ByBy
Prof. Lydia AyersProf. Lydia Ayers
FormFormFormForm• the shell or mold that holds the the shell or mold that holds the
details of musicdetails of music• gives musicgives music
• shapeshape• structurestructure• organizationorganization• coherencecoherence
• the organization of musical elements the organization of musical elements in timein time
What Creates Form?What Creates Form?What Creates Form?What Creates Form?• repetitionrepetition
• we get pleasure in recognizing somethingwe get pleasure in recognizing something
• determined by similarity and contrastdetermined by similarity and contrast• contrastcontrast
• gives forward motion, conflict and changegives forward motion, conflict and change• opposition propels and develops musical opposition propels and develops musical
ideasideas
• variationvariation• some features used againsome features used again• other features changedother features changed
Binary FormBinary FormBinary FormBinary Form• composition divided into two large composition divided into two large
sectionssections• A: A: statementstatement• B: B: counterstatementcounterstatement
• can repeat either or both of the sectionscan repeat either or both of the sections• a typical binary harmonic plan:a typical binary harmonic plan:
A Cadence
I V
B Cadence
V I
FormFormFormForm• GigueGigue:: A type of happy dance often A type of happy dance often
performed by musicians who've just performed by musicians who've just landed a landed a giggig (slang term for a job or (slang term for a job or performance).performance).
• David Barber, David Barber, Tenors, Tantrums and TrillsTenors, Tantrums and Trills
Cold Chisel gig
Binary FormBinary FormBinary FormBinary Form• A A B BA A B B
• [ewmii:58][ewmii:58] Elizabeth Jacquet de la Guerre: Elizabeth Jacquet de la Guerre: "Suite No. 1, 2nd Gigue" from "Suite No. 1, 2nd Gigue" from Pièces de Pièces de ClavecinClavecin
• 0:000:00 AA
lilting, disjunct theme in D Minor, 4-measure phraseslilting, disjunct theme in D Minor, 4-measure phrases
with some embellishments; ends in A majorwith some embellishments; ends in A major
0:360:36 A repeatedA repeated
Binary FormBinary FormBinary FormBinary Form• Jacquet de la Guerre: "Suite No. 1, 2nd Jacquet de la Guerre: "Suite No. 1, 2nd
Gigue" from Gigue" from Pièces de ClavecinPièces de Clavecin• 1:121:12 BB
more conjunct line, highly ornamentedmore conjunct line, highly ornamented
longer than A section; finally returns to D minorlonger than A section; finally returns to D minor
2:092:09 B repeatedB repeated
Ternary FormTernary FormTernary FormTernary Form• composition divided into three large composition divided into three large
sectionssections• A: A: statementstatement• B: B: contrastcontrast• A: A: returnreturn
• the B material often presents a strong the B material often presents a strong contrast to the A materialcontrast to the A material
• the final section is often nearly the same the final section is often nearly the same as the opening sectionas the opening section
Ternary FormTernary FormTernary FormTernary Form
• can repeat any or all of the sectionscan repeat any or all of the sections• sections can be subdivided:sections can be subdivided:
A
a b aB
c d cA
a b a
Ternary FormTernary FormTernary FormTernary Form• the A section usually ends on the tonicthe A section usually ends on the tonic• the B section is usually in a different key the B section is usually in a different key
from the A section, and it usually begins from the A section, and it usually begins and ends in that keyand ends in that key
• the B section usually ends with a strong the B section usually ends with a strong cadencecadence
• a typical ternary harmonic plan:a typical ternary harmonic plan:
A Cadence
I I
A Cadence
I I
B Cadence
V V
Ternary FormTernary FormTernary FormTernary Form• A B B AA B B A
• <ewm2:34><ewm2:34> Schumann: "An Important Event" Schumann: "An Important Event" (No. 6) from (No. 6) from Kinderscenen,Kinderscenen, op. 15 op. 15
Aa a
B
FormFormFormForm
• [MAPs2000-12][MAPs2000-12] Amazing Grace (1:05)Amazing Grace (1:05)
a
a"
b
a'
Dramatic ShapeDramatic ShapeDramatic ShapeDramatic Shape• the psychological or emotional contour the psychological or emotional contour
of the workof the work
time
moresuccessfulcontours
climax =dramatic peak
inte
ns
ity
OR
ppp
fff
lesssuccessfulcontour
time
inte
ns
ity
ppp
fff
for taking the course!for taking the course!http://www.salisburygreenhouse.com/Contact%20Us.htmhttp://www.salisburygreenhouse.com/Contact%20Us.htm
for taking the course!for taking the course!http://www.salisburygreenhouse.com/Contact%20Us.htmhttp://www.salisburygreenhouse.com/Contact%20Us.htm