do you follow instructions

FAVA - Formación en Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje

DO YOU FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS?

Estructura de contenidos

1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................3

2. FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS. ....................................................5

2.1 What is an Instruction? .........................................................6

2.2 Is it important to have a plan? ...............................................7

2.3 How to make the questions. ..................................................7

2.4 The sequence is important in a process. ..................................10

HOW TO MAKE A SANDWICH: .......................................................11

2.5 What goes first Sunday or Friday? ............................................11

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FAVA - Formación en Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje

Do you follow instructions?

SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje

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1. INTRODUCTION

To understand the logic´s concepts, it is necessary to learn how to read and write good instructions.

When you get up every day, you unconsciously follow a series of steps without thinking too much on them; for example:

1.

First, You wake up at 6:00 am

2.

Next, You brush your teeth




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3.

Then, You take a shower

4.

After that, You have breakfast


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5.

Finally, You get to work or study

When you are not clear enough with your instructions, others will not be able to understand and follow the instructions either. Therefore, like in daily activities, every step has a process that requires a logical order. The resolution of algorithms should be done with coherence in order to be as clearest as possible, to get the exact and correct result too.

For example, you first take the shower before getting dressed; you have breakfast, lunch or dinner before brushing your teeth, not the opposite process.

This activity will be of help to identify and comprehend the logical order or sequence of any process in your life.

2. FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS.

The Logic is in relationship with developed thought. It is divided into simple and complex matters. The simple ones are the elementary ways of thinking like the concept, judgment and reasoning, and no matter how big the thought, or its complexity; it should be reduced to one of these branches. The simple logic starts with elementary concepts and daily routines. Therefore, the next explanations will be of help for you to understand better the logic and algorithms concepts and apply them to common and typical situations.




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Example:

Develop the following instructions:

1. Draw a 2 x 4 inches rectangule.

2. Draw three circles in it from top to down.

3. Color the top circle in red.

4. Color the down circle in green.

5. Draw a line from the bottom to down.

6. Color the center circle in yellow.

What is the name of that drawing? Result: Traffic Light.

Imagine that the instructions of that ítem were confused; can you imagine what can it happen in a city?

2.1 What is an Instruction?

In Computing: a direction in a computer program defining and effecting an operation.

To develop a solving problem solution, you must understand and comprehend all the details implicit and explicit in it. This is why, to establish a plan (algorithm) is compulsory to get the best option to solve it.

Only when you are able to decode all the linguistic implications, you will find the ways to get the best answer for that problem. Starting from the basic details to the general idea; this is the easiest way to find the answers key.




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2.2 Is it important to have a plan?

Yes, it is. To analyze the problem and prepare a plan you need to learn the use of different WH-questions to manage the information and time to solve it efficiently.

There are two types of Questions: Yes-No Questions and Wh Questions, both are important in order to clarify the details for making the plan.

The yes-no questions only accept two possibilities of answer: Yes or No. It is the same when you are asked to answer True (T) or False (F) in a questionnaire.

The WH questions are also called information questions, since they answer to a specific word or words.

2.3 How to make the questions.

In order to know the problem you must understand the way to ask questions.

-WHAT:

1. We use what to ask for clarifications:

Jhon: What is the problem?

Mary: I don´t know.

2. We often add kind of to the question word what.

Jhon: What kind of problem is that?

Mary: It´s a difficult problem.

3. We can also add type of to the question word what.

Jhon: What type of problem is that?

Mary: It´s a simple problem.




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4. We can add a noun or a noun phrase to what to make a question

-WHERE: The answer is a place.

Jhon: Where is the problem?

Mary: The problem is in the director´s office.

-WHEN: The answer should be a general time or a specific hour.

Jhon: When did he come?

Mary: He came in the evening.

He came at 6.30.

-WHO: The answer should be one or more persons.

Jhon: Who was/were at the company today?

Mary: Jhon was at the company today.

The students were at the company today.

-WHY: The answer should be a justification.

Jhon: Why are you studying algorithms?

Mary: I am studying algorithms because I have to do a project.

-WHOSE: The answer is a subject.

Jhon: Whose course is it for?

Mary: It´s for Mr. Arias´course.

-HOW LONG: The answer is the activity´s last.

Jhon: How long will it take you to finish?

Mary: I can finish by midnight.

I may take me another day.




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-HOW MANY: The answer is a countable noun.

Jhon: How many learners are there in your team?

Mary: There are five learners in my team.

-HOW MUCH: The answer is a uncountable noun.

Jhon: How much time do you have for the project?

Mary: I do not have too much time for it.

I do not have enough time.

-HOW OFTEN: The answer is an adverb of frequency.

Jhon: How often did the problem happen?

Mary: The problem almost always happened in the morning.

-HOW FAR: The answer is a distance.

Jhon: How far is your house from here?

Mary: It is 10 minutes by walking.

-WHOM: The answer is a person or persons.

Jhon: Whom does your mother love?

Mary: My mother loves my father.

Jhon: Whom does your brother respect?

Mary: My brother respects my parents.




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2.4 The sequence is important in a process.

To develop a récipe, or a duty that requires a process, it is necessary to follow carefully the instructions if you want to get the exact product without making mistakes, as well as the use of sequence adverbs or connecting words.

They are also useful in any type of narrative which requires a description of sequence.

The following should be the sequence to analyze a problem.

There are 5 steps,

1. First… Understand the problem.

2. Then… to design the plan

3. Next… translate the plan

4. After that… debug the problem

5. Finally… to get the solution

You can use the verb in the infinitive form. It is similar to when you give an order.




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Example:

Complete the sequence in logical order using the following sequence adverbs: Finally, After that, First, Then, Next.

HOW TO MAKE A SANDWICH:

Cut the slices of tomato.Spread butter into two slices of bread.Enjoy it.Put the slice of bread on top.Put the slices of tomato and cheeseAdd jam, lettuce and sausage.

Result:

First, Spread butter into two slices of bread.

Cut the slices of tomato.

Next, cut the slices of potatoes. Spread butter into two slices of bread.

After that, Put the slices of tomato and cheese.

Enjoy it.

Next, Add jam, lettuce and sausage

Put the slice of bread on top.

Then, Put the slice of bread on top

Put the slices of tomato and cheese

Finally, enjoy it. Add jam, lettuce and sausage.

As you can see there is an start, a development, and an ending. This develops a logical sequence.

2.5 What goes first Sunday or Friday?

Almost everyone likes Friday or considers Friday the best day of the week. Do you prefer Fridays or Sundays? The answer almost always is Friday, because it comes before Sundays and it is the day when many people can have fun and go to bed late.




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Practice the pronunciation of each word in order to be familiarized with it, since you will be asked to develop oral activities in the future.

2.6 Numbers, Days, Seasons, Months of the Year.

ORDER MONTHS DAYSCARDINAL NUMBERS

ORDINAL NUMBERS

SEASONS

1. January Monday One (1) First (1st) Winter2. February Tuesday Two (2) Second (2nd) Spring 3. March Wednesday Three (3) Third (3rd) Summer

4. April Thrusday Four (4) Fourth (4th)Fall/Autumn

5. May Friday Five (5) Fifth (5th)6. June Saturday Six (6) Sixth (6th)7. July Sunday Seven (7) Seventh (7th)8. August Eight (8) Eighth (8th)

9. September Nine (9) Ninth(9th)

10. October Ten (10) Tenth (10th)

11. November Eleven (11)Eleventh (11th)

12. December Twelve (12)Twelfth (12th)

13.Thirteen

(13)Thirteenth

(13th)

14.Fourteen

(14)Fourteenth

(14th)

15.Fifteen (15)

Fifteenth (15th)

16.Sixteen (16)

Sixteenth (16th)

17.Seventeen

(17)Seventeenth

(17th)

18.Eighteen

(18)Eighteenth

(18th)

19.Nineteen

(19)Nineteenth

(19th)

20. Twenty (20)Twentieth (20th)

21.Twenty-one

(21)twenty-first

(21st)

22.Twenty-two

(22)twenty-second

(22nd)

23.Twenty-

three (23)twenty-third

(23rd)

24.Twenty-four

(24)twenty-fourth

(24th)




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25.Twenty-five

(25)twenty-fifth

(25th)

26.Twenty-six

(26)twenty-sixth

(26th)

27.Twenty-

seven (27)

twenty-seventh (27th)

28.Twenty-

eight (28)twenty-eighth

(28th)

29.Twenty-nine

(29)twenty-ninth

(29th)

30. Thirty (30)Thirtieth (30th)

31.Thirty-one

(31)Thirty-first

(31st)

32. Fourty (40)Fortieth (40th)

33. Fifty (50)Fiftieth (50th)

34. Sixty (60)Sixtieth (60th)

35.Seventy (70)

Seventieth (70th)

36. Eithty (80)Eightieth (80th)

37. Ninety (90)Ninetieth (90th)

38.One Hundred

(100)one hundredth

(100th)

39.One

Thousand (1000)

one thousandth (1000th)

40.One Million (1000000)

one millionth (1000000th)

Example:

The Months of the Year, the Days of the Week, ordinal numbers and cardinal numbers develop a sequence or a logical order.

1. What day goes first? Sunday or Friday?

Answer: Friday goes first.

2. What day is between Wednesday and Friday?




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Answer: Thursday.

3. How do you continue the process?

Second, fourth, sixth, …

Answer: eighth, tenth, twelfth…

4. This is the Season when the flowers bloom.

Answer: Spring.

Winter

Spring

Summer

Fall/Autumn


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GLOSARIO

According: De acuerdo con

Adverbs: Adverbios

After: Después

Bread: Pan

Check: Chequear

Each: Cada

Excess: Exceso

Fall/Autum: Otoño

Follow: Seguir

Next: Luego

Oil: Aceite

Read: Leer

Recipe: Receta

Required: Requerida

Sault: Sal

Season: Estación

Sequence: Secuencia

Slice: Tajada, pedazo.

Spring: Primavera

Summer: Verano

Then: Entonces, luego

Understand: Entender

Winter: Invierno

Word: Palabra


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BIBLIOGRAFÍA

Free TOEFL practice tests. (http://www.duoc-teachers.mundomas.com/index.php).

English Grammar on line: (http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/vocabulary/numbers/ordinal).

English Grammar on line: (http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/vocabulary/numbers/exercises?type=ordinal).

http://www.elcivics.com/esl-crossword-puzzles/crossword-puzzles.html

Aplicaciones para pc: (http://www.alot.com).

Free dictionary (http://www.dictionaryboss.com)

Free dictionary (http://www.pocket-oxford-english-dictionary.softonic.com/pocketpc).

Disponible en la Biblioteca digital SENA (Solo está autorizado y disponible desde la red del SENA) (http://site.ebrary.com/lib/senavirtualsp/docDetail.action?docID=10498404&adv.x=1&p00=java&f00=all&p01=%22Java+%28Computer+Program+Language%29%22&f01=glossary).


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Control de documento

Construcción Objeto de Aprendizaje


Desarrollador de contenido Experto temático

Alba Nury Cardona Yepes

Asesor pedagógico Rafael Neftalí Lizcano Reyes

Claudia Milena Hernández Naranjo

Producción Multimedia Luis Fernando Botero Mendoza Martha Lucia Chaves Niño

Programadores Daniel Eduardo Martínez

Líder expertos temáticos Ana Yaqueline Chavarro Parra

Líder línea de producción Santiago Lozada Garcés

do you follow instructions

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