need…
need [need]- noun1.a requirement2.necessity arising from the circumstances of a situation or case3.an unfulfilled physiological or psychological desire
need theories…hierarchy of needs theory
erg theory
two-factor theory
acquired needs theory
what is the common ground?
motivation…mo·ti·va·tion [moh-tuh-vey-shuhn]- noun1.to give incentive to2.provide with a reason to act in a certain way3.forces within an individual that account for the level, direction and persistence of effort expended
equity theory…eq·ui·ty [ek-wi-tee]- noun1.the quality of being fair or impartial2.some that is fair and just
equity theory…
responses include
change work inputs…outputschange rewards receivedchange comparison pointschange the situation
reinforcement theory…the law of effect•behavior followed by pleasant consequences is likely to be repeated•behavior followed by unpleasant consequences is not likely
job design…
arranging work tasks for individuals and groups with the goal of enhancing employee motivation and other outcomes.
traditional approaches include:simplificationrotationenlargement
job enrichment model…
skill variety
task identity
task significanceautonomy
feedback
core job characteristic
s
critical psychological
statesexperienced
meaningfulness of the work
experienced responsibility for outcomes of the
workknowledge of
actual results of the work
job outcomes
• high internal work motivation
• high growth satisfaction
• high general job satisfaction
• high work effectiveness
employee growth-need strengthknowledge & skills
context satisfactions
modern take on job design…
flexible working hours
compressed workweek
job sharing
telecommuting
contingency work
part-time work