IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency

WASSC Agenda Item 8.1

DPP for revision of WS-G-3.1

DS468: Remediation Process for Areas

with Residual Radioactive Material

G. Proehl and J. Rowat

Waste and Environmental Safety Section,

NSRW

IAEA

Objective

Objective of this Safety Guide

• To provide guidance on implementing the

requirements for the remediation of areas

contaminated by past activities and accidents,

• The requirements being those in the BSS (GSR

Part 3) and safety requirements deemed

applicable in other IAEA safety standards.

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Supersessions

Remediation Process for Areas affected by Past Activities

and Accidents, WS-G-3.1 (2007).

• Based upon Safety Requirements in

• Remediation of Areas Contaminated by Past Activities and

Accidents, WS-R-3 (2003).

• WS-R-3 has been superseded by

• Safety Requirements now found in GSR Part 3 (Section 5), and

• Applicable Safety Requirements from more recent waste safety

standards

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Justification

• New formulation of Safety Requirements in

GSR-Part 3.

• Incorporate more guidance on policies and

strategies for remediation

• Strengthen guidance on involvement of

interested parties

• Incorporate experience gained in light of the

Fukushima accident

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Links to other documents

• Fundamental Safety Principles (SF-1)

• General Safety Requirements:

• Part 1: Governmental, Legal and Regulatory Framework for Safety

(2010)

• Part 2: Leadership and Management for Safety Radiation

• Part 3: Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources: International

Basic Safety Standards - Interim Edition (2011)

• Part 4: Safety Assessment for Facilities and Activities (2009)

• Part 5: Predisposal Management of Radioactive Waste (2009)

• Disposal of Radioactive Waste (SSR-5).

• Decommissioning and Termination of Activities (DS450)

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Overview

• Provide guidance on implementing the requirements for the

remediation of areas contaminated

• Past activities and accidents.

• Could cause prolonged radiation exposure.

• Area can include land, water bodies and industrial sites.

• Application

• Regulatory bodies, operators and others responsible for

remediating sites

• after an emergency exposure situation has been declared ended

• Not to facilities being under regulatory control and that may have

had emergencies that have contaminated small areas within the

facilities

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Main topics

• Consistency with the new BSS for control of public and occupational

exposure in existing exposure situations

• Provide guidance on the derivation of radiological criteria (ref. levels for

exposures and for derived activity concentration in environmental media

• Communicating exposure or risks to the public in existing exposure

situations;

• Involvement of stakeholders and assimilate the findings of ICRP 111, if

applicable ;

• Dose assessment for exposure scenarios before and after remedial

action, and dose assessment for workers who carry out proposed

remedial actions;

• Integration of the optimization process in decision making in the

remediation process,

• Elaborate the necessity to develop realistic approaches for dose

assessment

• Licensing processes for resulting waste management after remediation 7

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Main topics (cont.)

• Risk based approach to be applied to management of remediation

actions in existing exposure situations.

• Address protection of the environment

• Address the regulation and management of mixed residues

• Connection to decommissioning and radioactive waste

management,

• Include the relevant lessons learned from Fukushima;

• Guidance on issues related to the generation of large amounts of

waste with relatively low amounts of radionuclides;

• Explore the possibilities and limitations of clearance of waste

generated during the remediation

• Provide guidance on the prioritization of remedial options;

• Provide guidance on decision-aiding techniques.

8

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Feedback

• The DPP was submitted on somewhat short notice

• Feedback on DPP for DS 468 was provided by:

• Germany

• Japan

• Ukraine

• USA

• Some comments were editorial improvements,

• Accepted without reservation.

• Among the remaining comments – focused on a specific

issue – none are rejected.

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Germany: 16 comments on DPP for DS468

• 14 comments related to editorial issues and clarification

• List of IAEA documents to be considered in the development (C 8)

• Leadership and Management for Safety (DS456, future GSR Part 2)

• Decommissioning and Termination of Activities (DS450, future GSR Part 6)

• Application of the Concepts of Exclusion, Exemption & Clearance (RS-G-1.7)

• Classification of Radioactive Waste (GSG-1)”

• Waste management (C10)

• Implication of remediation for the generation of radioactive waste

• Address mixed waste, containing radiological and non-radiological

hazardous components

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Japan: 22 Comments on DPP for DS468

13 comments related to editorial issues and clarification

• Specific comments

• More introductory material to be included in the guide than was

found in WS-G-3.1

=> Document would thereby be more useful to those wishing to

apply guidance (C1)

• Consideration and consistency with other documents:

• DS 432 (Radiation protection of the public and the environment) (C 8)

• Involvement of interested parties including Communication and Consultation

with Interested Parties (DS 460) ( C 2, 8)

• Expand issue on the “Management of radioactive waste”, address

in particular the generation of large volumes of waste with

relatively activity concentrations (C 6)

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Japan: 22 Comments on DPP for DS468 (cont.)

• Address management of large volumes of waste (C 10)

• Explore re-use and clearance of contaminants and

wastes generated during the remediation (C 12)

• Specify the terms on remediation, decontamination and

clean-up (C13)

• Add discussion on decommissioning and on-site

remediation (C 15)

• Address on- and off site monitoring before and during

remediation (C21)

• Address explicitly the “remediation in Japan” (C 22)

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USA: 13 Comments on DPP for DS468

• Ensure consistency (C 1, 2,5)

• With the revised BSS,

• With other safety guides currently under development

• With ICRP publications

• Address the transition phase

(C3)

• Discuss in detail ‘criteria’, ‘optimization during

remediation’, the application of a graded approach

(C 4, 6, 8, 9)

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USA: 13 Comments on DPP for DS468 (cont.)

• Address the interaction of monitoring and remediation

(C7)

• Elaborate the importance of monitoring (C 10)

• Include Chernobyl experience (C11, 12 (item 1 and 2)

• Table of contents: Address explicitly the topics ‘source

and site characterization’, monitoring and modeling

(C 12 (item 3))

• Take NUREG/CR12-7029 into consideration (strategies,

monitoring, dose assessment) C13)

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Ukraine: 3 Comments on DPP for DS468

• Include information about existing experience on

remediation in the main text of the document – not only in

the annex (C1)

• Include experience from Fukushima in the annex (C 2)

• Modify the title to: "Remediation Process for Areas,

affected by Past Activities and Accidents” (C 3)

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Request

The request is for approval of the DPP for

DS468 for submission to CSS.

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Thank you