day 12 october 3 chapter 7 scribd

8/4/2019 Day 12 October 3 Chapter 7 Scribd

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October 3rd Chapter 7

Second Exam is Friday, Oct 7th

I will have review sheet up today

Clicker participation – not a grade, justdiagnosing problems



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Clicker Help

• Litza Varonis – 2541

• Jaime Newhall – 8290

• You have to take charge of thatclicker! Make sure it’s working,

Report if it’s not working• I can’t magically make you a grade if

I have no data.



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You knowthis guyhas at

least onedominantallele

If dad ishomo,

there’s atlest onedominantallele ineveryoffspring

If dad ishetero,babieswill behalf andhalf



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Test Cross – measures one

generation



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Analyzing Which Individuals Manifestthe Trait and Which Do Not



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Why do breeders value“pedigreed” horses and dogs

so much?



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7.10 What ’s your bloodtype?

Some gene s may have m o re t han two a l l e le s .

It can be O, A,B, or AB



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Multiple Allelism

q in which a single gene has more than twoalleles

q each individual still carries only two alleles

(single alleles – Bb, Tt,

Dd, Rr)



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More than two

choices exist



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Tongue Rolling

is controlled bymultiple alleles



4/21/12 Hair color involves

multiple alleles



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Inheritance of the ABO BloodGroups

q A, B, and O alleles

q

The A and B alleles are both completelydominant to O.

q The A and B alleles are codominant to eachother.

q Individuals can be one of four different blood

types: A, B, AB, and O.



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Why are people with type O blood considered “universal donors”? Why are those with type AB considered “universal acceptors”?



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7.11 Multi-gene Traits

How a re co n t i nuous l y va ry i ng t r a i t s such a s he i gh t i n f l uenced by

gene s ?

Old wives’ tales suggest a couple of ways forpredicting height: if the baby is a boy, they say toadd five inches to the mothers’ height and averagethat with the father’s height. Or if it is a girl,

subtract five inches from the father’s height andaverage that with the mother’s height.Alternatively, the lore says to just take the child’sheight at two years and double it.



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Polygenic Trait

q A trait that is influenced by many differentgenes

Mind-blowinglycomplicated!!!



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Additive Effects

what happens when the effects of alleles from multiple genes all contribute to the

ultimate phenotype

TheTallGene



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Why might computer nerds

be more l ikely to haveautistic children?

•Autism involves 10 or 20 different

genes!•Unusual abilities of perception,analytical skills, and focus. This idea—called the “geek theory of autism”



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7.12 Pleiotropy: How can one

gene influence multiple traits?



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What is

thebenefit of

“almost” havingsickle cell

disease?



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The SRY Gene

q “Sex-determining Region on the Y-chromosome”

q Causes fetal gonads to develop as testesshortly after fertilization.

q Following the gonads’ secretion of testosterone, other developmental changes

also occur.



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7.13 Why are more men

than women color-blind?

Sex - l i nked t r a i t s d i f f e r in t he i r pa t t e rns o f exp res s i on i n m a l e s

and f ema l e s .



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If a man is color-blind, didhe inherit this condition from

his mother, h is father, orboth parents?



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Take-home message 7.13

q The patterns of inheritance of most traitsdo not differ between males and females.

q When a trait is coded for by a gene on asex chromosome, such as color vision on

the X chromosome, the effects differ inmales and females.

day 12 october 3 chapter 7 scribd

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