digital audio radio service

7/30/2019 Digital Audio Radio Service

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BROADCAST AND ACOUSTICSSATELLITE RADIO AND DARS


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SATELLITE

a satellite is an object which has been

placed into orbit by human endeavor.

Such objects are sometimes

called artificial satellitesto distinguishthem from natural satellites such as

the Moon.


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TRIVIA

The world's

first artificialsatellite,

the Sputnik 1,

was launched

by the Soviet

Union in 1957.


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RADIO

Radio is the transmission of signals

through free space by electromagneticradiation of a frequency significantly below

that of visible light, in the radio

frequency range, from about 30 kHz to

300 GHz.


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SATELLITE RADIO

Satellite radio is

an analog or digital radio signal that isrelayed through one or more satellites and

thus can be received in a much wider

geographical area than terrestrial FMradio stations.


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DIGITAL AUDIO

Digital audio refers to technology

that records, stores, and reproducessound by encoding an audio signal

in digital form instead of analog form.

Sound is passed through an analog-to-

digital converter (ADC), and pulse-codemodulation is typically used to encode it as

a digital signal.


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DIGITAL AUDIO RADIO SERVICE

Digital Audio RadioService (DARS) refersto any type of digital

radio service.

In the United States it

is the official FCC term

for digital radio

services


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TYPES OF DARS

Satellite DARS Terrestrial DARS


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SATELLITE DARS

SIRIUS SATELLITE RADIO XM SATELLITE RADIO


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SIRIUS SATELLITE RADIO

Sirius SatelliteRadio is a satelliteradio (SDARS)

service operating in

North America,owned by Sirius XM

Radio


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SIRIUS SATELLITE RADIO

Headquartered in New York City, with smaller

studios in Los Angeles and Memphis, Sirius was

officially launched on July 1, 2002 and currentlyprovides 69 streams (channels) of music and 65

streams of sports, news and entertainment to

listeners. Music streams on Sirius carry a wide

variety of genres, broadcasting 24 hours daily,

commercial-free, and uncensored. A subset of

Sirius music channels is included as part of

the Dish Network satellite television service.


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XM SATELLITE RADIO

XM Satellite

Radio (XM) is one oftwo satellite

radio (SDARS)

services in the United

States and Canada,

operated by Sirius XM

Radio.


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XM SATELLITE RADIO

It provides pay-for-service radio,

analogous to cable television. Its service

includes 73 different music channels, 39

news, sports, talk and entertainment

channels, 21 regional traffic and weather

channels and 23 play-by-play sportschannels.


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XM SATELLITE RADIO

The company has its origins in the 1988

formation of the American Mobile SatelliteCorporation (AMSC), a consortium of severalorganizations originally dedicated to satellite

broadcasting of telephone, fax, and data signals.

The satellite service was officially launched on

September 25, 2001.


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MERGER


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MERGER

On July 29, 2008, XM and Sirius SatelliteRadio formally completed their merger, following

U.S. Federal CommunicationsCommission (FCC) approval, forming Sirius XMRadio, Inc. with XM Satellite Radio, Inc. as itssubsidiary.

On November 12, 2008, Sirius and XM beganbroadcasting with their new, combined channellineups.


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MERGER

On January 13, 2011, XM Satellite Radio,

Inc. was dissolved as a separate entityand merged into Sirius XM Radio, Inc

Prior to its merger with Sirius, XM was thelargest satellite radio company in the

United States.


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While XM Radio and Sirius have merged

into a single company, the two servicesaren't fully integrated yet. Part of the

reason for this is due to differences in

hardware and software.


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CHANNELS


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TECHNOLOGY

25 MHz in S band 2.3 GHz

2 multichannel operators

2320-2332.5 MHz(Sirius)

2332.5-2345 MHz (XM)

complementary terrestrial

repeaters

to overcome effects of

satellite signal blockage

and multipath

interference

AM/FM/SAT receivers


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SDARS Spectrum


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TECHNOLOGY

XM Radio uses two Boeing HS 702

satellites, appropriately nicknamed "Rock"and "Roll," and two BSS 702 satellites it

calls "Rhythm" and "Blues," placed in

parallel geostationary orbit, two at 85

degrees west longitude and the other two

at 115 degrees west longitude.


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TECHNOLOGY

The first XM satellite, "Rock," was launched on

March 18, 2001, with "Roll" following on May 8

of the same year. A design flaw in the HS 702

satellite caused its solar panels to function

inefficiently. XM launched "Rhythm" on

February 28, 2005, and "Blues" on October30, 2006, to replace the older satellites.


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ORBITS

Low Earth OrbitsHeight: 700-2000 km

Rotation Period: 90 min.

Time in LOS of

earth station: 15 min.

Medium Earth OrbitsHeight: 8000-12000 km

Rotation Period: 5-12 hrs.

Time in LOS of

earth station: 2-4 hrs.

Geostationary OrbitsHeight:35,780 km

Rotation Period: 24 hrs.

Time in LOS of

earth station: 24 hrs.

GSONGSO


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iPhone, iPod Touch, BlackBerry

and Android applications

Sirius XM developed a software

application for use onthe Apple iPhone and Apple iPod

Touch devices that will allow Sirius XM

subscribers to listen to its programming

over the Apple devices. The Sirius XM

iPhone App became available in the

Apple iTunes Store on June 17, 2009


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iPhone, iPod Touch, BlackBerry

and Android applications

On February 4, 2010, Sirius XM released

an app for the Research InMotion BlackBerry line of Smartphone,

including the Storm (Series

9500), Bold (Series 9000 and9700), Tour(Series 9600)

and Curve (Series 8500 and 8900).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry_Stormhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry_Boldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry_Tourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry_Curvehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry_Curvehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry_Tourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry_Boldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry_Storm


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RECEIVERS

As of 2005, Sirius receivers are available for various

new Audi, BMW, Cadillac, Chrysler, Dodge,

Ford, Infiniti, Jaguar, Jeep, Land

Rover, Lexus, Lincoln, Mazda, Mercedes-

Benz, Mercury, MINI,

Mitsubishi, Nissan, Scion, Toyota(except Corolla), Porsche, Volkswagen,

and Volvo vehicles, and the service plans on adding

availability for portable use.


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RECEIVERS


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