DIGESTIVE SYSTEMLEARNING TARGETS 6-10

6. Name the 2 structures that are involved in mechanical digestion.

7. Name & state the functions of digestive enzymes for carbohydrates, proteins & fats.

8. State the functions of glucose, fats & amino acids in the body.

9. Define the terms essential fatty acid, essential amino acid & vitamin.

10. Describe the functions of major vitamins & minerals in the body.

Name the 2 structures that are involved in mechanical digestion. Mouth Stomach http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=

2770258302083245040#docid=-8459757275982651591

http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=2770258302083245040#

http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=2770258302083245040#docid=5501527145575660749

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z7xKYNz9AS0

HTTP://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=O18UYCWRSAA&FEATURE=RELATED

Name & state the functions of digestive enzymes for carbohydrates, proteins & fats. Salivary amylase acts on starch to

produce maltose Pepsin in stomach’s gastric juices acts on

protein to form peptides Pancreatic amylase digests starch

Trypsin & chymotrypsin digests protein Lipase digests fats

State the functions of glucose, fats & amino acids in the body. Mitochondria use glucose to produce a

constant supply of ATP for the cell Essential fatty acids like Ω6 (linoleic acid)

form plasma membranes Essential amino acids are used to

construct proteins such as enzymes to carry out metabolism, & body structures – hair, nails, DNA

Define the terms essential fatty acid, essential amino acid & vitamin. Essential refers to the fact that our body

can’t make them so we must eat foods that contain them

Describe the functions of major vitamins & minerals in the body. Fat soluble (A,D,E,K) – specialized

functions A synthesis of visual pigments D helps regulate calcium 7 phosphorus

metabolism E is an antioxidant K required to form prothrombin (for blood

clotting) Water soluble (C, B complex) – catalysts

to speed up specific reactions Minerals – macronutrients &

micronutrients – specific functions table 15.5 p 315