European Middle Ages500-1400
European Middle Ages500-1500
Middle Ages-Intro. ActivityAlso known as Medieval Times or the Dark
Ages
List 5 things that come to mind. Consider when and where we are talking
about, what happens during that time, what life was like.
Draw a picture to describe the Middle Ages (medieval times)
Share with a partner what you listed and your picture.
Discuss your pictures and your 5 things.
An Age of TransitionYears between 400s
and about 1500Time period known
as the Middle Ages, or the medieval time period(The Dark Ages)
End of the classical age and the beginning of the modern world.
Catholic Church becomes the central institution of Western Europe
Middle Ages society is based on Feudalism
Cause Fall of Rome
1. No Central
Authority2.Constant Invasion3. Smaller Kingdoms4. More Church
authority
Effect Feudalism
A New Social OrderFeudalism- A social
and political system in which nobles are granted the use of land that legally belongs to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of peasants
People of the Middles AgesSocial Classes
were usually inherited
Determined a person’s prestige and power
Very Limited Social Mobility
Feudalism AssignmentForm work
groups of 3Chapter 13,
section 2, page 294
Worksheet-Due Friday
1-10 plus define the following terms on the back of the sheet: Fief, Vassal, Serfs, Manoralism
Medieval Times Packet Use the packet and
section 2 to take notes(summarize) on the following:
Nobles, Knights, Peasants-lifestyle
Feudal Justice Manorial System
Gather as much information you will be making a poster on feudalism and will need as much information as possible.
Feudal SystemPyramid
Peasants1 picture
Where they live/ Lifestyle/ Food
Marriage/ Family
Recreation
Childhood/
Education
2-Myths/Legends 1picture
Feudal Justice
Nobles/ Royalty
1 picture
Where they live/Lifestyle/Foo
d
Marriage/
Family
Recreation
Childhood/ Education
Knights1
picture
Marriage/ Chivalry
Training/Educatio
n
Armor
Did you
know?
Feudal System Pyramid
World’s Collide Writing AssignmentImagine you
were to meet someone from the Middle Ages and have a conversation with them.
Write a creative story about your encounter
Noble, Knight or Peasant
Include the following terms: fief, vassal or lord, manor, feudalism
Discuss some of the following from both time periods: government, society and lifestyle, social class, entertainment, dress, gender roles, marriage, what life is like, in general.
30 points, Due Monday (minimum of 2 pages-front and back)
Creativity, use of knowledge of the Middle Ages, use of terms
The New Rome (Byzantine Empire)Rome crumbles after invasions by Germanic tribesSplits into East and WestConstantine planned Constantinople to be the new
Rome in the EastConstantine’s nephew, Justinian, took over the
throne. Under Justine, the empire:
◦ Took over both the eastern and western parts.◦ Recovered North Africa.◦ Won over nearly all of Italy and parts of Spain.
Justinian CodeHagia Sophia “Holy Wisdom:” Most splendid church
in the Christian WorldMysterious Plague
The Rise of the Franks-Charlemagne Why was Clovis an
important figure in Western history?
Who were the Moors? Where did they come from?
Who is Charles ‘The Hammer’ Martel? What does he do that is important?
List 3 things that make Charlemagne the most important king of the middle ages.
How does Charlemagne spread Christianity?
Readings
Vikings Where do the Vikings come from? List 3 things that make the Vikings a formidable and
intimidating enemy. What does Alfred the Great do? What becomes of the Vikings? List 2 ways the Viking invasions change Europe. What are the terms of the Peace and Truce of God.
The CrusadesThe Crusades were
a series European led ‘holy wars’ for the holy land
The Crusades happened between 1096-1291
Forever changed European and World History!
Causes-Feared that Constantinople was going to get taken over by the Muslim Turks, (Byzantine Emperor) Sent out a call for help.Pope Urban II issued a call for what is known as a “Holy War”
Social Reasons Religious Reasons
Economic Reasons
Chance to move up ‘God Will’s It’ Opens trade
Gain property-wealth
Heaven and martyrdom if killed
Wealth of plunder
Militarization of Europe due Viking invasions
Control of biblical site
Shipbuilding, Weapons,etc
Travel, adventure, Faith
Church power and authority
Pope’s calling brought out tremendous outpouring of religious feelings and support50,000 to 60,000 knights became CrusadersPeople of all classesOver 100,000 on the 1st Crusade
Why Jerusalem and the Holy Land?
ChristianityJudaism
Islam
ChristianityBirth place of
JesusCrucifixion and
ResurrectionSite of Jesus
teachingLast SupperChurch of the
Holy SepulcherNazareth: Jesus
hometown
JudaismHoliest city in
JudaismLocations of Holy
TemplesThought that this
area was where God gathered the dust he used to create the first man
IslamBelieved that
Muhammad traveled from Mecca to Jerusalem and back in a single night performing prayers
Muhammad assented to heaven
1st Crusades 1096-1099Crusaders from France, Germany, England,
Scotland, Italy, and Spain gathered outside of Constantinople
People of both genders and from all classes came together to over take Jerusalem
Unprepared for the geography, climate, or culture of the Holy Land
By the time they reached Jerusalem they were down to an army of 12,000 people
After about a month of fighting, the Crusaders finally captured Jerusalem-Slaughter everyone
Won over a stretch of land about 400 miles from Edessa in the North and Jerusalem in the South
2nd Crusade 1147-1149After the 1st crusade the
Crusaders were left vulnerable to Muslim counter attack.
Turks unite, attack and capture Northern Holy Land (Edessa)
Fails to regain lose territory, still control most of the Holy Land
3rd Crusades 1189-1192 In 1187, Jerusalem had fallen to Muslim
leader Saladin. Saladin: Most famous Muslim leader in the 1100’s Honest and Brave Goal was to free the earth from anyone
who does not believe in Allah To recapture Jerusalem from Muslims Lead by 3 of the most powerful leaders:
◦ Barbarossa- Drown◦ King Philip II- Fought with Richard◦ King Richard I-Fought with KP
After many ruthless battles between Richard Lionheart and Saladin they made a truce
Jerusalem would remain under Muslim control, but unarmed Christian’s could freely visit the city’s holy places.
4th Crusade 1202-1261In 1198, the
powerful Pope Innocent III, appealed for another crusade to capture Jerusalem
Fighting between the East and West was the reason why the crusaders only made it to Constantinople
Sack the city, led to eventual downfall
Children’s Crusades 1212Thousands of Children
set out for the Holy Land.
Only armed with the belief that God would give them Jerusalem.
Many died from the cold and starvations.
One group turned and went back.
Some drowned and others were captured and sold.
5th-9th CrusadesBecame increasingly common
and unsuccessful.Muslims maintained control of
Jerusalem and the Holy Land.Crusaders spirits dissipated.
Effects of the CrusadesPoliticalEconomicSocialCatholic ChurchOthers
Revival of Towns and Trade
Trade
Crusades creates
demand for new goods
Increases manufacturi
ng
Banking system and investing
Italy and France
become key
marketplace
Towns
Crusades leads to a growth in
towns
Creation of Middle
Class
Merchant and Craft Guilds
Increased rights and freedoms
The Black Death-1340s-1350sRead both handout and answer
the questionsWatch Video
Extra Credit-In a short essay, discuss the Black Death of the Middle Ages.(25 points) 5 paragraphs-1 page handwritten minimum.