INTRODUCTION

India is a developing country and like other countries is stuck with many environmental

issues. Poverty being the major concerned area causes lack of economic development of people

leading to inadequate sanitation and clean drinking water facilities. High growth rate of

population is causing lowering of natural resources and deforestation.

India is basically a country of the village. Rural people of this country are poor and conservative.

They suffer from unemployment and under-employment and are not able to have normal

standard of living .If India has to make real progress, this Rural Society has to progress.

It means that the rural people have to be educated, make conscious of the new development of

the society and also encouraged to take to various types of new methods of forming Community

Development project is intended at rural reconstruction and development of the rural life. The

projects of Community Development are aimed at bringing about overall development of the

village life and the society.

“The most commonly understood meaning of development project is to strive for the

development of the community at all levels, economic, cultural and social.

ENVIRONMENT

Word "environment" is most commonly used describing "natural" environment and means the

sum of all living and non-living things that surround an organism, or group of organisms.

Environment includes all elements, factors, and conditions that have some impact on growth and

development of certain organism. Environment often changes after some time and therefore

many organisms have ability to adapt to these changes. The environment consists of the

interactions among plants, animals, soil, water, temperature, light, and other living and non-

living things.

“Environment is the sum total of all surroundings of a living organism, including natural forces

and other living things, which provide conditions for development and growth as well as of

danger and damage.”

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ENVIRONMENTALISM

Environmentalism is very important political and social movement with goal to protect nature

environment by emphasizing importance of nature role in protection of the environment in

combination with various actions and policies oriented to nature preservation. Environmentalism

is movement connected with environmental scientists and many of their goals. Some of these

goals include:

1. To reduce world consumption of fossil fuels

2. To reduce and clean up all sorts of pollution (air, sea, river...) with future goal of zero

pollution

3. Emphasis on clean, alternative energy sources that have low carbon emission

4. Sustainable use of water, land, and other scarce resources

5. Preservation of existing endangered species

6. Protection of biodiversity

ENVIRONMENTAL OR ECOLOGICAL CONCERN

Term "ecological problems" is today mostly used to describe different environmental

problems. Given the current environmental mess and the fact that our planet has more

environmental problems than ever before it is really no surprise that much more emphasis is put

at this negative context of ecology. This is really the reason why there is really no difference

between environmental and ecological problems in everyday talk.

Problems of environment are also problems of ecology because environment is really a center of

all ecological research.

Environmental concern indicates “the degree to which people are aware of problems

regarding the environment and support efforts to solve them or indicate the willingness to

contribute personally to their solution”

A serious threat to human beings and their environment is the continuous and

accelerating overuse and destruction of natural resources. Bearing this in mind, it is unfortunate

that efforts to permanently change people’s environmentally destructive behaviour through

interventions have typically not been met with success. A necessary condition may be an

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increase in environmental concern and knowledge about the effects and consequences of the

ongoing environmental deterioration for future generations.

Studies are reviewed that have attempted to show

(1) correlations between determinants, such as socio-demographic and/or psychological factors,

and environmental concern, and

(2) an impact of environmental concern on environmentally responsible behaviour. In general,

correlations with background factors are weak.

Factors affecting behaviour appear to be knowledge, internal locus of control (positive control

beliefs), personal responsibility, and perceived threats to personal health. 

Economic growth and technological advancements are also playing major role in disturbing

natural environment by factors like water, air and nuclear pollution. Though Indian Government

is paying attention to major environmental concerned areas of the nation and formulating many

environmental policies to keep pace with this alarming situation, yet lots need to be done!!!

Environmental concerns is possible adverse effects caused by a development, industrial, or

infrastructural project or by the release of a substance in the environment.

MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUESEnvironmental issues are defined as problems with the planet's systems (air, water, soil, etc.) that

have developed as a result of human interference or mistreatment of the planet.

Air Pollution

Noise Pollution

Water Pollution

Global Warming

Natural Disasters

Soil and Land Degradation

Loss of Biodiversity

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Air PollutionAtmosphere is a complex combination of gaseous system that is essential for the survival

of life on earth. Air Pollution refers to the harmful materials that enter the Atmosphere causing

harm to nature and living beings. Various substances like Chemicals, Particulate or other

biological matter when settles in the atmosphere causes unnecessary changes in Natural cycles

and Human survival becomes problematic.

World Health Organization has stated that every year around 2.4 billion people die of Pollution.

There are other such numerous astonishing figures that indicate the numerous health hazards

caused by Air Pollution.

Pollutants

Any substance that when embeds in the atmosphere causes harm to environment and life on

Earth is called a Pollutant. Pollutants have different classifications. They can be classified on the

basis of state as Solid, Liquid or Gaseous. Additionally they can be classified as Natural or Man-

made.

Man-made sources include dust and pollution from manufacturing Plants, pollution by vehicles,

prescribed burning in agriculture, fumes and waste deposition generating Methane. 

Natural Sources refer to release of these pollutants due to natural processes in the environment,

for example, the release of Methane by digestion in various animals, dust from scarcely

cultivated areas, Radon gas from various radioactive materials present in the atmosphere,

Volcanic Activity, smoke and wildfires.

Noise Pollution

Any kind of disrupting sound from Humans, Animals, Machines that hinder in the normal

working of humans and animals is called Noise. Noise Pollution is mainly caused by

transportation and vehicular sound.

Among many reasons one important factor that creates noise pollution is the establishment of

industries parallel to residential areas. Other sources are car alarms, emergency service sirens,

office equipment, factory machinery, construction work, grounds keeping equipment, barking

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dogs, appliances, power tools, lighting hum, audio entertainment systems, loudspeakers and

noisy people.

Health Effects

Any unwanted sound is called noise. It is often seen that people more exposed to noise are often

complaining of hypertension, stress, hearing loss, sleep disturbances etc. High noise levels also

lead to cardiovascular disorders leading to high BP. 

Environmental Effects

High noise levels also have an adverse effect on animal life increasing their stress levels and also

the death rates. Noisy Areas lead to loss of natural habitats for the animals leading them to live

an unbalanced life. Animal species are also seen communicating on a higher pitch that spoils

their health.

Water Pollution

Water Pollution refers to the contamination of various Water bodies like Lakes, Rivers,

and Oceans etc by harmful substances that have a destructive effect on the Aquatic Species as

well as on life as a whole on earth. Over the years Water Pollution is turning out to be the biggest

environmental concern as nearly 14,000 deaths are recorded daily due to it. 

Causes

Various contaminants that lead to degradation of the water quality include Pathogens, Chemicals

and other sensory and physical changes. Most of these contaminants are either Oxygen depleting,

where they deplete the water body of requisite oxygen for survival of aquatic species, some of

them are toxic as they produce some toxic substances that can prove fatal and harmful for life to

survive, also many of them are capable of blocking the sun-light which in turn restricts the

normal cycles for survival of life.  

Pathogens like Viruses, parasitic worms’ results from ill-treated sewage discharge. Chemicals

resulting in water pollution are classified as Organic and Inorganic. Organic chemicals include

detergents, insecticides, pesticides etc, while inorganic include industrial bi-products, fertilizers

etc.

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Global warming

Global warming is when the earth heats up (the temperature rises).  It happens when

greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, water vapor, nitrous oxide, and methane) trap heat and light

from the sun in the earth’s atmosphere, which increases the temperature.  This hurts many

people, animals, and plants.  Many cannot take the change, so they die.

Effects of Global warming

o Environmental: Some of the major environmental concerns regarding Global warming

include rising of Sea-levels, change in ambient temperature, increasing cyclonic activity,

precipitation levels etc. Melting of glaciers pose serious threat to future generations.

o Economic: The Indira Gandhi Institute of Development research has reported that if the

predictions of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change come true about Global

warming than India’s GDP will decline at an alarming rate. Due to results like

submersion of land etc many citizens are supposed to get displaced. Villagers living near

coastlines are threatened by melting of glaciers as it would first affect the low-lying

areas. Thus, if no measures are taken to improve conditions on Global warming then

India’s economy is sure to get hit.

Natural Disasters

Many Natural Disasters in India have caused havoc to the life and property of citizens and

Nature as a whole from time to time. These disasters include Cyclones, Floods, earthquakes,

volcanic eruptions, Famines, Drought, and Landslides etc. Amongst all the ones mentioned

floods and earthquakes are the most common in India.

Floods

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Floods are high stream flow that overflows the natural banks of the rivers and most of the times

become calamitous. India is the most flood affected nation after Bangladesh. Out of total deaths

by Floods in the world, (1/5) are from India. The main causes of floods are excessive rains in

river catchments, poor natural drainage, Change of river course, Landslide restricting river flow,

cyclone and very intense rainfall.

Earth-quakes

Earthquakes are powerful manifestations of sudden releases of strain energy accumulated within

the crust and propagated as seismic waves. The need to understand and study the phenomenon of

earthquake is for a simple reason, that it is the most disastrous natural calamity for mankind.

Cyclones

Cyclone refers to a whirl in the atmosphere with very strong winds circulating around it in anti-

clockwise direction in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.

Cyclones are intense low pressure areas with pressure increasing outwards. Cyclones can be

hazardous as Cyclones are normally associated with strong winds.

Volcanoes

A Volcano is a hill or rock that is formed by molten lava. When this Magma melts due to heat or

any other reason, than it takes more space and tends to come out of the hill. Hot molten magma

contains Silica and can be deadly and dangerous to life and property

Drought

There are three types of droughts; Meteorological drought is when the actual rainfall is much less

than the climatologically mean of the area. Hydrological drought results from the depletion of

surface water and Agricultural drought resulting from depletion of soil Moisture. India has been

severely affected by droughts over the past years claming millions of lives.

Soil and Land Degradation

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Land & Soil degradation involves the effect on biophysical environment by human-

induced processes that are implied on the land. Soil is uppermost layer of the earth. Degradation

is due to the loss of soil through erosion or through the loss of soil fertility. The replacement of

primary vegetation (Climax) with secondary vegetation alters the composition and amount of

humus in soil.

According to an estimate up to 40% of the world's total agricultural land is seriously degraded.

The plants growing on the ground forms the humus and checks the lowering circulation of the

matters. It serves as barrier in soil erosion as the roots of plants hold the soil. Man can negatively

affect soil and land by his harsh actions, such as clearing, reckless cutting of trees, litters raking

etc.

Erosion is due to several reasons as water, wind, chemical and physical degradation. Based on

human activity erosion also happens due to laying new roads which increase impermeable

surfaces that would cost loss in ground. Agriculture also increases the risk of soil erosion by

increase of field size, planting of one type of crop over the years, row cropping, tilling or

plowing, overgrazing of animals in meadows.

Land degradation not only affects soil fertility but also it affects rivers, wetlands and lakes since

soil, with nutrients and other contaminants are delivered in large quantities to environments.

Some more causes of land degradation involve Irrigation and overdrafting, Urban sprawl and

commercial development, Land pollution including industrial waste and Vehicle off-roading.

Soil erosion or loss of fertility of soil decreases crop yields; increase in cost of production, land

abandonment.

Loss of Biodiversity

Biodiversity is the distribution and number, variety and variability of living organisms

over time. Biodiversity may be diversity within species (genetic diversity), between species

(species diversity), and between ecosystems (ecosystem diversity).

Biodiversity includes all ecosystems—wild lands, nature preserves, or national parks,

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plantations, farms, croplands, aquaculture sites, rangelands and urban parks too have their own

biodiversity. Loss in biodiversity has direct and indirect negative effects on Food security,

Vulnerability, Health, Energy security, Clean water and Social relations.

The biodiversity is under threat all over the world. Western Ghats and northeast is rich in

biodiversity, they have a rich variety of vegetation as well as animals. Certain species fear a

threat of decline due to day by day contracting habitats, habitat quality and hunting of some

mammals.

All the 18 domestic poultry breeds are under threat and around 40 species of plants and animals

have extinct. The country has lost about 40% of its mangroves and some crucial part of its

wetlands. Measures like establishing crop gene banks, seed banks and biodiversity knowledge

registers are needed to curb the loss of biodiversity.

WAYS TO REDUCE THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL

ISSUES

Protecting biodiversity by adopting detailed action plans for each of its waste treatment units,

Preserving air quality by reducing the amount of air pollutants released by its facilities and

using cleaner vehicles for waste collection,

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions by recycling raw materials and turning waste into energy,

thereby producing alternative, partly renewable energy,

Respecting landscapes by ensuring that its facilities (waste incineration plants and storage

centres) blend into the local environment,

Reducing noise by modernizing its fleet of waste collection vehicles,

Controlling odours by improving waste treatment processes and by using innovative techniques

to capture and destroy the odours produced.

DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS

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A project is defined as a collaborative enterprise, involving research or design that is

carefully planned to achieve a particular aim.

Development is more closely associated with some form of action or intervention to

influence the entire process of social change. It is a dynamic concept which suggests a change in,

or a movement away from, a previous situation. All societies are changing, and rural extension

attempts to develop certain aspects of society in order to influence the nature and speed of the

change.

“A specific activity or task settled upon to achieve the economic, political, and social goals

of a development policy. Such projects often include transportation, energy (especially

hydro-electric), agricultural, and resettlement schemes.”

IMPORTANCE OF DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS

For the Growth of nation

Till now agriculture occupies a very important position in country economy. In

assessment of national economic growth, it has been found that through other sectors like

industry transport, and power have achieved substantial progress still then agricultural products

constitute the largest portion of the gross national product. Agricultural sector along contributes

45 to 50 percent of growth in the national output.

Welfare Activities

A number of welfare activities have been taken up by development projects for an

integrated and all round development. Contraction of village roads, establishment of community

centers, different sanitary programmes, building of better housing facilities and several other can

be categorized under this head. There is no part of the country which has not got one or other of

these welfare items.

Going forward

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Technological aspects of rural development programmes should help the people to take

the next step in his development and not demand that he take a huge technological leap. It is

better to secure a modest advance which can be sustained than to suggest a substantial advance

which is beyond the ability of most.

Helping the peoples and making them self-dependent

An important object of the development project is to make the village people self-

dependent and encourage them to take part in the activities of national reconstruction. This is

done through the following methods:

a) Changing the traditional and conservative outlook of the village people.

b) Organizing the bodies of youth and ladies for taking part in developmental activities and

arranging their welfare.

c) Making arrangement for recreation of the village youth and women.

IMPACT OF DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS ON ENVIRONMENT

Development projects are beneficial for growth and economy, but they could have negative

impacts on the environment. To this end, when a development project is being planned, the

planner is expected to investigate the potential environment impact through an Environmental

Impact Assessment (EIA) study and provide mitigations for those impacts. 

The specific environmental impact depends on the type project. However, the common impacts

are: 

1. Pollution of the environment (water, land and air) through the equipment being used or

the actual construction work (including fuel spill during work) 

2. Destruction / displacement of habitats (e.g. birds, fish etc. habitats). 

ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION ACT, 1986

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In the wake of the Bhopal Tragedy, the Government of India enacted the Environment Protection

Act of 1986 under Article 253 of the Constitution. The purpose of the Act is to implement the

decisions of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment of 1972, in so far as

they relate to the protection and improvement of the human environment and the prevention of

hazards to human beings, other living creatures, plants and property. The Act is an “umbrella”

legislation designed to provide a framework for central government coordination of the activities

of various central and state authorities established under previous laws, such as the Water Act

and the Air Act.

Objectives of the Act

1. To co-ordinate the activities of the various regulatory agencies already in existence.

2. Creation of an authority or authorities with adequate powers for environmental

protection.

3. Regulation of discharge of environmental pollutants and handling of hazardous

substance.

4. Speedy response in the event of accidents threatening environmental and deterrents

punishment to those who endanger human environment, safety and health.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Environmental impact assessments commenced in the 1960s, as part of increasing environmental

awareness. An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is an assessment of the possible impacts

that a proposed project may have on the environment, consisting of the environmental, social and

economic aspects.

The purpose of the assessment is to ensure that decision makers consider the environmental

impacts when deciding whether or not to proceed with a project. The International Association

for Impact Assessment (IAIA) defines an environmental impact assessment as

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“the process of identifying, predicting, evaluating and mitigating the biophysical, social,

and other relevant effects of development proposals prior to major decisions being taken

and commitments made.”

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an important management tool for ensuring optimal

use of natural resources for sustainable development. A beginning in this direction was made in

our country with the impact assessment of river valley projects in 1978-79 and the scope has

subsequently been enhanced to cover other developmental sectors such as industries, thermal

power projects, mining schemes etc. To facilitate collection of environmental data and

preparation of management plans, guidelines have been evolved and circulated to the concerned

Central and State Government Departments. EIA has now been made mandatory under the

Environmental (Protection Act, 1986 for 29 categories of developmental activities involving

investments of Rs. 50 crores and above.

Follow-up

At the end of the project, an audit evaluates the accuracy of the EIA by comparing actual to

predicted impacts. The objective is to make future EIAs more valid and effective. Two primary

considerations are:

Scientific - to examine the accuracy of predictions and explain errors

Management - to assess the success of mitigation in reducing impacts

After an EIA, the precautionary  may be applied to decide whether to reject, modify or

require strict liability or insurance coverage to a project, based on predicted harms.

Environmental Appraisal Committees

 With a view to ensure multi-disciplinary input required for environmental appraisal of

development projects, Expert Committees have been constituted for the following sectors:

 

1. Mining Projects

2. Industrial Projects

3. Thermal Power Projects

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4. River Valley, Multipurpose, Irrigation and H.E. Projects

5. Infrastructure Development and Miscellaneous Projects

6. Nuclear Power Projects

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CONCLUSION

It is very clear that, environmental problems could not be solved only by technical means.

Therefore technological approaches should be integrated and harmonized with ethical dimension

of problems to have concrete and long-term solutions. To achieve the balance between

technology and ethical dimension; experts should at least have environmental consciousness in

addition to their environmental knowledge. While starting development projects it must be

noticed that this project’s result is not going to harm the environment and human beings. It is the

responsibility of the government also to take necessary steps to control the pollution which harm

the environment.

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CASE STUDY

TSPL – A DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

Talwandi Sabo Power Limited

Talwandi Sabo Power Limited (TSPL) was incorporated by Punjab State Electricity Board

(PSEB) with the purpose of constructing a 1980 (3x660) MW thermal power plant at Village

Banawala, Mansa-Talwandi Sabo Road, District Mansa, Punjab, India.

(TSPL) is implementing a state of the art coal based supercritical thermal power plant in District

Mansa, Punjab, India. This will be the first Supercritical unit and one of the largest Greenfield

power project in the State of Punjab. Power generated from this project shall be supplied to the

Punjab State Electricity Board.

TSPL will use energy efficient and cleaner supercritical technology for the electricity generation.

Super-critical technology utilizes steam at temperature above the critical point of water. The

technology generates same amount of electricity using less coal. The project activity will thus

reduce consumption of fossil fuel (coal) as compared to the conventional sub critical technology

thus making it an environmental friendly and cost efficient technology.

The proposed project activity will involve setting up super-critical coal fired power generation

units. The steam parameters involved are:

Parameter Value

Superheater outlet steam pressure (MPa) 25.4

Superheater outlet steam temperature (°C) 571

Superheater outlet steam flow (tph) 2140

Re-heater outlet steam temperature (°C) 569

Feedwater inlet temperature to economizer (°C) 293.4

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TSPL has chosen world class equipments and business partners having proven track record in the

fields of Design & Engineering, Quality, Safety and Project Execution.

The State of Punjab has been consistently facing peak power shortages during summer, in the

last 3 years. The total current installed capacity of Punjab is around 6,973 MW, against peak

demand of around 10,435 MW (CEA Monthly report Nov 2010). The demand is expected to

increase to 11,000MW by 2012(17th Electric Power Survey). The successful implementation of

the project shall bridge the power demand and supply gap.

The increased economic activity due to this project shall also generate thousands of direct and

indirect employment in the State of Punjab. The success of the project will bolster government

initiatives of Public Private Partnership model in key areas of Industrial Development.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF TSPL

1. Air Pollution / Pollutant

Almost all 100 MW (greater than) Coal based / fired thermal power plants by consuming

thousands of tons of coal daily, heavily pollute the air of the surrounding region. Burning coal

also releases massive amounts of toxic mercury and arsenic.

2. Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Coal is considered a heavily polluting fuel in terms of black carbon, sulphates and other gaseous

pollutants primarily due to incomplete and inefficient combustion. CBTPPs/CFTPPs are

responsible for almost 21 per cent of the greenhouse gas emissions.

Official figures from China in 2003 suggest that TPPs using coal, released over 11 million tonnes

of sulphur dioxide or SO2 into the air, accounting for more than 50 per cent of the total

emissions in the country. India is fifth (in the year 2001) in the world in carbon emissions (251

million metric tons of carbon equivalent). Emission levels in the CBTPPs are high.

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3. Black Carbon

Black Carbon or BC due to the TPPs causes dense / intense fog, haze and smog. An intense air

pollution will persist throughout the year. An increase in the concentration of BC produces

changes in the monsoon (rainfall) patterns and abnormal heating of the atmosphere as BC is

strongly absorbing in nature.

4. Assessment of Uncertainties

The development of civic amenities due to the setting of a CBTPP/CFTPP project is directly

proportional to its size or installed capacity. Higher the capacity greater the civic amenities,

pollution, hazardous working conditions and health hazards.

5. Land Environment

The natural soil becomes more alkaline due to the alkaline nature of fly ash thereby damaging

the agriculture / agricultural sector.

6. Biological Environment

The effect on biological environment can be divided into two parts, viz. the effect on flora and

the effect on fauna. Effect on flora is due to two main reasons land acquisition and due to flue

(combustion exhaust) gas emissions. Land acquisition leads to loss of habitat of some species.

7. Water Environment

Water slurry is used to take the ash from the power plant to the ash pond for disposal. The water

may contain harmful heavy metals like boron, which have a tendency to leach out over a period

of time. Due to this the ground water gets polluted and becomes unsuitable for domestic use. The

second factor affecting the water environment is the release of ash pond decant into the local

water bodies. This is harmful to the fisheries and other aquatic biota in the water body.

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STEPS TAKEN TO REDUCE THE IMPACTS

1. Clean coal technologies

Clean coal technologies offer the potential for significant reduction in the environmental

emissions when used for power generation. These technologies may be utilized in new as well as

existing plants and are therefore, an effective way of reducing emissions in the coal fired

generating units. Several of these systems are not only very effective in reducing Sox and NOx

emissions but because of their higher efficiencies they also emit lower amount of CO2 per unit of

power produced. CCT's can be used to reduce dependence on foreign oil and to make use of a

wide variety of coal available. Blending of various grades of raw coal along with beneficiation

shall ensure consistency in quality of coal to the utility boilers. This approach assumes greater

relevance in case of multiple grades of coals available in different parts of the country and also

coals of different qualities being imported by IPPs. Ministry of Environment and Forests vide

their notification dated 30th June 1998 had stipulated the use of raw or blended or beneficiated

coal with ash content not more than 34% on an annual average basis w. e. f. 1st June 2001.

CPCB has constituted a Steering Committee consisting representative from some SEBs, CPCB,

Ministry of Coal, Ministry of Power, CEA and World Bank to carry out cost benefit analysis of

using clean coal technologies and assess and prioritize technically feasible and economically

viable measures to improve coal quality.

2. Renovation and Modernization Schemes

Continuous deterioration in performance of thermal power stations had been observed during

early 80's. Therefore, Renovation and Modernization Schemes(R&M Schemes) were drawn and

executed for improving the performance of existing thermal power stations. Pollution control

measures in these power stations being a capital-intensive activity, it accounted for major

portion-around 40% of Rs. 12 Billion kept for R&M schemes under phase-I. During phase-I, 163

units of 34 thermal power stations were covered. As a result of R&M schemes these achieved

10,000 million units of additional generation per annum against the target of 7000 million units.

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Encouraged by the results achieved, R&M phase-II programme is presently under progress. Total

estimated cost of these works is Rs. 24 Billion. Most of the Electricity Boards or other generating

agencies are facing financial constraints to carry out R&M activities. Therefore, this area has to

be taken on priority to arrange financial assistance. Several organizations have carried out

Energy audits of thermal power plants with a view to suggest measures to improve their

operational efficiency and to identify areas having wasteful use of energy. Steps have been

suggested to reduce energy losses and their implementation is being monitored vigorously.

3. Other steps taken

Use the best available technology and run the power plant at highest possible efficiency

so that the use of coal /MW of electricity can be minimized.

Comply with national, international and regional regulations and maintain environmental

equilibrium. TSPL will remain committed to reducing carbon footprint by continues

monitoring and bench marking carbon and other GHG emissions with the industry.

TSPL will install measurement equipment where our required and have a monetary plan

whereby emissions can be measured and analysis for any increase in carbon emissions

will be done. TSPL will also monitor and measure carbon and GHG emissions across the

site in order to identify the most significant areas of emission and prioritize these area for

reduction.

Steps will be taken to reduce the auxiliary power consumption and continuous and

metering schemes will be developed to measure and bench mark the same.

On realization of benefits of carbon footprint reduction, TSPL will contribute 2% of this

realization to society through our various CSR activities.

TSPL will develop and maintain a green belt inside the plant boundary in order to

minimize the impact of carbon and GHG emissions to the local stakeholders.

TSPL will ensure that energy efficiency and the nature of energy source are key

considerations when procuring new facilities and equipments.

The energy and carbon policy will be reviewed regularly.

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