio, recreación y/o educativas, en un espacio alejado de las distracciones del trabajo y la
vida diaria” y diferencia dos tipologías de oferta de turismo de salud, la basada en el agua
(balnearios, centros de talasoterapia y alojamientos con spa) y la no basada en el agua (centros
de salud y/o belleza, centros espirituales y oferta singular). Dentro del Turismo de Salud se
pueden identificar claramente dos modalidades, el turismo de curación (servicios médicos) y
el turismo de prevención, (servicios “wellness”), fusión de las palabras en lengua inglesa:
well-being (bienestar) y fitness (buen estado físico).
El turismo de salud y bienestar en la actualidad, es un sector con un gran potencial de
crecimiento propiciado por un nuevo estilo de vida y cambio de mentalidad en la sociedad
hacia una cultura del ocio y de la salud (Martínez Moure, 2008). Esta modalidad se establece
como una tendencia naciente en Ecuador, aunque no dispone de una sola definición que
englobe a todos los ámbitos de aplicación que esta posee varios autores han intentado
acercarse a su definición, siendo la más concreta la desarrollada por (Tabacchi, 2010) quien
menciona que es cualquier tipo de desplazamiento que el turista realiza con la finalidad de
permanecer lo más saludable posible y mejorar su estilo de vida.
Entre la principal implicación de este estudio resalta la necesidad de reflejar el gran potencial
turístico que tienen los recursos en base al agua, localizados en esta ruta, lo que deja a
entrever la viabilidad de esta modalidad turística dentro del territorio, aunque es necesaria la
integración de oferta complementaria, el aprovechamiento dado hasta el momento se
encuentra bien encaminado mostrando con ello mejoras dentro de la calidad de vida de los
residentes.
PALABRAS CLAVES
Turismo De Salud, Turismo Cultural, Ruta de Agua, Ecuador.
REFERENCIAS
Crecente Asociados (2015). Turismo termal en España. Madrid, España. ISBN
9788415061595. Recuperado de: http://api.eoi.es/api_v1_dev.php/
fedora/asset/eoi:80475/EOI_TUrismoTermal_2015.pdf
Instituto Oceanográfico del Ecuador. (2012). Derrotero de las Costas Ecuatorianas.
Guayaquil: INOCAR.
Cultural Management and Governance for European Thermal Tourism
42
Instituto de Turismo de España. (2008): Turismo de Salud, Instituto de Turismo de España,
pp. 1-171.
Keckley, P. y Underwood, H. (2008). Medical Tourism: Consumers in Search of Value.
Washington: Deloitte Center for Health Solutions.
Martínez Moure, O. (2008). Talasoterapia y turismo: los recursos terapéuticos del agua del
mar como mecanismo sostenible de promoción turística para los municipios costeros: el caso
de la provincia de Pontevedra (Galicia). Medicina Naturista, 2(2), 90-96.
McKinsey & Company. (2010). Informe de Modelo de demanda de turismo de salud para
2015. Buenos Aires: McKinsey.
Ministerio de Turismo del Ecuador. (2013). MINTUR: El agua es vida, salud y belleza. Guía
Ecuatoriana de Transporte Y Turismo. Obtenido de http://transport.ec/boletines-
institucionales/el-agua-es-vida-salud-y-belleza/
Ministerio de Turismo del Ecuador. (17 de abril de 2013a). Ministerio de Turismo.
Recuperado el 23 de septiembre de 2017, de Noticias: Casa abierta de las rutas turísticas del
Ecuador: http://www.turismo.gob.ec/casa-abierta-de-las-rutas-turisticas-del-ecuador/
Ministerio de Turismo del Ecuador. (2013b). Resumen Ejecutivo Planes Estratégicos. Quito.
Ministerio de Turismo del Ecuador. (2015). Proyecto Ruta del Agua. Quito. Obtenido de
http://www.turismo.gob.ec/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/PROYECTO-RUTA-DEL-
AGUA.pdf
Secretaría Nacional de Planificación y Desarrollo. (2012). Transformación de la Matriz
Productiva: Revolución productiva a través del conocimiento y el talento humano. Quito:
SENPLADES.
Tabacchi, M. H. (2010). Current research and events in the spa industry. Cornell Hospitality
Quarterly, 51(1), 102-117.
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
Estudiar y describir la Ruta del Agua - Yaku Ñambi (Ecuador)
Identificar y dar a conocer la política de aprovechamiento que el Ministerio de Turismo de
Ecuador esta implementado como mecanismo de impulso y desarrollo para la Agenda de
Transformación Productiva de la Región Oriental o Amazonía
Identificar aprovechamiento dado hasta el momento y la viabilidad de esta actividad
turística dentro del territorio objeto de estudio la Región Oriental o Amazonía
Identificar las mejoras dentro de la calidad de vida de los residentes.
Reflejar el gran potencial turístico que tienen los recursos en base al agua en los Países y
regiones que los poseen
Book of Abstracts
43
The Impact of Entrepreneurship in the Field of Thermal Tourism
on Regional Development – the Case of Małopolskie Voivodship
Zofia Gródek Szostak Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie – Poland
Danuta Kajrunajtys
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie – Poland
Agnieszka Chęcińska Zaucha
Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego w Katowicach – Poland
Luis Ochoa Siguencia Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego w Katowicach – Poland
ABSTRACT
In Poland, 26 thermal water resources and 30 water bodies of therapeutic and thermal nature
have been documented. Thermal waters in the country are used for recreational purposes (eg.
Szaflary, Bukowina Tatrzańska, Białka Tatrzańska, Uniejów, Mszczonów) and
balneoterapeutycznych (Uniejów). Thermal complexes are an important determinant of
undertaking business activities on the territory of the Małopolska province, generating not
only jobs, but also significantly affecting the innovative development of the region.
Due to the spa tourism, four countries in the competitive environment deserve special
mention: Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary. These three are the rivals of
Poland in the race for the interest of tourists. Germany as a country aspires to tourists with a
more profitable portfolio and high quality standards. Among 270 spa towns associated in the
German Spa Association, the regions of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg. Among the regions
in the south of Małopolski it is worth mentioning: Pieszczany, Wyżne Rużbachy, Bardejov,
Kupelec Silac, Turcianske Teplice, Dubince czy Nimnicę in Slovakia. Even further south in
Budapest (the only European capital in the area rich in underground water and thermal water),
Debreczyn (Wielka Nizina Węgierska), Tiszaujvaros oraz Szeged. As of 04.2016, eight
mining areas operating thermal water are under the supervision of the Marshal of the
Voivodship.
The aim of the study is to analyze the conditions of functioning of thermal undertakings in
Małopolska and to identify its impact on the development of the region. The aim of the work
is to identify directions of thermal tourism inter alia. focus on the turbulent movement,
polarization of regional actors, impact on the labor market.
Cultural Management and Governance for European Thermal Tourism
44
Badania wykonano z wykorzystaniem triangulacji technik badawczych: badania literaturowe,
indywidualny wywiad pogłębiony (IDI) oraz obserwacji uczestniczącej.
KEYWORDS
Entrepreneurship, Regional Development, Logistics, Thermal Tourism.
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
Presentation of conditions of functioning thermal entrepreneurship in Małopolska.
Identification of barriers to the development of enterprises in the field of thermal tourism.
Indication of the directions of the influence of thermal tourism on the innovative
development of the region.
Publishing House of the Research and Innovation in Education Institute
http://publisher.inbie.pl / [email protected]