Heart Disease NotesDid you know…
In one day blood travels 12,000 miles in your body!!
MMMMMMMMMMMMM
Cardiovascular Disease- Group of Diseases of the heart and blood
vessels.
** The Leading cause of death in the United States **Risk Factors – You Control
-Smoking -Hypertension
-Lack of Exercise -Poor Diet
-Obesity -High Cholesterol
2. Gender
3. Race
4. Age
Abdominal Fat
- Two Traditional Body shapes the “apple” (store additional wt. around waist/abdominal fat)
- And the “pear” (store additional wt. around hips and thighs)
- Men and women with the “apple” shape are more likely for HD, high blood pressure, and type II diabetes
Risk Factors – With No Control
1. Heredity **Premature Heart Attack Age**
Males: Before 55 Females: Before 65
Types of Heart Disease
1. Arteriosclerosis – General term for describing a hardening and thickening of the arteries.
2. Atherosclerosis – Fatty substances are deposited in the artery walls.
3. Angina Pectoris – Chest pain from a narrowing of the blood vessels in the heart.
4. Myocardial Infarction – Heart Attack, interruption of blood flow to the heart.
5. Arrhythmia – Irregular heart beat.
6. Hypertension – High Blood Pressure. (anything over 120/80)
Facts
- Each year there are about 1.3 million heart attacks
- about 632,000 will die
- about ½ wait over 2 hours before getting help
Signs of a Heart Attack
- Pressure, squeezing in chest
-Spread to shoulders, arms
neck, jaw
- Shortness of breath, sweating
- Nausea
Heart Attack
Treatment
Beta Blockers – slow heart rate, BP
Coronary Bypass Surgery
-A vein from another part of the body, often the leg, is grafted into a coronary artery so blood
flow is detoured around a blockage.
Balloon Angioplasty
-A balloon tipped catheter is inserted into the site of a blockage and inflated
-This pushes plaque against the artery wall = opening the blood flow
These small metal tubes prop open the heart's blood vessels
Stroke
- blood vessel in or around the brain bursts or becomes blocked.
- may be conscious or unconscious – Partial or total paralysis
- Pupils may be unequal
- breathing is slowed
-slurred speech
-Confusion
What to do?
- Lie down
- Head and shoulders slightly raised
- Relieve the force of blood on the brain
- CALL 911
Diabetes – Over 25 million Cases
- blood glucose levels are above normal
- most of the food we eat is turned into glucose, or sugar, and burned for energy
- pancreas makes insulin to help get glucose into the cells of our body
- with diabetes your body either can’t make enough or can’t use the insulin that it has.
* This causes sugar build up
Symptoms
- Frequent urination - Extreme hunger
- Excessive thirst - sudden vision change
- Unexplained wt. Loss - Very dry skin
More Symptoms
- Tingling or numbness in hands or feet
- feeling tired
- sores that are slow to heal
- more infections than usual
Types
Type 1 Diabetes – juvenile-onset or insulin dependant. Accounts for 5-10% of
cases.pumps
Type 2 Diabetes – adult-onset or non-insulin dependant. Accounts for 90-95% of cases. Body ignores.
Gestational Diabetes – Only pregnant women get. Occurs in 2-5% of pregnancy – Usually disappears after pregnancy.
Risk Factors for Diabetes
- older age - prior gestational diabetes
- obesity - physical inactivity
- Family history - Race
Treatment
- Healthy Eating
- physical activity
- insulin shots or
medications
- must have constant
blood/glucose monitoring
