Patterns of TradeFrom medieval - 1750 C.E.
What are the benefits of studying the past regarding this subject today?
Cultural Diffusionand the
Columbian Exchange
300CE1-300CE BCE
Patterns of Trade Patterns of Trade
Cultural DiffusionCultural Diffusion
900 CE – 1750 CE
Welcome to our world
MODERN
We will be looking at the exchange of
ideas & goods from 300 CE to
1750 CE.
and how they led to
Many connections were established Many connections were established among regions that formed among regions that formed interregional patterns of unity.interregional patterns of unity.
North and South America Afroeurasia
From 300-1500 CE, trade routes extended farther and were used by more travelers.
TradeTrade
Slide #5 Student notes: Slide #5 Student notes: Transport and communication Transport and communication
technology improved. technology improved.
AstrolabeAstrolabeLateen sailLateen sail
North Arabian North Arabian Camel SaddleCamel Saddle
Books & paperBooks & paperStern-rudderStern-rudder
StirrupStirrup
MapmakingMapmaking
IdeasIdeas
• The pace of innovation The pace of innovation increasedincreased
• Knowledge accumulated more Knowledge accumulated more quicklyquickly
• Manufacturing and farming Manufacturing and farming productivity increasedproductivity increased
• People’s diets and health People’s diets and health improvedimproved
• Sea travel and transport Sea travel and transport increasedincreased
How did transfers of technology and products change people’s lives in
Afroeurasia?
IdeasIdeas
Slide #6 Student notes:Slide #6 Student notes:
Scholars translated books, taught others, and worked to gain knowledge
Trade introduced people to new products, increasing demand for luxuries
Money moved across countryside and continents in exchange for goods
Religious ideas were hotly debated, and ordinary people worshipped daily
Ruling groups debated laws, and military struggles continued
Exchanges that began in Afroeurasia continued to bring
about changeCont. Slide #6 Student notes write a
couple:
Columbus 1492 Vasco Da Gama
1498
Magellan 1519
After 1415, European mariners made voyages across the seas toward east and west. By 1519, Magellan had
circumnavigated the globe. Others set out in search of wealth, adventure and fame.
Slide #8 Student notes: Slide #8 Student notes:
You might say, You might say, by 1500 CE, the by 1500 CE, the
world was world was connected, connected, rightright??
If you had to put all of these
changes into one sentence, what
would it be?
But wait! You still haven’t said much about the Americas!But wait! You still haven’t said much about the Americas!
Well…the Americas Well…the Americas and Afroeurasia and Afroeurasia
were not yet were not yet permanentlypermanently linked linked
together.together.
…not until 1492…
When Columbus sailed the ocean
blue…
So, by 1492, European So, by 1492, European mariners set out on mariners set out on
trans-oceanic voyages trans-oceanic voyages to the Americas. to the Americas.
Those voyages linked the Americas with Afroeurasia for the first time since the migrations of people over
13,000 years earlier!
It had to happen sooner or later!It had to happen sooner or later!
Slide #11 Student notes: Slide #11 Student notes:
Cultural exchange in Afroeurasia before 1500 CE resulted in the technologies that made transoceanic voyages possible.
Is that why people from Afroeurasia Is that why people from Afroeurasia discovered the Americas, and not the discovered the Americas, and not the
opposite?opposite?
Stern-rudderStern-rudder
CompassCompass
Lateen SailLateen Sail
MapmakingMapmaking
The Columbian ExchangeThe Columbian Exchange
Plants, animals and micro-organisms of Afroeurasia were exchanged Plants, animals and micro-organisms of Afroeurasia were exchanged with those of the Americas across the oceans.with those of the Americas across the oceans.
Slide #13 Slide #13 Student notes: Student notes:
Columbian Exchange New crops like potatoes
and beans spread and improved nutrition worldwide.
Luxury products like coffee, chocolate, tea, tobacco and spices meant new cultural habits for those with money to spend.
Population & Population & EnvironmentEnvironment
Global cash crops were grown on large plantations with slave labor
Caribbean sugar plantation, 1600s
Slide #15 Student notes: Slide #15 Student notes: Environmental changes resulted from Environmental changes resulted from
introducing new speciesintroducing new species
Livestock Livestock introduced to the introduced to the Americas changed Americas changed indigenous groups’ indigenous groups’ ways of lifeways of life
Plains woman hunting buffalo, 1800s
Population & Population & EnvironmentEnvironment
Islam and Christianity spread with Islam and Christianity spread with empires, trade, and migrationempires, trade, and migration
• Traders and Sufi orders Traders and Sufi orders spread Islam in Africa and Asiaspread Islam in Africa and Asia• The Ottoman Empire pressed The Ottoman Empire pressed into eastern Europe. into eastern Europe.
• Catholic missionaries followed the Catholic missionaries followed the spread of the Spanish empirespread of the Spanish empire
• Jesuits worked in AsiaJesuits worked in Asia
• Protestants colonized North AmericaProtestants colonized North America
Population & Population & EnvironmentEnvironment
What a What a handsome handsome
guy!guy!
Mapmakers Mapmakers finally got my finally got my portrait right!portrait right!
15071484
1520 1780
Ideas & Ideas & InventionsInventions
Define: CULTURAL DIFFUSIONCultural diffusion is the spreading of ideas or products from one culture to another.
GOODS, IDEAS AND PEOPLE ARE NOW MOVING AROUND THE WORLD CONTINUING CROSS CULTURALIZATION AND…..Slide #18 Student notes:Slide #18 Student notes:
Slide # 19 Student Slide # 19 Student notes: notes:
Trade & Trade & ManufacturingManufacturing
Trade encircled the globe: The Columbian Exchange was a dramatically widespread exchange of animals, plants, culture and human populations (including slaves), communicable diseases, and ideas between the Eastern and Western hemispheres.
Let us draw conclusions:
Explain 7 benefits of global trade on civilization, list examples for
each benefit.
Formulate your ideas then write & explain 7 examples that you learned from this
presentation. (Use the graphic organizer)