dr. troy bigelow - aphis sheep and goat health center update
DESCRIPTION
APHIS Sheep and Goat Health Center Update - Troy Bigelow, DVM, USDA, APHIS, VS, NCAHP, from the 2014 NIAA Annual Conference titled 'The Precautionary Principle: How Agriculture Will Thrive', March 31 - April 2, 2014, Omaha, NE, USA. More presentations at http://www.trufflemedia.com/agmedia/conference/2014_niaa_how_animal_agriculture_will_thriveTRANSCRIPT
Scrapie Program Update
Troy Bigelow, DVMU.S. Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection ServiceVeterinary Services
National Institute for Animal AgricultureAnnual Conference
April 1, 2014
Veterinary Services
Program Summary
• As of the end of fiscal year (FY) 2013, the percent of cull sheep found positive at slaughter and adjusted for face color was 0.0146 percent. This measure of prevalence has decreased by 90 percent since slaughter surveillance started in FY 2003.
• There was an increase in this measure in FY 2013; however, the change was not statistically meaningful due to sample size.
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Program Summary
• In December, 2013, the National Scrapie Database was transferred into a new platform. We are currently formatting the reports for surveillance data. Therefore, we can only report certain surveillance data through FY 2013.
• We anticipate the reports will be completed in April, 2014.
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* Adjusted to exclude multiple positive animals from the same flock. Does not include Nor98-like scrapie cases. The increase in FY 2013 is not statistically meaningful due to sample size.
0.00%
0.02%
0.04%
0.06%
0.08%
0.10%
0.12%
0.14%
0.16%% Pos '03
% Pos '04
% Pos '05
% Pos '06
% Pos '07
% Pos '08
% Pos '09
% Pos '10
% Pos '11
% Pos '12
% Pos '13
Percent of RSSS Samples that TestedPositive for Classical Scrapie
Weighted by Face ColorFiscal Years 2003 to 2013*
4
* Adjusted to exclude multiple positive animals from same flock. Mottled- and white-faced combined. Does not include Nor98-like scrapie cases. The slight increase in FY 2013 is not statistically meaningful due to sample size.
0.0%0.1%0.2%0.3%0.4%0.5%0.6%0.7%0.8%0.9%1.0%
% Pos '03
% Pos '04
% Pos '05
% Pos '06
% Pos '07
% Pos '08
% Pos '09
% Pos '10
% Pos '11
% Pos '12
% Pos '13
Percent of RSSS Samples that Tested Positive for Classical Scrapie
by Face Color, Fiscal Year (2003 – 2013)*
5
WY
WV
WI
WA
VT
VAUT
TX
TN
SD
SC
RI
PA
OR
OK
OH
NY
NV
NM
NJ
NH
NE
ND
NC
MT
MS
MO
MN
MI
ME
MD
MA
LA
KYKS
INIL
ID
IA
HI
GA
FL
DE
CT
COCA
AZ
AR
AK
AL
West
East
States with RSSS collection sites
RSSS Sample Collections FY 2013
177 collection sites in 39 states & sent to 12 laboratories6
Regulatory Scrapie Slaughter SurveillanceNumber of Samples Collected, FY 2013
BY STATE OF COLLECTION
7
Regulatory Scrapie Slaughter SurveillanceNumber of Samples Collected, FY 2013
BY STATE OF TAG ORIGINATION
8
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
FY 12FY 13
Slaughter Surveillance Samples Collectedby Month, Fiscal Years 2012 and 2013
Month
9
Surveillance Samples Collected at Slaughter FY 2003-2013
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
Other Sheep*GoatWhite FaceMottled <1% BlackMottled >1% BlackBlack Face
* Other Sheep: hair sheep, and those with gray, red, brown, or unknown face color.
10
Oct-12
Nov-12
Dec-12
Jan-13
Feb-13
Mar-
13Apr-1
3M
ay-13
Jun-13
Jul-1
3Aug-1
3Se
p-13
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
GoatsSheepTotal
On-Farm Surveillance Testingby Month and Species
FY 2013
11
WY
WV
WI
WA
VT
VA
UT
TX
TN
SD
SC
RI
PA
OR
OK
OH
NY
NV
NM
NJ
NH
NE
ND
NC
MT
MS
MO
MN
MI
ME
MD
MA
LA
KYKS
INIL
ID
IA
HI
GA
FL
DE
CT
CO
CA
AZ
AR
AK
AL≤ 20%
21 - 40%
41 - 60%
61 - 90%
91 - 100%
> 100%
Percent of Sheep Sampling Minimum Achieved in FY 2013
(RSSS and On-farm Surveillance)
12
WY
WV
WI
WA
VT
VA
UT
TX
TN
SD
SC
RI
PA
OR
OK
OH
NY
NV
NM
NJ
NH
NE
ND
NC
MT
MS
MO
MN
MI
ME
MD
MA
LA
KYKS
INIL
ID
IA
HI
GA
FL
DE
CT
CO
CA
AZ
AR
AK
AL≤ 20%
21 - 40%
41 - 60%
61 - 90%
91 - 100%
> 100%
Percent of Recommended Goat Sampling Minimum Achieved in FY 2013
(RSSS and On-farm Surveillance)
13
* Through February 28, 2014.
Infected and Source Flocks New Statuses by Year
Fiscal Years 1997 to 2014*
FY '9
8FY
'00
FY '0
2FY
'04
FY '0
6FY
'08
FY '1
0FY
'12
FY '1
4
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
#REF! #REF!
14
WY
WV
WI
WA
VT
VA
UT
TX
TN
SD
SC
RI
PA 1
OR1
OK1
OH2
NY
NV
NM
NJ
NH
NE
ND
NC
MT
MS
MO
MN
MI
ME
MD 1*
MA
LA
KYKS
INIL2
ID
IA2
HI
GA
FL
DE
CT
COCA
AZ1* AR
AK
AL
New source flocks—8New infected flock—3
New Scrapie Infected and Source FlocksFY 2013
* Goat herd 15
WY
WV
WI
WA
VT
VA
UT
TX
TN
SD
SC
RI
PA
OR
OK
OH1
NY
NV
NM
NJ
NH
NE
ND
NC
MT
MS
MO
MN
MI
ME
MA
LA
KYKS
INIL
ID
IA3*
HI
GA
FL
DE
CT
COCA
AZ
AR
AK
AL
New infected flocks—3New source flocks—1*1 flock has sheep and goats
New Scrapie Infected and Source Flocks FY 2014As of February 28, 2014
MD
16
WY
WV
WI
WA
VT
VA
UT
TX
TN
SD
SC
RI
PA
OR1
OK
OH1
NY
NV
NM
NJ
NH
NE
ND
NC
MT
MS
MO
MN
MI
ME
MA
LA
KY KS
INIL1
ID
IA5
HI
GA
FL
DE
CT
COCA
AZ
AR
AK
AL
Open source flocks—4Open infected flocks—4
Scrapie Infected and Source Flocks: Open Statuses
As of February 28, 2014
MD
17
WY
WV
WI
WA
VT
VA
UT
TX
TN
SD
SC
RIPA
OR
OK
OH
NY
NV
NM
NJ
NH
NE
ND
NC
MT
MS
MO
MN
MI
ME
MA
LA
KYKS
INIL
ID
IA
HI
GA
FL
DE
CT
COCA
AZ
AR
AK
AL
Reported by State of ID tag. Collected in FY 2014 and confirmed by March 10, 2014. Field cases include animals removed from infected/source flocks, so State totals often include several animals from the same flock. *All goats.
Scrapie Confirmed Cases in FY 2014 As of February 28, 2014
Type of Scrapie
RSSS Cases
Field Cases
Total
Classical 1 22 23
(Nor98-like) (0) (0) (0)
Total 1 22 23
1/14 MD7*
18
1
WY
WV
WI
WA
VT
VA
UT
TX
TN
SD
SC
RI
PA
OR
OK
OH
NY
NV
NM
NJ
NH
NE
ND
NC
MT
MS
MO
MN
MI
ME
MD – 2
MA
LA
KYKS
INIL
ID
IA
HI
GA
FL
DE
CT
COCA
AR
AK
AL
* Most recent positive goat confirmed in February 2014.
1
5
8
13
13
Scrapie Cases in Goats FY 2002 – FY 2014 As of February 28, 2014
Type of Scrapie
RSSS Cases
Field Cases
Total
Classical 0 41 41
(Nor98-like) (0) (0) (0)
Total 0 41 41
AZ1
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7*
The Complete Monitored category has been eliminated– Complete category participants who wish to stay in the
program have 2 options• Join revised Select category
– No inspections– Submit specified number of animals for scrapie testing
• Join the Export category and grandfather in with up to 5 years time in status
– Must submit all mature found dead animals – If the flock held “Certified” status in the previous program,
APHIS will continue to publish its “Certified” status on our website, in addition to its “Export Monitored” status, for 3 years following the start of the revised program or until it achieves “Export Certified” status, whichever occurs first
Revised SFCP
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Previous SFCP Structure
Selective Monitored
Selective Monitored
Complete Monitored
Complete Monitored Certified
Export Monitored
Export Monitored
Export Certified
94.2% 5.4%0.4%
1,153 Flocks
As of 05/31/2013
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Revised SFCP Structure
Select
Select Monitored
Export
Export Monitored
Export Certified
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SFCP Participating Flocks by Fiscal Year (FY 1997 to FY 2014*)
FY '9
8
FY '0
0
FY '0
2
FY '0
4
FY '0
6
FY '0
8
FY '1
0
FY '1
2
FY '1
4
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Select MonitoredComplete Monitored**Certified**Export MonitoredExport Certified
* As of January 31, 2014.** The Complete Monitored category (including Certified flocks) was
discontinued 06/10/2013. 23
Scrapie Flock Certification Program: Participating FlocksAs of January 31, 2014
Total Enrolled Flocks—439• Export Monitored—190• Export Certified—15• Selective Monitored—234
WY6
WV 2
WI20
WA15
VA3
UT4
TX0
TN-11
SD6
SC15
RI-2PA44
OR16
OK4
OH4
NY7
NV2
NM3
NJ-11NE5
ND1
NC-13
MT5
MS12
MO3
MN6
MI9
ME17
MD-2
MA-7
LA6
KY-15KS6
IN30
IL7
ID10
IA6
HI18
GA16
FL 16
DE-0
CT-11
CO1CA
8
AZ1 AR
1
AK1
AL10
VT15
NH-5
24
FY 2014 DocketsProposed rule to revise 9 CFR Parts 54 and 79
• Goal is to publish in FY 2014 – pending OMB review• Major items
– Gives the Administrator authority to relieve requirements for sheep and goats exposed to scrapie types, such as Nor98-like, that do not pose a significant risk of transmission
– Increases flexibility in how investigations can be conducted and allows the epidemiology in a specific flock to be given more consideration in determining flock and animal status
– Adds a genetic-based approach to the regulation– Makes goat ID requirements similar to sheep to facilitate
slaughter surveillance in goats; no changes are planned in the consistent State requirements regarding identification of goats in intrastate commerce
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FY 2014 DocketsProposed rule to revise 9 CFR Parts 54 and 79
• Major items (continued)– Requires States to meet surveillance goals to remain consistent
States– Tightens up the definition of slaughter channels– Expands individual ID requirement to all sexually intact animals
unless moving as a group lot (allows mixed-source groups moving in slaughter channels under 18 months)
– Limits use of tattoos and implants to animals not moving through concentration points for sale and not in slaughter channels
– Establishes recordkeeping requirements similar to current UM&R compliance guidance
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FY 2014 DocketsImport Sheep and Goats
APHIS is drafting a proposed rule for the import of sheep and goats, their embryos, and products, to mitigate risks from scrapie and BSE, which will move the U.S. into closer alignment with OIE guidelines.
27
FY 2014 DocketsImport Sheep and Goats
Current thinking—scrapie mitigations– Breeding animals—use OIE standards (i.e., free
country or free flock); may allow genetically resistant sheep and genetically less susceptible rams until US reaches near 0 prevalence
– Slaughter and feeding for slaughter—use requirements similar to OIE, including requiring an awareness, surveillance and control program, and post entry movement controls to ensure slaughter (similar to the current requirements for Canadian sheep/goats)
28
FY 2014 DocketsImport Sheep and Goats
Current thinking—scrapie mitigations– Embryos—similar to OIE standards with additional
donor testing requirements
– Products – no scrapie restrictions
29
FY 2014 DocketsImport Sheep and Goats
Current thinking—BSE mitigations– Apply prohibitions on processed animal proteins such
as meat-and-bone meal and greaves derived from ruminants (including that from sheep and goats) from countries that are undetermined or controlled risk for BSE, as provided in the BSE comprehensive rule
– Apply same standards to tallow derived from sheep/goats as is applied to tallow derived from cattle
– Relieve restrictions on other products
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NAHMS Sheep Studies
• 3rd national sheep study – 1996, 2001, 2011
• NAHMS studies are developed with the purpose of providing comprehensive U.S. animal health information– related to disease prevention and control, animal
welfare, production, product wholesomeness, environmental considerations, and economic consequences
32
22 States represent:70% farms with 1+ ewes85% ewe inventory
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NAHMS 2011 Sheep Study Summary
• Four Descriptive Reports on US sheep industry– Part I: Sheep Management Practices – Part II: Marketing and Death Loss– Part III: Health and Management Practices– Part IV: Changes in Health and Production Practices
1996-2011
• Available at - http://www.aphis.usda.gov/nahms
Questions?
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