Heart Disease NotesDid you know…

In one day blood travels 12,000 miles in your body!!

MMMMMMMMMMMMM

Cardiovascular Disease- Group of Diseases of the heart and blood

vessels.

** The Leading cause of death in the United States **Risk Factors – You Control

-Smoking -Hypertension

-Lack of Exercise -Poor Diet

-Obesity -High Cholesterol

2. Gender

3. Race

4. Age

Abdominal Fat

- Two Traditional Body shapes the “apple” (store additional wt. around waist/abdominal fat)

- And the “pear” (store additional wt. around hips and thighs)

- Men and women with the “apple” shape are more likely for HD, high blood pressure, and type II diabetes

Risk Factors – With No Control

1. Heredity **Premature Heart Attack Age**

Males: Before 55 Females: Before 65

Types of Heart Disease

1. Arteriosclerosis – General term for describing a hardening and thickening of the arteries.

2. Atherosclerosis – Fatty substances are deposited in the artery walls.

3. Angina Pectoris – Chest pain from a narrowing of the blood vessels in the heart.

4. Myocardial Infarction – Heart Attack, interruption of blood flow to the heart.

5. Arrhythmia – Irregular heart beat.

6. Hypertension – High Blood Pressure. (anything over 120/80)

Facts

- Each year there are about 1.3 million heart attacks

- about 632,000 will die

- about ½ wait over 2 hours before getting help

Signs of a Heart Attack

- Pressure, squeezing in chest

-Spread to shoulders, arms

neck, jaw

- Shortness of breath, sweating

- Nausea

Heart Attack

Treatment

Beta Blockers – slow heart rate, BP

Coronary Bypass Surgery

-A vein from another part of the body, often the leg, is grafted into a coronary artery so blood

flow is detoured around a blockage.

Balloon Angioplasty

-A balloon tipped catheter is inserted into the site of a blockage and inflated

-This pushes plaque against the artery wall = opening the blood flow

These small metal tubes prop open the heart's blood vessels

Stroke

- blood vessel in or around the brain bursts or becomes blocked.

- may be conscious or unconscious – Partial or total paralysis

- Pupils may be unequal

- breathing is slowed

-slurred speech

-Confusion

What to do?

- Lie down

- Head and shoulders slightly raised

- Relieve the force of blood on the brain

- CALL 911

Diabetes – Over 25 million Cases

- blood glucose levels are above normal

- most of the food we eat is turned into glucose, or sugar, and burned for energy

- pancreas makes insulin to help get glucose into the cells of our body

- with diabetes your body either can’t make enough or can’t use the insulin that it has.

* This causes sugar build up

Symptoms

- Frequent urination - Extreme hunger

- Excessive thirst - sudden vision change

- Unexplained wt. Loss - Very dry skin

More Symptoms

- Tingling or numbness in hands or feet

- feeling tired

- sores that are slow to heal

- more infections than usual

Types

Type 1 Diabetes – juvenile-onset or insulin dependant. Accounts for 5-10% of

cases.pumps

Type 2 Diabetes – adult-onset or non-insulin dependant. Accounts for 90-95% of cases. Body ignores.

Gestational Diabetes – Only pregnant women get. Occurs in 2-5% of pregnancy – Usually disappears after pregnancy.

Risk Factors for Diabetes

- older age - prior gestational diabetes

- obesity - physical inactivity

- Family history - Race

Treatment

- Healthy Eating

- physical activity

- insulin shots or

medications

- must have constant

blood/glucose monitoring