Diabetes MellitusFor high school and college students

ByEmily Freedman

A disease that disrupts normal metabolism, interfering with cells’ ability to take in glucose for energy production

Statistics

7th leading cause of death in the United States

In the next 24 hours, diabetes will claim the lives of 200 people.

That's 1,400 friends, neighbors, co-workers or family members a week

Statistics Continued

Managed by keeping blood sugar at safe levels through diet, exercise, and medication if needed

National cost of diagnosed diabetes is an estimated 246 billion

26 million Americans have one of the two major types of diabetes

Statistics Continued

1 in 3 people will have diabetes by 2050

79 million Americans have pre-diabetes

What is diabetes?Involves the production of the hormone insulin by the pancreas

Normal metabolism: pancreas secretes insulin which stimulates cells to take up blood sugar

In Diabetes: process is disrupted causing a build up of glucose in the bloodstream

Type 1 (previously known as juvenile

diabetes) 5-10% of Americans have this; begins in childhood or adolescence- not related to obesity

Body’s immune system destroys insulin producing cells in the pancreas

Body is unable to produce it’s own insulin

Type 2 DiabetesPancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin or the cells are resistant to insulin

Develops slowly

25% of Americans are unaware of their condition

Type 2 Continued

90% of people are overweight when diagnosed

90% of cases could have been prevented if regular physical activity, moderate dieting and weight lost were adopted into the lifestyles of the individuals

GestationalOccurs in 7% of women during pregnancy

Usually disappears after pregnancy, but half of women will develop type 2 diabetes

Pre-diabetes

Blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of full blown diabetes

57 million Americans have pre-diabetes

Signs and Symptoms

frequent urination

extreme hunger/thirst

unexplained weight loss

extreme fatigue

Signs and Symptoms

blurred vision

frequent infections

tingling/numbness in hands/feet

generalized itching with no rash

Complications

kidney failure

nerve damage

circulation problems/amputations

Complications Continued

blindness

increased rates of heart attack

stroke

hypertension

The Goal of Healthy People 20/20

To Reduce the disease of Diabetes Mellitus

Reduce economic burden

Improve the quality of life for all persons that have, or are at risk of having diabetes.

The Nation’s Objective

Reduce the annual number of new cases in the population

Reduce the death rate among persons with diabetes

Reduce the rate of amputations

Objective Continued

Improve glycemic and lipid control

Reduce the death rate among people with diabetes

Increase the proportion of persons with diagnosed diabetes who receive formal diabetes education

Meeting the Objective

Amount of people diagnosed has decreased

The death rate has decreased

Amputation rate is half of what it was in 1997

The amount of diagnosed people who receive education on diabetes has increased

To Address the Problem...

You can prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes through a healthy lifestyle.

Prevention

Change your diet

increase your level of physical activity, eat healthy, and maintain a healthy weight

Helps minimize high blood pressure and blood cholesterol

Works Cited

http://healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/objectiveslist.aspx?topicId=8

http://www.diabetesadvocacyalliance.org/html/activities_support_for_healthy_people.html

http://www.stopdiabetes.com/