dmt: on-ramp 1 dmt - based xdsl: the on- ramp to the information superhighway john m. cioffi...
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1 DMT: On-Ramp
DMT - based XDSL: The On-DMT - based XDSL: The On-Ramp to the Information Ramp to the Information
SuperhighwaySuperhighway
John M. CioffiJohn M. CioffiStanford UniversityStanford University
CTO & Founder, CTO & Founder, AmatiAmati
July, 1997July, 1997
P:650-723-2150P:650-723-2150F:650-723-8473F:650-723-8473
[email protected]@isl.stanford.edu
2 DMT: On-Ramp
New Revenue for Service ProvidersNew Revenue for Service Providers“Superhighway”“Superhighway”
AccessModule
Router
Telco Netw ork
ATM
EntertainmentEntertainment
Broadcast TVVODSportsGames
karokekaroke
ProductivityProductivity
corporate networksconferencing (vide/voic)telecommutingremote access / enterprise
intra-intra-netnet
SpecializedServer
CDROM
Multi-MediaServer
SpecializedServer
CDROM
WWWnewsproducts...
InternetInternet
2-way info2-way info
Info on DemandInfo on Demand
emailfile xfer...
EducationEducation
videolabsaudio...
LARGE CORPORATION
SMALL BUSINESS
HOME
SCHOOLS
CPE
CPE
CPE
CPE
MEDIA
3 DMT: On-Ramp
Twisted Pairs “xDSL”Twisted Pairs “xDSL” Avoid cost of new media deployment (fiber, HFC, Avoid cost of new media deployment (fiber, HFC,
coax, or wireless)coax, or wireless) over 100x increase in bit rates w.r.t. voiceband over 100x increase in bit rates w.r.t. voiceband
modemsmodems Incremental - pay for equipment on only those Incremental - pay for equipment on only those
customers who ask for servicecustomers who ask for service Deploy soonerDeploy sooner
Problem: Problem: HARD TRANSMISSION PROBLEMHARD TRANSMISSION PROBLEM
4 DMT: On-Ramp
Asymmetric DSL (ADSL)Asymmetric DSL (ADSL)
Telco COTelco CO
POTSPOTS(or ISDN)(or ISDN)
SwitchSwitch
splitsplit
split
ATMATMoror
10BT/42210BT/422
8 Mbps
800 kbps ADSLADSL
video switchvideo switch
ADSLADSLAccessAccessMuxMux
(bridge)(bridge)
ADSLADSL
ADSLADSL
.
.
ADSLADSL
internetinternet
5 DMT: On-Ramp
A/xDSL & VDSLA/xDSL & VDSL
..
..
..
to invidualto invidualcustomerscustomers
twisted-pairtwisted-pair
AA/x/xDSLDSL 1-1-66 miles miles
1.5-9 Mbps DS1.5-9 Mbps DS.15/.8 US.15/.8 USto 2 Mbps symto 2 Mbps sym
ANSI T1.413ANSI T1.413
CentralCentralOfficeOffice
PhoneNetwork
ONUNODE
.
.
.
to invidualcustomers
wireless or fiber
twisted-pairVVDSLDSL
.25-1 mile
13-52 Mbps
Symmetric or AsymmetricSymmetric or Asymmetric
neighborhood
6 DMT: On-Ramp
Other “x=“ ‘s Other “x=“ ‘s
Hdsl (symmetric 1.5, 2 Mbps)Hdsl (symmetric 1.5, 2 Mbps) Sdsl (symmetric 384 kbps)Sdsl (symmetric 384 kbps) Idsl (symmetric 160 kbps)Idsl (symmetric 160 kbps) software substitutions with respect to software substitutions with respect to
existing standards - “DSLAM”existing standards - “DSLAM” all rates within existing T1.413 or minor all rates within existing T1.413 or minor
modificationsmodifications
7 DMT: On-Ramp
OutlineOutline
Transmission ChallengesTransmission Challenges DMT vs the transmission challengesDMT vs the transmission challenges ADSL and T1.413 Standard DMTADSL and T1.413 Standard DMT V/XDSL and SDMTV/XDSL and SDMT Implementation TruthImplementation Truth
8 DMT: On-Ramp
Twisted-Pair channelsTwisted-Pair channels
highly variable characteristicshighly variable characteristics attenuation varies withattenuation varies with
lengthlength frequencyfrequency bridge tapsbridge taps gaugegauge
9 DMT: On-Ramp
ADSL LoopsADSL Loops
d d
3-5 mile loops3-5 mile loops loops with bridge tapsloops with bridge taps
10 DMT: On-Ramp
VDSL LoopsVDSL Loops
LOOP VDSL5LOOP VDSL5LOOP VDSL1LOOP VDSL1
11 DMT: On-Ramp
CrosstalkCrosstalk
phone line 1phone line 1
phone line 2phone line 2
NEXTNEXT FEXTFEXT
Dominant noises, increased coupling at higherDominant noises, increased coupling at higherfrequencies - must be mitigated in designfrequencies - must be mitigated in designNEXT - 10NEXT - 10-13-13 f f1.5 1.5 ; FEXT - 10; FEXT - 10-19 -19 d |H(f)|d |H(f)|22 f f22
12 DMT: On-Ramp
Other NoisesOther Noises Radio Noise, AM, HAMRadio Noise, AM, HAM
1 mW differential into rcvr1 mW differential into rcvr must reject HAM by 70-90 dB (VDSL) and must reject HAM by 70-90 dB (VDSL) and
AM by 20-40 dB (ADSL)AM by 20-40 dB (ADSL) Impulse NoiseImpulse Noise
10’s millivolts10’s millivolts 100’s microseconds100’s microseconds narrowband (high amplitude)narrowband (high amplitude) broadband (low amplitude)broadband (low amplitude)
13 DMT: On-Ramp
Radio EmissionsRadio Emissions like crosstalk, except into radio receiverslike crosstalk, except into radio receivers VDSL amateur (HAM) bands Public Safety bandsVDSL amateur (HAM) bands Public Safety bands transmit in discontinuous bandstransmit in discontinuous bands
2 MHz2 MHz 3.5 MHz3.5 MHz
no signalno signalallowedallowed
signalsignalallowedallowed
10 MHz10 MHz
frequency
7 MHz7 MHz-60 dBm/Hz-60 dBm/Hz
-80 dBm/Hz-80 dBm/Hz
14 DMT: On-Ramp
OutlineOutline
Transmission ChallengesTransmission Challenges DMT vs the transmission challengesDMT vs the transmission challenges ADSL and T1.413 Standard DMTADSL and T1.413 Standard DMT V/XDSL and SDMTV/XDSL and SDMT Implementation TruthImplementation Truth
15 DMT: On-Ramp
DMT Loading BasicsDMT Loading Basics(adapts to each line)(adapts to each line)
FrequencyFrequency
FrequencyFrequency
AttenAtten
TWISTED-PAIRTWISTED-PAIR
Bits/chanBits/chan
FrequencyFrequency
Bits/chanBits/chan
FrequencyFrequency
CAPCAP
FrequencyFrequency
AttenAtten
TWISTED-PAIR with TAP, AM/RF, and XTALKTWISTED-PAIR with TAP, AM/RF, and XTALK
AMAM
xtalkxtalk
Bits/chanBits/chan
FrequencyFrequency
Bits/chanBits/chan
600 Million phone lines and growing fast!600 Million phone lines and growing fast!
Bellcore tests, 1993 (ANSI Standard)Bellcore tests, 1993 (ANSI Standard)GTE tests, 1996 ; NSTL, 1996GTE tests, 1996 ; NSTL, 1996
16 DMT: On-Ramp
Competitive Tests , CAP vs DMTCompetitive Tests , CAP vs DMT 1993 - ANSI Bake off - 1.5 Mbps (Bellcore)1993 - ANSI Bake off - 1.5 Mbps (Bellcore)
Again 1996/7 - GTEAgain 1996/7 - GTE 1997 Tests - 6 Mbps/640 kbps1997 Tests - 6 Mbps/640 kbps
CAP RADSL range limit - 1.5 km - coverage 50%CAP RADSL range limit - 1.5 km - coverage 50% DMT range limit - >2.5 km - coverage 95%DMT range limit - >2.5 km - coverage 95% 28 dB improvement28 dB improvement
DMT consumed less power !!DMT consumed less power !!
Loop 4 Loop 6 Loop 9 Loop 18Amati DMT
RTEC QAMATT/WT CAP
+8 +7 >+16 > +10
-6 -8 +7 +1
FAIL FAIL FAIL FAIL
17 DMT: On-Ramp
DMT Impulse ControlDMT Impulse Control
(time)(time)
amplitudeamplitude (AMI,2B1Q, PAM,QAM/CAP, VSB, etc.)
errors with time-domain
errors with time-domain
amplitudeamplitude
(freq)(freq)
no errors with DMT (or other freq-domain methods)no errors with DMT (or other freq-domain methods)
256 Tones is 20-24 dB advantage (before any FEC)
Low latencyLow latency Less memoryLess memory
18 DMT: On-Ramp
1996 Telchoice/NSTLResults1996 Telchoice/NSTLResults
See October 12 issueSee October 12 issue File transfer speeds with TCP/IPFile transfer speeds with TCP/IP Amati DMT modemAmati DMT modem
1.5M/160k ; 4M/384k (also 8M)1.5M/160k ; 4M/384k (also 8M) >99% of bit rate on file transfer>99% of bit rate on file transfer ranges from 15000 ft to 22000 ftranges from 15000 ft to 22000 ft file transfer speed is several times CAP capabilityfile transfer speed is several times CAP capability
CAP modem used 7 Watts (DMT was 6.1W)CAP modem used 7 Watts (DMT was 6.1W)
19 DMT: On-Ramp
Radio EmissionsRadio Emissions like crosstalk, except into radio receivers (BT recording)like crosstalk, except into radio receivers (BT recording)
frequency
VDSLradio receiver
no signalno signalallowedallowed
2 MHz2 MHz 3.5 MHz3.5 MHz 7 MHz7 MHz 10 MHz10 MHz
signalsignalallowedallowed
no VDSLno VDSL CAPCAP DMTDMT CAPCAP DMTDMT CAPCAP
20 DMT: On-Ramp
OutlineOutline
Transmission ChallengesTransmission Challenges DMT vs the transmission challengesDMT vs the transmission challenges ADSL and T1.413 Standard DMTADSL and T1.413 Standard DMT V/XDSL and SDMTV/XDSL and SDMT Implementation TruthImplementation Truth
21 DMT: On-Ramp
Asymmetric DSL (ADSL)Asymmetric DSL (ADSL)
Telco COTelco CO
POTSPOTS(or ISDN)(or ISDN)
SwitchSwitch
splitsplit
split
ATMATMoror
10BT/42210BT/422
8 Mbps
800 kbps ADSLADSL
video switchvideo switch
ADSLADSLAccessAccessMuxMux
(bridge)(bridge)
ADSLADSL
ADSLADSL
.
.
ADSLADSL
internetinternet
22 DMT: On-Ramp
Rate AdaptionRate Adaption
DMT will rate adaptDMT will rate adapt allows connection on almost any line at highest allows connection on almost any line at highest
reliable ratereliable rate match to internet usematch to internet use
0
2
4
6
8
Mbps
Range
0-1.5 miles 1.5-2.5 miles
2.5-3.5 miles 3.5-5 miles
23 DMT: On-Ramp
Design Details - ADSL T1.413 Design Details - ADSL T1.413 (ANSI/ETSI)(ANSI/ETSI)
256 tones - DMT, about 4 kHz (4.375)256 tones - DMT, about 4 kHz (4.375) multiples of 32 kbps, Rate Adaptivemultiples of 32 kbps, Rate Adaptive Full training, OAMP primitivesFull training, OAMP primitives RS FEC, Trellis (4D Wei)RS FEC, Trellis (4D Wei) fast/slow dual latency pathfast/slow dual latency path Issue 2 now virtually complete, adds ATMIssue 2 now virtually complete, adds ATM ITU g.adsl standard evolvingITU g.adsl standard evolving
24 DMT: On-Ramp
DMT Suppliers/Customers - ADSLDMT Suppliers/Customers - ADSL
Suppliers - Alcatel, Amati, Analog Dev, Suppliers - Alcatel, Amati, Analog Dev, Ericsson, Fujitsu, Motorola, NEC, Nokia, Ericsson, Fujitsu, Motorola, NEC, Nokia, Nortel, Siemens, Texas InstrumentsNortel, Siemens, Texas Instruments
Telco’s - DT, FT, BT, Bezec, Swiss PTT, Telco’s - DT, FT, BT, Bezec, Swiss PTT, KT,Telstra, GTE, Pacific Bell, Ameritech, KT,Telstra, GTE, Pacific Bell, Ameritech, SW Bell, Bell South, HKT, Telia, ...SW Bell, Bell South, HKT, Telia, ...
25 DMT: On-Ramp
OutlineOutline
Transmission ChallengesTransmission Challenges DMT vs the transmission challengesDMT vs the transmission challenges ADSL and T1.413 Standard DMTADSL and T1.413 Standard DMT V/XDSL and SDMTV/XDSL and SDMT Implementation TruthImplementation Truth
26 DMT: On-Ramp
Asymmetric VDSLAsymmetric VDSL
Higher Speeds, 2,6,13, 26, 52 Higher Speeds, 2,6,13, 26, 52 MbpsMbps
Shorter Distances .5 to 3 kmShorter Distances .5 to 3 km Symmetric and/or AsymmetricSymmetric and/or Asymmetric STANDARDS PROJECTSTANDARDS PROJECT
ANSI T1E1.4ANSI T1E1.4 ETSI TM6ETSI TM6
6-26 Mbps6-26 Mbps
NODENODE
(i.e., ONU)(i.e., ONU)
fiberfiber
wirelesswireless
1.0 km1.0 km
26 Mbps26 Mbps
Similar to ADSL, exceptSimilar to ADSL, exceptvery low power requirementvery low power requirementshorter distances and higher shorter distances and higher speeds.speeds.
27 DMT: On-Ramp
BLDG 1BLDG 1 BLDG 2BLDG 2
Symmetric VDSLSymmetric VDSL
fiberfiber
wirelesswireless
300 meters/1000 ft.300 meters/1000 ft.
IIMMUUXX
IIMMUUXX
OLDOLD
VDSLVDSLATM: 26 MbpsATM: 26 Mbps
10BT: 10 Mbps10BT: 10 MbpsHDSL: 1.5 MbpsHDSL: 1.5 Mbps
Avoid Inverse Mux costs (large)Avoid Inverse Mux costs (large) connect buildings within campusconnect buildings within campus Symmetric - early market is data com/enterprize netSymmetric - early market is data com/enterprize net progress to full service as telco’s evolveprogress to full service as telco’s evolve
28 DMT: On-Ramp
SDMT “Ping-Pong” SuperframeSDMT “Ping-Pong” Superframe25 25 ss
500 500 ss
DownstreamDownstream““ping”ping”
UpstreamUpstream““pong”pong”
Program length of “ping” and “pong” for Program length of “ping” and “pong” for asymmetric vs symmetricasymmetric vs symmetric
500 microsecond frame/delay, synchronized 500 microsecond frame/delay, synchronized SDMT Group to ANSI/ETSI:SDMT Group to ANSI/ETSI:
Alcatel, Amati, Cadence, NEC, Rockwell, Alcatel, Amati, Cadence, NEC, Rockwell, Samsung, Siemens, SGS-T, TI Samsung, Siemens, SGS-T, TI
Amati/NEC version is 1997 - it’s tiny! Amati/NEC version is 1997 - it’s tiny! “Piccolo”“Piccolo”
DownstreamDownstream““ping”ping”
UpUp““pong”pong”
29 DMT: On-Ramp
Asymmetric Range/RateAsymmetric Range/Rate
30 DMT: On-Ramp
Symmetric Range/RateSymmetric Range/Rate
31 DMT: On-Ramp
OutlineOutline
Transmission ChallengesTransmission Challenges DMT vs the transmission challengesDMT vs the transmission challenges ADSL and T1.413 Standard DMTADSL and T1.413 Standard DMT V/XDSL and SDMTV/XDSL and SDMT Implementation TruthImplementation Truth
32 DMT: On-Ramp
•Two VLSI approaches to “x”DSLTwo VLSI approaches to “x”DSL
Telecom semiconductor approachTelecom semiconductor approach (Motorola, Alcatel, SGS-T, ADI, NEC)(Motorola, Alcatel, SGS-T, ADI, NEC) single chip integrated analog/digitalsingle chip integrated analog/digital ATM interfaces - full serviceATM interfaces - full service
Datacom semiconductor approachDatacom semiconductor approach (Rockwell, TI, Amati, Mo-IS)(Rockwell, TI, Amati, Mo-IS) Heavy softwareHeavy software CO concentrates, modem changes through CO concentrates, modem changes through
softwaresoftware
33 DMT: On-Ramp
Power/Price of Concentrated Power/Price of Concentrated solutionsolution
< ADSL< ADSL power under 1 W/line at COpower under 1 W/line at CO Price - the power supply dominates at Price - the power supply dominates at
CO sideCO side RT is usual modem priceRT is usual modem price
34 DMT: On-Ramp
ConclusionConclusion
TP transmission hardTP transmission hard DMT excellent matchDMT excellent match
good performancegood performance lowest power/costlowest power/cost truly availabletruly available Widely deployed and in many Telco’s Widely deployed and in many Telco’s
network plansnetwork plans