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EÏÏËÓÈ΋ NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ñ TfiÌÔ˜ 6 ñ 2013

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EÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ EÙ·ÈÚ›·˜ NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜

ISSN 1791-9130

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EÏÏËÓÈ΋ NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋

EÏÏËÓÈ΋ NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ñ TfiÌÔ˜ 6 ñ 2013

EÙ‹ÛÈ· ŒÎ‰ÔÛË Ù˘EÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ EÙ·ÈÚ›·˜ NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜

ISSN 1791-9130

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EÏÏËÓÈ΋ EÙ·ÈÚ›· NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜

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¶EPIEXOMENA

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Aı·Ó¿ÛÈÔ˜ ™ËÏȈÙfiÔ˘ÏÔ˜, EÏ¢ı¤ÚÈÔ˜ NÙfiÎÔ˜.........................11-20

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ºÏÒÚ· ZÂÚ‚Ô‡-B¿Ï‚Ë ..................................................................37-41

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EÏÏËÓÈ΋ EÙ·ÈÚ›· NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜

TOMO™ 6, 2013ISSN 1791-9130

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AÓ·ÛÙ·Û›· E. KÔÛÈÒÓË, ºÏÒÚ· ZÂÚ‚Ô‡-B¿Ï‚Ë.............................43-48

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HellenicHospitalDentistry

Hellenic Society for Hospital Dentistry

VOLUME 6, 2013ISSN 1791-9130

PROPRIETOR:Hellenic Society for Hospital Dentistry

EDITOR -IN- CHIEF:F. Zervou-Valvi

EDITORIAL BOARD:D. Andresakis A. Antoniadou A. Giannopoulou Th. ZouridakiJ. Koutsoukos Gr. MakosE. Bogosian M. Sereti

SCIENTIFIC CONSULTANTSK. Alexandridis K. AntoniadisG. Vougiouklakis A.DoukoudakisH. Karkazis A. KÔssioniO. Nicolatou L. PapagiannoulisA. Sklavounou J. G. TzoutzasK. Tsiklakis

PRODUCTION SUPERVISORS:F. Zervou-Valvi, M. Fragakis, A. Giannopoulou, J. Koutsoukos, J. Fandridis

PRODUCTION - PROMOTION:P.D. PUBLISHING E.P.E 31 Epikourou Str., Athens HellasPhone#: (3) 210 3214904 - 212 700 3 200,Fax#: (3) 212 700 3 240e-mail: mpampais@press-time.gr

The journal Hellenic Hospital Dentistry is theofficial publication of the Hellenic Society forHospital Dentistry It is published annually.Subscription: 10 $ USD

PUBLISHER:Hellenic Society for Hospital Dentistry President: Flora Zervou-Valvi

ADDRESS32 Mavrogenous Str., Haidari, 124 61Phone &Fax#: (3210) 58.16.778www.hospitaldentistry.gre-mail: info@hospitaldentistry.gr

CONTENTS

ññ DDeennttaall ffeeaarr:: AAnn iissssuuee ccoonncceerrnniinngg ppaattiieenntt aanndd ddeennttiisstt

Athanasios Spiliotopoulos, Eleftherios Dokos ................................11-20

ññ TThhee ssaalliivvaa aass aa ccaarriieess’’ss ccoonnttrrooll ppaarraammeetteerr iinn tthhiirrdd aaggee ppaattiieennttss

Kapsalas Andreas, Kitopoulou Anna, Antoniadou Maria ...............21-30

ññ TTrreeaattiinngg ppeeooppllee wwiitthh ddiissaabbiilliittiieess.. HHiissttoorryy rreevviieeww

Evagelia Bogosian ........................................................................31-36

ññ CChhrroonniicc bbiittiinngg ooff oorraall mmuuccoossaa

Aikaterini Dimitriou, Panagiota Maragou,

Flora Zervou-Valvi ........................................................................37-41

HellenicHospitalDentistry

Hellenic Society for Hospital Dentistry

VOLUME 6, 2013ISSN 1791-9130

PROPRIETOR:Hellenic Society for Hospital Dentistry

EDITOR -IN- CHIEF:F. Zervou-Valvi

EDITORIAL BOARD:D. Andresakis A. Antoniadou A. Giannopoulou Th. ZouridakiJ. Koutsoukos Gr. MakosE. Bogosian M. Sereti

SCIENTIFIC CONSULTANTSK. Alexandridis K. AntoniadisG. Vougiouklakis A.DoukoudakisH. Karkazis A. KÔssioniO. Nicolatou L. PapagiannoulisA. Sklavounou J. G. TzoutzasK. Tsiklakis

PRODUCTION SUPERVISORS:F. Zervou-Valvi, M. Fragakis, A. Giannopoulou, J. Koutsoukos, J. Fandridis

PRODUCTION - PROMOTION:P.D. PUBLISHING E.P.E 31 Epikourou Str., Athens HellasPhone#: (3) 210 3214904 - 212 700 3 200,Fax#: (3) 212 700 3 240e-mail: mpampais@press-time.gr

The journal Hellenic Hospital Dentistry is theofficial publication of the Hellenic Society forHospital Dentistry It is published annually.Subscription: 10 $ USD

PUBLISHER:Hellenic Society for Hospital Dentistry President: Flora Zervou-Valvi

ADDRESS32 Mavrogenous Str., Haidari, 124 61Phone &Fax#: (3210) 58.16.778www.hospitaldentistry.gre-mail: info@hospitaldentistry.gr

ññ DDoommiicciilliiaarryy ddeennttaall ccaarree:: AA ssoocciiaall nneecceessssiittyy ffoorr ffrraaiill ssoocciiaall ggrroouuppss

Anastassia E. Kossioni, Flora Zervou-Valvi....................................43-48

ññ HHoossppiittaall ddeeppaarrttmmeennttss’’ aaccttiivviittiieess oonn iissssuueess ooff hhoossppiittaall ddeennttiissttrryy..............49-52

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O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ OÌÔÛÔÓ‰›·˜ (34Ô), Ô˘ ‰ÈÂÍ‹¯ıË ÛÙËÓ £ÂÛÛ·ÏÔÓ›ÎË ÛÙȘ 14-16 NÔÂÌ‚Ú›Ô˘

2014 Ì ÙËÓ ÂÈÛ‹ÁËÛË «OÛÙÂÔfiÚˆÛË Î·È Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ˜» Ù˘ Î. AÁÁÂÏÈ΋˜ °È·ÓÓÔÔ‡ÏÔ˘ ηÈ

Ù˘ ˘ÔÁÚ¿ÊÔ˘Û·˜. TËÓ ÂÈÛ‹ÁËÛË ·ÚÔ˘Û›·ÛÂ Ë Î. °È·ÓÓÔÔ‡ÏÔ˘ Î·È ¤Ù˘¯Â ÌÂÁ¿ÏÔ˘ ÂӉȷ-

ʤÚÔÓÙÔ˜ ·fi ÙÔ˘˜ Û˘Ó¤‰ÚÔ˘˜.

¶·Ú·¯ˆÚ‹Û·Ì ÙËÓ ·ÈÁ›‰· Ì·˜ ÛÙËÓ HÌÂÚ›‰· NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ Ì ı¤Ì·

«ŒÓ·ÚÍË ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·ÙÔ˜ NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ·ÙfiÌˆÓ Ì ¯ÚfiÓȘ ·ı‹ÛÂȘ ηÈ

AÌÂA: ¶ÚÔÙ¿ÛÂȘ - EÍÂÏ›ÍÂȘ», Ô˘ ‰ÈÔÚÁ·ÓÒıËΠ̠Ôχ ÌÂÁ¿ÏË ÂÈÙ˘¯›· ·fi ÙÔ TÌ‹Ì·

™ÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È °Ó·ıÔÚÔÛˆÈ΋˜ XÂÈÚÔ˘ÚÁÈ΋˜ ÙÔ˘ °ÂÓÈÎÔ‡ NÔÛÔÎÔÌ›Ԣ KÈÏΛ˜, ÙËÓ

¶·Ú·Û΢‹ 19 ¢ÂÎÂÌ‚Ú›Ô˘ 2014. AÓ·Ï˘ÙÈ΋ ÂÓË̤ڈÛË Û¯ÂÙÈο Ì ÙËÓ ËÌÂÚ›‰· ·˘Ù‹ ·Ú¤-

¯ÂÙ·È ÛÙÔ Ù¤ÏÔ˜ ÙÔ˘ ÙfiÌÔ˘.

O ·ÚÒÓ 6Ô˜ ÙfiÌÔ˜, ·ÎÔÏÔ˘ıÒÓÙ·˜ Î·È ·˘Ùfi˜ ÙËÓ ·Ú¿‰ÔÛË Ù˘ ÔÈΛÏ˘ Î·È ÂӉȷʤÚÔ˘-

Û·˜ ıÂÌ·ÙÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÙˆÓ 5 ÚÔËÁÔ˘Ì¤ÓˆÓ, ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÂÈ:

ñ M›· ıÂÌ·ÙÈ΋ ÂÓfiÙËÙ· ÁÈ· ÙÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi Êfi‚Ô, Ô˘ ·ÔÙÂÏ› Úfi‚ÏËÌ· ÙfiÛÔ ÁÈ· ÙÔÓ

·ÛıÂÓ‹ fiÛÔ Î·È ÁÈ· ÙÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ.

ñ ¢‡Ô ·Ó·ÛÎÔ‹ÛÂȘ, Ì›· ÁÈ· ÙÔ Û¿ÏÈÔ ˆ˜ ·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ· ÂϤÁ¯Ô˘ Ù˘ ÙÂÚˉfiÓ·˜ ÛÙËÓ ÙÚ›ÙË ËÏÈ-

Λ· Î·È Ì›· ÈÛÙÔÚÈ΋ ·Ó·‰ÚÔÌ‹ Ù˘ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛ˘ ·ÙfiÌˆÓ Ì ·Ó·ËÚ›·.

ñ M›· ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈ΋ ÂÚÁ·Û›· ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ‰‹ÍË ÙÔ˘ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ‚ÏÂÓÓÔÁfiÓÔ˘.

ñ ŒÓ· ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎfi ı¤Ì· ÁÈ· ÙËÓ Î·Ù Ô›ÎÔÓ ·ÚÔ¯‹ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜ Ô˘ ·ÔÙÂÏ›

ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋ ·Ó·ÁηÈfiÙËÙ· ÁÈ· ¢·ı›˜ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈΤ˜ ÔÌ¿‰Â˜.

ñ ™ÙÔ Ù¤ÏÔ˜, ·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È ÔÈ ¢Ú·ÛÙËÚÈfiÙËÙ˜ TÌËÌ¿ÙˆÓ NÔÛÔÎÔÌ›ˆÓ Û ı¤Ì·Ù·

NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ Î·È Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ӷ Ë ÚÔ·Ó·ÊÂÚı›۷ ËÌÂÚ›‰· Ô˘ ‰ÈÔÚÁ·-

ÓÒıËΠ·fi ÙÔ TÌ‹Ì· ™ÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È °Ó·ıÔÚÔÛˆÈ΋˜ XÂÈÚÔ˘ÚÁÈ΋˜ ÙÔ˘ °N KÈÏΛ˜, η-

ıÒ˜ Î·È Ô Î‡ÎÏÔ˜ Ì·ıËÌ¿ÙˆÓ Ì ı¤Ì· «TÔ I·ÙÚÈÎfi E›ÁÔÓ ÛÙËÓ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋» Ô˘ ‰ÈÔÚ-

Á·ÓÒıËÎÂ ·fi ÙÔ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi TÌ‹Ì· ÙÔ˘ ¶·°NH.

AÁ·ËÙÔ› Û˘Ó¿‰ÂÏÊÔÈ,

‰Â‰Ô̤ÓÔ˘ fiÙÈ ·Ú¿ÏÏËÏ· ÚÔ¯ˆÚ¿Ì ÛÙË ‰ÈÔÚÁ¿ÓˆÛË ÙÔ˘ ™˘Ó‰ڛԢ Ì·˜, ÂÚÈ̤ÓÔ˘Ì ÌÂ

¯·Ú¿ ÙȘ ȉ¤Â˜ Î·È ÙȘ ˘Ô‰Â›ÍÂȘ Û·˜.

ºÏÒÚ· ZÂÚ‚Ô‡-B¿Ï‚˶Úfi‰ÚÔ˜ EENO

¢È¢ı˘ÓÙ‹˜ ™‡ÓÙ·Í˘

Û‰·Û‰

O¢H°IE™ °IA TOY™ ™Y°°PAºEI™

H E§§HNIKH NO™OKOMEIAKH O¢ONTIATPIKH Â›Ó·È ÙÔ›ÛËÌÔ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎfi ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎfi Ù˘ EÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ EÙ·ÈÚ›·˜NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜. ™Ùfi¯Ô˜ Ù˘ ¤Î‰ÔÛ˘ ›ӷÈË Û‡Á¯ÚÔÓË ÂÓË̤ڈÛË ÙˆÓ Û˘Ó·‰¤ÏÊˆÓ Û ı¤Ì·Ù·NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ηıÒ˜ Î·È Ë Û˘ÛÙËÌ·ÙÈ΋ηÏÏȤÚÁÂÈ· Ù˘ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ EÈÛÙ‹Ì˘ ÛÙÔÓ ¯ÒÚÔ ÙˆÓEÏÏËÓÈÎÒÓ NÔÛÔÎÔÌ›ˆÓ.

K·ÙËÁÔڛ˜ ÎÂÈ̤ӈÓTÔ ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎfi ‰ËÌÔÛȇÂÈ Î›ÌÂÓ· Ù· ÔÔ›· ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÔÓÙ·È ÛÂı¤Ì·Ù· NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ Î·È EÈÛÙËÌÒÓYÁ›·˜ ÙˆÓ ·ÎÔÏÔ‡ıˆÓ ηÙËÁÔÚÈÒÓ:

1. K‡ÚÈ· ¿ÚıÚ·. ¶ÚfiÎÂÈÙ·È ÁÈ· ›ηÈÚ· ı¤Ì·Ù· Ô˘ÁÚ¿ÊÔÓÙ·È Ì ÚÔÙÚÔ‹ Ù˘ ™˘ÓÙ·ÎÙÈ΋˜ EÈÙÚÔ‹˜·fi O‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ ‹ ¿ÏÏÔ ÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÔÓ· ˘Á›·˜ Ì ÂȉÈΤ˜ÁÓÒÛÂȘ.

2. AÓ·ÛÎÔ‹ÛÂȘ

3. EÚ¢ÓËÙÈΤ˜ ÂÚÁ·Û›Â˜

4. ¶Ú·ÎÙÈο ı¤Ì·Ù·

5. ¶·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿ÛÂȘ ‰Ú·ÛÙËÚÈÔÙ‹ÙˆÓ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÒÓTÌËÌ¿ÙˆÓ NÔÛÔÎÔÌ›ˆÓ

6. EӉȷʤÚÔ˘Û˜ ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ

7. BÚ·¯Â›Â˜ ‰ËÌÔÛȇÛÂȘ Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ¤ÎÙ·ÛË Ì¤¯ÚÈ 2.000-2.500 ϤÍÂȘ. A˘Ù¤˜ ı· ‰ËÌÔÛȇÔÓÙ·È Û‡ÓÙÔÌ· Î·È ÌÂ-Ù¿ ·fi ·ÍÈÔÏfiÁËÛË Ù˘ ™˘ÓÙ·ÎÙÈ΋˜ EÈÙÚÔ‹˜.

8. E·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈο ı¤Ì·Ù·

9. EÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈο ı¤Ì·Ù·

10. £ÂÌ·ÙÈΤ˜ ÂÓfiÙËÙ˜

11. ¶ÂÚÈÏ‹„ÂȘ ¿ÚıÚˆÓ EÏÏ‹ÓˆÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ¿ÙÚˆÓ Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó‰ËÌÔÛÈ¢ı› ÚfiÛÊ·Ù· Û ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈο ¤ÓÙ˘· ÙÔ˘Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎÔ‡.

12. EÈÛÙÔϤ˜ ÚÔ˜ ÙË ™˘ÓÙ·ÎÙÈ΋ EÈÙÚÔ‹, ÔÈ Ôԛ˜·ÊÔÚÔ‡Ó ·) ÎÚ›ÛÂȘ ÁÈ· ÙÔ ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎfi ‚) ÎÚ›ÛÂȘ ÁÈ· ‰Ë-ÌÔÛÈÂ˘Ì¤Ó· ¿ÚıÚ·, Á) ÎÚÈÙÈΤ˜ ‚È‚Ï›ˆÓ, Î.¿. OÈ ÂÈÛÙÔ-Ϥ˜ ‰ËÌÔÛȇÔÓÙ·È ÌÂÙ¿ ·fi ¤ÁÎÚÈÛË Ù˘ ™˘ÓÙ·ÎÙÈ΋˜EÈÙÚÔ‹˜.

ŒÎÙ·ÛË ¿ÚıÚˆÓ OÈ ·Ó·ÛÎÔ‹ÛÂȘ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ¤¯Ô˘Ó ¤ÎÙ·ÛË Ì¤¯ÚÈ 8.000 Ϥ-ÍÂȘ Î·È 80 ‚È‚ÏÈÔÁÚ·ÊÈΤ˜ ·Ú·Ô̤˜, ÔÈ ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈΤ˜ÂÚÁ·Û›Â˜ ̤¯ÚÈ 6.000 ϤÍÂȘ Î·È 60 ·Ú·Ô̤˜, Ù· ‰ÂÚ·ÎÙÈο ı¤Ì·Ù· ̤¯ÚÈ 3.500 ϤÍÂȘ Î·È 40 ·Ú·Ô̤˜·ÓÙ›ÛÙÔȯ·.

¶ÚԉȷÁڷʤ˜ ÎÂÈ̤ӈÓ1. T· ΛÌÂÓ· Ô˘ ˘Ô‚¿ÏÏÔÓÙ·È ÁÈ· ‰ËÌÔÛ›Â˘ÛË Ú¤ÂÈ Ó·Â›Ó·È ÁÚ·Ì̤ӷ ÛÙË ÓÂÔÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ‰ËÌÔÙÈ΋ ÁÏÒÛÛ·, Ì ÌÔ-ÓÔÙÔÓÈÎfi Û‡ÛÙËÌ·. O ‰ÈÔÚıˆÙ‹˜ ÙÔ˘ ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎÔ‡ ¤¯ÂÈ ÙÔ ‰È-η›ˆÌ· Ó· ÙÚÔÔÔÈ› ÁψÛÛÈο ÙÔ Î›ÌÂÓÔ, ¯ˆÚ›˜ fï˜Ó· ·ÏÏÔÈÒÓÂÈ ÙÔ ‡ÊÔ˜ ÙÔ˘ Û˘ÁÁڷʤ·.2. T· ΛÌÂÓ· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Â›Ó·È ÏËÎÙÚÔÏÔÁË̤ӷ Û Úfi-ÁÚ·ÌÌ· Word Ì ¯·Ú·ÎÙ‹Ú˜ 12 ÛÙÈÁÌÒÓ. E›Û˘ Ó· ›ӷÈ

ÌÔÚÊÔÔÈË̤ӷ Û ‰ÈÏfi ‰È¿ÛÙËÌ·, Ì ÁÚ·ÌÌ·ÙÔÛÂÈÚ¤˜Arial ‹ Times New Roman, Ì ÂÚÈıÒÚÈÔ Î·È ·fi ÙȘ ‰‡ÔÏ¢ڤ˜.3. ŸÏ˜ ÔÈ Î·ÙËÁÔڛ˜ ÙˆÓ ÎÂÈÌ¤ÓˆÓ ˘Ô‚¿ÏÏÔÓÙ·È ËÏÂ-ÎÙÚÔÓÈο ÛÙÔÓ ¢È¢ı˘ÓÙ‹ ™‡ÓÙ·Í˘ ÛÙËÓ ËÏÂÎÙÚÔÓÈ΋ ‰È‡-ı˘ÛÓË: info@hospitaldentistry.gr4. ŸÏ˜ ÔÈ Î·ÙËÁÔڛ˜ ÙˆÓ ÂÚÁ·ÛÈÒÓ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿-ÓÔ˘Ó ÙȘ ÂÍ‹˜ ÂÓfiÙËÙ˜: i) ™ÂÏ›‰· Ù›ÙÏÔ˘, ii) ÂÚ›ÏË„Ë ÛÙËÓÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ Î·È Ï¤ÍÂȘ - ÎÏÂȉȿ, iii) ΛÌÂÓÔ Ù˘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜, iv)ÂÚ›ÏË„Ë ÛÙËÓ ·ÁÁÏÈ΋ Î·È Ï¤ÍÂȘ - ÎÏÂȉȿ ÛÙËÓ ·ÁÁÏÈ΋,v) ‚È‚ÏÈÔÁÚ·ÊÈΤ˜ ·Ú·Ô̤˜, vi) ÏÂ˙¿ÓÙ˜, vii) ›Ó·ÎÂ˜Î·È viii) ÂÈÎfiÓ˜. K¿ı ÂÓfiÙËÙ· ·Ú¯›˙ÂÈ Ì Í¯ˆÚÈÛÙ‹ ÛÂÏ›-‰·. H ·Ú›ıÌËÛË fiÏˆÓ ÙˆÓ ÛÂÏ›‰ˆÓ ·ÎÔÏÔ˘ı› ÙËÓ ÚÔ·Ó·-ÊÂÚfiÌÂÓË ÛÂÈÚ¿ ÙˆÓ ÂÓÔًوÓ.

™ÂÏ›‰· Ù›ÙÏÔ˘. ¶ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÂÈ: ·) ÙÔÓ Ù›ÙÏÔ Ù˘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜, ‚)ÙÔ fiÓÔÌ· Î·È ÙÔÓ Ù›ÙÏÔ ÙÔ˘ Û˘ÁÁڷʤ· ‹ ÙˆÓ Û˘ÁÁڷʤˆÓ,Á) ÙÔ ›‰Ú˘Ì· ÚÔ¤Ï¢Û˘ Ù˘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜, ‰) ÙÔ Û˘Ó¤‰ÚÈÔÛÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô ¤¯ÂÈ ÂӉ¯Ô̤ӈ˜ ·Ó·ÎÔÈÓˆı› Ë ÂÚÁ·Û›·, Â) ÙÔfiÓÔÌ·, ÙËÓ ‰È‡ı˘ÓÛË, ÙÔ ÙËϤʈÓÔ Î·È ÙÔ e-mail ÙÔ˘ Û˘Á-Áڷʤ· Ì ÙÔÓ ÔÔ›Ô ı· Á›ÓÂÙ·È Ë ·ÏÏËÏÔÁÚ·Ê›·, ÛÙ) ÙËÓηÙËÁÔÚ›· Ù˘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜, ˙) ÙËÓ ËÁ‹ ¯ÚËÌ·ÙÔ‰fiÙËÛ˘Ù˘ ¤Ú¢ӷ˜, Â¿Ó ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ.

EÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÂÚ›ÏË„Ë. ¶ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÂÈ ÙÔÓ Ù›ÙÏÔ Ù˘ ÂÚÁ·-Û›·˜, Ù· ÔÓfiÌ·Ù· ÙˆÓ Û˘ÁÁڷʤˆÓ, ÙÔ Î›ÌÂÓÔ Ù˘ ÂÚ›ÏË-„˘ Î·È 3-5 ϤÍÂȘ - ÎÏÂȉȿ. H ÂÚ›ÏË„Ë Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ¤¯ÂȤÎÙ·ÛË 150-200 ϤÍÂȘ. ™ÙȘ ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈΤ˜ ÂÚÁ·Û›Â˜, Ë ÂÚ›-ÏË„Ë ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÂÈ ÙÔÓ ÛÎÔfi, ÙÔ ˘ÏÈÎfi Î·È ÙËÓ Ì¤ıÔ‰Ô, Ù··ÔÙÂϤÛÌ·Ù· Î·È Ù· Û˘ÌÂÚ¿ÛÌ·Ù·. ™ÙȘ ·Ó·ÛÎÔ‹ÛÂȘÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÂÈ ÛÙÔȯ›· ·fi fiÏ· Ù· ÎÂÊ¿Ï·È· Ù˘ ·Ó·ÛÎfi-ËÛ˘ ηıÒ˜ Î·È Ù· Û˘ÌÂÚ¿ÛÌ·Ù·. ™ÙÔ Ù¤ÏÔ˜ ·˘Ù‹˜ Ù˘ÛÂÏ›‰·˜ ÁÚ¿ÊÔÓÙ·È ÔÈ Ï¤ÍÂȘ ÎÏÂȉȿ, ÔÈ Ôԛ˜ Â›Ó·È ÌÂÌÔ-ӈ̤ÓÔÈ fiÚÔÈ ‹ ÌÈÎÚ¤˜ ÊÚ¿ÛÂȘ Ô˘ ·ÓÙÈÛÙÔÈ¯Ô‡Ó ÛÙÔ˘˜‰ÈÂıÓ›˜ fiÚÔ˘˜ ÏÂÍÈÎÔÁÚ¿ÊËÛ˘ Î·È ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÔÓÙ·È ÛÙÔIndex Medicus Î·È Dental Index.

K›ÌÂÓÔ. OÈ ·Ó·ÛÎÔ‹ÛÂȘ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó ÌÈ·ÂÈÛ·ÁˆÁ‹ ÁÈ· ÙÔ ı¤Ì·, fiϘ ÙȘ Û‡Á¯ÚÔÓ˜ ‚È‚ÏÈÔÁÚ·ÊÈοÙÂÎÌËÚȈ̤Ó˜ ·fi„ÂȘ, ÎÚÈÙÈ΋ ·Ó¿Ï˘ÛË ÙˆÓ ·fi„ˆӷ˘ÙÒÓ Î·È Ù· Û˘ÌÂÚ¿ÛÌ·Ù·.OÈ ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈΤ˜ ÂÚÁ·Û›Â˜Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡ÓÙ·È ·fi Ù· ÎÂÊ¿Ï·È·: EÈÛ·ÁˆÁ‹,YÏÈÎfi Î·È M¤ıÔ‰Ô˜, E˘Ú‹Ì·Ù·-AÔÙÂϤÛÌ·Ù·, ™˘˙‹ÙËÛËÎ·È ™˘ÌÂÚ¿ÛÌ·Ù·. OÈ ÂӉȷʤÚÔ˘Û˜ ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ Ú¤-ÂÈ Ó· ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡ÓÙ·È ·fi ÌÈ· Û‡ÓÙÔÌË ·Ó·ÛÎfiËÛË Ù˘ ‚È-‚ÏÈÔÁÚ·Ê›·˜, ÌÈ· ÂÎÙÂÓ‹ ·ÚÔ˘Û›·ÛË Ù˘ ÂÚ›ÙˆÛ˘ ηÈÓ· ·ÎÔÏÔ˘ı› Û˘˙‹ÙËÛË. ™ÙȘ ˘fiÏÔȘ ηÙËÁÔڛ˜ ÙˆÓ¿ÚıÚˆÓ ÙÔ Î›ÌÂÓÔ ‰È·ÌÔÚÊÒÓÂÙ·È ·Ó¿ÏÔÁ· Ì ÙȘ ··ÈÙ‹-ÛÂȘ ÙÔ˘ ı¤Ì·ÙÔ˜.

BÈ‚ÏÈÔÁÚ·ÊÈΤ˜ ·Ú·Ô̤˜. OÈ ‚È‚ÏÈÔÁÚ·ÊÈΤ˜ ·Ú·-Ô̤˜ ÛÙÔ Î›ÌÂÓÔ, ÛÙÔ˘˜ ›Ó·Î˜ Î·È ÛÙȘ ÏÂ˙¿ÓÙ˜ ÙˆÓÂÈÎfiÓˆÓ ÚÔÛ‰ÈÔÚ›˙ÔÓÙ·È Ì ·Ú·‚ÈÎÔ‡˜ ·ÚÈıÌÔ‡˜ ˆ˜ ÂÎı¤-ÙË. H ·Ú›ıÌËÛË ÙˆÓ ‚È‚ÏÈÔÁÚ·ÊÈÎÒÓ ·Ú·ÔÌÒÓ Á›ÓÂÙ·Èη٠·‡ÍÔÓÙ· ·ÚÈıÌfi Ì ÙËÓ ÛÂÈÚ¿ Ô˘ ·˘Ù¤˜ ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙ÔÓÙ·È

ÛÙÔ Î›ÌÂÓÔ. ŸÏ˜ ÔÈ ‚È‚ÏÈÔÁÚ·ÊÈΤ˜ ·Ú·Ô̤˜ Ô˘·Ó·Ê¤ÚÔÓÙ·È ÛÙÔ Î›ÌÂÓÔ, ·Ó·ÁÚ¿ÊÔÓÙ·È ÛÙÔÓ ‚È‚ÏÈÔÁÚ·-ÊÈÎfi ηٿÏÔÁÔ, Ô ÔÔ›Ô˜ ·Ú¯›˙ÂÈ Û Í¯ˆÚÈÛÙ‹ ÛÂÏ›‰· ÌÂ-Ù¿ ÙÔ Î›ÌÂÓÔ. OÈ Û˘ÓÙÌ‹ÛÂȘ ÙˆÓ Ù›ÙÏˆÓ ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎÒÓ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÁÚ¿ÊÔÓÙ·ÈÛ‡Ìʈӷ Ì ÙÔ Dental Index Î·È Index Medicus. °È· ÙȘ Û˘-ÓÙÌ‹ÛÂȘ ÙˆÓ ÂÏÏËÓÈÎÒÓ ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎÒÓ ÔÈ Û˘ÁÁÚ·Ê›˜ Ú¤ÂÈÓ· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï‡ÔÓÙ·È ÙÔÓ Û¯ÂÙÈÎfi ηٿÏÔÁÔ ÙÔ˘ IATPOTEK. ¶·Ú·‰Â›ÁÌ·Ù· ÁÚ·Ê‹˜ ÙˆÓ ‚È‚ÏÈÔÁÚ·ÊÈÎÒÓ ·Ú·ÔÌÒÓ:¶ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎfi: AӷʤÚÔÓÙ·È Ì ÙËÓ ÛÂÈÚ¿ Ù· ÂÒÓ˘Ì· Î·È Ù··Ú¯Èο ÙˆÓ ÔÓÔÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÙˆÓ Û˘ÁÁڷʤˆÓ ̤¯ÚÈ ¤ÍË (fiÙ·Ó Â›-Ó·È ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚÔÈ ·ÎÔÏÔ˘ı› Ë ¤Ó‰ÂÈÍË «et al» ÚÔÎÂÈ̤ÓÔ˘ÁÈ· ÍÂÓfiÁψÛÛ· ¿ÚıÚ· ‹ «Î·È Û˘Ó.» ÚÔÎÂÈ̤ÓÔ˘ ÁÈ· ÂÏÏË-ÓÈο ¿ÚıÚ·), Ô Ù›ÙÏÔ˜ Ù˘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜, Ë Û˘ÓÙÔÌÔÁÚ·Ê›· ÙÔ˘ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎÔ‡, ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜, Ô ÙfiÌÔ˜, ÙÔ Ù‡¯Ô˜, Ë ÚÒÙË Î·È Ë ÙÂ-ÏÂ˘Ù·›· ÛÂÏ›‰· Ù˘ ‰ËÌÔÛ›Â˘Û˘. ¶.¯. Ettinger RL:Rational Dental Care: Part 1. Has the concept changed in20 years? J Can Dent Assoc 2006; 72(5): 441-445.™ËÌÂȈ٤ÔÓ fiÙÈ Ë Û˘ÓÙÔÌÔÁÚ·Ê›· ÙÔ˘ ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎÔ‡ EÏÏËÓÈ΋NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ Â›Ó·È EÏÏ NÔÛ O‰ÔÓÙ.BÈ‚Ï›Ô, ÂÁ¯ÂÈÚ›‰ÈÔ, ÌÔÓÔÁÚ·Ê›·: AӷʤÚÔÓÙ·È Ì ÙËÓ ÛÂÈ-Ú¿ Ù· ÂÒÓ˘Ì· Î·È ·Ú¯Èο ÙˆÓ ÔÓÔÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÙˆÓ Û˘ÁÁڷʤ-ˆÓ, Ô Ù›ÙÏÔ˜ ÙÔ˘ ‚È‚Ï›Ô˘, Ô ·ÚÈıÌfi˜ ¤Î‰ÔÛ˘, Ë fiÏË ¤Î‰Ô-Û˘, Ô ÂΉfiÙ˘, ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜, ¿Óˆ - οو ÙÂÏ›· Î·È Ë ÛÂÏ›‰·.¶.¯. Little JW, Falace DA, Miller CS, Rhodus NL: DentalManagement. 5th ed. St. Louis. Mosby. 1997: 274.AÓ Ë ‚È‚ÏÈÔÁÚ·ÊÈ΋ ·Ú·ÔÌ‹ ·ÔÙÂÏ› ÎÂÊ¿Ï·ÈÔ ÂÓfi˜ ‚È-‚Ï›Ô˘ Ô˘ ¤¯ÂÈ ÁÚ·Ê› ·fi ¿ÏÏÔ Û˘ÁÁڷʤ·, Ë ·Ó·ÊÔÚ¿ Á›-ÓÂÙ·È ˆ˜ ÂÍ‹˜: Mitchell PF: Pain Management in the Hospital.In: Zambito RF, Black HA, Tesch LB, eds. Hospital DentistryPractice and Education. St. Louis. Mosby. 1997: 223-242.¶Ú·ÎÙÈο ™˘Ó‰ڛԢ: AӷʤÚÔÓÙ·È Ì ÙËÓ ÛÂÈÚ¿ Ù· ÂÒÓ˘-Ì· Î·È ·Ú¯Èο ÙˆÓ ÔÓÔÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÙˆÓ Û˘ÁÁڷʤˆÓ, Ô Ù›ÙÏÔ˜ Ù˘ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜, Ô Ù›ÙÏÔ˜ ÙÔ˘ Û˘Ó‰ڛԢ, ¤ÙÔ˜ ¤Î‰ÔÛ˘ ÙˆÓ Ú·-ÎÙÈÎÒÓ, ÛÂÏ›‰Â˜, ÔÚÁ·ÓˆÙ‹˜, ÙfiÔ˜ ¶.¯. Welbury R: Therole of the dental team in child protection. TfiÌÔ˜ ¶Ú·ÎÙÈÎÒÓ27Ô˘ ¶·ÓÂÏÏËÓ›Ô˘ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡ ™˘Ó‰ڛԢ, 2007, ÛÂÏ.49, EÏÏËÓÈ΋ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ OÌÔÛÔÓ‰›·, Aı‹Ó·.IÛÙÔÛÂÏ›‰Â˜:http://www.dentalcare.com/soap/intermed/conhea.htm,fiˆ˜ ·˘Ùfi ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙ÂÙ·È ÙËÓ .............. (ËÌÂÚÔÌËÓ›· ·Ó·-˙‹ÙËÛ˘).

AÁÁÏÈ΋ ÂÚ›ÏË„Ë. ¶ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÂÈ ÙÔÓ Ù›ÙÏÔ Ù˘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜,

Ù· ÔÓfiÌ·Ù· ÙˆÓ Û˘ÁÁڷʤˆÓ, ÙÔ Î›ÌÂÓÔ Ù˘ ÂÚ›ÏË„Ë˜Î·È 3-5 ϤÍÂȘ - ÎÏÂȉȿ. H ¤ÎÙ·ÛË ÙˆÓ ÂÚÈÏ‹„ÂˆÓ ı· Ú¤-ÂÈ Ó· Î˘Ì·›ÓÂÙ·È ÌÂٷ͇ 300 Î·È 350 Ϥ͈Ó. K·Ù¿ Ù· ¿Ï-Ï· ÈÛ¯‡Ô˘Ó Ù· ·Ó·ÊÂÚfiÌÂÓ· ÛÙËÓ ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÂÚ›ÏË„Ë.

¶›Ó·Î˜. ¢·ÎÙ˘ÏÔÁÚ·ÊÔ‡ÓÙ·È Û ¯ˆÚÈÛÙ‹ ÛÂÏ›‰· Ô˘ Â-ÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÂÈ Î·È ÙË ÏÂ˙¿ÓÙ·. AÚÈıÌÔ‡ÓÙ·È Ì ·Ú·‚ÈÎÔ‡˜·ÚÈıÌÔ‡˜ Ô˘ ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÔÓÙ·È ÛÙÔ Î›ÌÂÓÔ. OÈ ÂÂÍËÁ‹ÛÂÈ˜ÙˆÓ Û˘ÓÙÔÌÔÁÚ·ÊÈÒÓ Î·È ÔÈ Ù˘¯fiÓ ··ÈÙÔ‡ÌÂÓ˜ ‰È¢ÎÚÈÓ›-ÛÂȘ, ·Ó·ÁÚ¿ÊÔÓÙ·È ÛÙÔ Ù¤ÏÔ˜ ÙÔ˘ ›Ó·Î·.

EÈÎfiÓ˜. T· Û¯‹Ì·Ù·, Ù· ‰È·ÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· Î·È ÔÈ ÊˆÙÔÁÚ·-ʛ˜ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Ó· ÌËÓ ÂÌÂÚȤ¯ÔÓÙ·È ÛÙËÓ ÚÔ‹ ÙÔ˘ ÎÂÈ-̤ÓÔ˘ Ù˘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜. A˘Ù¿ ηٷٛıÂÓÙ·È ËÏÂÎÙÚÔÓÈο ÛÂÌÔÚÊ‹ ·Ú¯Â›ˆÓ JPG ÙÔ Î·ı¤Ó· ·ÔıËÎÂ˘Ì¤ÓÔ Í¯ˆÚÈ-ÛÙ¿.OÈ ÏÂ˙¿ÓÙ˜ ÙˆÓ ÂÈÎfiÓˆÓ ÁÚ¿ÊÔÓÙ·È Û Í¯ˆÚÈÛÙ‹ ÛÂÏ›-‰· Ì ÙÔÓ ·‡ÍÔÓÙ· ·ÚÈıÌfi ÙÔ˘˜ Î·È ˘Ô‚¿ÏÏÔÓÙ·È Â›Û˘ËÏÂÎÙÚÔÓÈο.EÈÛËÌ·›ÓÂÙ·È fiÙÈ Â¿Ó ÛÙȘ ÂÈÎfiÓ˜ ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙ÂÙ·È ÙÔ ÚfiÛˆ-Ô ÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂÓÔ‡˜, Ë ™˘ÓÙ·ÎÙÈ΋ EÈÙÚÔ‹ ηٿ ÙË ‰ËÌÔÛ›-¢ÛË ı· ηχÙÂÈ ÙÔ˘˜ ÔÊı·ÏÌÔ‡˜ Ì ̷‡ÚË Ù·ÈÓ›· ÁÈ· Ïfi-ÁÔ˘˜ Û‚·ÛÌÔ‡ ÙˆÓ ÚÔÛˆÈÎÒÓ ‰Â‰Ô̤ӈÓ.

KÚ›ÛË - ‰ËÌÔÛ›Â˘ÛË ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜H ÎÚ›ÛË ÙˆÓ ÂÚÁ·ÛÈÒÓ Á›ÓÂÙ·È ·fi ‰‡Ô ÎÚÈÙ¤˜ ÔÈ ÔÔ›ÔÈ ÂÈ-ϤÁÔÓÙ·È ·fi ÙËÓ ™˘ÓÙ·ÎÙÈ΋ EÈÙÚÔ‹. H ™˘ÓÙ·ÎÙÈ΋EÈÙÚÔ‹ ¤¯ÂÈ ÙÔ ‰Èη›ˆÌ· Ó· ÚÔÙ›ÓÂÈ ÙÚÔÔÔÈ‹ÛÂȘ ‹Ó· ·ÔÚÚ›ÙÂÈ Ù· ¿ÚıÚ· Ô˘ ‰ÂÓ ˘Ô‚¿ÏÏÔÓÙ·È ÁÚ·Ì̤ӷۇÌʈӷ Ì ÙȘ ·ÓˆÙ¤Úˆ Ô‰ËÁ›Â˜.

EȉÈΤ˜ ÂÈÛËÌ¿ÓÛÂȘ °È· ÙËÓ ·Ú·Ï·‚‹ οı ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈ΋˜ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ ÁÈ· ‰ËÌÔ-Û›Â˘ÛË, ÂÈÛ˘Ó¿ÙÂÙ·È ˘Ô¯ÚˆÙÈο ÂÓ˘fiÁÚ·ÊË ‰È·‚Â-‚·›ˆÛË ÙˆÓ Û˘ÁÁڷʤˆÓ fiÙÈ Ë ÂÚÁ·Û›· ‰ÂÓ ¤¯ÂÈ Î·Ù·ÙÂı›Û ¿ÏÏÔ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎfi ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎfi, ›Û˘ fiÙÈ ‰ÂÓ ÂÚȤ¯ÂÈ·˘ÙÔ‡ÛȘ ÚÔÙ¿ÛÂȘ ·fi ¿ÏϘ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈΤ˜ ‰ËÌÔÛȇ-ÛÂȘ (ÂÎÙfi˜ ·fi ÔÚÈÛÌÔ‡˜, ÓfiÌÔ˘˜, ‰È·Ù¿ÍÂȘ Î·È Î·ÓfiÓ˜)ηıÒ˜ Î·È fiÙÈ ÙÔ ÊˆÙÔÁÚ·ÊÈÎfi ˘ÏÈÎfi Â›Ó·È Â›Ù ›‰ÈÔ Â›Ù ÌÂ-ٷۯ‰ȷṲ̂ÓÔ.T· ‰ËÌÔÛÈÂ˘Ì¤Ó· ¿ÚıÚ·, ÙˆÓ ÂÈÎfiÓˆÓ Û˘ÌÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚·ÓÔ̤-ÓˆÓ, ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡Ó È‰ÈÔÎÙËÛ›· ÙÔ˘ ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎÔ‡. ¶ÚÔÎÂÈ̤ÓÔ˘Ó· ·Ó·‰ËÌÔÛÈ¢ıÔ‡Ó ··ÈÙÂ›Ù·È Ë ¿‰ÂÈ· Ù˘ ™˘ÓÙ·ÎÙÈ΋˜EÈÙÚÔ‹˜ Î·È ÙÔ˘ Û˘ÁÁڷʤ·.

£ÂÌ·ÙÈ΋ EÓfiÙËÙ·

O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi˜ Êfi‚Ô˜:ŒÓ· Úfi‚ÏËÌ· ÁÈ· ÙÔÓ ·ÛıÂÓ‹ Î·È ÙÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ

Aı·Ó¿ÛÈÔ˜ ™ËÏȈÙfiÔ˘ÏÔ˜1, EÏ¢ı¤ÚÈÔ˜ NÙfiÎÔ˜2

«O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi˜ Êfi‚Ô˜» (Oº) Â›Ó·È Ô ˘ÂÚ‚ÔÏÈÎfi˜ Êfi‚Ô˜ ÁÈ· Ô,Ùȉ‹ÔÙ Á›ÓÂÙ·È ÛÙ· ‰fiÓÙÈ· Ì·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· οı ԉÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ¤̂·ÛË, ·ÓÂÍ¿ÚÙËÙ· ·fi ÙÔ fiÛÔ ÌÈÎÚ‹ ›ӷÈ, Ó· ·Ó·‚¿ÏÏÂ-Ù·È ‹ Ó· ηı˘ÛÙÂÚ› ÙfiÛÔ, ÒÛÙ ӷ ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÂËÚ·ÛÙ› Ë Û˘ÓÔÏÈ΋ ηٿÛÙ·ÛË Ù˘ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ-΋˜ ˘Á›·˜ ÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂÓÔ‡˜. ™ÎÔfi˜ Ù˘ ·ÚÔ‡Û·˜ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ Â›Ó·È Ó· ·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿ÛÂÈ Û‡Ìʈӷ Ì ٷ ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›· ‰Â‰Ô̤ӷ: A)TË ‰È¿ÎÚÈÛË ·Ó¿ÌÂÛ· ÛÙÔ˘˜ fiÚÔ˘˜: «Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi ¿Á¯Ô˜», «Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi˜ Êfi‚Ô˜» Î·È «Ô‰Ô-ÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÔ‚›·». B) TÔÓ ÂÈÔÏ·ÛÌfi Î·È ÙȘ ÌÂıfi‰Ô˘˜ ηٷÁÚ·Ê‹˜ ÙÔ˘ Oº. °) T· ÂÚÂı›ÛÌ·Ù·Ô˘ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ÚÔηϤÛÔ˘Ó Oº ηıÒ˜ Î·È ÙËÓ ·ÈÙÈÔÏÔÁ›· Î·È ÙȘ Û˘Ó¤ÂȘ ÙÔ˘ Oº, ÙfiÛÔÛÙÔÓ ·ÛıÂÓ‹ fiÛÔ Î·È ÙÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ. ¢) TËÓ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛË ÙÔ˘ Oº.O Oº Û˘Ó·ÓÙ¿Ù·È Û ÔÛÔÛÙfi 4-20% ÙÔ˘ ÁÂÓÈÎÔ‡ ÏËı˘ÛÌÔ‡ ÙˆÓ ‚ÈÔÌ˯·ÓÔÔÈËÌ¤ÓˆÓ ¯ˆ-ÚÒÓ. H ËÏÈΛ·, ÙÔ Ê‡ÏÔ, Ë ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋ Ù¿ÍË, Ë ÂıÓÈ΋ ηٷÁˆÁ‹ Î·È Ë ÂӉ¯fiÌÂÓË ·ÚÔ˘Û›· ο-ÔÈ·˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜, „˘¯È΋˜ ‹ ‰È·ÓÔËÙÈ΋˜ ‰È·Ù·Ú·¯‹˜ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ÂËÚ¿ÛÔ˘Ó ÙÔ Â›Â‰ÔÙÔ˘ Oº. OÈ Ì¤¯ÚÈ ÙÒÚ· ÌÂϤÙ˜ ‰Â›¯ÓÔ˘Ó fiÙÈ Ô Oº Û˘Ó·ÓÙ¿Ù·È Î·È ÛÙËÓ EÏÏ¿‰· ÛÂ Û˘¯ÓfiÙËÙ·Î·È Ì ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚÈÛÙÈο ·Ó¿ÏÔÁ· Ì ·˘Ù¿ Ô˘ ·Ú·ÙËÚÔ‡ÓÙ·È ‰ÈÂıÓÒ˜. ™Ô‚·Ú‹ Û˘Ó¤ÂÈ· ÙÔ˘ Oº ·ÔÙÂÏ› Ë «Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ·ÔÊ˘Á‹» Ë ÔÔ›· Û˘Ó¿ÁÂÙ·È Î·ı˘ÛÙ¤-ÚËÛË ‹ Î·È ·Î‡ÚˆÛË Ù˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÚfiÏ˄˘ Î·È ıÂڷ›·˜ Ì ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· ÙËÓ Âȉ›-ÓˆÛË Ù˘ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ ˘Á›·˜ ηÈ, ›Ûˆ˜, ηÙ`¤ÎÙ·ÛË Ù˘ ÔÈfiÙËÙ·˜ ˙ˆ‹˜ ÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂÓÔ‡˜. H ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛË ÙÔ˘ Oº Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÛÙËÚ›˙ÂÙ·È Î˘Ú›ˆ˜ Û ıÂڷ¢ÙÈΤ˜ - Û˘ÌÂÚÈÊÔÚÈΤ˜ ·-ÚÂÌ‚¿ÛÂȘ. øÛÙfiÛÔ, Û·Ó ÂÓ·ÏÏ·ÎÙÈΤ˜ χÛÂȘ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ̄ ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈËıÔ‡Ó: ·) Ë ̄ Ú‹ÛË Ê·Ú-Ì¿ÎˆÓ (Û˘Ó‹ıˆ˜ Ìȉ·˙ÔÏ¿ÌË Î·È ‚ÂÓ˙ԉȷ˙›ÓË), ‚) Ë „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋ ÚÔÛ¤ÁÁÈÛË Ì Ù¯ÓÈΤ˜ ̄ ·-Ï¿ÚˆÛ˘ ·fi ÙÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ, Á) Ë ¯·Ï¿ÚˆÛË Ì ڈÙÔÍ›‰ÈÔ ·˙ÒÙÔ˘ Î·È ‰) Ë ÁÂÓÈ΋ ·Ó·È-ÛıËÛ›·.

ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 11-20, 2013

§¤ÍÂȘ ÎÏÂȉȿ: Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi˜ Êfi‚Ô˜, Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi ¿Á¯Ô˜, Ô‰Ô-ÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÔ‚›·, Ô‰ÔÓÙÔıÂڷ›·.

1 O‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ˜, EÈÌÂÏËÙ‹˜ A’ E.™.Y.2 O‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ˜, ™˘ÓÙÔÓÈÛÙ‹˜ ¢È¢ı˘ÓÙ‹˜ E.™.Y.

ÿ‰Ú˘Ì· ÚÔ¤Ï¢Û˘: O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi TÌ‹Ì·, °ÂÓÈÎÔ NÔ̷گȷÎfi NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂ›Ô X·ÏΛ‰·˜

M¤ÚÔ˜ Ù˘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ ·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿ÛıËΠˆ˜ ÂχıÂÚË ·Ó·ÎÔ›ÓˆÛËÛÙÔ 15Ô ¶·ÌÂÏÔÔÓÓËÛÈ·Îfi O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi ™˘Ó¤‰ÚÈÔ (K·Ï·Ì¿-Ù·, 20-22 IÔ˘Ó›Ô˘ 2014)

EI™A°ø°H - OPI™MOI

O Êfi‚Ô˜ ·¤Ó·ÓÙÈ ÛÙȘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈΤ˜ ÂÂÌ‚¿ÛÂȘ ¤-¯ÂÈ Î·Ù¿ ηÈÚÔ‡˜ ÂÚÈÁÚ·Ê› ·fi ‰È¿ÊÔÚÔ˘˜ ÌÂÏÂÙË-Ù¤˜ ˆ˜ «Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi˜ Êfi‚Ô˜» (Oº) (“dental fear”), ‹«Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi ¿Á¯Ô˜» (“dental anxiety”) ‹ «Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÔ‚›·» (“dental phobia”)1. OÚÈṲ̂ÓÔÈ Û˘ÁÁÚ·-Ê›˜ ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÔ‡Ó Î·È ÙÔÓ fiÚÔ «Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi˜ Êfi-‚Ô˜ Î·È ¿Á¯Ô˜» (“dental fear and anxiety”).OÈ ·Ú·¿Óˆ fiÚÔÈ ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÔÓÙ·È ÛÙË ‰ÈÂıÓ‹ ‚È‚ÏÈÔ-ÁÚ·Ê›· ̄ ˆÚ›˜ ÔÈ Û˘ÁÁÚ·Ê›˜ Ó· ·Ô‰›‰Ô˘Ó ¿ÓÙ· ÙËÓ›‰È· ÛËÌ·Û›· Û ·˘ÙÔ‡˜. °È· Ó· ηٷÓÔËıÔ‡Ó ÔÈ ·-Ú·¿Óˆ fiÚÔÈ Î·È ÔÈ ‰È·ÊÔÚ¤˜ ÌÂٷ͇ ÙÔ˘˜, ı· Ú¤ÂÈÚÒÙ· Ó· ÔÚÈÛıÔ‡Ó ÔÈ ÁÂÓÈÎfiÙÂÚ˜ ¤ÓÓÔȘ ¿Á¯Ô˜,Êfi‚Ô˜ Î·È ÊÔ‚›·. TÔ ¿Á¯Ô˜ Î·È Ô Êfi‚Ô˜ ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡Ó

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ÙȘ Û˘Ó·ÈÛıËÌ·ÙÈΤ˜ ··ÓÙ‹ÛÂȘ ÙÔ˘ ·ÙfiÌÔ˘ ηٿÙËÓ ÂÎÙ›ÌËÛË ÂÂÚ¯fiÌÂÓÔ˘ ÎÈÓ‰‡ÓÔ˘. ÕÁ¯Ô˜ Â›Ó·È ÌÈ·‰˘Û¿ÚÂÛÙË Û˘ÁÎÈÓËÛȷ΋ ηٿÛÙ·ÛË ÔÈΛÏÏÔ˘Û·˜¤ÓÙ·Û˘ Î·È ‰È¿ÚÎÂÈ·˜, Ô˘ ÂÎχÂÙ·È ·fi ÙËÓ ÂÎÙ›ÌË-ÛË ÂÂÚ¯fiÌÂÓ˘ ·ÂÈÏ‹˜ ηٿ ÙÔ˘ ·˘ÙÔ‡, ·Î·ıfiÚÈ-ÛÙ˘ ‹ ÌË Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÈ΋˜. EÎÙ›ÌËÛË Â›Ó·È Ë Ù·¯‡Ù·ÙËÁÓˆÛÙÈ΋ ÂÁÎÂÊ·ÏÈ΋ ‰È·‰Èηۛ· ̤ۈ Ù˘ ÔÔ›·˜ ÙÔ¿ÙÔÌÔ ·ÍÈÔÏÔÁ› ÌÈ· ηٿÛÙ·ÛË. ŸÙ·Ó, ÂÔ̤ӈ˜, ÌȷηٿÛÙ·ÛË ·ÍÈÔÏÔÁËı› ˆ˜ ÂÈΛӉ˘ÓË ÁÈ· ÙÔ ¿ÙÔÌÔ,·ÎÔÏÔ˘ı› ˆ˜ ·¿ÓÙËÛË ÙÔ ¿Á¯Ô˜. TÔ ¿Á¯Ô˜ ‰ËÏ·‰‹Â›Ó·È ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· Î·È fi¯È ·ÈÙ›· ·˘Ù‹˜ Ù˘ ηٿÛÙ·-Û˘. ºfi‚Ô˜ Â›Ó·È ÌÈ· ‰˘Û¿ÚÂÛÙË Û˘ÁÎÈÓËÛȷ΋ ηٿ-ÛÙ·ÛË ÔÈΛÏÏÔ˘Û·˜ ¤ÓÙ·Û˘ Î·È ‰È¿ÚÎÂÈ·˜, Ô˘ Â-ÎχÂÙ·È ·fi ÙËÓ ÂÎÙ›ÌËÛË Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È Î·ıÔÚÈ-Ṳ̂Ó˘ ÂÂÚ¯fiÌÂÓ˘ ·ÂÈÏ‹˜. H ‰Â ÊÔ‚›· Â›Ó·È ÌÔÚ-Ê‹ ˘ÂÚ‚ÔÏÈÎÔ‡ ‹ ·ıÔÏÔÁÈÎÔ‡ Êfi‚Ô˘ Ô˘ ÂÈ̤ÓÂÈÛÙÔÓ ¯ÚfiÓÔ, ÚÔ¤Ú¯ÂÙ·È ·fi Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ÓÔ ÂÚ¤ıÈÛÌ·Î·È Á›ÓÂÙ·È ÂÌfi‰ÈÔ ÛÙËÓ Ê˘ÛÈÔÏÔÁÈ΋ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛËÙ˘ ηıËÌÂÚÈÓfiÙËÙ·˜ ÙÔ˘ ·ÙfiÌÔ˘. H ÊÔ‚›· Â›Ó·È ¤Ó·˜Â›ÌÔÓÔ˜ Î·È ·Ú¿ÏÔÁÔ˜ Êfi‚Ô˜ ÁÈ· οÔÈÔ Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ-̤ÓÔ ·ÓÙÈΛÌÂÓÔ ‹ ηٿÛÙ·ÛË, Ô˘ ¤¯ÂÈ ˆ˜ ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂ-ÛÌ· ÙËÓ ÂÈı˘Ì›· ·ÔÊ˘Á‹˜ ·˘ÙÔ‡ ÙÔ˘ ·ÓÙÈÎÂÈ̤ÓÔ˘‹ Ù˘ ηٿÛÙ·Û˘2, 3.«O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi ¿Á¯Ô˜» Â›Ó·È Ô fiÚÔ˜ Ô˘ ̄ ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈ›-Ù·È ÁÈ· Ó· ÂÚÈÁÚ¿„ÂÈ ¤Ó· ÏÈÁfiÙÂÚÔ ‹ ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚÔ‰˘Ó·Ùfi ·ÏÏ¿ fi¯È ·ıÔÏÔÁÈÎfi ·›ÛıËÌ· Êfi‚Ô˘ Û ۯ¤-ÛË Ì ÌÈ· Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ›ÛÎÂ„Ë ‹ ¤Ó· ÂÚ¤ıÈÛÌ· Û¯Â-ÙÈÎfi Ì ԉÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ıÂڷ›·4. O ÚÒÙÔ˜ Ô˘ ÂÈÛ‹-Á·Á ÙÔÓ fiÚÔ «Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi˜ Êfi‚Ô˜» (Oº) ‹Ù·Ó ÔCoriat5 Ô ÔÔ›Ô˜ ÙÔÓ fiÚÈÛ ˆ˜ «¤Ó· ˘ÂÚ‚ÔÏÈÎfi Êfi‚ÔÁÈ· Ô,Ùȉ‹ÔÙ Á›ÓÂÙ·È ÛÙ· ‰fiÓÙÈ·» Ì ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ·«Î¿ı ԉÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ¤̂·ÛË, ·ÓÂÍ¿ÚÙËÙ· ·fi ÙÔfiÛÔ ÌÈÎÚ‹ ›ӷÈ, Ó· ·Ó·‚¿ÏÏÂÙ·È ‹ Ó· ηı˘ÛÙÂÚ› Ùfi-ÛÔ, ÒÛÙ ӷ ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÂËÚ·ÛÙ› Ë Û˘ÓÔÏÈ΋ ηٿ-ÛÙ·ÛË Ù˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ΋˜ ̆ Á›·˜». O Lautch6 fiÚÈÛ ÙËÓ «Ô-‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÔ‚›·» ˆ˜ «¤Ó· ȉȷ›ÙÂÚÔ Â›‰Ô˜ ÊÔ‚›·˜‰˘Û·Ó¿ÏÔÁÔ ÚÔ˜ ÙȘ ··ÈÙ‹ÛÂȘ Ù˘ ηٿÛÙ·Û˘,Ô˘ ‰ÂÓ ·ÓÙ·ÔÎÚ›ÓÂÙ·È ÛÙËÓ ·ÈÙ›·, ˘ÂÚ‚·›ÓÂÈ Û·-ÊÒ˜ ÙÔÓ ÂıÂÏÔ‡ÛÈÔ ¤ÏÂÁ¯Ô Î·È Ô‰ËÁ› ÛÙËÓ ·ÔÊ˘Á‹Ù˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ıÂڷ›·˜, fiÔ˘ ·˘Ù‹ Â›Ó·È Ú·Á-Ì·ÙÈο ··Ú·›ÙËÙË».T· DSM-IV (“Diagnostic and Statistical Manual ofMental Disorders”) Î·È ICD-10 (“International StatisticalClassification of Diseases and Related Health Problems- 10th Revision”) ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡Ó Ù· Û˘ÛÙ‹Ì·Ù· ‰È¿ÁÓˆÛ˘Ù˘ „˘¯Ô·ıÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Ô˘ ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÔ‡ÓÙ·È Û‹ÌÂÚ··ÓÂ˘Úˆ·˚ο. ™Â ηӤӷ ·fi ·˘Ù¿ ‰ÂÓ ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ È‰È-·›ÙÂÚÔ˜ ÔÚÈÛÌfi˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÔ‚›· ·ÏÏ¿ ·˘-Ù‹ ηٷÓÔÂ›Ù·È Û·Ó ¤Ó· ›‰Ô˜ ÂȉÈ΋˜ ÊÔ‚›·˜7. ™‡Ì-ʈӷ Ì ÙÔ DSM-IV, Ô ÔÚÈÛÌfi˜ Ù˘ ÂȉÈ΋˜ ÊÔ‚›·˜ ›-Ó·È: «ŒÎ‰ËÏÔ˜ Î·È Â›ÌÔÓÔ˜ Êfi‚Ô˜ Ô˘ Â›Ó·È ˘ÂÚ‚Ô-ÏÈÎfi˜ ‹ ·‰ÈηÈÔÏfiÁËÙÔ˜, Û˘Óԉ¢fiÌÂÓÔ˜ ·fi ÙËÓ ·-ÚÔ˘Û›· ‹ ·Ó·ÌÔÓ‹ ÂÓfi˜ Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ÓÔ˘ ·ÓÙÈÎÂÈ̤ÓÔ˘‹ ηٿÛÙ·Û˘»8. H Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÔ‚›· ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚ›˙Â-Ù·È ˆ˜ ÂȉÈ΋ ÊÔ‚›·, ‰ÈfiÙÈ ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙ÂÈ Ù· ÂÍ‹˜ ¯·Ú·ÎÙË-ÚÈÛÙÈο: ·) O ·ÛıÂÓ‹˜ ‚Ú›ÛÎÂÙ·È ̆ fi ÙÔ Î·ıÂÛÙÒ˜ Û˘-Ó¯ԇ˜ Êfi‚Ô˘ ÁÈ· ÙÔ Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ÓÔ ÂÚ¤ıÈÛÌ·, Ô˘ ›-Ó·È Ë Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ›Û΄Ë. ‚) H ¤ÎıÂÛË ÛÙÔ Û˘ÁÎÂ-ÎÚÈ̤ÓÔ ÂÚ¤ıÈÛÌ· ÚÔηÏ› ۯ‰fiÓ ¿ÌÂÛË Î·È ·Ó·fi-

Ê¢ÎÙË ·ÓÙ›‰Ú·ÛË Êfi‚Ô˘. Á) TÔ ÂÚ¤ıÈÛÌ· (Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚÈ΋ ›Û΄Ë) ·ÔʇÁÂÙ·È. ‰) H ηıËÌÂÚÈÓfiÙËÙ·ÙÔ˘ ·ÙfiÌÔ˘ ÂËÚ¿˙ÂÙ·È ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈο ·fi ÙÔ ¿Á¯Ô˜ ‹ÙËÓ ·ÔÊ˘Á‹ Ù˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ›Û΄˘. Â) O ·-ÛıÂÓ‹˜ ·ÓÙÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÂÙ·È fiÙÈ Ô Êfi‚Ô˜ ÙÔ˘ Â›Ó·È ̆ ÂÚ‚Ô-ÏÈÎfi˜ Î·È ·‰ÈηÈÔÏfiÁËÙÔ˜9. E›Ó·È ۷ʤ˜ fiÙÈ Ë Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÔ‚›· ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚ›˙ÂÙ·È ·fi ·ÔÊ˘Á‹ Ù˘ Ô‰Ô-ÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ıÂڷ›·˜ Î·È ˘„ËÏfi Â›Â‰Ô ¿Á¯Ô˘˜10. OFreeman11 ÙÔÓ›˙ÂÈ ÙË ÛËÌ·Û›· Ù˘ ·ÔÊ˘Á‹˜ Ù˘ Ô‰Ô-ÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ıÂڷ›·˜ ÛÙËÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÔ‚›·, ÈÛ¯˘-ÚÈ˙fiÌÂÓÔ˜ fiÙÈ Ë Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÔ‚›· ‰ÂÓ ÌÔÚ› Ó·‰È·ÁÓˆÛı› ÌfiÓÔ ·fi ÙËÓ ·ÚÔ˘Û›· Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡¿Á¯Ô˘˜ ·ÏÏ¿ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Û˘ÓÂÎÙÈÌËı› ÚÒÙ· Î·È ÙÔÈÛÙÔÚÈÎfi ÙˆÓ ÚÔËÁÔ‡ÌÂÓˆÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÒÓ ÂÌÂÈ-ÚÈÒÓ ÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂÓÔ‡˜. H Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÔ‚›· ıˆÚ›ٷȷfi ÙÔ Û‡ÓÔÏÔ ÙˆÓ ÌÂÏÂÙËÙÒÓ ̂ ˜ ÙÔ Ù¤ÏÔ˜ ÌÈ·˜ Û˘Ó¤-¯ÂÈ·˜ ÙÔ˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡ ¿Á¯Ô˘˜12.

E¶I¶O§A™MO™ TOY Oº

TÔ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi ¿Á¯Ô˜ Û˘Ó·ÓÙ¿Ù·È Û ÔÛÔÛÙfi 4-20% ÙÔ˘ ÁÂÓÈÎÔ‡ ÏËı˘ÛÌÔ‡ ÙˆÓ ‚ÈÔÌ˯·ÓÔÔÈË̤-ÓˆÓ ̄ ˆÚÒÓ13, 14. O ÂÈÔÏ·ÛÌfi˜ ÙˆÓ ·ÙfiÌˆÓ Ì ̆ „ËϿ›‰· Oº ÔÈΛÏÏÂÈ ·Ó¿ÌÂÛ· Û 4%15, 16 ¤ˆ˜ Î·È ¿-Óˆ ·fi 20%16, Ì ÙȘ ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ˜ ÌÂϤÙ˜ Ó· ·Ó·-ʤÚÔ˘Ó ÙÈ̤˜ οو ÙÔ˘ 10%17, 18. ™ÙÔ Hӈ̤ÓÔ B·Û›-ÏÂÈÔ, Ô Oº ‹ ÙÔ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi ¿Á¯Ô˜ ˘ÔÏÔÁ›˙ÂÙ·È fiÙÈÂËÚ¿˙Ô˘Ó ÂÚ›Ô˘ ÙÔ 36% ÙÔ˘ ÂÓ‹ÏÈÎÔ˘ ÏËı˘-ÛÌÔ‡ ÂÓÒ ¤Ó· ÂÈϤÔÓ ÔÛÔÛÙfi 12% Ê·›ÓÂÙ·È Ó· ˘-ÔʤÚÂÈ ·fi ·ÎÚ·›Ô Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi Êfi‚Ô12. ™ÙËÓ °ÂÚ-Ì·Ó›·, ÙÚÂȘ ¤Ú¢Ó˜ ÁÈ· ÙÔÓ Oº, Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ·Â˘ı˘Ó-ı› Û ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ Ô˘ ·Ó·Ì¤ÓÔ˘Ó ÛÙÔ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÂ›Ô ÁÈ·Ó· ‰Â¯ıÔ‡Ó Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ıÂڷ›·, ‰Â›¯ÓÔ˘Ó fiÙÈ Â-Ú›Ô˘ 10% ÙÔ˘ ÏËı˘ÛÌÔ‡ ̆ ÔʤÚÂÈ ·fi Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ-΋ ÊÔ‚›· Î·È ÂÈÛΤÙÂÙ·È ÙÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ ÌfiÓÔ fiÙ·ÓÔ fiÓÔ˜ Â›Ó·È ·Ó˘fiÊÔÚÔ˜19, 20. B¤‚·È·, ÔÈ ÌÂϤÙ˜ ·˘-Ù¤˜ ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È ·ÓÙÈÚÔÛˆÂ˘ÙÈΤ˜ ÙÔ˘ ÁÂÓÈÎÔ‡ ÏËı˘-ÛÌÔ‡ ‰ÈfiÙÈ ÔÈ ¿ÓıÚˆÔÈ Ô˘ ˘ÔʤÚÔ˘Ó ·fi Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÔ‚›· ̄ ·Ú·ÎÙËÚ›˙ÔÓÙ·È ·fi ÙËÓ ·ÔÊ˘Á‹ Ù˘ Ô-‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ›Û΄˘ ηÈ, ÂÔ̤ӈ˜, Ì¿ÏÏÔÓ ‰ÂÓÛ˘ÌÂÚÈÏ‹ÊıËÎ·Ó ÛÙÔ ·Ú·¿Óˆ ‰Â›ÁÌ·. YÔÏÔÁ›˙Â-Ù·È fiÙÈ ÙÔ 7-10% ÙÔ˘ °ÂÚÌ·ÓÈÎÔ‡ ÏËı˘ÛÌÔ‡ ‰ÂÓ Ë-Á·›ÓÔ˘Ó ÛÙÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ Î·È fiÙÈ ÙÔ 75% ÙˆÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚÈÎÒÓ ÂÚÈÛÙ·ÙÈÎÒÓ ·ÊÔÚÔ‡Ó ÛÙÔ 25% ÙÔ˘ ÏËı˘-ÛÌÔ‡21. MÂϤÙË ÙˆÓ Stouthard Î·È Û˘Ó.16 ·ÔÎ¿Ï˘„ÂfiÙÈ ¿Óˆ ÙÔ˘ 50% ÙÔ˘ ÏËı˘ÛÌÔ‡ ÛÙËÓ OÏÏ·Ó‰›· ‹Ù·ÓÊÔ‚ÈṲ̂ÓÔÈ fiÙ·Ó ÂÈÛΤÊıËÎ·Ó ÙÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ. E›-Û˘, ‚Ú¤ıËΠÛÙËÓ ›‰È· ÌÂϤÙË fiÙÈ ÔÛÔÛÙfi 15% ÙÔ˘ÏËı˘ÛÌÔ‡ ·ÔʇÁÂÈ ÙËÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ›Û΄ËÏfiÁˆ ÙÔ˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡ ¿Á¯Ô˘˜. AÓ¿ÏÔÁ· Ì ÙËÓ Ì¤-ıÔ‰Ô Î·Ù·ÁÚ·Ê‹˜ Ô˘ ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈ‹ıËÎÂ, Ô ÂÈÔÏ·-ÛÌfi˜ Ù˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÊÔ‚›·˜ ÛÙÔÓ ÂÓ‹ÏÈÎÔ ÏËı˘-ÛÌfi ÙˆÓ H.¶.A. ‚Ú¤ıËΠӷ ÔÈΛÏÏÂÈ ·Ó¿ÌÂÛ· ÛÙÔ11%22 Î·È ÙÔ 20%23. H ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈ΋ ÔÌ¿‰· ÙˆÓ Agras ηÈÛ˘Ó.24 ˙‹ÙËÛ ·fi ¤Ó· ‰Â›ÁÌ· ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ Ó· ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚ›-ÛÔ˘Ó ÎÔÈÓ¤˜ ηٷÛÙ¿ÛÂȘ Ô˘ ÚÔηÏÔ‡Ó Êfi‚Ô. O Ô-‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi˜ Êfi‚Ô˜ ηٷٿ¯ıËΠ¤ÌÙÔ˜ ·Ó¿ÌÂÛ·Û fiϘ ÙȘ ·˘Ù¤˜ ÙȘ ηٷÛÙ¿ÛÂȘ ÛÙË Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ÓËÌÂϤÙË. OÈ ¤Ú¢Ó˜ Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ¤ˆ˜ ÙÒÚ· Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÔ-

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£ÂÌ·ÙÈ΋ EÓfiÙËÙ·

ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 11-20, 2013

ÔÈËı› ‰Â›¯ÓÔ˘Ó fiÙÈ Ô Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi˜Êfi‚Ô˜ Û˘Ó·ÓÙ¿Ù·È Î·È ÛÙËÓ EÏÏ¿‰· ÌÂÛ˘¯ÓfiÙËÙ· Î·È ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚÈÛÙÈο ·Ó¿ÏÔÁ·Ì ·˘Ù¿ Ô˘ ·Ú·ÙËÚÔ‡ÓÙ·È ‰ÈÂıÓÒ˜.MÂϤÙ˜ ‰Â›¯ÓÔ˘Ó fiÙÈ ‰ÂÓ ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙ÂÙ·È Ô ›-‰ÈÔ˜ ‚·ıÌfi˜ Oº Û fiϘ ÙȘ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈΤ˜ÔÌ¿‰Â˜. H ËÏÈΛ·, ÙÔ Ê‡ÏÔ, Ë ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋ٿÍË Î·È Ë ÂıÓÈ΋ ηٷÁˆÁ‹ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó·ÂËÚ¿ÛÔ˘Ó ÙÔ Â›Â‰Ô ÙÔ˘ Oº. NÂÒÙÂ-ÚÔÈ ¿ÓıÚˆÔÈ ÊÔ‚Ô‡ÓÙ·È ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚÔÙËÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ıÂڷ›· ·fi fi,ÙÈ ÔÈ ÌÂ-Á·Ï‡ÙÂÚÔÈ Û ËÏÈΛ·25-27. OÈ Á˘Ó·›Î˜ ÂÌ-Ê·Ó›˙Ô˘Ó ̆ „ËÏfiÙÂÚ· ›‰· Oº Û ۯ¤-ÛË Ì ÙÔ˘˜ ¿Ó‰Ú˜15, 23, 27, 28. Œ¯ÂÈ ‚ÚÂıÂ›Û˘Û¯¤ÙÈÛË ·Ó¿ÌÂÛ· ÛÙÔ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎfi ÂÚÈ-‚¿ÏÏÔÓ Î·È ÙÔ Â›Â‰Ô ÙÔ˘ Oº. ™˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ-̤ӷ, Ô Oº Û˘Ó·ÓÙ¿Ù·È Û˘¯ÓfiÙÂÚ·: ·) Û·ÁÚÔÙÈΤ˜ (Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ·ÛÙÈΤ˜) ÂÚÈÔ-¯¤˜29 Î·È ‚) Û ·ÓıÚÒÔ˘˜ Ì ̄ ·ÌËÏfi ›-Â‰Ô Âη›‰Â˘Û˘ Î·È Ì ¯·ÌËÏÔ‡˜ ‰Â›-ÎÙ˜ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ ˘Á›·˜30. E›Û˘, ¤¯ÂÈ‚ÚÂı› Û˘Û¯¤ÙÈÛË ÙÔ˘ Oº Ì ÙËÓ ÂıÓÈ΋ηٷÁˆÁ‹. A˘Ùfi ·ÔÙÂÏ› ‡ÚËÌ· ·ÚÎÂ-ÙÒÓ ÂÚ¢ÓÒÓ Î·È Ê·›ÓÂÙ·È Ì¿ÏÏÔÓ ˆ˜ ·-ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈÎÒÓ ‰È·ÊÔÚÒÓ Î·È‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈÎÒÓ Û˘ÌÂÚÈÊÔÚÒÓ ÙˆÓ ·ÛıÂ-ÓÒÓ ·Ú¿ ˆ˜ ·fiÚÚÔÈ· ÙˆÓ ÎÏËÚÔÓÔÌÈ-ÎÒÓ ÙÔ˘˜ ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚÈÛÙÈÎÒÓ. H ÂıÓÈ΋ η-Ù·ÁˆÁ‹ ÂËÚ¿˙ÂÈ ÙÔ Â›Â‰Ô ÙÔ˘ Oº ÁÈ·Ù· ·ÁfiÚÈ· ÌfiÓÔ, Û‡Ìʈӷ Ì ÌÂϤÙË Ô˘¤ÁÈÓ ÛÙÔ IÛÚ·‹Ï31. O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ› ·ÛıÂ-Ó›˜ οı ËÏÈΛ·˜ Ô˘ Â›Ó·È ÌÂÙ·Ó¿ÛÙ˜ÛÙË ºÈÓÏ·Ó‰›·32 Î·È ·È‰È¿ ÌÂÙ·Ó·ÛÙÒÓÛÙË ¢·Ó›·33 ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙Ô˘Ó ÌÂÁ·Ï‡ÙÂÚË È-ı·ÓfiÙËÙ· Ó· ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆÈÛıÔ‡Ó Ì ÁÂÓÈ΋·Ó·ÈÛıËÛ›· ÏfiÁˆ ˘„ËÏÔ‡ Oº, Û ۯ¤ÛËÌ ÙÔÓ ÁËÁÂÓ‹ ÏËı˘ÛÌfi. O ÂÈÔÏ·ÛÌfi˜ ÙÔ˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡ Êfi-‚Ô˘, fiˆ˜ ÂÎÙÈÌ¿Ù·È ·fi ÙÔ˘˜ ›‰ÈÔ˘˜ÙÔ˘˜ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜, ‰ÂÓ ¤¯ÂÈ ·ÏÏ¿ÍÂÈ ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈ-ο ÛÙÔÓ ÁÂÓÈÎfi ÏËı˘ÛÌfi ÙˆÓ ÂÓËϛΈӷӿÌÂÛ· ÛÙË ‰ÂηÂÙ›· ÙÔ˘ 1950 Î·È Ù·ÚÒÙ· ¯ÚfiÓÈ· Ù˘ ÙÚ›Ù˘ ¯ÈÏÈÂÙ›·˜34. ø-ÛÙfiÛÔ, ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈο ‹Ù·Ó Ù· Â˘Ú‹Ì·Ù·ÛÙË M. BÚÂÙ·Ó›·. EΛ ·Ú·ÙËÚ‹ıËΠfi-ÙÈ, Û˘ÁÎÚ›ÓÔÓÙ·˜ Ù· ·ÔÙÂϤÛÌ·Ù· ÌÂÏÂÙÒÓ ÙÔ˘ 1968Î·È ÙÔ˘ 2009, Ô ÂÈÔÏ·ÛÌfi˜ ÙÔ˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡ ¿Á-¯Ô˘˜ ›¯Â ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈο ÌÂȈı› ÙÔ 2009 (Èı·ÓÒ˜ ÏfiÁˆÙ˘ ‚ÂÏÙ›ˆÛ˘ ÛÙÔÓ ÙÔ̤· ÂϤÁ¯Ô˘ ÙÔ˘ fiÓÔ˘). AÓÙÈ-ı¤Ùˆ˜, Ô ÂÈÔÏ·ÛÌfi˜ Ù˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÊÔ‚›·˜ ›¯Â·Ú·Ì›ÓÂÈ ÛÙ·ıÂÚfi˜, ÁÂÁÔÓfi˜ Ô˘ ÂÚÌËÓ‡ıËΠÌÂÙËÓ ˘fiıÂÛË fiÙÈ ÁÈ· ÙÔ˘˜ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ Ô˘ ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚ›˙Ô-ÓÙ·È «Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈο ÊÔ‚ÈÎÔ›» ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó ÈÔ Û‡ÓıÂÙ˜˘ÔΛÌÂÓ˜ ·Èٛ˜ Ù˘ ÊÔ‚›·˜ ÙÔ˘˜12.OÈ ‰È¿ÊÔÚ˜ ¤Ú¢Ó˜ ‰Â›¯ÓÔ˘Ó ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈ΋ ÙÈÌ‹ ÂÈ-ÔÏ·ÛÌÔ‡ ÙÔ˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡ Êfi‚Ô˘, fiˆ˜ Ê·›ÓÂÙ·ÈÎ·È ·fi ÙËÓ ÚÔ·Ó·ÊÂÚı›۷ ‚È‚ÏÈÔÁÚ·Ê›·. A˘ÙfiÛ˘Ì‚·›ÓÂÈ ÁÈ· ÙÔ˘˜ ·Ú·Î¿Ùˆ ÏfiÁÔ˘˜: ·) AӷʤÚÔ-ÓÙ·È Û ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈΤ˜ ¯ÒÚ˜, ËÏÈ˘ ·ÙfiÌˆÓ ‰Â›ÁÌ·-

ÙÔ˜, ÏËı˘ÛÌȷΤ˜ ÔÌ¿‰Â˜ Î·È ¯ÚÔÓÈΤ˜ ÛÙÈÁ̤˜. ‚)TÔ ‰Â›ÁÌ· Ù˘ ¤Ú¢ӷ˜ Ï·Ì‚¿ÓÂÙ·È ·fi ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈ΋ÔÌ¿‰· ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ Î¿ı ÊÔÚ¿: ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ Ô˘ ÂÚÈ̤-ÓÔ˘Ó ÛÙÔ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÂ›Ô ÁÈ· Ô‰ÔÓÙÔıÂڷ›· - ÚÔÏË-ÙÈ΋ ÂͤٷÛË ‹ ÁÂÓÈÎfi˜ ÏËı˘ÛÌfi˜ Ô˘ ÂÚˆÙ¿Ù·È ÙË-ÏÂʈÓÈο ‹ Û˘Ó·ÓÙ¿Ù·È Û ¯ÒÚÔ˘˜ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜, Û¯Ô-Ï›· ‹ ÁÂÓÈο Û ¯ÒÚÔ˘˜ ÂÎÙfi˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚ›Ԣ. A˘ÙfiÂËÚ¿˙ÂÈ Ù· ·ÔÙÂϤÛÌ·Ù· Ù˘ ¤Ú¢ӷ˜. Á) XÚËÛÈ-ÌÔÔÈÔ‡ÓÙ·È ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈο Û˘ÛÙ‹Ì·Ù· ηٷÁÚ·Ê‹˜(FS, DAS, MDAS ‹ ¿ÏÏ·). ‰) K¿ÔȘ ¤Ú¢Ó˜ ηٷ-ÁÚ¿ÊÔ˘Ó ÙÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi Êfi‚Ô, ¿ÏϘ ÙÔ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚÈÎfi ¿Á¯Ô˜, ¿ÏϘ ÙËÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÔ‚›·, Î·È ¿Ï-Ϙ ÙÔÓ «Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi Êfi‚Ô Î·È ¿Á¯Ô˜». øÛÙfiÛÔ,Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ·Ó·ÊÂÚı› fiÙÈ ÔÈ ·ÔÎÏ›ÛÂȘ ÛÙ· ·ÔÙÂϤ-

13

£ÂÌ·ÙÈ΋ EÓfiÙËÙ·

ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 11-20, 2013

¶›Ó·Î·˜ 1

EPøTHMATO§O°IO DAS (DENTAL ANXIETY SCALE)35

1) ¶ˆ˜ ı· ÓÔÈÒı·Ù ·Ó ¤Ú ӷ ÂÈÛÎÂÊı›Ù ·‡ÚÈÔ ÙÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔÁÈ· ¤Ó· ÚÔÏËÙÈÎfi ¤ÏÂÁ¯Ô;

I. £· ÙÔ ÂÚ›ÌÂÓ· Û·Ó ÌÈ· ¢¯¿ÚÈÛÙË ÂÌÂÈÚ›·.II. ¢Â ı· Ì ÂÓÔ¯ÏÔ‡Û ηıfiÏÔ˘.III. £· ‹ÌÔ˘Ó Ï›ÁÔ ·Ó‹Û˘¯Ô˜.IV. £· ÊÔ‚fiÌÔ˘Ó fiÙÈ ı· ‹Ù·Ó ‰˘Û¿ÚÂÛÙÔ Î·È ÂÒ‰˘ÓÔ.V. £· ‹ÌÔ˘Ó Ôχ ÊÔ‚ÈṲ̂ÓÔ˜ ÁÈ· fi,ÙÈ ı· ÌÔ˘ ¤Î·ÓÂ Ô Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·-

ÙÚÔ˜.

2) ¶ˆ˜ ÓÔÈÒıÂÙ fiÙ·Ó ÂÚÈ̤ÓÂÙ ÙË ÛÂÈÚ¿ Û·˜ ÛÙÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ;I. X·Ï·Úfi˜.II. §›ÁÔ ·Ó‹Û˘¯Ô˜.III. ™Â ¤ÓÙ·ÛË.IV. AÁ¯ˆÌ¤ÓÔ˜.V. TfiÛÔ ·Á¯ˆÌ¤ÓÔ˜, ÒÛÙ ÌÂÚÈΤ˜ ÊÔÚ¤˜ Ó· ȉÚÒÓˆ Í·ÊÓÈο ‹ Ó·

·ÈÛı¿ÓÔÌ·È ·‰È¿ıÂÙÔ˜.

3) ¶ˆ˜ ÓÔÈÒıÂÙ fiÙ·Ó Î¿ıÂÛÙ ÛÙËÓ Î·Ú¤ÎÏ· ÙÔ˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ¿ÙÚÔ˘ ÂÚÈ-̤ÓÔÓÙ·˜ Ó· ÂÙÔÈÌ¿ÛÂÈ ÙÔÓ ÙÚÔ¯fi ÁÈ· Ó· ‰Ô˘Ï¤„ÂÈ ÛÙ· ‰fiÓÙÈ· Û·˜;

I. X·Ï·Úfi˜.II. §›ÁÔ ·Ó‹Û˘¯Ô˜.III. ™Â ¤ÓÙ·ÛË.IV. AÁ¯ˆÌ¤ÓÔ˜.V. TfiÛÔ ·Á¯ˆÌ¤ÓÔ˜, ÒÛÙ ÌÂÚÈΤ˜ ÊÔÚ¤˜ Ó· ȉÚÒÓˆ Í·ÊÓÈο ‹ Ó·

·ÈÛı¿ÓÔÌ·È ·‰È¿ıÂÙÔ˜.

4) º·ÓÙ·ÛÙ›Ù fiÙÈ ‚Ú›ÛÎÂÛÙ ÛÙËÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ηڤÎÏ· ÁÈ· Ó· η-ı·Ú›ÛÂÙ ٷ ‰fiÓÙÈ· Û·˜. ¶ˆ˜ ÓÔÈÒıÂÙ ÂÓÒ ÂÚÈ̤ÓÂÙ ÙÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·-ÙÚÔ Ó· ÂÙÔÈÌ¿ÛÂÈ Ù· ÂÚÁ·Ï›· Ô˘ ı· ¯ÚÂÈ·ÛÙÔ‡Ó ÁÈ· Ó· ηı·Ú›ÛÂÈÙȘ ÂÈÊ¿ÓÂȘ ÙˆÓ ‰ÔÓÙÈÒÓ Û·˜ Á‡Úˆ ·fi Ù· ԇϷ;

I. X·Ï·Úfi˜.II. §›ÁÔ ·Ó‹Û˘¯Ô˜.III. ™Â ¤ÓÙ·ÛË.IV. AÁ¯ˆÌ¤ÓÔ˜.V. TfiÛÔ ·Á¯ˆÌ¤ÓÔ˜, ÒÛÙ ÌÂÚÈΤ˜ ÊÔÚ¤˜ Ó· ȉÚÒÓˆ Í·ÊÓÈο ‹ Ó·

·ÈÛı¿ÓÔÌ·È ·‰È¿ıÂÙÔ˜.

B·ıÌÔÏfiÁËÛË: I: 1 ‚·ıÌfi˜, II: 2 ‚·ıÌÔ›, III: 3 ‚·ıÌÔ›, IV: 4 ‚·ıÌÔ›, V: 5 ‚·ıÌÔ›.

AÍÈÔÏfiÁËÛË: 9-12 ‚·ıÌÔ›: M¤ÙÚÈÔ ¿Á¯Ô˜, 13-14 ‚·ıÌÔ›: Y„ËÏfi ¿Á¯Ô˜,15-20 ‚·ıÌÔ›: ŒÓÙÔÓÔ ¿Á¯Ô˜ (‹ ÊÔ‚›·).

ÛÌ·Ù· ÙˆÓ ‰È·ÊfiÚˆÓ ÂÚ¢ÓÒÓ ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È Â-Í·ÈÚÂÙÈο ÌÂÁ¿Ï˜.

KATA°PAºH TOY Oº

H AÁÁÏÈ΋ ̤ıÔ‰Ô˜ ηٷÁÚ·Ê‹˜ ÙÔ˘ OºDAS (Dental Anxiety Scale) ‹ CDAS (Corah’sDental Anxiety Scale) (¶›Ó. 1), fiˆ˜ ÂÚÈ-ÁÚ¿ÊËΠ·fi ÙÔÓ Corah35, 36, ‹Ù·Ó ·ÛÊ·ÏÒ˜ÚˆÙÔÔÚȷ΋ ÛÙËÓ ÂÔ¯‹ Ù˘ Î·È ˘ÈÔıÂÙ‹-ıËΠ¢ڤˆ˜ ÛÙËÓ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋37. ™ÙËÚ›˙Â-Ù·È ÛÙËÓ ·˘ÙÔ-·Ó·ÊÔÚ¿ ÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂÓÔ‡˜ Î·È Â-ÈÙ˘Á¯¿ÓÂÈ Û˘ÏÏÔÁ‹ ÏËÚÔÊÔÚÈÒÓ ·ÚÎÂٿ‡ÎÔÏ· Î·È ÁÚ‹ÁÔÚ·. T· ÌÂÈÔÓÂÎÙ‹Ì·Ù¿ Ù˘,ˆÛÙfiÛÔ, ›ӷÈ: ·) fiÙÈ ‰ÂÓ ·Ú¤¯ÂÈ ÏËÚÔÊÔ-ڛ˜ Û¯ÂÙÈο Ì ÙÔ ÙÈ Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ӷ ÊÔ‚¿Ù·ÈÔ ·ÛıÂÓ‹˜ Î·È ‚) ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙ÂÈ ÌÈ· ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ ÙÂÏÈ-΋˜ ‚·ıÌÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ·ÚÎÂÙ¿ ÛÙÂÓ‹, ÁÂÁÔÓfi˜Ô˘ ‰˘ÛÎÔχÂÈ ÙËÓ ÂÍ·ÁˆÁ‹ ·ÛÊ·ÏÒÓ Û˘-ÌÂÚ·ÛÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÛÙȘ ÌÂϤÙ˜, fiÔ˘ ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔ-ÔÈ›ٷÈ. A˘Ùfi Ô‰‹ÁËÛ ÛÙËÓ ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË ÌÈ·˜ÛÂÈÚ¿˜ ·fi ÚfiÛıÂÙ· ÂÚˆÙËÌ·ÙÔÏfiÁÈ· ÁÈ·ÏÂÙÔÌÂÚ¤ÛÙÂÚË ‰È¿ÁÓˆÛË ÙÔ˘ Oº. TÔMDAS (Modified Dental Anxiety Scale) ÂÚˆ-ÙËÌ·ÙÔÏfiÁÈÔ (¶›Ó. 2) ÚԤ΢„ ·fi ÙÔ DAS·ÊÔ‡ ÚÔÛÙ¤ıËΠÌÈ· ·ÎfiÌ· (¤ÌÙË) ÂÚÒ-ÙËÛË Û¯ÂÙÈ΋ Ì ÙËÓ ÙÔÈ΋ ·Ó·ÈÛıËÛ›· (Ô˘·ÔÙÂÏ› Ì›˙ÔÓ ı¤Ì· ÁÈ· ÔÏÏÔ‡˜ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜Ì Oº) Î·È ·Ó·ÌÔÚÊÒıËÎ·Ó ÔÈ ··ÓÙ‹ÛÂȘÒÛÙ ӷ Â›Ó·È ·ÏÔ‡ÛÙÂÚ˜ Î·È ÈÔ ÔÌÔÈfi-ÌÔÚʘ. TÔ MDAS ÂÚˆÙËÌ·ÙÔÏfiÁÈÔ ¯ÚËÛÈ-ÌÔÔÈÂ›Ù·È fiÏÔ Î·È ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚÔ Î·È ·ÔÙÂ-Ï› ÙÒÚ· È· ÙÔ ÈÔ Û˘¯Ó¿ ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÔ‡ÌÂ-ÓÔ ÂÚˆÙËÌ·ÙÔÏfiÁÈÔ ÛÙÔ Hӈ̤ÓÔ B·Û›ÏÂÈÔ.ŒÓ· ¿ÏÏÔ ÂÚˆÙËÌ·ÙÔÏfiÁÈÔ, Ô˘ ·Ó·Ù‡-¯ıËΠ·fi ÙÔÓ Jöhren38 ÁÈ· ÙÔÓ ›‰ÈÔ ÛÎÔfi, ·-ÔÙÂÏ› ÙÔ HAQ (Hierarchical AnxietyQuestionnaire) (¶›Ó. 3) Ô˘ Â›Ó·È ·ÚÎÂÙ¿ ‰È·-‰Â‰Ô̤ÓÔ Û ÁÂÚÌ·ÓfiʈÓ˜ ΢ڛˆ˜ ̄ ÒÚ˜.O ÈÛ¯˘ÚÈÛÌfi˜ Ù˘ Û¯¤Û˘ Û˘Ó¤¯ÂÈ·˜ ·Ó¿ÌÂ-Û· ÛÙËÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÔ‚›· Î·È ÙÔ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚÈÎfi ¿Á¯Ô˜ ˘ÔÛÙËÚ›˙ÂÙ·È Î·È ·fi Ù· ‰‡Ô΢ڛ·Ú¯· Û˘ÛÙ‹Ì·Ù· ̤ÙÚËÛ˘ ÙÔ˘ Ô‰Ô-ÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡ ¿Á¯Ô˘˜: ÙÔ DAS1 Î·È ÙÔ MDAS39,

40. TfiÛÔ ÙÔ DAS fiÛÔ Î·È ÙÔ MDAS ‰È·ı¤ÙÔ˘Ó¤Ó· ÂÌÂÈÚÈÎfi ÛËÌÂ›Ô - fiÚÈÔ, fiÔ˘ ‚·ıÌÔÏÔ-Á‹ÛÂȘ ¿Óˆ ·fi ·˘Ùfi ÙÔ fiÚÈÔ ˘Ô‰ÂÈÎÓ‡-Ô˘Ó ÙËÓ Èı·ÓfiÙËÙ· ‡·Ú͢ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ÊÔ‚›·˜37, 41. OÈ ÂÏÏËÓÈΤ˜ ·Ô‰fiÛÂȘ ÙˆÓ Â-ÚˆÙËÌ·ÙÔÏÔÁ›ˆÓ: MDAS, DFS (Dental FearSurvey) Î·È CFSS-DS (Children`s FearSurvey Schedule-Dental Subscale) Ô˘¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÔ‡ÓÙ·È Û ÂÏÏËÓÈΤ˜ ÌÂϤÙ˜ ıÂ-ˆÚÔ‡ÓÙ·È ¤Á΢Ú˜ Î·È ·ÍÈfiÈÛÙ˜42, 43.

EPE£I™MATA ¶OY M¶OPOYN NA ¶POKA§E™OYN Oº

O Oº ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙ÂÙ·È Ó· ÔÈΛÏÏÂÈ ·Ó¿ÏÔÁ·

£ÂÌ·ÙÈ΋ EÓfiÙËÙ·

¶›Ó·Î·˜ 2

EPøTHMATO§O°IO MDAS (MODIFIED DENTAL ANXIETY SCALE)39

1) E¿Ó ÂÈÛÎÂÙfiÛ·ÛÙ·Ó ÙÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ ·‡ÚÈÔ ÁÈ· ıÂڷ›·, ˆ˜ ı·ÓÔÈÒı·ÙÂ;

2) E¿Ó ηıfiÛ·ÛÙ·Ó ÛÙËÓ ·›ıÔ˘Û· ·Ó·ÌÔÓ‹˜ (ÂÚÈ̤ÓÔÓÙ·˜ ÁÈ· ıÂÚ·-›·), ˆ˜ ı· ÓÔÈÒı·ÙÂ;

3) E¿Ó ÂÚfiÎÂÈÙÔ Ó· ÙÚÔ¯ÈÛÙ› ÙÔ ‰fiÓÙÈ Û·˜, ˆ˜ ı· ÓÔÈÒı·ÙÂ;4) E¿Ó ÂÚfiÎÂÈÙÔ Ó· ηı·ÚÈÛÙÔ‡Ó Î·È Ó· Á˘·ÏÈÛÙÔ‡Ó Ù· ‰fiÓÙÈ· Û·˜,

ˆ˜ ı· ÓÔÈÒı·ÙÂ;5) E¿Ó ÂÚfiÎÂÈÙÔ Ó· ‰Â¯ı›Ù ¤ÓÂÛË Ì ÙÔÈÎfi ·Ó·ÈÛıËÙÈÎfi ÛÙ· ԇϷ

Û·˜ ¿Óˆ ·fi Ù· ¿Óˆ Ô›ÛıÈ· ‰fiÓÙÈ· Û·˜, ˆ˜ ı· ÓÔÈÒı·ÙÂ;™Â οı ÂÚÒÙËÛË, ÔÈ Èı·Ó¤˜ ··ÓÙ‹ÛÂȘ Â›Ó·È ÔÈ ÂÍ‹˜;I. Ÿ¯È ·Ó‹Û˘¯Ô˜ (B·ıÌfi˜ 1)II. §›ÁÔ ·Ó‹Û˘¯Ô˜ (B·ıÌfi˜ 2)III. AÚÎÂÙ¿ ·Ó‹Û˘¯Ô˜ (B·ıÌfi˜ 3)IV. ¶Ôχ ·Ó‹Û˘¯Ô˜ (B·ıÌfi˜ 4)V. EÍ·ÈÚÂÙÈο ·Ó‹Û˘¯Ô˜ (B·ıÌfi˜ 5)™˘ÓÔÏÈ΋ ‚·ıÌÔÏÔÁ›· 19 Î·È ¿Óˆ ·ÔÙÂÏ› ¤Ó‰ÂÈÍË ÁÈ· ·ÛıÂÓ‹ Ì ̆ -„ËÏfi Oº ‹ Èı·ÓÒ˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÔ‚›·.

¶›Ó·Î·˜ 3

EPøTHMATO§O°IO HAQ (HIERARCHICAL ANXIETY QUESTIONNAIRE)38

1) ¶Ò˜ ÓÔÈÒıÂÙ fiÙ·Ó ÛΤÙÂÛÙ fiÙÈ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÂÈÛÎÂÊı›Ù ÙÔÓ Ô‰Ô-ÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ ·‡ÚÈÔ;

2) K¿ıÂÛÙ ÛÙËÓ ·›ıÔ˘Û· ·Ó·ÌÔÓ‹˜ ÙÔ˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚ›Ԣ Î·È ÂÚÈ̤ÓÂ-Ù ӷ Û·˜ ηϤÛÔ˘Ó. ¶Ò˜ ÓÔÈÒıÂÙÂ;

3) º·ÓÙ·ÛÙ›Ù fiÙÈ ÂÈÛ¤Ú¯ÂÛÙ ÛÙËÓ ·›ıÔ˘Û·, fiÔ˘ ·Ú¤¯ÂÙ·È Ë Ô‰ÔÓÙÔ-ıÂڷ›· Î·È ÔÛÌ›˙ÂÛı ÙȘ Û˘ÓËıÈṲ̂Ó˜ Ì˘Úˆ‰È¤˜. ¶Ò˜ ÓÔÈÒıÂÙÂ;

4) K¿ıÂÛÙ ÛÙËÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ηڤÎÏ· Î·È Ô Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ˜ ÂÈÛ¤Ú¯ÂÙ·ÈÛÙËÓ ·›ıÔ˘Û·. ¶Ò˜ ÓÔÈÒıÂÙÂ;

5) EÛ›˜ Î·È Ô Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ˜ ÎÔÈÙ¿˙ÂÙ ÌÈ· ·ÎÙÈÓÔÁÚ·Ê›· Î·È Û˘˙ËÙ¿ÙÂÙȘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈΤ˜ ÂÚÁ·Û›Â˜ Ô˘ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÔÔÈËıÔ‡Ó.¶Ò˜ ÓÔÈÒıÂÙÂ;

6) ¶Ò˜ ÓÔÈÒıÂÙ fiÙ·Ó Ô Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ˜ Û·˜ ϤÂÈ fiÙÈ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ηı·Ú›ÛÂÈÙËÓ ¤ÙÚ· ·fi Ù· ‰fiÓÙÈ· Û·˜;

7) ¶Ò˜ ÓÔÈÒıÂÙ fiÙ·Ó Ô Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ˜ Û·˜ ϤÂÈ fiÙÈ ¤¯ÂÙ ÌÈ· ÙÂÚˉfiÓ·Ô˘ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ›ÛÂÈ;

8) ¶Ò˜ ÓÔÈÒıÂÙ fiÙ·Ó Ô Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ˜ ·ÏÏ¿˙ÂÈ ı¤ÛË Î·È ÂÙÔÈÌ¿˙ÂÈ ÌÈ· ¤-ÓÂÛË ÁÈ· Ó· Û·˜ οÓÂÈ;

9) º·ÓÙ·Ûı›Ù fiÙÈ ·ÎÔ‡Ù ÙÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi ÙÚÔ¯fi. ¶Ò˜ ÓÔÈÒıÂÙÂ;10) O Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ˜ Û·˜ ϤÂÈ fiÙÈ Ë ÙÂÚˉfiÓ· Â›Ó·È Ôχ ‚·ıÈ¿ Î·È ÙÔ ‰fi-

ÓÙÈ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÂÍ·¯ı›. ¶Ò˜ ÓÔÈÒıÂÙÂ;11) ŒÓ·˜ ÊÚÔÓÈÌ›Ù˘ Û·˜ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÂÍ·¯ı›. H ÙÔÈ΋ ·Ó·ÈÛıËÛ›· ¤¯ÂÈ

‹‰Ë ÔÏÔÎÏËÚˆı›. O Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ˜ È¿ÓÂÈ ÙÔ Ó˘ÛÙ¤ÚÈ. ¶Ò˜ ÓÔÈÒıÂÙÂ;™Â οı ÂÚÒÙËÛË, ÔÈ Èı·Ó¤˜ ··ÓÙ‹ÛÂȘ Â›Ó·È ÔÈ ÂÍ‹˜;

I. X·Ï·Úfi˜.II. N¢ÚÈÎfi˜.III. ™Â ¤ÓÙ·ÛË.IV. AÓ‹Û˘¯Ô˜.V. M ٿÛË ÚÔ˜ ¤ÌÂÙÔ ·fi ÙËÓ ·ÓËÛ˘¯›·.

14 ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 11-20, 2013

Ì ÙÔ Â›‰Ô˜ Ù˘ ıÂڷ›·˜. OÈ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ Ô˘ ˘Ô‚¿Ï-ÏÔÓÙ·È Û ÂÚÈÔ‰ÔÓÙÈ΋ Î·È ÂÓ‰Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ΋ ıÂڷ›· ·-ӷʤÚÔ˘Ó ̆ „ËÏfiÙÂÚ· ›‰· Oº Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ·ÛıÂ-Ó›˜ Ô˘ ‰¤¯ÔÓÙ·È ·ÔηٷÛÙ·ÙÈ΋ ıÂڷ›· ‹ ÚÔ-ÏËÙÈ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ·ÁˆÁ‹44, 45. T· ÂÚÂı›ÛÌ·Ù· Ô˘ÚÔηÏÔ‡Ó ÙÔÓ Oº Û ¤Ó·Ó ·ÛıÂÓ‹ ›ӷÈ: Ë ‚ÂÏfiÓ·, ÔÊfi‚Ô˜ ÂӉ¯fiÌÂÓ˘ ·ÛÊ˘Í›·˜, Ë ı¤· Î·È Ô ‹¯Ô˜ ÙÔ˘Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡ ÙÚÔ¯Ô‡. ™Â ÌÈÎÚfiÙÂÚÔ ‚·ıÌfi ÚÔη-ÏÔ‡Ó Oº Ë ÛˆÌ·ÙÈ΋ ·ʋ ·fi ÙÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ, Ôηı·ÚÈÛÌfi˜ ÙˆÓ ‰ÔÓÙÈÒÓ, ÙÔ ¿ÓÔÈÁÌ· ÙÔ˘ ÛÙfiÌ·ÙÔ˜Î·È Ë ·›ÛıËÛË fiÙÈ Î¿ÔÈÔ˜ ÂÍÂÙ¿˙ÂÈ ÙÔÓ ·ÛıÂÓ‹. O Êfi-‚Ô˜ Ù˘ ‚ÂÏfiÓ·˜ Â›Ó·È ÙÔ ÌÂÁ·Ï‡ÙÂÚÔ ˙‹ÙËÌ·46, 47. A˘-Ùfi, fi¯È Û¿ÓÈ·, ̂ ı› ÙÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ Ó· ·ÔʇÁÂÈ ‰‡-ÛÎÔϘ ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ ÙÔÈ΋˜ ·Ó·ÈÛıËÛ›·˜, ÁÂÁÔÓfi˜Ô˘ Ô‰ËÁ› Û ·Ó·ÔÙÂÏÂÛÌ·ÙÈÎfi ¤ÏÂÁ¯Ô ÙÔ˘ fiÓÔ˘ ÔÔÔ›Ô˜ Ì ÙË ÛÂÈÚ¿ ÙÔ˘ ·Ó·ÙÚÔÊÔ‰ÔÙ› ÙÔÓ Oº ηÈÙËÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ·ÔÊ˘Á‹. O Êfi‚Ô˜ Ù˘ ‚ÂÏfiÓ·˜ Û˘-Ó›ÛÙ·Ù·È ÛÙÔ Êfi‚Ô ÁÈ·: ·) ÙÔÓ fiÓÔ Ù˘ ¤Ì·ÚÛ˘ Ù˘‚ÂÏfiÓ·˜ ÛÙÔ˘˜ ÈÛÙÔ‡˜, ‚) ÙÔÓ fiÓÔ Ù˘ ¤Á¯˘Û˘ ÙÔ˘·Ó·ÈÛıËÙÈÎÔ‡ ‰È·Ï‡Ì·ÙÔ˜, Á) ÂӉ¯fiÌÂÓ˜ ·ÚÂÓ¤Ú-ÁÂȘ Ù˘ ÙÔÈ΋˜ ·Ó·ÈÛıËÛ›·˜, ‰) ÙÔ ‚¿ıÔ˜ Î·È ÙˉȿÚÎÂÈ· Ù˘ ·Ó·ÈÛıËÛ›·˜ ‹ ÙËÓ ·›ÛıËÛË ÙÔ˘ ÌÔ˘‰È¿-ÛÌ·ÙÔ˜48, 49.

AITIO§O°IA

O Oº ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÔÊ›ÏÂÙ·È Û ÔÏϤ˜ ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈΤ˜·Èٛ˜: MÈ· ÙÚ·˘Ì·ÙÈ΋ ÂÌÂÈÚ›· Û¯ÂÙÈ΋ Ì ԉÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚÈ΋ ıÂڷ›· ·ÔÙÂÏ› ÙÔÓ Î‡ÚÈÔ ÏfiÁÔ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÂÌ-Ê¿ÓÈÛË ÙÔ˘ Oº Î·È ÙËÓ ÂӉ¯fiÌÂÓË ÂͤÏÈÍ‹ ÙÔ˘ Û ¤-Ó·Ó ·ıÔÏÔÁÈÎfi Ù‡Ô Êfi‚Ô˘50. TÔ ÔÈÎÔÁÂÓÂÈ·Îfi ÂÚÈ-‚¿ÏÏÔÓ (Ì ÙË ÏÔÁÈ΋ Ù˘ ıˆڛ·˜ ÙÔ˘ «Ì·ıËÛÈ·ÎÔ‡ÌÔÓÙ¤ÏÔ˘») Î·È ÈÛÙÔڛ˜ ·ÊËÁË̤Ó˜ ·fi ·ÓıÚÒÔ˘˜ÙÔ˘ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎÔ‡ ÂÚÈ‚¿ÏÏÔÓÙÔ˜ ıˆÚÂ›Ù·È fiÙÈ ÂËÚ¿-˙Ô˘Ó ÙËÓ ÂÌÊ¿ÓÈÛË Ù˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ·ÓËÛ˘¯›·˜51.°È· Ù· ·È‰È¿ Î·È ÙÔ˘˜ ÂÊ‹‚Ô˘˜, ÔÈ ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈÎfiÙÂÚ˜ Â-ÈÚÚÔ¤˜ Ô˘ Ô‰ËÁÔ‡Ó Û ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË Oº ÚÔ¤Ú¯ÔÓÙ·È·fi Û˘˙ËÙ‹ÛÂȘ, ÂÈÚ¿ÁÌ·Ù· Î·È ·ÊËÁ‹ÛÂȘ ·ÚÓËÙÈ-ÎÒÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÒÓ ÂÌÂÈÚÈÒÓ ·fi ̤ÚÔ˘˜ ÙˆÓ ÁÔÓÈÒÓ‹ ¿ÏÏˆÓ ÌÂÏÒÓ Ù˘ ÔÈÎÔÁ¤ÓÂÈ·˜ ‹ Ê›ÏˆÓ Î·È Û˘ÌÌ·ıË-ÙÒÓ ÙÔ˘˜52, 53. O Oº ·È‰ÈÒÓ ËÏÈΛ·˜ 5, 8, 12 Î·È 15 Â-ÙÒÓ ‚Ú¤ıËΠӷ Û˘Ó‰¤ÂÙ·È Ì ÙÔÓ Oº ÙˆÓ ÁÔÓ¤ˆÓÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙË M. BÚÂÙ·Ó›·54 Î·È ÛÙË BÚ·˙ÈÏ›·55.O Kent56 ÂͤٷÛ ÙË ÌÓ‹ÌË fiÓÔ˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÒÓ ·-ÛıÂÓÒÓ Û˘ÁÎÚ›ÓÔÓÙ·˜ ÙÔÓ fiÓÔ Ô˘ ı˘ÌÔ‡ÓÙ·Ó 3 Ì‹-Ó˜ ÌÂÙ¿ ÙË ıÂڷ›· ÌÂ: ·) ÙÔÓ fiÓÔ Ô˘ ·Ó¤ÌÂÓ·Ó fi-ÙÈ ı· ¤¯Ô˘Ó Î·È ‚) ·˘ÙfiÓ Ô˘ Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÈο ‚›ˆÛ·Ó. T··ÔÙÂϤÛÌ·Ù· ¤‰ÂÈÍ·Ó fiÙÈ ˘‹Ú¯Â ÛÙÂÓfiÙÂÚË Û‡Ó‰Â-ÛË ·Ó¿ÌÂÛ· ÛÙÔÓ ÂÓı˘ÌÔ‡ÌÂÓÔ Î·È ÙÔÓ ·Ó·ÌÂÓfiÌÂÓÔfiÓÔ ·fi fi,ÙÈ ·Ó¿ÌÂÛ· ÛÙÔÓ ÂÓı˘ÌÔ‡ÌÂÓÔ Î·È ÙÔÓÚ·ÁÌ·ÙÈÎfi fiÓÔ Ô˘ ¤ÁÈÓ ·ÈÛıËÙfi˜. H Û‡Ó‰ÂÛË ·˘-Ù‹ ‚Ú¤ıËΠ·ÎfiÌ· ÈÛ¯˘ÚfiÙÂÚË Û ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ ·ÛıÂ-ÓÒÓ Ì ˘„ËÏfi ÛÎÔÚ ÛÙËÓ Îϛ̷η DAS. A˘Ùfi ÂÍËÁ‹-ıËΠ̠ÙËÓ ˘fiıÂÛË ÙˆÓ ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÒÓ ˆ˜ Ô Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚÈÎfi˜ Êfi‚Ô˜ ‰È·ÙËÚ›ٷÈ, ›Ûˆ˜ ÏfiÁˆ Ù˘ ·ÛıÂÓÔ‡˜ÌÓ‹Ì˘ ÙÔ˘ fiÓÔ˘ Ô˘ ¤ÁÈÓ ·ÈÛıËÙfi˜ ηٿ ÙË ‰È¿Ú-ÎÂÈ· Ù˘ ıÂڷ›·˜. H ˘fiıÂÛË ·˘Ù‹ ÂÓÈÛ¯‡ÂÙ·È Î·È·fi ÙÔÓ Freeman57 Ô˘ ‰È·Ù˘ÒÓÂÈ fiÙÈ Ë ÌÓ‹ÌË ‰˘Û¿-ÚÂÛÙˆÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÒÓ ÂÌÂÈÚÈÒÓ ‹Ù·Ó ÌÂÁ·Ï‡ÙÂÚË

Û ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ Ì Oº ·fi fi,ÙÈ Û ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ ¯ˆÚ›˜ Oº.AÛıÂÓ›˜ Ì Oº ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÔ˘Ó ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ˜ ÂÌÂÈڛ˜ÙÚ·˘Ì·ÙÈÎÒÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÒÓ ÁÂÁÔÓfiÙˆÓ Û ۇÁÎÚÈÛËÌ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ ̄ ˆÚ›˜ Oº. EÔ̤ӈ˜, Ë ·ÈÙ›· ÙÔ˘ Oº Ê·›-ÓÂÙ·È Ó· Â›Ó·È ÈÔ Û‡ÓıÂÙË ·fi ÙÔ ·ÚÓËÙÈÎfi ·ÏÒ˜ È-ÛÙÔÚÈÎfi Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÒÓ ÂÌÂÈÚÈÒÓ. OÈ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ› ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ Ì Oº ‰ÂÓ ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡Ó ÌÈ·ÔÌÔÈÔÁÂÓ‹ ÔÌ¿‰· ÏËı˘ÛÌÔ‡ ˆ˜ ÚÔ˜ ÙËÓ ·ÈÙ›· ηÈÙÔÓ ÙÚfiÔ ÂΉ‹ÏˆÛ˘ ÙÔ˘ Êfi‚Ô˘ ÙÔ˘˜. O Weiner ηÈÛ˘Ó.58 ÚÔÙ›ÓÔ˘Ó fiÙÈ ÔÈ ËÁ¤˜ ÙÔ˘ Oº ı· ÌÔÚÔ‡Û·ÓÓ· ‰È·ÎÚÈıÔ‡Ó Û ‰‡Ô ÔÌ¿‰Â˜, ÙËÓ ÂÓ‰ÔÁÂÓ‹ Î·È ÙËÓ Â-͈ÁÂÓ‹. ™ÙËÓ ÚÒÙË ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË, Ô Oº ÚÔ¤Ú¯ÂÙ·È ·-fi οÔÈ· ȉÈÔÛ˘ÁÎÚ·Ûȷ΋ ¢·ÈÛıËÛ›· Û ÊÔ‚ÈΤ˜‰˘ÛÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›Â˜, ÔÏϷϤ˜ ÛÔ‚·Ú¤˜ ÊÔ‚›Â˜ Î·È ‰È·-Ù·Ú·¯¤˜ Ù˘ „˘¯È΋˜ ‰È¿ıÂÛ˘. ™ÙË ‰Â‡ÙÂÚË ÂÚ›-ÙˆÛË, Ô Oº ÚÔ·ÙÂÈ Û·Ó ÂÍ·ÚÙË̤ÓË ·ÓÙ›‰Ú·ÛË·¤Ó·ÓÙÈ Û ÙÚ·˘Ì·ÙÈ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÂÌÂÈÚ›· ‹ ¤Ì-ÌÂÛË ÁÓÒÛË. EÔ̤ӈ˜, ·˘Ù‹ Ë Ù·ÍÈÓfiÌËÛË ‰¤¯ÂÙ·ÈfiÙÈ ‰ÂÓ ·¤ÎÙËÛ·Ó fiÏÔÈ ÔÈ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ Ì Oº ÙÔ Êfi‚Ô·˘Ùfi Û·Ó ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· ÂÍ·ÚÙË̤Ó˘ ·ÓÙ›‰Ú·Û˘. TÂÎ-Ì‹ÚÈ· ÁÈ· ÙÔ ÚfiÏÔ Ù˘ ÂÍ·ÚÙË̤Ó˘ ·ÓÙ›‰Ú·Û˘ ÛÙÔÓOº ̤ۈ ·ÚÓËÙÈÎÒÓ ÂÌÂÈÚÈÒÓ ‹ ÔÈÎÔÁÂÓÂÈ·ÎÒÓ ÂÈ-‰Ú¿ÛˆÓ59, 60 ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ÁÈ· ÙÔ ÚfiÏÔ ÙˆÓ ÚfiÛıÂÙˆÓ ÛÔ-‚·ÚÒÓ Êfi‚ˆÓ Î·È „˘¯È·ÙÚÈÎÒÓ ÚÔ‚ÏËÌ¿ÙˆÓ61, 62 ¤-¯Ô˘Ó ·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ·Ûı› ·fi ÔÏÏÔ‡˜ ÂÚ¢ÓËÙ¤˜.¢‡Ô ÌÂϤÙ˜ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÂÈ ·˘ÍË̤ÓÔ ÂÈÔÏ·ÛÌfi„˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈÎÒÓ ‹ „˘¯È·ÙÚÈÎÒÓ ‰˘ÛÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÈÒÓ Û ·Ó-ıÚÒÔ˘˜ Ì Oº. O Roy-Byrne Î·È Û˘Ó.62 ‚Ú‹Î·Ó ÙÔ˘-Ï¿¯ÈÛÙÔÓ ÌÈ· ÂÈϤÔÓ „˘¯È·ÙÚÈ΋ ‰˘ÛÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›·(Û‡Ìʈӷ Ì ٷ ÎÚÈÙ‹ÚÈ· DSM-III) ÛÙÔ 42% ÙˆÓ ·ÛıÂ-ÓÒÓ Ì Oº Ô˘ Âͤٷ۷Ó, ÂÓÒ Ô Locker Î·È Û˘Ó.63 ‰È·-›ÛÙˆÛ·Ó ‡·ÚÍË „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈÎÒÓ ‰˘ÛÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÈÒÓ Û·ÛıÂÓ›˜ Ì Oº ηٿ 55% ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚÔ ·fi fi,ÙÈ Û ·-ÛıÂÓ›˜ ¯ˆÚ›˜ Oº, Û ÌÂϤÙË ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙË N. ZËÏ·Ó‰›·.EӉȷʤÚÔÓÙ· Â›Ó·È Î·È Ù· Â˘Ú‹Ì·Ù· ¿ÏÏ˘ ¤Ú¢ӷ˜ÛÙË °ÂÚÌ·Ó›·: ·) ™¯Â‰fiÓ ¤Ó·˜ ÛÙÔ˘˜ ÙÚÂȘ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜Ì ÔÏϷϤ˜ ‰È·ÓÔËÙÈΤ˜ ‰È·Ù·Ú·¯¤˜ ˘ÔʤÚÂÈ Î·È·fi ·ıÔÏÔÁÈο ˘„ËÏfi Oº, οÙÈ Ô˘ ÛÙÔ ÁÂÓÈÎfi ÏË-ı˘ÛÌfi Û˘Ó·ÓÙ¿Ù·È ÛÂ Û˘¯ÓfiÙËÙ· ÌfiÓÔ 4,2%. ‚) ¶ÔÛÔ-ÛÙfi 42% ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ Ì ÌÂÙ·-ÙÚ·˘Ì·ÙÈ΋ ·Á¯Ò‰Ë ‰˘-ÛÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›·, 31,3% Ì ·Á¯Ò‰Ë ‰˘ÛÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· ηÈ20,7% Ì ηٷıÏÈÙÈ΋ ‰˘ÛÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙Ô˘Ó Î·È˘„ËÏfi ‚·ıÌfi Oº64.ŒÓ· ı¤Ì· Ô˘ ›Ûˆ˜ Û¯ÂÙ›˙ÂÙ·È Ì ÙËÓ ÚԤϢÛË ÙÔ˘Oº Â›Ó·È ·˘Ùfi Ù˘ ËÏÈΛ·˜ Ô˘ ·Ú¯›˙ÂÈ Ó· ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙Â-Ù·È65. ™Â ÌÂϤÙË ¤ÍÈ ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈÎÒÓ Ù‡ˆÓ ÊÔ‚›·˜, ÔOst66 ‚ڋΠÛËÌ·ÓÙÈΤ˜ ‰È·ÊÔÚ¤˜ ÛÙËÓ ËÏÈΛ· ¤Ó·Ú-͢. ºÔ‚›Â˜ ÁÈ· ÙÔ ·›Ì· Î·È Ù· ˙Ò· ·ÔÎÙ‹ıËÎ·Ó Î˘-Ú›ˆ˜ ηٿ ÙËÓ ·È‰È΋ ËÏÈΛ·. KÔÈÓˆÓÈΤ˜ ÊÔ‚›Â˜ ·Ô-ÎÙ‹ıËÎ·Ó ÛÙËÓ ÂÊ˂›· ÂÓÒ ·ÁÔÚ·ÊÔ‚›· Î·È ÎÏÂÈÛÙÔ-ÊÔ‚›· ÛÙËÓ ÂÓËÏÈΛˆÛË. A˘Ù¤˜ ÔÈ ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈΤ˜ ËÏÈ-˘ ¤Ó·Ú͢ Û˘Ó‰¤ÔÓÙ·Ó ÌÂ Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ÓÔ ÙÚfiÔ ·-fiÎÙËÛ˘ Î·È ‰È·ÊÔÚ¤˜ ÛÙ· „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈο ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚÈ-ÛÙÈο ÙÔ˘ ·ÙfiÌÔ˘. H ËÏÈΛ· ¤Ó·Ú͢ ÙÔ˘ Oº ÚÔÛ‹Ï-΢Û ϛÁË ÚÔÛÔ¯‹ ΢ڛˆ˜ ÏfiÁˆ ÙÔ˘ fiÙÈ ıˆڋıËΈ˜ Êfi‚Ô˜ Ô˘ ÍÂÎÈÓ¿ ·fi ÙËÓ ·È‰È΋ ËÏÈΛ· Î·È ·-ڷ̤ÓÂÈ ÛÙË ÌÂÙ¤ÂÈÙ· ˙ˆ‹. EÓÙÔ‡ÙÔȘ, ‰‡Ô ÌÂϤÙÂ˜Ô˘ ¤ÁÈÓ·Ó Ì ·˘Ùfi ÙÔ ·ÓÙÈΛÌÂÓÔ ‰ÂÓ ˘ÔÛÙËÚ›˙Ô˘Ó·˘Ù‹ ÙËÓ ¿Ô„Ë. O Ost66 ÌÂÏÂÙÒÓÙ·˜ ÌÈ· ÔÌ¿‰· ·-

15

£ÂÌ·ÙÈ΋ EÓfiÙËÙ·

ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 11-20, 2013

ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 11-20, 201316

£ÂÌ·ÙÈ΋ EÓfiÙËÙ·

ÛıÂÓÒÓ Ì ԉÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÔ‚›· ‚ڋΠfiÙÈ Û¯Â‰fiÓ 20%·˘ÙÒÓ ·Ó¤ÊÂÚ ¤Ó·ÚÍË ÌÂÙ¿ ÙËÓ ËÏÈΛ· ÙˆÓ 14 ÂÙÒÓ.ÕÏÏË ‰Â ÌÂϤÙË ÙˆÓ Milgrom Î·È Û˘Ó.23 ‚ڋΠfiÙÈ33,3% ÙˆÓ ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ Ì Oº ·¤ÎÙËÛ ÙÔ Êfi‚Ô ·˘Ùfiηٿ ÙË ‰È¿ÚÎÂÈ· Ù˘ ÂÊ˂›·˜ ‹ Ù˘ ÂÓËÏÈΛˆÛ‹˜ÙÔ˘˜.

™YNE¶EIE™ TOY Oº ™TON A™£ENH

O Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi˜ Êfi‚Ô˜ ¤¯ÂÈ Û·Ó ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· Ô ·ÛıÂ-Ó‹˜ Ó· ÂÚÈÔÚ›˙ÂÈ, Ó· ·Ó·‚¿ÏÏÂÈ ‹ Î·È Ó· ‰È·ÎfiÙÂÈ Â-ÓÙÂÏÒ˜ ÙȘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈΤ˜ ÂÈÛΤ„ÂȘ, Ê·ÈÓfiÌÂÓÔ Ô˘Â›Ó·È ÁÓˆÛÙfi Û·Ó «Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ·ÔÊ˘Á‹» (“dentalavoidance”)67, 68. A˘Ùfi ¤¯ÂÈ Ì ÙË ÛÂÈÚ¿ ÙÔ˘ Û·Ó Û˘Ó¤-ÂÈ· ÙËÓ ·‡ÍËÛË ÙÔ˘ ÂÈÔÏ·ÛÌÔ‡ ÙˆÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÒÓÓfiÛˆÓ68, 69. AÛıÂÓ›˜ Ì Oº ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙Ô˘Ó ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ·ÙÂÚˉÔÓÈṲ̂ӷ ‹ ÂÏÏ›ÔÓÙ· ‰fiÓÙÈ· Î·È ÏÈÁfiÙÂÚ· ·-ÔηٷÛÙË̤ӷ ‰fiÓÙÈ· Û ۇÁÎÚÈÛË Ì ÙÔÓ ˘fiÏÔÈÔÏËı˘ÛÌfi70. O Thom Î·È Û˘Ó.71 ‚Ú‹Î·Ó fiÙÈ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜Ì Oº Ô˘ ·ÔʇÁÔ˘Ó ÙËÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ıÂڷ›·ÁÈ· ·ÚÎÂÙ¿ ¯ÚfiÓÈ·, ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙ÔÓÙ·È Ó· ¤¯Ô˘Ó ̤ÛÔ ·ÚÈı-Ìfi ÔÎÙÒ (8) ‰ÔÓÙÈÒÓ Ô˘ ̄ Ú‹˙Ô˘Ó ıÂڷ›·˜. H Ù·ÎÙÈ-΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰· ÂÁηٷÏ›ÂÙ·È ·fi ·˘-ÙÔ‡˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ ÔÈ ÔÔ›ÔÈ Ï¤ÔÓ ‚·Û›˙ÔÓÙ·È ÛÙËÓ·˘ÙÔÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·, ÛÙËÓ Â›ÛÎÂ„Ë Û ̆ ËÚÂۛ˜ ›ÁÔ˘-Û·˜ ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜ Î·È ÂÚÈÛÙ·Ûȷο ÛÙËÓ ¯Ú‹ÛË ·Ú·-‰ÔÛÈ·ÎÒÓ ÌÂıfi‰ˆÓ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ·Ó·ÎÔ‡ÊÈÛË ·fi ÙÔÓ fi-ÓÔ70. EÔ̤ӈ˜, ÂËÚ¿˙ÂÙ·È ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈο ÙfiÛÔ Ë Î·Ù¿-ÛÙ·ÛË Ù˘ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ ˘Á›·˜ fiÛÔ Î·È Ë ÔÈfiÙËÙ· ˙ˆ-‹˜ ÙˆÓ ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ ·˘ÙÒÓ72, 73, ·ÊÔ‡ ÔÏÏÔ› ·fi ·˘ÙÔ‡˜·ÈÛı¿ÓÔÓÙ·È ÓÙÚÔ‹ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ Î·Ù¿ÛÙ·ÛË ÙˆÓ ‰ÔÓÙÈÒÓÙÔ˘˜73 Ì ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· Ó· ·ÔʇÁÔ˘Ó Ó· ÌÈÏÔ‡Ó ‹ Ó·ÁÂÏÔ‡Ó ‰ËÌÔÛ›ˆ˜73, 74, ·ÎfiÌ· Î·È Ó· ·ÔʇÁÔ˘Ó ÙȘÎÔÈÓˆÓÈΤ˜ Û˘Ó·Ó·ÛÙÚÔʤ˜75.

™YNE¶EIE™ TOY Oº ™TON O¢ONTIATPO

H ·ÓËÛ˘¯›· ÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂÓÔ‡˜ ÚÈÓ ÙËÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ›-ÛÎÂ„Ë Ì ·ÎfiÏÔ˘ıÔ ÙËÓ ·‰˘Ó·Ì›· ÈηÓÔÔÈËÙÈ΋˜Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÚfiÏ˄˘ Î·È ıÂڷ›·˜ ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡Ó¤Ó· ·fi Ù· ÌÂÁ·Ï‡ÙÂÚ· ÂÌfi‰È· ÛÙÔ ‰ÚfiÌÔ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ Â-›Ù¢ÍË È‰ÂÒ‰Ô˘˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ΋˜ ˘Á›·˜. ™ÙÔ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚ›Ô, Ô Oº ¤¯ÂÈ ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈ΋ ÂÈÚÚÔ‹, ÂÎÙfi˜ ·fi ÙÔÓ ·-ÛıÂÓ‹, ÙfiÛÔ ÛÙËÓ ·Ú¯fiÌÂÓË Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ıÂÚ·-›· fiÛÔ Î·È ÛÙÔ ıÂÚ¿ÔÓÙ· Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ76. ™Â Û¯ÂÙÈ΋ ÌÂϤÙË Ô˘ Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÔÔÈ‹ıËΠÛÙË ™Ô˘Ë-‰›·, Ê¿ÓËΠfiÙÈ Ë ÛÙ¿ÛË ÙˆÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ¿ÙÚˆÓ ·¤Ó·ÓÙÈÛ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ Ì Oº Â›Ó·È Î˘Ú›ˆ˜ ıÂÙÈ΋. øÛÙfiÛÔ, Ë Â-Ó·Û¯fiÏËÛË Ì ٤ÙÔÈÔ˘˜ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ ÂÚÈÁÚ¿ÊÂÙ·È ˆ˜ÛÎÏËÚ‹ Î·È ¯ÚÔÓÔ‚fiÚ· ÂÚÁ·Û›·, Ì ÂÓȯڋ ·ÌÔÈ‚‹Î·È ÌÈÎÚ‹ ÂÎÙ›ÌËÛË ·fi ̤ÚÔ˘˜ ÙÔ˘ ÂÚÁÔ‰fiÙË. E›Ó·ÈÂӉȷʤÚÔÓ fiÙÈ ÔÈ Á˘Ó·›Î˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔÈ ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÔ˘Ó˘„ËÏfiÙÂÚ· ÔÛÔÛÙ¿ ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ Ì Oº Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ·˘-Ù¿ Ô˘ ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÔÓÙ·È ·fi ÙÔ˘˜ Û˘Ó·‰¤ÏÊÔ˘˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ¿Ó-‰Ú˜77.H ̤¯ÚÈ ÙÒÚ· ¤Ú¢ӷ ‰Â›¯ÓÂÈ fiÙÈ Ë ÂÎÙ›ÌËÛË ÙÔ˘ OºÌ ٷ Û˘Ó‹ıË Û˘ÛÙ‹Ì·Ù· ·ÍÈÔÏfiÁËÛ˘ ̄ ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈ›-Ù·È Û¿ÓÈ· ÛÙËÓ Î·ıËÌÂÚÈÓ‹ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ Ú¿ÍË78. OÈÔ‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔÈ Ì¿ÏÏÔÓ ÊÔ‚Ô‡ÓÙ·È Ó· ÚˆÙ‹ÛÔ˘Ó ÙÔ˘˜ ·-

ÛıÂÓ›˜ ÙÔ˘˜ Û¯ÂÙÈο Ì ÙÔÓ Oº ÛÎÂÙfiÌÂÓÔÈ fiÙÈ ·˘Ùfi›Ûˆ˜ ·˘Í‹ÛÂÈ ÙÔÓ fiÔÈÔ Êfi‚Ô ÙÔ˘˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚÈ΋ ıÂڷ›· Ô˘ ı· ·ÎÔÏÔ˘ı‹ÛÂÈ. EÓÙÔ‡ÙÔȘ, ÔCorah79 ·Ó¤ÊÂÚ fiÙÈ Ë ÈηÓÔÔ›ËÛË ÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂÓÔ‡˜ ÁÈ·ÙËÓ ÂÓ Á¤ÓÂÈ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ıÂڷ›· ·˘Í‹ıËΠfiÙ·Ó ÔÔ‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ˜ ·Û¯ÔÏÈfiÙ·Ó Ì ÙÔÓ ÂӉ¯fiÌÂÓÔ Êfi‚ÔÙÔ˘˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ıÂڷ›·. ™˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ӷ ·-ӷʤÚÂÈ: «AÓ ÌË ÙÈ ¿ÏÏÔ, Ë ÂÚÒÙËÛË Û¯ÂÙÈο Ì ÙÔÓOº ‰›ÓÂÈ ÛÙÔÓ ·ÛıÂÓ‹ ÙËÓ ¿‰ÂÈ· Ó· ÂÎÊÚ¿ÛÂÈ ·ÓËÛ˘-¯›· ÙÔ˘, Â¿Ó ·˘Ù‹ ˘Ê›ÛٷٷÈ. E¿Ó Ô ·ÛıÂÓ‹˜ ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È·Ó‹Û˘¯Ô˜, Ë ÂÚÒÙËÛË ÙÔ˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ¿ÙÚÔ˘ ‰ÂÓ ı· ·Ô-ÙÂϤÛÂÈ ·ÈÙ›· ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ›·˜ Ó¤·˜ ·ÓËÛ˘¯›·˜». EÍ¿Ï-ÏÔ˘, ÔÈ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ Ì Oº ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚ›˙Ô˘Ó ÙÔ Êfi‚Ô ÙÔ˘˜Î·È Û˘Ó‹ıˆ˜ ÙÔÓ ·ÍÈÔÏÔÁÔ‡Ó ÛˆÛÙ¿. °È’ ·˘Ùfi, ÔÈ Ô‰Ô-ÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ› ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ Ì ·˘ÍË̤ÓÔ Î›Ó‰˘ÓÔ ·Ó¿Ù˘Í˘Oº Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÂÚˆÙÒÓÙ·È Û¯ÂÙÈο Ì ηٿÏÏËÏÔ ÙÚfi-Ô, ÒÛÙ ӷ ‰È·ÁÓˆÛıÔ‡Ó ¤ÁηÈÚ· Î·È Ó· ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆÈ-ÛıÔ‡Ó ·Ó¿ÏÔÁ·80.

ANTIMETø¶I™H TOY Oº

I‰Âˆ‰Ò˜, Ô ¯ÂÈÚÈÛÌfi˜ ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ Ì Oº ··ÈÙ› „˘¯Ô-ÏÔÁÈ΋ - Û˘ÌÂÚÈÊÔÚÈ΋ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛË71-75, 81-84. T¤ÙÔȘٯÓÈΤ˜ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ‰Â›ÍÂÈ ÂÓı·ÚÚ˘ÓÙÈο ·ÔÙÂϤÛÌ·Ù· ÛÂfi,ÙÈ ·ÊÔÚ¿ ÙË ‚ÂÏÙ›ˆÛË Ù˘ ÈηÓfiÙËÙ·˜ ÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂÓÔ‡˜Ó· ‰Â¯ı› ÙËÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ıÂڷ›· ÚÔԉ¢ÙÈο85.A˘Ù¤˜ ÔÈ Ù¯ÓÈΤ˜, ˆÛÙfiÛÔ, ‰ÂÓ ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÔÓÙ·È ¿-ÓÙ· Û ÚÔÙ˘¯È·Î¿ ‹ ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Î¿ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù·ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ ÙˆÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÒÓ Û¯ÔÏÒÓ. MÈ· meta-analysis86 ¤‰ÂÈÍ ıÂÙÈΤ˜ ·ÏÏ·Á¤˜ ÛÙÔÓ ·˘ÙÔ·Ó·ÊÂÚfi-ÌÂÓÔ Oº Û 36 ·fi ÙȘ 38 ÌÂϤÙ˜, ¤ÂÈÙ· ·fi Úfi-ÁÚ·ÌÌ· ıÂڷ›·˜ ÙÔ˘ Oº Ô˘ ·ÊÔÚÔ‡Û ΢ڛˆ˜ ıÂ-ڷ¢ÙÈΤ˜ Û˘ÌÂÚÈÊÔÚÈΤ˜ ·ÚÂÌ‚¿ÛÂȘ. ™ÙȘ ˘fi-ÏÔȘ ‰‡Ô ÌÂϤÙ˜ ‰ÂÓ ‚Ú¤ıËΠηÌÈ¿ ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈ΋ ·Ï-Ï·Á‹. ŒÂÈÙ· ·fi 4 ̄ ÚfiÓÈ· ıÂڷ›·˜ Î·È Ì¤ÛÔ fiÚÔ 6-10 Û˘Ó‰ÚÈÒÓ, ¤Ó· ̤ÛÔ ÔÛÔÛÙfi 77% ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ ¿Ú¯È-Û ӷ ÂÈÛΤÙÂÙ·È ÙÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ Î·ÓÔÓÈο. ™Â Â-ÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ˜ ·fi ÙȘ ÌÈÛ¤˜ ÌÂϤÙ˜, Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈΤ˜ Û˘-Ó‰ڛ˜ ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡Û·Ó Ì¤ÚÔ˜ ÙÔ˘ ıÂڷ¢ÙÈÎÔ‡ ÚÔ-ÁÚ¿ÌÌ·ÙÔ˜86.™¯ÂÙÈ΋ ÌÂϤÙË ·ÔÎ¿Ï˘„ fiÙÈ ÔÈ ™Ô˘Ë‰Ô› Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔȯÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÔ‡Ó ÔÈÎÈÏ›· Ù¯ÓÈÎÒÓ ÚÔÎÂÈ̤ÓÔ˘ Ó· η-χ„Ô˘Ó ÙȘ ·Ó¿ÁΘ ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ Ì Oº. H Û˘¯ÓfiÙÂÚË«„˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋ ÚÔÛ¤ÁÁÈÛË» ÂÚÈÂÏ¿Ì‚·Ó Ù¯ÓÈΤ˜ ¯·-Ï¿ÚˆÛ˘ (68%), ÂÚÈÛ·ÛÌÔ‡ (66%) Î·È «§¤ˆ-¢Â›¯Óˆ-K¿Óˆ» (“Tell-Show-Do”) (86%). H Û˘¯ÓfiÙÂÚË «Ê·ÚÌ·-΢ÙÈ΋ ÚÔÛ¤ÁÁÈÛË» ‹Ù·Ó Ë ̄ Ú‹ÛË Ìȉ·˙ÔÏ¿Ì˘ (72%)Î·È ‚ÂÓ˙ԉȷ˙›Ó˘ (77%)87. ™‡Ìʈӷ Ì ÙÔ „‹ÊÈÛÌ· Ù˘ 11/05/2012 ÙÔ˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘-Ï›Ô˘ ÙˆÓ E˘Úˆ·›ˆÓ O‰ÔÓÙÈ¿ÙÚˆÓ (CED), «Ë ÂÈÛÓÂfi-ÌÂÓË ¯·Ï¿ÚˆÛË Ì ÙË ¯Ú‹ÛË ÚˆÙÔÍÂȉ›Ô˘ ÙÔ˘ ·˙Ò-ÙÔ˘ - Ô͢ÁfiÓÔ˘ ·ÔÙÂÏ› Ù¯ÓÈ΋ ·ÛÊ·Ï‹, ÌÂÁ¿Ï˘ ·-Í›·˜ Î·È ·ÔÙÂÏÂÛÌ·ÙÈÎfiÙËÙ·˜ ÁÈ· Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈΤ˜ ‰È·-‰Èηۛ˜ Î·È ÂÈÙÚ¤ÂÈ ÛÙË ÌÂÁ¿ÏË ÏÂÈÔÓfiÙËÙ· ÙˆÓÊÔ‚ÈÎÒÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÒÓ ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ Ó· ˘ÔÛÙÔ‡Ó ÂÈÙ˘-¯Ò˜ ÙË Ó¿ÚΈÛË Î·È ÙË ıÂڷ›· Û ¤Ó· ÂÚÈ‚¿ÏÏÔÓÔχ ÈÔ ¿ÓÂÙÔ Î·È ··ÏÏ·Á̤ÓÔ ·fi ÙÔ ¿Á¯Ô˜»88, 89.H ̤ıÔ‰Ô˜ Ù˘ ÁÂÓÈ΋˜ ·Ó·ÈÛıËÛ›·˜, ›Û˘, ·ÔÙÂ-Ï› ÌÈ· ¿ÏÏË ÂÓ·ÏÏ·ÎÙÈ΋ χÛË ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ·ÚÔ¯‹ Ô‰Ô-

ÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÂÚ›ı·Ï„˘ ÛÙÔ˘˜ ÊÔ‚ÈÎÔ‡˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ-ÎÔ‡˜ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜32, 90-92. H ÁÂÓÈ΋ ·Ó·ÈÛıËÛ›· Â›Ó·È ·ÛÊ·-Ï‹˜ Î·È ·ÔÙÂÏÂÛÌ·ÙÈ΋ ̤ıÔ‰Ô˜, ÂÊfiÛÔÓ ÙËÚÔ‡ÓÙ·ÈÔÈ Î·Ù¢ı˘ÓÙ‹ÚȘ Ô‰ËÁ›Â˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ¯ÔÚ‹ÁËÛ‹ Ù˘ ηÈÛÙ·ıÌ›˙ÔÓÙ·È ÛˆÛÙ¿ Ù· ·Ó·ÌÂÓfiÌÂÓ· ÔʤÏË Ì ÙÔ˘˜ÂӉ¯fiÌÂÓÔ˘˜ ÎÈÓ‰‡ÓÔ˘˜ Î·È ÙÔ Â·ÎfiÏÔ˘ıÔ ÎfiÛÙÔ˜ÁÈ· ÙÔ Û‡ÛÙËÌ· ˘Á›·˜32, 90-93. ™ËÌ·ÓÙÈÎfi ÔÛÔÛÙfi Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ¿ÙÚˆÓ Ô˘ ÂÚÁ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È ÛÙËM. BÚÂÙ·Ó›· ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÂÎÊÚ¿ÛÂÈ ÙËÓ ·Ó¿ÁÎË ÂÚ·ÈÙ¤Úˆ ÂÎ-·›‰Â˘Û‹˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙËÓ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛË ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ Ì Oº94.

™YM¶EPA™MATA

O Oº Â›Ó·È ·ÚÒÓ Û ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈÎfi ̤ÚÔ˜ ÙÔ˘ ÁÂÓÈÎÔ‡ÏËı˘ÛÌÔ‡ ·ÁÎÔÛÌ›ˆ˜. K¿ÔȘ ÏËı˘ÛÌȷΤ˜ Ô-Ì¿‰Â˜, ˆÛÙfiÛÔ, fiˆ˜ Â›Ó·È ÔÈ Á˘Ó·›Î˜, ÔÈ ÓÂÒÙÂÚÔÈ¿ÓıÚˆÔÈ Û ËÏÈΛ· Î·È ·˘ÙÔ› Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ‹‰Ë ÂÌÊ·Ó›-ÛÂÈ Î¿ÔÈ· „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋, „˘¯È·ÙÚÈ΋ ‹ ‰È·ÓÔËÙÈ΋ ‰È·-Ù·Ú·¯‹ Ï‹ÙÙÔÓÙ·È ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚÔ ·fi ÙÔÓ Oº. O Êfi-‚Ô˜ Ù˘ ‚ÂÏfiÓ·˜ Â›Ó·È Ë Û˘ÓËı¤ÛÙÂÚË ·ÊÔÚÌ‹ ÂΉ‹-ψÛ˘ ÙÔ˘ Oº Ô ÔÔ›Ô˜, fï˜, ÔÈΛÏÏÂÈ Û ¤ÓÙ·ÛË ·-Ó¿ÏÔÁ· Ì ÙÔ Â›‰Ô˜ Ù˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ Ô˘ı· ·ÎÔÏÔ˘ı‹ÛÂÈ. H ËÏÈΛ· ¤Ó·Ú͢ ÙÔ˘ Oº ıˆÚ›ٷÈ΢ڛˆ˜ Ë ·È‰È΋, ·Ó Î·È ·ÚÎÂÙ¤˜ ÌÂϤÙ˜ ÙË ÌÂÙ·ı¤-ÙÔ˘Ó ÛÙËÓ ÂÊ˂›·. OÈ ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚÔÈ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ Ì OºÊ·›ÓÂÙ·È fiÙÈ ÙÔÓ ·¤ÎÙËÛ·Ó Û·Ó ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· «ÂÍ·Ú-ÙË̤Ó˘ ·ÓÙ›‰Ú·Û˘» ·fi ·Ï·ÈfiÙÂÚ˜ ÂÌÂÈڛ˜ ‰È-Τ˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ‹ ¿ÏψÓ. °È· ÙÔ˘˜ ˘fiÏÔÈÔ˘˜ ¢ı‡ÓÂÙ·ÈÌ¿ÏÏÔÓ Î¿ÔÈÔ˜ ÈÔ È‰ÈÔÛ˘ÁÎÚ·ÛÈ·Îfi˜ ·ÙÔÌÈÎfi˜ ·-Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ·˜.™Ô‚·Ú‹ Û˘Ó¤ÂÈ· ÙÔ˘ Oº ·ÔÙÂÏ› Ë «Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋·ÔÊ˘Á‹» Ë ÔÔ›· Û˘Ó¿ÁÂÙ·È ÙËÓ Î·ı˘ÛÙ¤ÚËÛË ‹Î·È ·Î‡ÚˆÛË Ù˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÚfiÏ˄˘ Î·È ıÂÚ·-›·˜ Ì ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· ÙËÓ Âȉ›ӈÛË Ù˘ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋˜˘Á›·˜ ηÈ, ›Ûˆ˜, ηْ ¤ÎÙ·ÛË Ù˘ ÔÈfiÙËÙ·˜ ˙ˆ‹˜ÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂÓÔ‡˜. H ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛË ÙÔ˘ Oº Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÛÙËÚ›˙ÂÙ·È Î˘Ú›ˆ˜Û ıÂڷ¢ÙÈΤ˜ - Û˘ÌÂÚÈÊÔÚÈΤ˜ ·ÚÂÌ‚¿ÛÂȘ. ø-ÛÙfiÛÔ, Û·Ó ÂÓ·ÏÏ·ÎÙÈΤ˜ χÛÂȘ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ¯ÚËÛÈ-ÌÔÔÈËıÔ‡Ó: ·) Ë ¯Ú‹ÛË Ê·Ú̿ΈÓ, ‚) Ë „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋ÚÔÛ¤ÁÁÈÛË Ì Ù¯ÓÈΤ˜ ̄ ·Ï¿ÚˆÛ˘ ·fi ÙÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·-ÙÚÔ, Á) Ë ¯·Ï¿ÚˆÛË Ì ڈÙÔÍ›‰ÈÔ ·˙ÒÙÔ˘ Î·È ‰) ËÁÂÓÈ΋ ·Ó·ÈÛıËÛ›·. T¤ÏÔ˜, ··ÈÙÂ›Ù·È ÂÚ·ÈÙ¤Úˆ ÂÎ-·›‰Â˘ÛË ÁÈ· ÙÔÓ Û‡Á¯ÚÔÓÔ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ, ÒÛÙ ӷ ›-Ó·È Û ı¤ÛË Ó· ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈ› Ù· ηٿÏÏËÏ· ̤۷ ηÈÙȘ Ù¯ÓÈΤ˜ Ô˘ ÂӉ›ÎÓ˘ÓÙ·È ÚÔÎÂÈ̤ÓÔ˘ Ó· ·ÓÙÈÌÂ-ÙˆÈÛı› ·ÔÙÂÏÂÛÌ·ÙÈο ¤Ó·˜ ·ÛıÂÓ‹˜ Ì Oº.

SUMMARY

Dental fear: An issue concerning patient and dentist

Athanasios Spiliotopoulos, Eleftherios Dokos

hellenic hospital dentistry 6: 11-20, 2013

Dental fear (DF) is a severe fear of dental treatment oreven prevention. The aim of the present study is to

introduce, according to the latest data: A) The distinctionamong the terms of “dental anxiety”, “dental fear” and“dental phobia”. B) The prevalence and the methods ofrecording DF. C) The stimuli potentially causing DF, itsaetiology and consequenses for the patient and thedentist as well. D) The ways of treating DF.DF is estimated to affect approximately 4-20% of thegeneral population in industrialized countries. Age,sex, education, social status, national origin andpossible psychological, emotional or mental disordersmay affect the level of DF. Studies so far have shownsimilar prevalence and characteristics in Greece, too.A serious consequence of DF is the avoidance ofdental care, known as “dental avoidance”, usuallyleading to poor oral health. Dentists often encountersuch patients only during emergency sessions. At thatpoint, pain-free treatment is rather impossible. Most ofthe patients with DF report their childhood as the age ofits onset. Previous traumatic dental experiences,influence of parents and peers or personality traits arethe commonest reasons for the onset of DF. One of thecommonest reported concerns relates to receivinginjections, with the needle fear, in particular, being themajor issue. The connection between rememberedand expected pain has been found stronger than theconnection between remembered and experiencedpain. Affected persons are aware of their fear and mostly ratetheir degree of fear correctly. Patients at increased riskof DF should be asked about that in a targeted manner,so that the potential problem can be detected early andtreated appropriately. There is no evidence that thisincreases patient’s DF. Treatment of DF must be basedmainly on cognitive - behavioural therapeuticinterventions. However, alternative approaches thatcan be used are: a) medication (usually midazolameand benzodiazepine), b) relaxation techniques, c)nitrous oxide inhalation sedation and d) generalanaesthesia.Most of the dentists consider such cases as aprofessional challenge although time-consuming andnot well-paid. There is a need for further training inmanaging feared dental patients which is supported bydentists` lack of confidence, as determined from theresults of relevant studies.

Key words: Dental fear; dental anxiety; dental phobia;dental avoidance; dental treatment.

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™ÙÔ˘˜ ÁËÚÔ‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡˜ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ Ë ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›· ·ÔÙÂÏ› Û˘¯Ófi ‡ÚËÌ· ÏfiÁˆ ·˘ÍË̤Ó˘¯Ú‹Û˘ Ê·Ú̿ΈÓ, ·ÎÙÈÓÔıÂڷ›·˜, ˘ÔÛÈÙÈÛÌÔ‡, ·ıÔÏÔÁÈÎÒÓ Î·Ù·ÛÙ¿ÛÂˆÓ ÙˆÓ ÛÈÂÏÔÁfi-ÓˆÓ ·‰¤ÓˆÓ, ·ÏÏ¿ ηÈ/‹ ·fiÚÚÔÈ· ·Ï¿ Ù˘ ËÏÈΛ·˜. §fiÁˆ Ù˘ ·ÚÈıÌËÙÈ΋˜ ·‡ÍËÛ˘ Ù˘ ËÏÈÎÈ·-΋˜ ·˘Ù‹˜ ÔÌ¿‰·˜ ·ÁÎÔÛÌ›ˆ˜, ÙÔ Úfi‚ÏËÌ· Ù˘ ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·˜ ¤¯ÂÈ ·Ú¯›ÛÂÈ Ó· ÚÔ‚ÏËÌ·Ù›˙ÂÈÛ ÎÏÈÓÈÎfi Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi ›‰Ô, ÏfiÁˆ ÙˆÓ Û˘Ó·ÎfiÏÔ˘ıˆÓ Û˘Ì‚·Ì¿ÙˆÓ ÂÓÙfi˜ Ù˘ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ-΋˜ ÎÔÈÏfiÙËÙ·˜. H ΢ÚÈfiÙÂÚË Û˘Ó¤ÂÈ· Ù˘ ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·˜ ÛÙÔ˘˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈÎÔ‡˜ ÊÚ·ÁÌÔ‡˜ Â›Ó·È Ë ·‡-ÍËÛË ÙˆÓ ÂÓÂÚÁÒÓ ÙÂÚˉÔÓÈÎÒÓ ‚Ï·‚ÒÓ Î·È Î·Ù¿ Û˘Ó¤ÂÈ· ÙÔ˘ Û˘ÓÔÏÈÎÔ‡ ÙÂÚˉÔÓÈÎÔ‡ ‰Â›ÎÙËÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂÓ‹. H ÂÓÙfiÈÛË ÙˆÓ ‚Ï·‚ÒÓ ·˘ÙÒÓ ÛÙÔ˘˜ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ ÙÚ›Ù˘ ËÏÈΛ·˜ ·Ú·ÙËÚÂ›Ù·È Û˘¯Ófi-ÙÂÚ· ÛÙȘ ÂÎÙÂıÂÈ̤Ó˜ ÚÈ˙ÈΤ˜ ÂÈÊ¿ÓÂȘ (ÙÂÚˉfiÓ· Ú›˙·˜). ¢È¿ÊÔÚÔÈ ·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ˜ ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘fiˆ˜ ÙÔ pH, Ë Ú˘ıÌÈÛÙÈ΋ ÈηÓfiÙËÙ· Î·È Ô Ú˘ıÌfi˜ ÚÔ‹˜ ÙÔ˘, ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ÌÂÙÚËıÔ‡Ó ¿ÌÂÛ· ̉ȿÊÔÚÔ˘˜ ÎÏÈÓÈÎÔ‡˜ ÂϤÁ¯Ô˘˜ ÛÙÔ È·ÙÚÂ›Ô Û ̛· Î·È ÌfiÓÔ Û˘Ó‰ڛ·. OÈ ÂÚÁ·ÛÙËÚÈ·ÎÔ› ·˘ÙÔ› ¤-ÏÂÁ¯ÔÈ Á›ÓÔÓÙ·È Ì¤Ûˆ ÚÔÛ˘Û΢·Ṳ̂ӈÓ, Ì›·˜ ̄ Ú‹Û˘ ÎÏÈÓÈÎÒÓ ÌÂÙÚ‹ÛÂˆÓ Ù˘ ÚÔ‹˜ ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈ-Ô˘ ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ÚÔÛ‰ÈÔÚÈÛÌÔ‡ ÙÔ˘ ÌÈÎÚÔ‚È·ÎÔ‡ ÊÔÚÙ›Ô˘ Ô˘ ʤÚÂÈ Ë ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋ ÎÔÈÏfiÙËÙ· ÙÔ˘ ·-ÛıÂÓ‹, Ì ‡ÎÔÏÔ, ÁÚ‹ÁÔÚÔ Î·È ÔÈÎÔÓÔÌÈÎfi ÙÚfiÔ. ™ÎÔfi˜ Ù˘ ·ÚÔ‡Û·˜ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ Â›Ó·È Ë ·Ó·ÊÔÚ¿ fiÏˆÓ ÙˆÓ Û‡Á¯ÚÔÓˆÓ ‰Â‰ÔÌ¤ÓˆÓ Û¯ÂÙÈο ÌÂÙË ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘, ÙÔ˘˜ ·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ˜ Ô˘ ÂËÚ¿˙Ô˘Ó ÙË ÚÔ‹ ÙÔ˘, ÙÔ˘˜ ÙÚfiÔ˘˜ ÂϤÁ¯Ô˘Ù˘ ÔÛfiÙËÙ·˜ Î·È ÔÈfiÙËÙ¿˜ ÙÔ˘ Î·È ÙË Û˘Û¯¤ÙÈÛ‹ ÙÔ˘ Ì ÙËÓ ·ÚÔ˘Û›· ÙÂÚˉfiÓ·˜ Û ¿ÙÔÌ·ÙÚ›Ù˘ ËÏÈΛ·˜. T¤ÏÔ˜, Á›ÓÂÙ·È ÚÔÛ¿ıÂÈ· ÙÂÎÌËÚ›ˆÛ˘ Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈÌ¤ÓˆÓ ÚˆÙÔÎfiÏÏˆÓ ·ÓÙÈÌÂ-ÙÒÈÛ˘ ÙˆÓ ÁËÚÔ‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÒÓ ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ Ô˘ ¿Û¯Ô˘Ó ·fi ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·.

ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 21-30, 2013

§¤ÍÂȘ ÎÏÂȉȿ: ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·, ÙÂÛÙ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘, ÛÈ·ÏÈ΋ ÚÔ‹, ÙÂÚˉfi-Ó·, ÙÂÚˉÔÓÈÎfi˜ ΛӉ˘ÓÔ˜

1 O‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ˜2 §¤ÎÙÔÚ·˜, EÚÁ·ÛÙ‹ÚÈÔ O‰ÔÓÙÈ΋˜ XÂÈÚÔ˘ÚÁÈ΋˜, O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋

™¯ÔÏ‹ AıËÓÒÓ

ÿ‰Ú˘Ì· ÚÔ¤Ï¢Û˘:EÚÁ·ÛÙ‹ÚÈÔ O‰ÔÓÙÈ΋˜ XÂÈÚÔ˘ÚÁÈ΋˜, O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ™¯ÔÏ‹ AıËÓÒÓ

EI™A°ø°H

O ·ÚÈıÌfi˜ ÙˆÓ ËÏÈÎÈˆÌ¤ÓˆÓ ·ÙfiÌˆÓ ·˘Í¿ÓÂÙ·È ÔÏÔ¤Ó·Î·È ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚÔ ·ÁÎÔÛÌ›ˆ˜1. T· ¿ÙÔÌ· ÙÚ›Ù˘ ËÏÈΛ·˜,‰ËÏ·‰‹ ¿Óˆ ÙˆÓ 60 ÂÙÒÓ1, ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡Ó Ì›· ÔÌ¿‰· ÙÔ˘ÏËı˘ÛÌÔ‡ Ì ·˘ÍË̤Ó˜ ·Ó¿ÁΘ ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜, ÚfiÏË-„˘ Î·È ‰È·Ù‹ÚËÛ˘ ÂÓfi˜ ηÏÔ‡ ÂȤ‰Ô˘ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ ̆ -Á›·˜ ηıÒ˜ ·˘Ù‹ ¤¯ÂÈ Û˘¯Ó¿ Û˘Û¯ÂÙÈÛı› Ì ‰È¿ÊÔÚ·ÁÂÓÈο ÓÔÛ‹Ì·Ù·, fiˆ˜ Ô Û·Î¯·Ú҉˘ ‰È·‚‹Ù˘2 Î·È ÔÈηډÈÔ¿ıÂȘ3. ŒÓ·˜ ·fi ÙÔ˘˜ ΢ÚÈfiÙÂÚÔ˘˜ ·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ˜ Ô˘ ÂËÚ¿-˙Ô˘Ó ÙË ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋ ˘Á›· Â›Ó·È ÙÔ Û¿ÏÈÔ. H ÌÂȈ̤ÓË ÚÔ‹‹/Î·È Ë Ï‹Ú˘ ¤ÏÏÂÈ„‹ ÙÔ˘ ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ› Ì›· ηٿÛÙ·ÛËÔ˘ ·ÔÙÂÏ› Û˘¯Ó‹ ÂÓfi¯ÏËÛË ÁÈ· Ù· ¿ÙÔÌ· ÙÚ›Ù˘ ËÏÈ-Λ·˜ Î·È Î·ÏÂ›Ù·È ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·. EÌÊ·Ó›˙ÂÙ·È ‰Â Û ÔÛÔ-ÛÙfi ·fi 25% ¤ˆ˜ Î·È 50-60% ÙÔ˘ ËÏÈÎȈ̤ÓÔ˘ ÏËı˘-ÛÌÔ‡4. øÛÙfiÛÔ, Ê·›ÓÂÙ·È fiÙÈ ÁÂÓÈο Ë ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›· ‰ÂÓ ¤-¯ÂÈ ¿ÌÂÛË Û¯¤ÛË Ì ÙËÓ ·‡ÍËÛË Ù˘ ËÏÈΛ·˜ ·ÏÏ¿ ›ӷÈÌ¿ÏÏÔÓ ÌÈ· ηٿÛÙ·ÛË Ô˘ ÔÊ›ÏÂÙ·È Î˘Ú›ˆ˜ Û ϋ„Ë

21

οÔÈˆÓ Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈÌ¤ÓˆÓ Ê·Ú̿ΈÓ.°È· ÙÔ ÏfiÁÔ ·˘Ùfi Î·È Î·ıÒ˜ ÌÂÁ¿ÏÔÔÛÔÛÙfi ÙˆÓ ËÏÈÎÈˆÌ¤ÓˆÓ ·ÙfïÓÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó Û˘¯Ó¿ ÔÏÏ¿ Ê¿Ú̷η(ÔÏ˘Ê·Ú̷Λ·), Ë ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›· ·ÔÙÂ-Ï› Û˘¯Ófi ‡ÚËÌ· ÛÙȘ ÌÂÁ¿Ï˜ ËÏÈÎÈ·-ο ÔÌ¿‰Â˜ ÙÔ˘ ÏËı˘ÛÌÔ‡5. EÍ·ÈÙ›·˜Ù˘ ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·˜, ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡ÓÙ·È ÔÈ-ΛϷ ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· ÛÙÔ˘˜ ËÏÈÎȈ̤ÓÔ˘˜Ì ·ÚÈÔ Â‡ÚËÌ·, ¤Ú· ·fi ÙË ÌÂȈ̤-ÓË ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÈÎfiÙËÙ· ÙÔ˘ ÛÙfiÌ·ÙÔ˜, ÙËÓ·‡ÍËÛË ÙˆÓ ÙÂÚˉÔÓÈÎÒÓ ‰ÂÈÎÙÒÓ Î·ÈÙËÓ Î·Ù’ ¤ÎÙ·ÛË ·ÒÏÂÈ· ÙˆÓ ‰Ô-ÓÙÈÒÓ ÙÔ˘˜. ™ÎÔfi˜, ÏÔÈfiÓ, Ù˘ ·ÚÔ‡Û·˜ ÂÚÁ·-Û›·˜ Â›Ó·È Ë ·Ó·ÊÔÚ¿ fiÏˆÓ ÙˆÓ Û‡Á-¯ÚÔÓˆÓ ‰Â‰ÔÌ¤ÓˆÓ Û¯ÂÙÈο Ì ÙË ÏÂÈ-ÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘, ÙÔ˘˜ ·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙÂ˜Ô˘ ÂËÚ¿˙Ô˘Ó ÙË ÚÔ‹ ÙÔ˘, ÙÔ˘˜ ÙÚfi-Ô˘˜ ÂϤÁ¯Ô˘ Ù˘ ÔÛfiÙËÙ·˜ Î·È ÔÈfi-ÙËÙ¿˜ ÙÔ˘ Î·È ÙË Û˘Û¯¤ÙÈÛ‹ ÙÔ˘ Ì ÙËÓ·ÚÔ˘Û›· ÙÂÚˉfiÓ·˜ Û ¿ÙÔÌ· ÙÚ›Ù˘ËÏÈΛ·˜. T¤ÏÔ˜, Á›ÓÂÙ·È ÚÔÛ¿ıÂÈ·ÙÂÎÌËÚ›ˆÛ˘ Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈÌ¤ÓˆÓ ÚˆÙÔ-ÎfiÏÏˆÓ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛ˘ ÙˆÓ ÁËÚÔ‰Ô-ÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÒÓ ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ Ô˘ ¿Û¯Ô˘Ó ·fiÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·.

™A§IO: ™YN£E™H, ¶APA°ø°H KAIMETABO§E™ TOY ME THN H§IKIA

TÔ Û¿ÏÈÔ Â›Ó·È Ì›· Â͈ÎÚÈÓ‹˜ ¤ÎÎÚÈÛËÔ˘ ·ÔÙÂÏÂ›Ù·È Î·Ù¿ 99% ·fi ÓÂÚfi.TÔ ˘fiÏÔÈÔ 1% ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡Ó ‰È¿ÊÔÚÔÈ ËÏÂÎÙÚÔχÙ˜ fi-ˆ˜ Ó¿ÙÚÈÔ, ·Û‚¤ÛÙÈÔ, ¯ÏÒÚÈÔ, Ì·ÁÓ‹ÛÈÔ, ÊÒÛÊÔÚÔÎ.¿., ηıÒ˜ Î·È ÚˆÙ½Ó˜ fiˆ˜ ¤Ó˙˘Ì·, ·ÓÔÛÔÛÊ·ÈÚ›-Ó˜ Î·È ¿ÏϘ ·ÓÙÈÌÈÎÚԂȷΤ˜ Ô˘Û›Â˜6, 7. ¶·Ú¿ÁÂÙ·È ·fiÙÔ˘˜ ÛÈÂÏÔÁfiÓÔ˘˜ ·‰¤Ó˜, ÔÈ ÔÔ›ÔÈ ‰È·ÎÚ›ÓÔÓÙ·È Û Ì›-˙ÔÓ˜ Î·È ÂÏ¿ÛÛÔÓ˜. OÈ Ì›˙ÔÓ˜ ÛÈÂÏÔÁfiÓÔÈ ·‰¤Ó˜ ›-Ó·È Ë ·ÚˆÙ›‰·, ÔÈ ˘ÔÁÏÒÛÛÈÔÈ Î·È ÔÈ ˘ÔÁÓ¿ıÈÔÈ. OÈ Â-Ï¿ÛÛÔÓ˜ ÛÈÂÏÔÁfiÓÔÈ ·‰¤Ó˜ Â›Ó·È ‰È·ÛÎÔÚÈṲ̂ÓÔÈ ÛÂfiÏË ÙËÓ ¤ÎÙ·ÛË Ù˘ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ ÎÔÈÏfiÙËÙ·˜6, 8.TÔ Û¿ÏÈÔ ‰È·ÎÚ›ÓÂÙ·È Û ۿÏÈÔ ËÚÂÌ›·˜, ÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô Â›Ó·È·˘Ùfi Ô˘ ÚÔ·ÙÂÈ ·fi Ì›· ÌÈÎÚ‹ Û˘Ó¯‹ ÚÔ‹ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ÛÙË ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋ ÎÔÈÏfiÙËÙ· Î·È ·fi ÙËÓ ¤ÎÎÚÈÛË ÙˆÓ ·‰¤-ÓˆÓ ¯ˆÚ›˜ Ó· ¤¯Ô˘Ó ‰Â¯ı› οÔÈÔ ÂÚ¤ıÈÛÌ·, Î·È Û ۿ-ÏÈÔ ‰È¤ÁÂÚÛ˘ ÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô ·Ú¿ÁÂÙ·È ¤ÂÈÙ· ·fi Â͈ÁÂÓ‹‰È¤ÁÂÚÛË Î·È ·ÔÙÂÏ› ÙÔ 80-90% Ù˘ ËÌÂÚ‹ÛÈ·˜ ·Ú·-ÁˆÁ‹˜ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘6, 8. OÈ ˘ÔÁÓ¿ıÈÔÈ Â›Ó·È ÔÈ Î‡ÚÈÔÈ ·‰¤ÓÂ˜Ô˘ Û˘Ì‚¿ÏÏÔ˘Ó ÛÙËÓ ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ ËÚÂÌ›·˜ Â-ÓÒ ÔÈ ·ÚˆÙ›‰Â˜ ÔÈ Î‡ÚÈÔÈ ·‰¤Ó˜ Ô˘ Û˘Ì‚¿ÏÏÔ˘Ó ÛÙËÓ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ ‰È¤ÁÂÚÛ˘7. OÈ ÛÈÂÏÔÁfiÓÔÈ ·‰¤Ó˜ ‰ÈÂÁ›ÚÔÓÙ·È ÙfiÛÔ ·fi ÙÔ Û˘-Ì·ıËÙÈÎfi, fiÛÔ Î·È ·fi ÙÔ ·Ú·Û˘Ì·ıËÙÈÎfi Ó¢ÚÈÎfiÛ‡ÛÙËÌ·, Ì ÙÔ ÚÒÙÔ Ó· ÚÔηÏ› ÙËÓ ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ Û¿-ÏÈÔ˘ Ì ÎÔÏÏÒ‰Ë Û‡ÛÙ·ÛË Î·È ÙÔ ‰Â‡ÙÂÚÔ Ì ÌÂÁ·Ï‡-ÙÂÚË ÔÛfiÙËÙ· ÓÂÚÔ‡. °È· ·Ú¿‰ÂÈÁÌ·, ·›ÛıËÌ· ÍËÚfi-ÙËÙ·˜ ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÂÌÊ·ÓÈÛÙ› ηٿ ÙË ‰È¿ÚÎÂÈ· ÂÂÈÛÔ-‰›ˆÓ ¿Á¯Ô˘˜, fiÔ˘ ‰ÈÂÁ›ÚÂÙ·È ÙÔ Û˘Ì·ıËÙÈÎfi

Ó¢ÚÈÎfi Û‡ÛÙËÌ·8.TÔ Û¿ÏÈÔ ·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿˙ÂÈ ÌÈ· ÛÂÈÚ¿ ·fi ¢ÂÚÁÂÙÈΤ˜ ȉÈfiÙË-Ù˜ ÁÈ· ÙË ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋ ÎÔÈÏfiÙËÙ·. ¶ÈÔ Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ӷ Û˘Ì-‚¿ÏÏÂÈ: 1) ÛÙËÓ ÚÔÛÙ·Û›· Î·È ÙË Ï›·ÓÛË ÙÔ˘ ‚ÏÂÓÓÔÁfi-ÓÔ˘ ÙÔ˘ ÛÙfiÌ·ÙÔ˜, ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ÙÔ˘ Á·ÛÙÚÈÎÔ‡ ‚ÏÂÓÓÔÁfiÓÔ˘·ÔÙÚ¤ÔÓÙ·˜ ÙÚ·˘Ì·ÙÈÛÌÔ‡˜, 2) ÛÙÔÓ Î·ı·ÚÈÛÌfi ÙˆÓ‰ÔÓÙÈÒÓ, 3) ÛÙË Á‡ÛË Î·È ÙËÓ ¤„Ë, 4) ÛÙË ‰È·Ù‹ÚËÛËÛÙ·ıÂÚ‹˜ Ù˘ ÙÈÌ‹˜ ÙÔ˘ pH ÙÔ˘ ÛÙfiÌ·ÙÔ˜ ÏfiÁˆ Ù˘ Ú˘ı-ÌÈÛÙÈ΋˜ ÙÔ˘ ÈηÓfiÙËÙ·˜, 5) ÛÙËÓ ÚÔÛÙ·Û›· Ù˘ ·‰·Ì·-ÓÙ›Ó˘ ηıÒ˜ ‰È·¯ÂÈÚ›˙ÂÙ·È ÙȘ ‰È·‰Èηۛ˜ ·ÔÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈÎÔ-Ô›ËÛ˘ Î·È Â·Ó·ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈÎÔÔ›ËÛ˘, 6) ÛÙËÓ ÚÔÛÙ·Û›·ÙÔ˘ Û˘ÓfiÏÔ˘ ÙˆÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈÎÒÓ ÈÛÙÒÓ ·fi ÙËÓ ÙÂÚˉfiÓ· Ïfi-Áˆ ÙˆÓ ·ÓÙÈÌÈÎÚÔ‚È·ÎÒÓ Î·È Ú˘ıÌÈÛÙÈÎÒÓ È‰ÈÔÙ‹ÙˆÓ ÙÔ˘,7) ÛÙË ‰È·‚ÚÔ¯‹ Î·È ˙‡ÌˆÛË ÙˆÓ ÙÚÔÊÒÓ (‰È¢ÎfiÏ˘ÓÛËÌ¿ÛËÛ˘ - ηٿÔÛ˘ - ¤„˘ ‚ψÌÔ‡), 8) ÛÙËÓ ÚÔÛÙ·-Û›· Ù˘ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ ÎÔÈÏfiÙËÙ·˜ ¤Ó·ÓÙÈ ‚·ÎÙËÚ›ˆÓ, Ì˘Î‹-ÙˆÓ Î·È ÈÒÓ, ̤ۈ ·ÓÙÈÛˆÌ¿ÙˆÓ (΢ڛˆ˜ IgA), ÂÓ˙‡ÌˆÓ(Ï˘ÛÔ˙‡ÌË, Ï·ÎÙÔÊÂÚ›ÓË Î.Ï.), 9) ÛÙËÓ ÔÌÈÏ›·, Î·È Ù¤ÏÔ˜,10) ÛÙÔÓ ¤ÏÂÁ¯Ô Ù˘ ηÎÔÛÌ›·˜ ÙÔ˘ ÛÙfiÌ·ÙÔ˜4, 6, 8.OÈ Ê˘ÛÈÔÏÔÁÈΤ˜ ÙÈ̤˜ ÚÔ‹˜ ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ Û ÂÓ‹ÏÈΘ Ê·›-ÓÔÓÙ·È ÛÙÔÓ ¶›Ó·Î· 1. °ÂÓÈο, Ë ËÌÂÚ‹ÛÈ· ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ Û¿-ÏÈÔ˘ ÂÓfi˜ ˘ÁÈÔ‡˜ ÂÓ‹ÏÈη Î˘Ì·›ÓÂÙ·È ÌÂٷ͇ ÂÓfi˜ Ì Â-Ó¿ÌÈÛË Ï›ÙÚˆÓ (1 - 1,5L). ø˜ ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›· ÔÚ›˙ÂÙ·È Ë ·›-ÛıËÛË ÍËÚÔ‡ ÛÙfiÌ·ÙÔ˜ Ô˘ Û˘¯Ó¿ Û¯ÂÙ›˙ÂÙ·È ıÂÙÈο ÌÂÌ›ˆÛË Ù˘ ÛÈ·ÏÈ΋˜ ¤ÎÎÚÈÛ˘, ·ÏÏ¿ ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÂÌÊ·ÓÈ-ÛÙ› Î·È Û·Ó ÙÔ ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· ·ÏÏ·ÁÒÓ ÛÙËÓ ÔÈfiÙËÙ· ÙÔ˘

22

AÓ·ÛÎfiËÛË

ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 21-30, 2013

¶›Ó·Î·˜ 1

ºY™IO§O°IKE™ TIME™ POH™ TOY ™A§IOY6.

PÔ‹ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ ‰È¤ÁÂÚÛ˘ PÔ‹ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ ËÚÂÌ›·˜

º˘ÛÈÔÏÔÁÈ΋ 1-3 ml/min 0.25-0.35 ml/minX·ÌËÏ‹ 0.7-1 ml/min 0.1-0.25 ml/minK¿Ùˆ ·fi Ù· fiÚÈ· <0.7 ml/min <0.1 ml/min

¶›Ó·Î·˜ 2

¶POB§HMATA KAI E¶I¶§OKE™ TH™ •HPO™TOMIA™ ™TO ™TOMA5.

•HPO™TOMIA¶ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· EÈÏÔΤ˜

ñ •ËÚfi˜ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈÎfi˜ ‚ÏÂÓÓÔÁfiÓÔ˜ ñ ¢˘ÛÁÂ˘Û›·ñ ¢˘ÛÎÔÏ›· ÛÙËÓ Î·Ù¿ÔÛË Î·È ÙËÓ ÔÌÈÏ›· ñ M˘ÎËÙÈ¿ÛÂȘñ A›ÛıËÌ· η‡ÛÔ˘ ÛÙÔ ÛÙfiÌ· ñ ¢˘ÛÊ·Á›·ñ N˘¯ÙÂÚÈÓ‹ ‰˘ÛÊÔÚ›· ñ TÚ·˘Ì·ÙÈΤ˜ ‚Ï¿‚˜ ñ ¢È·Ù·Ú·¯‹ Á‡Û˘ ÙÔ˘ ÛÙfiÌ·ÙÔ˜ñ EÈÚÚ¤ÂÈ· Û ‰È¿ÊÔÚ˜ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈΤ˜ ñ •ËÚ¿ ¯Â›ÏË

ÌÔχÓÛÂȘ Î·È ÙÂÚˉfiÓ· ñ A˘ÍË̤ÓË Èı·ÓfiÙËÙ· ñ O˘Ï›Ùȉ· ÊÏÂÁÌÔÓ‹˜ ÙˆÓ ÈÛÙÒÓ ñ ¢˘ÛÔÛÌ›· ÛÙfiÌ·ÙÔ˜ ÙÔ˘ ÛÙfiÌ·ÙÔ˜

ñ MË ÈηÓÔÔÈËÙÈ΋ Û˘ÁÎÚ¿ÙËÛË ÔÏÈÎÒÓÔ‰ÔÓÙÔÛÙÔȯÈÒÓ

ñ ™ÙÔÌ·ÙÔÊ·Ú˘ÁÁÈ΋ ηÓÙÈÓÙ›·ÛË

Û¿ÏÈÔ˘, fiˆ˜ Â›Ó·È ÔÈ ¯ËÌÈΤ˜ ‹/Î·È ÎÔÏÏÒ‰ÂȘ/ÂÏ·ÛÙÈ-Τ˜ ȉÈfiÙËÙ¤˜ ÙÔ˘9, 10. H ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›· Â›Ó·È ¤Ó· Û˘¯Ófi ‡ÚËÌ· Û ¿ÙÔÌ· ÙÚ›Ù˘ËÏÈΛ·˜ Î·È ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÂÙ·È Î˘Ú›ˆ˜ ÛÙÔ ˘ÔÎÂÈÌÂÓÈÎfi ·›ÛıË-Ì· Ù˘ Ì›ˆÛ˘ Ù˘ ÚÔ‹˜ ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘. ™˘¯Ó¿, Ë Î·Ù¿ÛÙ·-ÛË ·˘Ù‹ ‰ÂÓ ·ÓÙ·Ó·ÎÏ¿ ÌÈ· Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÈ΋ Ì›ˆÛË Ù˘ÚÔ‹˜ ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘, ·ÏÏ¿ Ì¿ÏÏÔÓ ÌÈ· ·›ÛıËÛË ÛÙÂÁÓÔ‡ÛÙfiÌ·ÙÔ˜ Ô˘ ÙȘ ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ˜ ÊÔÚ¤˜ ‰ÂÓ ıÂڷ‡Â-Ù·È Û ÈηÓÔÔÈËÙÈÎfi ‚·ıÌfi. OÈ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ ·Ú¯Èο ÌÔÚ›ӷ ÌËÓ ·ÓÙÈÏËÊıÔ‡Ó ÙË Ì›ˆÛË ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘, ÂÎÙfi˜ ·Ó ÂÌ-Ê·ÓÈÛÙÔ‡Ó Î¿ÔȘ ·fi ÙȘ Û˘ÓÔ‰¤˜ ÂÈÏÔΤ˜ (¶›Ó. 2).™˘¯Ó¿ ·Ú·ÙËÚÂ›Ù·È Î˘Ú›ˆ˜ Ì›· ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈ΋ ·‡ÍËÛË Ù˘ÙÂÚˉÔÓÈ΋˜ ÚÔÛ‚ÔÏ‹˜, ȉȷÈÙ¤Úˆ˜ ÂÓÙÔÈṲ̂ÓË ÛÙÔ˘˜·˘¯¤Ó˜ ÙˆÓ ‰ÔÓÙÈÒÓ8.

KYPIOI ¶APA°ONTE™ ¶OY E¶HPEAZOYN TH POHTOY ™A§IOY

¢È¿ÊÔÚÔÈ ·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ˜ ÂËÚ¿˙Ô˘Ó ÙË ÚÔ‹ Î·È Û‡ÓıÂÛËÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘. K¿ÔÈÔÈ ·fi ·˘ÙÔ‡˜ Â›Ó·È Ë ÂÓ˘‰¿ÙˆÛË, Ë

ÛÙ¿ÛË ÙÔ˘ ÛÒÌ·ÙÔ˜, ÙÔ Î¿ÓÈÛÌ·, Ë Ï‹„Ë Ê·Ú-̿ΈÓ, ÙÔ ·ÏÎÔfiÏ, ÙÔ Ì¤ÁÂıÔ˜ ÙˆÓ ÛÈÂÏÔÁfiÓˆÓ ·-‰¤ÓˆÓ, Û˘ÛÙËÌ·ÙÈΤ˜ ÓfiÛÔÈ Î·È Ê˘ÛÈο Ë ËÏÈΛ·6. ¶ÈÔ ÂȉÈο ÛÙÔ˘˜ ËÏÈÎȈ̤ÓÔ˘˜, ÔÈ ÈÔ ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈ-ÎÔ› ·fi ·˘ÙÔ‡˜ Â›Ó·È ÔÈ ·ÎfiÏÔ˘ıÔÈ:

HÏÈΛ·M ÙËÓ ·‡ÍËÛË Ù˘ ËÏÈΛ·˜ ·Ú·ÙËÚÔ‡ÓÙ·È Î¿-ÔȘ ÈÛÙÔÏÔÁÈΤ˜ ·ÏÏ·Á¤˜ ÛÙÔ˘˜ ÛÈ·ÏÔÁfiÓÔ˘˜·‰¤Ó˜, fiˆ˜ Î·È Û ¿ÏÏ· ̤ÚË ÙÔ˘ ÛÒÌ·ÙÔ˜.¶ÈÔ Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ӷ, ÙÔ ·Ú¤Á¯˘Ì· ÙˆÓ ÛÈÂÏÔÁfi-ÓˆÓ ·‰¤ÓˆÓ ÛÙ·‰È·Î¿ ·ÓÙÈηı›ÛÙ·Ù·È ·fi ÏÈÒ-‰Ë Î·È Û˘Ó‰ÂÙÈÎfi ÈÛÙfi. øÛÙfiÛÔ, ‰ÂÓ ̆ ¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó Â-·Ú΋ ÛÙÔȯ›· ÛÙË ‰ÈÂıÓ‹ ‚È‚ÏÈÔÁÚ·Ê›· ·Ó·-ÊÔÚÈο Ì ÙËÓ Î·Ù¿ÛÙ·ÛË Ù˘ ÛÈ·ÏÈ΋˜ ÚÔ‹˜ Û¢ÁÈ›˜ ˘ÂÚ‹ÏÈΘ, ¤Ú· ·fi ÙË Ì›ˆÛË ÙÔ˘ Û¿-ÏÈÔ˘ ËÚÂÌ›·˜, Ì ÙÔ Û¿ÏÈÔ ‰È¤ÁÂÚÛ˘ Ó· ̤ÓÂÈÌ¿ÏÏÔÓ ·ÓÂËÚ¤·ÛÙÔ. TÔ Èı·ÓfiÙÂÚÔ Â›Ó·È ˆ˜Ë Ì›ˆÛË ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ Ô˘ ·Ú·ÙËÚÂ›Ù·È Û ·˘-Ù¤˜ ÙȘ ËÏÈ˘ Û¯ÂÙ›˙ÂÙ·È ÌÂ Û˘ÛÙËÌ·ÙÈΤ˜ Ófi-ÛÔ˘˜ Î·È Û˘¯Ó‹ ¯Ú‹ÛË Ê·Ú̿ΈÓ, ·Ú¿ ÛÙËÓÁ‹Ú·ÓÛË ·˘Ù‹ οı·˘Ù‹5, 6. ŒÙÛÈ, ·Ó Î·È ‰È·È-ÛÙÒıËΠˆ˜ ÙÔ Ì¤ÁÂıÔ˜ ÙˆÓ ÛÈÂÏÔÁfiÓˆÓ ·‰¤-ÓˆÓ, Î·È Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ӷ ÙˆÓ ˘ÔÁÏÒÛÛȈÓ, ÌÂÈÒ-ÓÂÙ·È Ì ÙËÓ ËÏÈΛ·10, ‰ÂÓ ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ Ì›ˆÛË ÛÙËÚÔ‹ ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ Ù˘ ·ÚˆÙ›‰·˜ ‹ ÙÔ˘ Û˘ÓÔÏÈÎÔ‡Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ Ì ÙËÓ ¿ÚÔ‰Ô Ù˘ ËÏÈΛ·˜ Û ηٿÛÙ·-ÛË ˘Á›·˜. °È· ÙÔ ÏfiÁÔ ·˘Ùfi, ı· ‹Ù·Ó Ï¿ıÔ˜ Ó··Ô‰›‰ÂÙ·È Ë ·ÚÔ˘Û›· ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·˜ ÂÓfi˜ ËÏÈ-ÎȈ̤ÓÔ˘ ·ÙfiÌÔ˘ ÛÙËÓ ËÏÈΛ· ÙÔ˘, ¯ˆÚ›˜ Ó· ‰ÈÂ-ÚÂ˘Ó¿Ù·È ÚÒÙ· Ë ÚˆÙÔÁÂÓ‹˜ ·ÈÙ›· ÙÔ˘ Ê·ÈÓÔ-̤ÓÔ˘10-12.

AÎÙÈÓÔıÂڷ›·H ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›· ·ÔÙÂÏ› ÙËÓ ÈÔ Û˘¯Ó‹ ÂÈÏÔ΋Û ¿ÙÔÌ· Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ˘Ô‚ÏËı› Û ·ÎÙÈÓÔıÂÚ·-›·13, ηıÒ˜ Ë ÈÔÓ›˙Ô˘Û· ·ÎÙÈÓÔ‚ÔÏ›· ÌÔÚ› Ó·ÙÚ·˘Ì·Ù›ÛÂÈ ÙÔ˘˜ Ì›˙ÔÓ˜ Î·È ÙÔ˘˜ ÂÏ¿ÛÛÔÓ˜ÛÈÂÏÔÁfiÓÔ˘˜ ·‰¤Ó˜, ÁÂÁÔÓfi˜ Ô˘ Â›Ó·È ‰˘Ó·-ÙfiÓ Ó· Ô‰ËÁ‹ÛÂÈ Û ·ÙÚÔÊ›· ÙˆÓ ÂÚȯÔ̤ӈÓÙˆÓ ÂÎÎÚÈÌ¿ÙˆÓ Î·È Ó· ¤¯ÂÈ ˆ˜ ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· ‰È·-

ÊfiÚÔ˘ ‚·ıÌÔ‡ ÌfiÓÈÌË ‹ ·ÚÔ‰È΋ ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·8, 10. ™˘Ó‹-ıˆ˜ ÔÈ ‰È¿ÊÔÚ˜ ÂÈÏÔΤ˜ Ù˘ ·ÎÙÈÓÔıÂڷ›·˜ (ÍËÚÔ-ÛÙÔÌ›· Û ·Ó¿·˘ÛË, ‰˘ÛÎÔϛ˜ ÛÙËÓ ÔÌÈÏ›·, ‰˘ÛÎÔÏ›·ÛÙË Ì¿ÛËÛË, ·‡ÍËÛË Û˘¯ÓfiÙËÙ·˜ ¯Ú‹Û˘ ˘ÔηٿÛÙ·-ÙˆÓ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘, ÌÂȈ̤ÓË ÔÈfiÙËÙ· ‡ÓÔ˘, Á‡Û˘ Î.Ï.) ˘-Ô¯ˆÚÔ‡Ó ÌÂÙ¿ ·fi οÔÈÔ ¯ÚÔÓÈÎfi ‰È¿ÛÙËÌ·, ÙÔ ÔÔ›ÔÂ›Ó·È ÂÚ›Ô˘ 41 ¤ˆ˜ 90 Ì‹Ó˜14. øÛÙfiÛÔ, ÙÔÓ›˙ÂÙ·È fiÙÈ ËÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›· Î·È ÔÈ ¿ÏϘ ÂÈÏÔΤ˜ Ù˘ ·ÎÙÈÓÔıÂڷ›-·˜ ÂËÚ¿˙Ô˘Ó ÙË ̇ ˆ‹ ÙˆÓ ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ ÁÈ· ÌÂÁ¿ÏÔ ̄ ÚÔÓÈÎfi‰È¿ÛÙËÌ·, ·ÎfiÌ· Î·È ÌÂÙ¿ ÙÔ Ù¤ÏÔ˜ Ù˘ ıÂڷ›·˜10, 14.

º¿Ú̷ηE›Ó·È Ë ÈÔ Û˘¯Ó‹ ·ÈÙ›· ·ÚÔ˘Û›·˜ ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·˜ Û ËÏÈ-ÎȈ̤ӷ ¿ÙÔÌ·5. T· ¿ÙÔÌ· ÙÚ›Ù˘ ËÏÈΛ·˜ Â›Ó·È Èı·ÓfiÙÂ-ÚÔ Ó· Ï·Ì‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó Ê¿Ú̷η, ÂÓÒ Â›Ó·È Î·È ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚÔ¢·ı‹ ÛÙȘ ·ÚÂÓ¤ÚÁÂȤ˜ ·˘ÙÒÓ Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ÙÔÓ ˘fi-ÏÔÈÔ ÏËı˘ÛÌfi5. Œ¯ÂÈ ‰È·ÈÛÙˆı› fiÙÈ Ù· ¿ÙÔÌ· ÙÚ›Ù˘ËÏÈΛ·˜ Ô˘ Ï·Ì‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó Ê·Ú̷΢ÙÈ΋ ·ÁˆÁ‹ ·Ó·Ê¤-ÚÔ˘Ó ÁÂÓÈο ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ· Û˘ÌÙÒÌ·Ù· Ô˘ Û¯ÂÙ›˙ÔÓÙ·ÈÌ ÙËÓ ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·, fiˆ˜ ·›ÛıËÛË ÍËÚfiÙËÙ·˜ ÙÔ˘ ÛÙfi-Ì·ÙÔ˜, η˘Û·ÏÁ›·, ‰›„· Î.¿. Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ¿ÙÔÌ· Ù˘ ›-

23

AÓ·ÛÎfiËÛË

ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 21-30, 2013

¶›Ó·Î·˜ 3

KATH°OPIE™ ºAPMAKøN ¶OY ™XETIZONTAI ME THN •HPO™TOMIA8.

K·ÙËÁÔڛ˜ Ê·ÚÌ¿ÎˆÓ AÛıÂÓ›˜ (%)

AÓÙÈÊÏÂÁÌÔÓÒ‰ÂȘ ·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ˜

™ÙÂÚÔÂȉ‹ 2,7MË ÛÙÂÚÔÂȉ‹ 1,3K·Ú‰È·ÁÁÂÈ·ÎÔ› ·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ˜

AÓÙȸÂÚÙ·ÛÈο 60K·Ú‰È·ÁÁÂȷο Ê¿Ú̷η 24YÔÏÈȉ·ÈÌÈÎÔ› ·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ˜ 4¶·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ˜ KN™

º¿Ú̷η ÁÈ· ÓfiÛÔ Alzheimer 1,3º¿Ú̷η ÁÈ· ÓfiÛÔ Parkinson 2,7AÓÙÈÂÈÏËÙÈο 2,7AÓ·ÏÁËÙÈο 1,3AÓÙÈηٷıÏÈÙÈο 5,3AÁ¯ÔÏ˘ÙÈο 6,7¶·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ˜ Á·ÛÙÚÂÓÙÂÚÈÎÔ‡ Û˘ÛÙ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜

º¿Ú̷η ÁÈ· Á·ÛÙÚ›Ùȉ· 10,7AÓÙÈÂÌÂÙÈο 1,3AÓÙÈ-·ÏÏÂÚÁÈÎÔ› Î·È ·Ó·Ó¢ÛÙÈÎÔ› ·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ˜

AÓÙÈÈÛÙ·ÌÈÓÈο 1,3AÓÙÈ·ÛıÌ·ÙÈο 1,3¢È¿ÊÔÚ·

£˘ÚÂÔÂȉÈο 6,7OÚÌÔÓÈο 1,3YÔÁÏ˘Î·ÈÌÈο 8BÈٷ̛Ә 13,3º¿Ú̷η ÁÈ· ÁÏ·‡ÎˆÌ· 8AÓÙÈËÎÙÈο 20

‰È·˜ ËÏÈÎȷ΋˜ ÔÌ¿‰·˜ Ô˘ ‰ÂÓ Ï·Ì‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó Î¿ÔÈ· Ê·Ú-̷΢ÙÈ΋ ·ÁˆÁ‹10. K·Ù¿ Û˘Ó¤ÂÈ· Ê·›ÓÂÙ·È fiÙÈ Ë Ï‹„ËÊ·ÚÌ¿ÎˆÓ ·˘Í¿ÓÂÈ ÙËÓ Èı·ÓfiÙËÙ· ¤Ó· ÁËÚ·Èfi ¿ÙÔÌÔ Ó··ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿ÛÂÈ ÛËÌ›· Î·È Û˘ÌÙÒÌ·Ù· Ô˘ Û¯ÂÙ›˙ÔÓÙ·ÈÌ ÙËÓ ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·10.X·Ú·ÎÙËÚÈÛÙÈο ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÂÙ·È fiÙÈ ¿Óˆ ·fi 400 Ê¿ÚÌ·-η ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÂÌÊ·Ó›ÛÔ˘Ó ˆ˜ ·ÚÂÓ¤ÚÁÂÈ· ÙËÓ ÍËÚÔ-ÛÙÔÌ›·5, 8 (¶›Ó. 3).

H ÙÂÚˉfiÓ· ÛÙËÓ ÙÚ›ÙË ËÏÈΛ·H Á‹Ú·ÓÛË ÂËÚ¿˙ÂÈ Î·È ÙÔ˘˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈÎÔ‡˜ ÈÛÙÔ‡˜. H·‰·Ì·ÓÙ›ÓË ·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿˙ÂÙ·È ÏÈÁfiÙÂÚÔ ÂÓ˘‰·ÙˆÌ¤ÓË Î·ÈÙÔ ¿¯Ô˜ Ù˘ ÌÂÈÒÓÂÙ·È ·fi ÙËÓ aÔÙÚÈ‚‹ Î·È ÙË ÊıÔ-Ú¿ Ô˘ ˘Ê›ÛÙ·Ù·È Ì ÙÔ ¯ÚfiÓÔ. H Ô‰ÔÓÙ›ÓË ÂÂÎÙ›ÓÂ-Ù·È ÛÙÔ Ì˘ÏÈÎfi ı¿Ï·ÌÔ, ηıÒ˜ ·Ú·ÙËÚÂ›Ù·È ‰ËÌÈÔ˘Ú-Á›· ‰Â˘ÙÂÚÔÁÂÓÔ‡˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›Ó˘. E›Û˘, Ù· Ô‰ÔÓÙÈÓÔ-ÛˆÏËÓ¿ÚÈ· ÌÈÎÚ·›ÓÔ˘Ó Û ‰È¿ÌÂÙÚÔ ‹ ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÂÍ·-Ê·ÓÈÛÙÔ‡Ó Î·È ÙÂÏ›ˆ˜. T¤ÏÔ˜, Ù· ·ÁÁ›· Î·È Ù· Ó‡ڷÙÔ˘ ÔÏÊÔ‡ ÂÍ·ÛıÂÓÔ‡Ó. OÈ ·ÏÏ·Á¤˜ ·˘Ù¤˜ οÓÔ˘Ó Ù·‰fiÓÙÈ· ÈÔ Â‡ıÚ·˘ÛÙ·, ÏÈÁfiÙÂÚÔ ÂÏ·ÛÙÈο Î·È ÈÔÛÎÔ‡Ú· ÛÙÔ ¯ÚÒÌ·15. XˆÚ›˜ ÈηӋ ÔÛfiÙËÙ· Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ÁÈ· Ó· ·ÔηٷÛÙ‹ÛÂÈ ÙÔ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈÎfi pH Î·È Ó· Ú˘ıÌ›-ÛÂÈ ÙÔÓ ‚·ÎÙËÚÈ·Îfi ÏËı˘ÛÌfi, ÙÔ ÛÙfiÌ· ·ÔÈΛ˙ÂÙ·ÈÁÚ‹ÁÔÚ· ·fi ÌÈÎÚÔÔÚÁ·ÓÈÛÌÔ‡˜ Ô˘ ÚÔηÏÔ‡Ó ÙÂ-ÚˉfiÓ·5. ŸÛÔ ÌÈÎÚfiÙÂÚË Â›Ó·È Ë ÛÈ·ÏÈ΋ ÚÔ‹, ÙfiÛÔ ÌÂ-Á·Ï‡ÙÂÚË Ë ·ÒÏÂÈ· ÌÂÙ¿ÏÏˆÓ ·fi ÙÔ˘˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈÎÔ‡˜ È-ÛÙÔ‡˜ Î·È ÙfiÛÔ ÌÂÁ·Ï‡ÙÂÚË Ë Èı·ÓfiÙËÙ· ÙÂÚˉÔÓÈ-΋˜ ÚÔÛ‚ÔÏ‹˜16.H ·ÚÈ· ÌÔÚÊ‹ ÙÂÚˉfiÓ·˜ ÛÙÔ˘˜ ËÏÈΈ̤ÓÔ˘˜ Â›Ó·È Ë

ÙÂÚˉfiÓ· Ù˘ Ú›˙·˜. ¶·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿˙ÂÙ·È ÛÙË Ú›˙· ÙÔ˘ ‰Ô-ÓÙÈÔ‡ Î·È Û ÔÛÔÛÙfi 93% ÙˆÓ ·ÙfiÌˆÓ ¿Óˆ ÙˆÓ 65 Â-ÙÒÓ17, 18. ø˜ ÚˆÙÔÁÂÓ‹˜ ÔÚ›˙ÂÙ·È Ë ÙÂÚˉfiÓ· Ú›˙·˜Ô˘ ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙ÂÙ·È Û ·Ô˘Û›· ·ÔηٿÛÙ·Û˘ (ÂÈÎ. 1)ÂÓÒ ̂ ˜ ‰Â˘ÙÂÚÔÁÂÓ‹˜ fiÙ·Ó ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙ÂÙ·È ‰›Ï· ·fi Ì›·˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Û· ·ÔηٿÛÙ·ÛË18 (ÂÈÎ. 2). H ı¤ÛË Ù˘ ÙÂÚË-‰fiÓ·˜ Ú›˙·˜ ¤¯ÂÈ Û˘Û¯ÂÙÈÛı› ıÂÙÈο Ì ÙËÓ ËÏÈΛ· ηÈÙËÓ ˘Ô¯ÒÚËÛË ÙˆÓ Ô‡ÏˆÓ Ô˘ Ô‰ËÁ› Û ¤ÎıÂÛË Ù˘ÂÈÊ¿ÓÂÈ·˜ Ù˘ Ú›˙·˜ ÛÙË ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋ ÎÔÈÏfiÙËÙ·17, 18

(ÂÈÎ. 3).H ·ÈÙÈÔÏÔÁ›· Ù˘ ÙÂÚˉfiÓ·˜ Ú›˙·˜ Â›Ó·È ÔÏ˘·Ú·ÁÔ-ÓÙÈ΋. OÈ ·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ˜ ÎÈÓ‰‡ÓÔ˘ Ô˘ Û˘Ó‰¤ÔÓÙ·È Ì ÙÔÓ˘„ËÏfi ÂÈÔÏ·ÛÌfi Ù˘ ÛÙËÓ ÙÚ›ÙË ËÏÈΛ·, ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿-ÓÔ˘Ó ÙË Ì›ˆÛË Ù˘ ÚÔ‹˜ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ ‹ ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›· Î·È ÙËÓ·ÎfiÏÔ˘ıË ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ›· fiÍÈÓÔ˘ ÂÚÈ‚¿ÏÏÔÓÙÔ˜, ÙËÓ¤ÎıÂÛË ÙˆÓ ÂÈÊ·ÓÂÈÒÓ Ù˘ Ú›˙·˜ ÛÙÔ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈÎfi ÂÚÈ-‚¿ÏÏÔÓ ÏfiÁˆ Ù˘ ÂÚÈÔ‰ÔÓÙ›Ùȉ·˜, ‰È¿ÊÔÚ˜ ¯ÚfiÓȘ·ı‹ÛÂȘ, ÙËÓ Èı·Ó‹ ·ÎÙÈÓÔıÂڷ›· ÛÙËÓ ÂÚÈÔ¯‹ÎÂÊ·Ï‹˜ Î·È ÙÚ·¯‹ÏÔ˘, ¿ÏÏÔ˘˜ Ê˘ÛÈÎÔ‡˜ ÂÚÈÔÚÈ-ÛÌÔ‡˜, ÙË ÌÂȈ̤ÓË ÈηÓfiÙËÙ· ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ ˘ÁÈÂÈÓ‹˜(.¯. ÏfiÁˆ ÂÁÎÂÊ·ÏÈÎÔ‡ ÂÂÈÛÔ‰›Ô˘, ·ÚıÚ›Ùȉ·˜, ‹ Ófi-ÛÔ˘ ÙÔ˘ Parkinson), ÁÓˆÛÙÈο ÂÏÏ›ÌÌ·Ù· (.¯. ÏfiÁˆ„˘¯È΋˜ ·Ûı¤ÓÂÈ·˜, ηٿıÏȄ˘, ·Ûı¤ÓÂÈ·˜ Ù‡Ô˘Alzheimer ‹ ¿ÓÔÈ·˜), ‡·Ú͢ Û˘Ó‰ÚfiÌÔ˘ Sjögren(·˘ÙÔ¿ÓÔÛË ÓfiÛÔ˜), ÙË ÓfiÛËÛË ·fi ۷ί·ÚÒ‰Ë ‰È·-‚‹ÙË, ÙËÓ Î·Î‹ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋ ˘ÁÈÂÈÓ‹ Î·È ÙËÓ ‡·ÚÍË ·-Ï·ÈÒÓ Î·ÎfiÙÂ¯ÓˆÓ ÚÔÛıÂÙÈÎÒÓ ÂÚÁ·ÛÈÒÓ (ÂÈÎ. 4), ÙËÓ¯Ú‹ÛË ÔÏÏÒÓ Ê·ÚÌ¿ÎˆÓ Î·È Ù¤ÏÔ˜, ÙȘ ·ÏÏ·Á¤˜ ÛÙȘ‰È·ÙÚÔÊÈΤ˜ Û˘Ó‹ıÂȘ17-19.

EÈÎ. 3: E·Ó·ÙÂÚˉÔÓÈÛÌfi˜ ÛÙËÓ ·˘¯ÂÓÈ΋ ·ÔηٿÛÙ·ÛË ÙÔ˘ 47Î·È ˘ÊÈ˙‹ÛÂȘ Ô‡ÏˆÓ Û ‰fiÓÙÈ· ÙfiÛÔ ÙÔ˘ ¿Óˆ fiÛÔ Î·È ÙÔ˘ οو Ô‰ÔÓÙÈÎÔ‡ ÊÚ·ÁÌÔ‡ Ô˘ ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡Ó ‰˘ÓËÙÈο ı¤ÛÂȘ ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ›·˜Ó¤ˆÓ ÙÂÚˉÔÓÈÎÒÓ ‚Ï·‚ÒÓ.

EÈÎ. 4: °˘Ó·›Î· ËÏÈΛ·˜ 84 ÂÙÒÓ, Ì ÂÎÙÂٷ̤ÓË Óˆ‰fiÙËÙ·ÛÙËÓ Î¿Ùˆ ÁÓ¿ıÔ, Î·È ÙÂÚˉfiÓ˜ Ú›˙·˜ ÙfiÛÔ ÛÙ· Ê˘ÛÈο ‰fiÓÙÈ·fiÛÔ Î·È ÛÙ· fiÚÈ· ·Ï·ÈÒÓ ÚÔÛıÂÙÈÎÒÓ ÂÚÁ·ÛÈÒÓ.

24

AÓ·ÛÎfiËÛË

ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: xx-xx, 2013

EÈÎ. 1: ¶ÚˆÙÔÁÂÓ‹˜ ÙÂÚˉfiÓ· Ú›˙·˜ Û ÁËÚÔ‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi ·ÛıÂÓ‹ EÈÎ. 2: ¢Â˘ÙÂÚÔÁÂÓ‹˜ ÙÂÚˉfiÓ· Ú›˙·˜ Û ÁËÚÔ‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi ·ÛıÂÓ‹

AÏÏ·Á¤˜ ÛÙÔ ÌÈÎÚÔ‚È·Îfi ÏËı˘ÛÌfi ÙÔ˘ ÛÙfiÌ·ÙÔ˜ ÙˆÓËÏÈÎȈ̤ӈӢȿÊÔÚ˜ ÌÂϤÙ˜ ‰Â›¯ÓÔ˘Ó fiÙÈ Ë ÌÈÎÚԯψڛ‰· ÙÔ˘ÛÙfiÌ·ÙÔ˜ ÌÔÚ› Ó· ·ÏÏ¿ÍÂÈ Ì ÙËÓ ¿ÚÔ‰Ô Ù˘ ËÏÈΛ·˜,Èı·ÓÒ˜ ÏfiÁˆ ÂÍ·Ûı¤ÓËÛ˘ Ù˘ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›·˜ ÙÔ˘ ·ÓÔ-ÛÔÔÈËÙÈÎÔ‡ Û˘ÛÙ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ Î·È ÙÔÓ Â·ÎfiÏÔ˘ıÔ ·ÔÈÎÈ-ÛÌfi Ì ›‰Ë ‚·ÎÙËÚ›ˆÓ Ù· ÔÔ›· Ê˘ÛÈÔÏÔÁÈο ‰ÂÓ ‚Ú›-ÛÎÔÓÙ·È ÛÙË ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋ ÎÔÈÏfiÙËÙ·, fiˆ˜ ÔÈ ÛÙ·Ê˘ÏfiÎÔÎ-ÎÔÈ Î·È Ù· ÂÓÙÂÚÔ‚·ÎÙËÚ›‰È·20. ÕÏϘ Û˘Ó¤ÂȘ, ÂÍ·ÈÙ›·˜ÙˆÓ ·Ú·¿Óˆ ·ÏÏ·ÁÒÓ ÛÙÔ ÌÈÎÚÔ‚È·Îfi ÏËı˘ÛÌfi η-Ù¿ ÙË Á‹Ú·ÓÛË, fiˆ˜ ÌÈ· ·‡ÍËÛË ÛÙÔÓ ·ÔÈÎÈÛÌfi ·fi˙‡Ì˜, Û¯ÂÙ›˙ÔÓÙ·È Ì οÔÈ· Ì·ÎÚÔ¯ÚfiÓÈ· Ê·Ú̷΢ÙÈ-

΋ ·ÁˆÁ‹, ÌÂȈ̤ÓÔ Ú˘ıÌfi ÚÔ‹˜ ÛȤÏÔ˘ Î·È ¯Ú‹ÛË Ô‰Ô-ÓÙÔÛÙÔȯÈÒÓ20.E› ÙÔ˘ ·ÚfiÓÙÔ˜, ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È ÔÏÏ¿ ÁÓˆÛÙ¿ Û¯ÂÙÈο ÌÂÙËÓ ·ÈÙÈÔÏÔÁ›· Ù˘ ÙÂÚˉfiÓ·˜ Ú›˙·˜ ÛÙÔ˘˜ ËÏÈÎȈ̤ÓÔ˘˜Î·È ‰ÂÓ ̆ ¿Ú¯ÂÈ ÔÌÔʈӛ· ̂ ˜ ÚÔ˜ Ù· ÌÈÎÚfi‚È· Ù· ÔÔ›·ı· ÌÔÚÔ‡Û·Ó Ó· ÚÔηϤÛÔ˘Ó ÙȘ ‚Ï¿‚˜ ·˘Ù¤˜. ø-ÛÙfiÛÔ ¤¯ÂÈ ‚ÚÂı› fiÙÈ ÔÈ Firmicutes Â›Ó·È Ë Î˘Ú›·Ú¯Ë Ê˘-ÏÔÁÂÓÂÙÈ΋ ÔÌ¿‰· ÌÈÎÚÔÔÚÁ·ÓÈÛÌÒÓ ÛÙËÓ ÙÂÚˉfiÓ· Ù˘ڛ˙·˜ ÙÔ˘ ‰ÔÓÙÈÔ‡. E›Û˘, ·Ó¢ڛÛÎÔÓÙ·È Î·È ¿ÏÏ· ›‰Ëfiˆ˜ ÔÈ Veillonella (20%), ÔÈ Selenomonas (20%), ÔÈStreptococcus (12%), Actinomyces (4,2%) Î·È Á·Ï·ÎÙÔ-‚¿ÎÈÏÏÔÈ (2%)20.

TE™T ™A§IOY

H ·›ÛıËÛË ÍËÚfiÙËÙ·˜ ÌÔ-Ú› Ó· Û˘Ó‰˘¿˙ÂÙ·È (‹ Î·È fi-¯È) Ì ÌÂȈ̤ÓË ÔÛfiÙËÙ·ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘16. E›Û˘, Ë Ì¤-ÙÚËÛË Ù˘ ÚÔ‹˜ ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘Â›Ó·È ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈ΋ ÛÙË ‰È¿ÁÓˆ-ÛË Ù˘¯fiÓ ˘ÔÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›·˜ÙˆÓ ÛÈ·ÏÔÁfiÓˆÓ ·‰¤ÓˆÓÔ˘ Ô‰ËÁÔ‡Ó Û ÍËÚÔÛÙÔ-Ì›·7. °È· ·˘ÙÔ‡˜ ÙÔ˘˜ Ïfi-ÁÔ˘˜, ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ Ë ·Ó¿ÁÎ˯ڋÛ˘ ÂÓfi˜ ÙÂÛÙ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ÛÙÔ È·ÙÚÂ›Ô Ô˘ Ó· ÚÔÛ‰ÈÔ-Ú›˙ÂÈ ÙËÓ Ú˘ıÌÈÛÙÈ΋ ÈηÓfi-ÙËÙ· ÙfiÛÔ ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ ËÚÂ-Ì›·˜ fiÛÔ Î·È ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ ‰È¤-ÁÂÚÛ˘ Î·È Ó· Â›Ó·È Â‡ÎÔÏÔÛÙË ̄ Ú‹ÛË ÙÔ˘21 (ÂÈÎ. 5·, 5‚).ŒÓ· ÙÂÛÙ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ ÌÔÚ› Ó·‚ÔËı‹ÛÂÈ ÛÙÔÓ ÚÔÛ‰ÈÔÚÈ-ÛÌfi ÂÓfi˜ ‹ ÂÚÈÛÛÔÙ¤ÚˆÓ·fi Ù· ·Ú·Î¿Ùˆ ¯·Ú·ÎÙË-ÚÈÛÙÈο: 1) Û‡ÛÙ·ÛË ÙÔ˘ Û¿-ÏÈÔ˘, 2) pH Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ ËÚÂÌ›·˜,3) ÚÔ‹ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ Û ηٿÛÙ·-ÛË ËÚÂÌ›·˜, 4) ÚÔ‹ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘Û ηٿÛÙ·ÛË ‰È¤ÁÂÚÛ˘,5) Ú˘ıÌÈÛÙÈ΋ ÈηÓfiÙËÙ· Û¿-ÏÈÔ˘, 6) ÚÔÛ‰ÈÔÚÈÛÌfi ÙÔ˘

25

AÓ·ÛÎfiËÛË

EÈÎ. 5·-5‚: EÌÔÚÈÎfi Û··ÛÌ· ÂϤÁ¯Ô˘ ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ (Saliva check, GC). ·. TÔ ÂÚȯfiÌÂÓÔ Ù˘ Û˘Û΢·Û›·˜ ÁÈ· ÙË Û˘ÏÏÔÁ‹ Î·È ÙÔÓ ¤ÏÂÁ¯Ô ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘. ‚. MÂÌÔӈ̤ÓË Û˘Û΢·Û›· Ì›·˜ ¯Ú‹Û˘ ·Ó¿ ¤ÏÂÁ¯Ô.

¶›Ó·Î·˜ 4

EN¢EIKTIKA ¶PO´ONTA Y¶OKATA™TATøN ™A§IOY KAI ENA™BE™TIø™H™ TøNO¢ONTIKøN I™TøN

¶ÚÔ˚fiÓÙ· ηٿ Ù˘ ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·˜

YÔηٿÛٷٷ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ Xerodent (gel) bioXtra (spray, gel)Î·È ÏÈ·ÓÙÈο ÚÔ˚fiÓÙ· (Froika) (bioXtra)

Biotene Oral Balance Unimoist (liquid, spray, (gel), (Biotene) gel) (Intermed)

TÛ›¯Ï˜ Miradent Xylitol, M·ÛÙ›¯· X›Ô˘(Euromed)

™ÙÔÌ·ÙÈο ‰È·Ï‡Ì·Ù· Xerodent (Froika) bioXtra (bioXtra)Unimoist, Chlorhexil-F Duraphat

(Intermed) (Colgate)PlakOut daily (Omega FroiPlak Fluor (Froika)

Pharma Hellas)

O‰ÔÓÙfiÎÚÂ̘ Xerodent toothpaste Duraphat 5000 (Froika) (Colgate)

bioxtra Toothpaste Unimoist Toothpaste, (bioXtra) Chlorhexil-F Toothpaste

(InterMed)Curaprox Enzycal Elgidium Decay

(Curaprox Oral Care) protection (Piere Fabre Oral Care)

EÓ·Û‚ÂÛÙȈÙÈÎÔ› TÔÔth Mousse, Tooth Enamelast (Ultradent)·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ˜ Mouse MI Paste (GC)

ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 21-30, 2013

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ÌÈÎÚÔ‚È·ÎÔ‡ ÊÔÚÙ›Ô˘22. EӉ›ÍÂȘ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹˜ ÂÓfi˜ Ù¤ÙÔÈÔ˘ ÙÂÛÙ ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡Ó Î·-Ù·ÛÙ¿ÛÂȘ Ô˘ ÚÔ·ÙÔ˘Ó ·fi ÙÔ ÈÛÙÔÚÈÎfi ÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂ-Ó‹, fiˆ˜ Ë Û˘ÛÙËÌ·ÙÈ΋ Ï‹„Ë Ê·Ú̿ΈÓ, Ë ·Ó·ÊÔÚ¿ÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂÓ‹ ÁÈ· ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·, ÔÈ ÎÏÈÓÈΤ˜ ÂӉ›ÍÂȘ ÍËÚÔ-ÛÙÔÌ›·˜ Î.¿.21

O Ú˘ıÌfi˜ ÚÔ‹˜ ËÚÂÌ›·˜ ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÚÔÛ‰ÈÔÚÈÛı› Ì ÙËӷڷοو ‰È·‰Èηۛ· ÛÙÔ È·ÙÚ›Ô: Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÔÔÈ›ٷÈÛÙ¤Áӈ̷ ÛÙÔ ‚ÏÂÓÓÔÁfiÓÔ ÙÔ˘ οو ̄ ›ÏÔ˘˜ Ì Á¿˙· ηÈÛÙË Û˘Ó¤¯ÂÈ· ·Ó·Ì¤ÓÂÙ·È Ô ̄ ÚfiÓÔ˜ Ô˘ ı· ̄ ÚÂÈ·Ûı› ÁÈ·Ó· ·Ú·ÙËÚËı› ÛÙ·ÁÔÓ›‰ÈÔ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘. XÚfiÓÔ˜ ¿Óˆ ÙˆÓ 60sec ˘Ô‰ÂÈÎÓ‡ÂÈ ÌÂȈ̤ÓË ÚÔ‹ ÛÈ¿ÏÔ˘ ËÚÂÌ›·˜. H ̤ıÔ-‰Ô˜ ·˘Ù‹ ¤¯ÂÈ ÙÔ ÌÂÈÔÓ¤ÎÙËÌ· ˆ˜ ·ÔÙÂÏ› ·˘ı·›ÚÂÙËÂÎÙ›ÌËÛË Î·È ‰ÂÓ ‚·Û›˙ÂÙ·È Û ÔÛÔÙÈο ‰Â‰Ô̤ӷ22.°È· ÙÔÓ ÚÔÛ‰ÈÔÚÈÛÌfi ÙÔ˘ Ú˘ıÌÔ‡ ÚÔ‹˜ ‰È¤ÁÂÚÛ˘ ·ÎÔ-ÏÔ˘ıÂ›Ù·È Ë ·Ú·Î¿Ùˆ ‰È·‰Èηۛ·: O ·ÛıÂÓ‹˜ ‰ÂÓ ÙÚÒÂÈÎ·È ‰ÂÓ Î·Ó›˙ÂÈ Ì›· ÒÚ· ÚÈÓ, ¤ÂÈÙ·, ̤ÓÔÓÙ·˜ ηıÈ-ÛÙfi˜ ÛÙËÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ηڤÎÏ· Ì·Û¿ÂÈ ¤Ó· ÎÔÌÌ¿ÙÈ·Ú·Ê›Ó˘ ÁÈ· 30 ‰Â˘ÙÂÚfiÏÂÙ· Î·È ÊÙ‡ÓÂÈ ÙÔ Û¿ÏÈÔ. ™˘-Ó¯›˙ÂÈ ÙÔ Ì¿ÛËÌ· ÁÈ· 5 ÏÂÙ¿, Û˘ÏϤÁÔÓÙ·˜ Û ÔÁÎÔÌÂ-ÙÚÈÎfi ÊÈ·Ï›‰ÈÔ ÙÔ Û¿ÏÈÔ Ô˘ Û˘ÛÛˆÚ‡ÂÙ·È ÛÙÔ ÛÙfiÌ·ÙÔ˘, ·fi ÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô ˘ÔÏÔÁ›˙ÂÙ·È Ô Ú˘ıÌfi˜ ÚÔ‹˜ ÛÂml/min23.H Ú˘ıÌÈÛÙÈ΋ ÈηÓfiÙËÙ· ÌÂÙÚ¿Ù·È ¿ÌÂÛ· Î·È ¤ÌÌÂÛ·:ÕÌÂÛ· Ì ÙË ¯Ú‹ÛË ‰ÂÈÎÙÒÓ Ô˘ ΢ÎÏÔÊÔÚÔ‡Ó ÛÙÔ Â-ÌfiÚÈÔ Î·È ÌÂÙÚÔ‡Ó ÙË Û˘ÁΤÓÙÚˆÛË ÙˆÓ Î·Ú‚ÔÓÈÎÒÓ Ô-ͤˆÓ, Ô˘ ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡Ó ÙÔÓ ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈÎfiÙÂÚÔ ·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ·Ú‡ıÌÈÛ˘ ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘. ŒÌÌÂÛ· ̤ۈ ÙÔ˘ pH, Ì ÂȉÈΤ˜ÂÌÔÙÈṲ̂Ó˜ Ù·Èӛ˜, ηıÒ˜ fiÍÈÓÔ pH ‰ËÏÒÓÂÈ ¯·ÌËÏ‹Ú˘ıÌÈÛÙÈ΋ ÈηÓfiÙËÙ·23.¶·Ú¿ ÙÔÓ ·‰È·ÌÊÈÛ‚‹ÙËÙÔ ÚfiÏÔ ÙÔ˘ S. Mutans ÛÙËÓ ·-Ó¿Ù˘ÍË ÙÂÚˉfiÓ·˜, Ô ÔÛÔÙÈÎfi˜ ÚÔÛ‰ÈÔÚÈÛÌfi˜ ÙÔ˘ÛÙÔ Û¿ÏÈÔ ¤¯ÂÈ ÌÈÎÚ‹ ‰È·ÁÓˆÛÙÈ΋ ·Í›·. O ·ÚÈÔ˜ ÏfiÁÔ˜ÁÈ· ·˘Ùfi Â›Ó·È ÙÔ ÁÂÁÔÓfi˜ ˆ˜ Ë Î·Ù·Ì¤ÙÚËÛË ÙÔ˘ Û˘ÓÔ-ÏÈÎÔ‡ ·ÚÈıÌÔ‡ ÙˆÓ ÌÈÎÚÔ‚›ˆÓ ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ ‰ÂÓ ÂÎÊÚ¿˙ÂÈÎ·È ÙÔÓ ·ÚÈıÌfi ÙÔ˘˜ Ô˘ ·ÔÈΛ˙ÂÈ ÔÚÈṲ̂Ó˜ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜.K˘ÎÏÔÊÔÚÔ‡Ó ÛÙÔ ÂÌfiÚÈÔ Û˘ÛÙ‹Ì·Ù· Ô˘ ̤ۈ ÙË˜Û˘ÏÏÔÁ‹˜ ‰Â›ÁÌ·ÙÔ˜ ·fi ÙÔ ÛÙfiÌ· ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ÚÔÛ-‰ÈÔÚ›ÛÔ˘Ó ÙÔÓ ·ÚÈıÌfi ÙˆÓ S. Mutans, ÙˆÓ Á·Ï·ÎÙÔ‚¿ÎÈÏ-ÏˆÓ Î·È ÙÔ˘ ÂÓ˙‡ÌÔ˘ Á·Ï·ÎÙÈ΋ ·Ê˘‰ÚÔÁÔÓ¿ÛË ·˘ÙÒÓÙˆÓ ÌÈÎÚÔ‚›ˆÓ, Ù· ÔÔ›· ÈÛÙÔÔÈÔ‡Ó Û ÈηÓÔÔÈËÙÈÎfi‚·ıÌfi ÛÙfiÌ·Ù· Ì ¯·ÌËÏfi ‰˘Ó·ÌÈÎfi ÌÈÎÚÔ‚›ˆÓ23.

ANTIMETø¶I™H •HPO™TOMIA™ KAI TEPH¢ONA™™THN TPITH H§IKIA

AÚ¯Èο Â›Ó·È ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈÎfi Ó· Á›ÓÂÈ Û·Ê‹˜ ÙÂÎÌËÚ›ˆÛË Ù˘ ̆ -ÊÈÛÙ¿ÌÂÓ˘ ‹ fi¯È ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·˜. ™ÙÔ ÛËÌÂ›Ô ·˘Ùfi ÌÔÚÔ‡ÓÓ· ̄ ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈËıÔ‡Ó Î¿ÔÈ· ·fi Ù· ÚÔ·Ó·ÊÂÚfiÌÂÓ· ÙÂ-ÛÙ ÂϤÁ¯Ô˘ ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘. ™ÙË Û˘Ó¤¯ÂÈ· Î·È ÂÊfiÛÔÓ ÂÎÙÈÌË-ı› fiÙÈ ˘Ê›ÛÙ·Ù·È ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·, Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Á›ÓÂÈ ‰È¿ÁÓˆÛËÙ˘ ˘ÊÈÛÙ¿ÌÂÓ˘ ‚ÈÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ·ÈÙ›·˜ Ô˘ ˘ÔÎÚ‡ÙÂÙ·È. ™Â Ú·ÎÙÈÎfi ›‰Ô, Ë ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›· ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÂÏÂÁ¯ı›Ì ·ÏÏ·Á‹ Ù˘ ‰›·ÈÙ·˜, Ì ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ ˘ÔηٿÛٷوÓÛ¿ÏÈÔ˘, ‰È·ÊfiÚˆÓ ÏÈ·ÓÙÈÎÒÓ Ô˘Û›ˆÓ, ÚÔ˚fiÓÙˆÓ Ô˘‰ÈÂÁ›ÚÔ˘Ó ÙËÓ ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ ‹ ·ÎfiÌË Î·È Ê·ÚÌ¿-ÎˆÓ Ô˘ ·Ó‹ÎÔ˘Ó ÛÙËÓ Î·ÙËÁÔÚ›· ÙˆÓ ̄ ÔÏÈÓÂÚÁÈÎÒÓ8. T·Ê¿Ú̷η ·˘Ù¿ ÌÈÌÔ‡ÓÙ·È ÙË ‰Ú¿ÛË Ù˘ ·ÎÂÙ˘ÏÔ¯ÔÏ›Ó˘(¯ÔÏÈÓÂÚÁÈÎÔ› ·ÁˆÓÈÛÙ¤˜) Î·È ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›· ¤¯ÂÈ

¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈËı› Ë ÈÏÔηڛÓË, Ë ÔÔ›· ·ÔÙÂÏ› Ì›· ·-fi ÙȘ ÈÔ ‰Ú·ÛÙÈΤ˜ Ô˘Û›Â˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ·‡ÍËÛË ÙˆÓ ÛÈ·ÏÈ-ÎÒÓ ÂÎÎÚ›ÛˆÓ24. øÛÙfiÛÔ, Ù· Ê¿Ú̷η ·˘Ù¿ ı· Ú¤ÂÈÓ· ̄ ÔÚËÁÔ‡ÓÙ·È Ì ÚÔÛÔ¯‹ Î·È fi¯È Û ¿ÙÔÌ· Ì ηډȷ-ο ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù·8. ™Ù· ˘ÔηٿÛٷٷ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ Û˘ÌÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÂÙ·È ÙÔ ÙÂ-¯ÓËÙfi Û¿ÏÈÔ, ÛÙȘ ÏÈ·ÓÙÈΤ˜ Ô˘Û›Â˜ ‰È¿ÊÔÚ· ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈο‰È·Ï‡Ì·Ù· (¯ˆÚ›˜ ·ÏÎÔfiÏ), ÛÚ¤˘ Î·È Á¤Ï˜ ÁÈ· ÂÊ·Ú-ÌÔÁ‹ ÛÙÔ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈÎfi ‚ÏÂÓÓÔÁfiÓÔ (¶›Ó. 4). E›Û˘ ÚÔÙ›-ÓÂÙ·È Ë Ì¿ÛËÛË ÙÛ›¯Ï·˜ ̄ ˆÚ›˜ ̇ ¿¯·ÚË, ·ÏÏ¿ Ì ͢ÏÈÙfiÏËÁÈ· ÚÔÛÙ·Û›· ·fi ÙËÓ ÚfiÎÏËÛË ÙÂÚˉfiÓ·˜8. EÈϤÔÓË Í˘ÏÈÙfiÏË ÌÂÈÒÓÂÈ ÙË ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ›· Ù˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ΋˜ Ͽη˜Î·È ÂÌÔ‰›˙ÂÈ ÙË ‚·ÎÙËÚȷ΋ ÚÔÛÎfiÏÏËÛË25. Œ¯ÂÈ ·Ô-‰Âȯı› ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈο ˆ˜ Ë Î·ıËÌÂÚÈÓ‹ ̄ Ú‹ÛË ÙÛ›¯Ï·˜ ͢-ÏÈÙfiÏ˘ ‹ ͢ÏÈÙfiÏ˘ ÛÂ Û˘Ó‰˘·ÛÌfi Ì ¯ÏˆÚÂÍȉ›ÓË,ÚÔηÏ› ·‡ÍËÛË Ù˘ ÚÔ‹˜ ÙÔ˘ ÔÏÈÎÔ‡ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ ‰È¤ÁÂÚ-Û˘. EÈÚfiÛıÂÙ·, ÛÙËÓ ÔÌ¿‰· ÙˆÓ ·ÙfiÌˆÓ Ô˘ ¯ÚËÛÈ-ÌÔÔÈÔ‡Û·Ó ÙËÓ ÙÛ›¯Ï· Ì ÙÔÓ Û˘Ó‰˘·ÛÌfi Î·È ÙˆÓ ‰‡ÔÔ˘ÛÈÒÓ ·Ú·ÙËÚ‹ıËΠÙfiÛÔ Ì›ˆÛË ÙÔ˘ ÌÈÎÚÔ‚È·ÎÔ‡ÊÔÚÙ›Ô˘, fiÛÔ Î·È Î·Ï‡ÙÂÚË ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋ ̆ Á›·9. TÛ›¯Ï· ͢-ÏÈÙfiÏ˘ Î·È ¯ÏˆÚÂÍȉ›Ó˘ ‰ÂÓ ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ ÛÙËÓ ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ·-ÁÔÚ¿, ˆÛÙfiÛÔ Ù· ˘fiÏÔÈ· ÚÔ˚fiÓÙ· Ô˘ ΢ÎÏÔÊÔÚÔ‡Óηٿ Ù˘ ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·˜ ÂÚȤ¯Ô˘Ó Î·È ÙȘ ‰‡Ô Ô˘Û›Â˜.™Â ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ ˆÛÙfiÛÔ Ô˘ ¤¯ÂÈ ‰È·ÈÛÙˆı› ˆ˜ Ô ·-ÛıÂÓ‹˜ Ï·Ì‚¿ÓÂÈ Ê·Ú̷΢ÙÈ΋ ·ÁˆÁ‹ Ô˘ ÚÔηÏ› ‹ÂÓÈÛ¯‡ÂÈ ÙÔ Úfi‚ÏËÌ· Ù˘ ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·˜, ηÏfi ı· ‹Ù·ÓÛÂ Û˘ÓÂÓÓfiËÛË Ì ÙÔÓ ıÂÚ¿ÔÓÙ· È·ÙÚfi Ó· ·ÓÙÈηٷ-ÛÙ·ı› ÙÔ Ê¿ÚÌ·ÎÔ Ô˘ ¯ÔÚËÁÂ›Ù·È Ì οÔÈÔ ¿ÏÏÔ, ·Ó·˘Ùfi Â›Ó·È ‰˘Ó·Ùfi5.¶·Ú¿ÏÏËÏ· Ì ÙÔÓ ¤ÏÂÁ¯Ô Ù˘ ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·˜, Ô ÎÏÈÓÈÎfi˜Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÂϤÁÍÂÈ Î·È ÙÔ Â›Â‰Ô ÙÂÚˉÔÓÈÎÔ‡ ÎÈÓ‰‡ÓÔ˘ÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂÓ‹ Î·È Ó· ÙÔÓ Î·Ù·Ù¿ÍÂÈ ·Ó·ÏfiÁˆ˜. ø˜ ÙÂÚˉÔ-ÓÈÎfi˜ ΛӉ˘ÓÔ˜ ÔÚ›˙ÂÙ·È Ë Èı·ÓfiÙËÙ· Ô˘ ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ Û ¤-Ó· ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈÎfi ÂÚÈ‚¿ÏÏÔÓ Ó· ÂΉËψıÔ‡Ó Ó¤Â˜ ÙÂÚˉfi-Ó˜ ‹ Ó· ÂÍÂÏȯıÔ‡Ó ÔÈ ̆ ¿Ú¯Ô˘Û˜, ̤۷ Û ¤Ó· Û˘ÁÎÂ-ÎÚÈ̤ÓÔ ¯ÚÔÓÈÎfi ‰È¿ÛÙËÌ· ÛÙÔ Ì¤ÏÏÔÓ Î·È Î¿Ùˆ ·fi ÙÈ˜Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤Ó˜ Û˘Óı‹Î˜ Ô˘ ¤ÁÈÓÂ Ë ÂͤٷÛË23, 26. O ÙÂ-ÚˉÔÓÈÎfi˜ ΛӉ˘ÓÔ˜ ÚÔÛ‰ÈÔÚ›˙ÂÙ·È Ì ‚¿ÛË ÎÏÈÓÈο ηȷÎÙÈÓÔÁÚ·ÊÈο ÛËÌ›· Ô˘ Û˘ÓÔÙÈο ·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿˙ÔÓÙ·ÈÛÙÔÓ ¶›Ó·Î· 5.°ÂÓÈο ÛÙÔ˘˜ ÂÓ‹ÏÈΘ Î·È Î·Ù’ ¤ÎÙ·ÛË Î·È ÙÔ˘˜ ËÏÈ-ÎȈ̤ÓÔ˘˜ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ ¤¯ÂÈ ·Ó·ÊÂÚı› fiÙÈ ÙÔ ÚˆÙfiÎÔÏÏÔ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛ˘ Ù˘ ÙÂÚˉfiÓ·˜ Â›Ó·È ·˘Ùfi Ô˘ ·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿-˙ÂÙ·È ÛÙÔÓ ¶›Ó·Î· 6. EȉÈο ˆÛÙfiÛÔ ÁÈ· Ù· ¿ÙÔÌ· ÙÚ›Ù˘ ËÏÈΛ·˜ Ì ȉȷ›ÙÂÚ·ÎÈÓËÙÈο Î·È ÓÔËÙÈο ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù·, ı· ‹Ù·Ó ÛÎfiÈÌÔ Ó· Ô-ÚÈÛÙÔ‡Ó ÌÂϤÙ˜ Ô˘ ı· ¤ÏÂÁ¯·Ó ÙËÓ ·ÔÙÂÏÂÛÌ·ÙÈÎfiÙË-Ù· Ù˘ ¯Ú‹Û˘ ‰È·Ï˘Ì¿ÙˆÓ ÊıÔÚ›Ô˘, ¯ÏˆÚÂÍȉ›Ó˘ ‹Û˘Ó‰˘·ÛÌÔ‡ ÙÔ˘˜, ÒÛÙ ӷ ÔÚÈÛÙÔ‡Ó ÈÔ Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤Ó˜‰fiÛÂȘ Î·È ÙÚfiÔÈ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹˜ ÙˆÓ ÚÔ˚fiÓÙˆÓ ·˘ÙÒÓ.¶·Ú’ fiÏ· ·˘Ù¿, Ì ٷ ‰Â‰Ô̤ӷ Ô˘ ̆ ¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó ̤¯ÚÈ Û‹-ÌÂÚ· ı· ÌÔÚÔ‡Û ӷ ÚÔÙ·ı› ¤Ó· Û¯¤‰ÈÔ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈ-Û˘ fiˆ˜ ·˘Ùfi Ô˘ ÂÚÈÁÚ¿ÊÂÙ·È ÛÙÔÓ ¶›Ó·Î· 7.

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27ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 21-30, 2013

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EÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ ÊıÔÚÈÔ‡¯Ô˘ EÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ ÊıÔÚÈÔ‡¯Ô˘ EÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ ÊıÔÚÈÔ‡¯Ô˘ ‚ÂÚÓÈÎÈÔ‡ ‹ gel 1 ÊÔÚ¿/¤ÙÔ˜, ‚ÂÚÓÈÎÈÔ‡ ‹ gel 2 ÊÔÚ¿/¤ÙÔ˜, ‚ÂÚÓÈÎÈÔ‡ ‹ gel 3 Û fiÏ· Ù· ‰fiÓÙÈ·, Û fiÏ· Ù· ‰fiÓÙÈ·, ÊÔÚ¿/¤ÙÔ˜, Û fiÏ· Ù· ·ÓÂÍ¿ÚÙËÙ· ‚¿ıÔ˘˜ ·ÓÂÍ¿ÚÙËÙ· ‚¿ıÔ˘˜ ‰fiÓÙÈ·, ·ÓÂÍ¿ÚÙËÙ· ‚¿ıÔ˘˜

AÚ¯fiÌÂÓ˜ ‚Ï¿‚˜: A‚·ı›˜: KO™ A‚·ı›˜: ¶EP A‚·ı›˜: ¶EPK·ÙËÁÔÚ›· 3 B·ıȤ˜: KO™ B·ıȤ˜: ¶EP B·ıȤ˜: ¶EP

EÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ ÊıÔÚÈÔ‡¯Ô˘ EÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ ÊıÔÚÈÔ‡¯Ô˘ EÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ ÊıÔÚÈÔ‡¯Ô˘ ‚ÂÚÓÈÎÈÔ‡ ‹ gel 1 ÊÔÚ¿/¤ÙÔ˜, ‚ÂÚÓÈÎÈÔ‡ ‹ gel 2 ÊÔÚ¤˜/¤ÙÔ˜, ‚ÂÚÓÈÎÈÔ‡ ‹ gel 3 ÊÔÚ¤˜/¤ÙÔ˜, Û fiÏ· Ù· ‰fiÓÙÈ·, ·ÓÂÍ¿ÚÙËÙ· Û fiÏ· Ù· ‰fiÓÙÈ·, ·ÓÂÍ¿ÚÙËÙ· Û fiÏ· Ù· ‰fiÓÙÈ·, ·ÓÂÍ¿ÚÙËÙ· ‚¿ıÔ˘˜ ‚¿ıÔ˘˜ ‚¿ıÔ˘˜

E¶IºANEIA PIZA™

TÂÚˉÔÓÈÎfi˜ K›Ó‰˘ÓÔ˜ X·ÌËÏfi˜ M¤ÙÚÈÔ˜ Y„ËÏfi˜

EÈÛΤ„ÂȘ ÛÙÔ È·ÙÚÂ›Ô 1 2 3

AÚ¯fiÌÂÓ˜ ‚Ï¿‚˜: ¶·Ú·ÎÔÏÔ‡ıËÛË ¶·Ú·ÎÔÏÔ‡ıËÛË AÔηٿÛÙ·ÛËK·ÙËÁÔÚ›· 1 EÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ ÊıÔÚÈÔ‡¯Ô˘ EÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ ÊıÔÚÈÔ‡¯Ô˘ EÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ ÊıÔÚÈÔ‡¯Ô˘

‚ÂÚÓÈÎÈÔ‡ ‹ gel 1 ÊÔÚ¿/¤ÙÔ˜, ‚ÂÚÓÈÎÈÔ‡ ‹ gel 2 ÊÔÚ¤˜/¤ÙÔ˜, ‚ÂÚÓÈÎÈÔ‡ ‹ gel 3 ÊÔÚ¤˜/¤ÙÔ˜, Û fiÏ· Ù· ‰fiÓÙÈ· Û fiÏ· Ù· ‰fiÓÙÈ· Û fiÏ· Ù· ‰fiÓÙÈ·

§EIE™ E¶IºANEIE™ (E§EY£EPE™ KAI OMOPE™)

TÂÚˉÔÓÈÎfi˜ K›Ó‰˘ÓÔ˜ X·ÌËÏfi˜ M¤ÙÚÈÔ˜ Y„ËÏfi˜

EÈÛΤ„ÂȘ ÛÙÔ È·ÙÚÂ›Ô 1 2 3

AÚ¯fiÌÂÓ˜ ‚Ï¿‚˜: EχıÂÚ˜: ¶·Ú·ÎÔÏÔ‡ıËÛË EχıÂÚ˜: ¶·Ú·ÎÔÏÔ‡ıËÛË EχıÂÚ˜: ¶·Ú·ÎÔÏÔ‡ıËÛËK·ÙËÁÔڛ˜ 1 & 2 ŸÌÔÚ˜: ¶·Ú·ÎÔÏÔ‡ıËÛË ŸÌÔÚ˜: ¶·Ú·ÎÔÏÔ‡ıËÛË ŸÌÔÚ˜: ¶·Ú·ÎÔÏÔ‡ıËÛË

EÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ ÊıÔÚÈÔ‡¯Ô˘ EÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ ÊıÔÚÈÔ‡¯Ô˘ EÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ ÊıÔÚÈÔ‡¯Ô˘ ‚ÂÚÓÈÎÈÔ‡ ‹ gel 1 ÊÔÚ¿/¤ÙÔ˜, ‚ÂÚÓÈÎÈÔ‡ ‹ gel 2 ÊÔÚ¤˜/¤ÙÔ˜, ‚ÂÚÓÈÎÈÔ‡ ‹ gel 3 ÊÔÚ¤˜/¤ÙÔ˜, ÁÈ· ‚Ï¿‚˜ ÙfiÛÔ Û ÁÈ· ‚Ï¿‚˜ ÙfiÛÔ Û ÁÈ· ‚Ï¿‚˜ ÙfiÛÔ Û ÂχıÂÚ˜ fiÛÔ Î·È Û ÂχıÂÚ˜ fiÛÔ Î·È Û ÂχıÂÚ˜ fiÛÔ Î·È ÛÂfiÌÔÚ˜ fiÌÔÚ˜ fiÌÔÚ˜

AÚ¯fiÌÂÓ˜ ‚Ï¿‚˜: EχıÂÚ˜: ¶·Ú·ÎÔÏÔ‡ıËÛË EχıÂÚ˜: ¶·Ú·ÎÔÏÔ‡ıËÛË EχıÂÚ˜: K·ÙËÁÔÚ›· 3 ŸÌÔÚ˜: ¶·Ú·ÎÔÏÔ‡ıËÛË ŸÌÔÚ˜: AÔηٿÛÙ·ÛË ¶·Ú·ÎÔÏÔ‡ıËÛË

EÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ ÊıÔÚÈÔ‡¯Ô˘ ÂÏ¿¯ÈÛÙ˘ ¤̂·Û˘ Ì ™P ŸÌÔÚ˜: AÔηٿÛÙ·ÛË ‚ÂÚÓÈÎÈÔ‡ ‹ gel 1 ÊÔÚ¿/¤ÙÔ˜, ÌfiÓÔ ÛÙËÓ fiÌÔÚË ÂÈÊ¿ÓÂÈ· ÂÏ¿¯ÈÛÙ˘ ¤̂·Û˘ Ì ™P ÁÈ· ‚Ï¿‚˜ ÙfiÛÔ Û EÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ ÊıÔÚÈÔ‡¯Ô˘ ÌfiÓÔ ÛÙËÓ fiÌÔÚË ÂχıÂÚ˜ fiÛÔ Î·È Û ‚ÂÚÓÈÎÈÔ‡ ‹ gel 2 ÂÈÊ¿ÓÂÈ·fiÌÔÚ˜ ÊÔÚ¤˜/¤ÙÔ˜, ÁÈ· ‚Ï¿‚˜ EÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ ÊıÔÚÈÔ‡¯Ô˘

ÙfiÛÔ Û ÂχıÂÚ˜ fiÛÔ Î·È ‚ÂÚÓÈÎÈÔ‡ ‹ gel 3 ÊÔÚ¤˜/¤ÙÔ˜,Û fiÌÔÚ˜ ÁÈ· ‚Ï¿‚˜ ÙfiÛÔ Û ÂχıÂÚ˜

fiÛÔ Î·È Û fiÌÔÚ˜

28 ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 21-30, 2013

KO™: K¿Ï˘„Ë OÒÓ Î·È ™¯ÈÛÌÒÓ

¶EP: ¶ÚÔÏËÙÈ΋ EÌÊÚ·ÍË PËÙ›Ó˘

™P: ™‡ÓıÂÙË PËÙ›ÓË

29ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 21-30, 2013

AÓ·ÛÎfiËÛË

¶›Ó·Î·˜ 7

¶PøTOKO§§O ANTIMETø¶I™H™ •HPO™TOMIA™ KAI TEPH¢ONA™ ™THN TPITH H§IKIA.

TÂÚˉÔÓÈÎfi˜ ΛӉ˘ÓÔ˜

X·ÌËÏfi˜ M¤ÛÔ˜ Y„ËÏfi˜

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1. ·ÔÙÂÏÂÛÌ·ÙÈ΋ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋˘ÁÈÂÈÓ‹ 2 ÊÔÚ¤˜ ÙËÓ Ë̤ڷÌ ÊıÔÚÈÔ‡¯Ô Ô‰ÔÓÙfiÎÚÂÌ·(1000-1450 ppm F)

2. ·ÓÂÍÂÙ¿ÛÂȘ οı 6 Ì‹ÓÂ˜Î·È ÊıÔÚ›ˆÛË

3. ·ÔÊ˘Á‹ ۷ί·ÚÔ‡¯ˆÓÙÚÔÊÒÓ, ÔÙÒÓ, ·Ó·„˘ÎÙÈÎÒÓ Î·È ÛÓ·Î ÛÙ· ÂӉȿÌÂÛ· Á‡̷ٷ

T· 1,2,3 ·fi ÙËÓ ÔÌ¿‰· ¯·ÌËÏÔ‡ÙÂÚˉÔÓÈÎÔ‡ ÎÈÓ‰‡ÓÔ˘ Î·È ÂÈϤÔÓ:

4. ̄ Ú‹ÛË ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ‰È·Ï‡Ì·ÙÔ˜¯ˆÚ›˜ ·ÏÎÔfiÏË

5. ̄ Ú‹ÛË ÙÛ›¯Ï·˜ Ì ͢ÏÈÙfiÏË 2-3ÊÔÚ¤˜ ËÌÂÚËÛ›ˆ˜

T· 3,4,5 ·fi ÙËÓ ÔÌ¿‰· ̤ÛÔ˘ ÙÂÚˉÔÓÈÎÔ‡ ÎÈÓ‰‡ÓÔ˘ Î·È ÂÈϤÔÓ:

6. ̄ Ú‹ÛË Ô‰ÔÓÙfiÎÚÂÌ·˜ Ì 5000 ppm F ‹ ¿ÏÏ˘ ÂȉÈ΋˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙfiÎÚÂÌ·˜ ÁÈ· ‚Ô‡ÚÙÛÈÛÌ· 2 ÊÔÚ¤˜ ËÌÂÚËÛ›ˆ˜ ‹

7. ·ÓÂÍÂÙ¿ÛÂȘ οı 3 Ì‹Ó˜ Î·È ÊıÔÚ›ˆÛË

8. ¯Ú‹ÛË ˘ÔηٿÛÙ·ÙˆÓ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ (¶›Ó. 4)

9. ̄ Ú‹ÛË ‰È·Ï‡Ì·ÙÔ˜ ¯ÏˆÚÂÍȉ›Ó˘ 0,12% ÛÂ Û˘Ó‰˘·ÛÌfi Ì ÊıfiÚÈÔ ÁÈ· fiÛÔ ÎÚ›ÓÂÙ·È··Ú·›ÙËÙÔ Î·Ù¿ ÙËÓ Â·ÓÂͤٷÛË

·˘Ù¿ Û˘Ó‹ıˆ˜ ·ÎÔÏÔ˘ıÔ‡Ó, ÛÙË Û˘ÓÙÚÈÙÈ΋ ÙÔ˘˜ Ì¿ÏÈÛÙ·ÏÂÈÔ„ËÊ›·, Ê·Ú̷΢ÙÈ΋ ·ÁˆÁ‹, ÚÔÎÂÈ̤ÓÔ˘ Ó· ‰È·ÙË-Ú‹ÛÔ˘Ó ¤Ó· ÈηÓÔÔÈËÙÈÎfi Â›Â‰Ô ̆ Á›·˜. ™˘Ó¤ÂÈ· ·˘ÙÔ‡Â›Ó·È Ë Ôχ Û˘¯Ó‹ ÂÌÊ¿ÓÈÛË ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·˜, ÌÈ· ηٿÛÙ·ÛËÔ˘ ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ› ÔÈΛϷ ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· ÛÙË ÁÂÓÈ΋ Î·È ÛÙÔ-Ì·ÙÈ΋ ÙÔ˘˜ ˘Á›·. EȉÈÎfiÙÂÚ·, ·˘Í¿ÓÂÈ ÙËÓ Â›ÙˆÛË Ù˘ÙÂÚˉfiÓ·˜, ȉ›ˆ˜ Ù˘ ÙÂÚˉfiÓ·˜ ÙˆÓ ÚÈ˙ÈÎÒÓ ÂÈÊ·ÓÂÈÒÓÙˆÓ ‰ÔÓÙÈÒÓ.°È· ÙËÓ Ì¤ÙÚËÛË ÙˆÓ ‰È·ÊfiÚˆÓ ·Ú·ÁfiÓÙˆÓ ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÔ‡ÓÙ·È ·ÚÎÂÙ¤˜ Ù¯ÓÈΤ˜, ˆÛÙfiÛÔ, ÌfiÓÔ Ë ÌËÊ˘ÛÈÔÏÔÁÈ΋ ÙÈÌ‹ pH Î·È Ô ·˘ÍË̤ÓÔ˜ ·ÚÈıÌfi˜ S. Mutans¤¯ÂÈ Û˘Û¯ÂÙÈÛı› Ì ·˘ÍË̤ÓÔ ÙÂÚˉÔÓÈÎfi ΛӉ˘ÓÔ Û ÎÏÈÓÈ-Τ˜ ¤Ú¢Ó˜22. °È· ÙÔ ·›ÛıËÌ· ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·˜ ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚÔÛËÌ·ÓÙÈ΋ Ê·›ÓÂÙ·È Ó· Â›Ó·È Ë ÚÔ‹ ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ ‰È¤ÁÂÚÛ˘·Ú¿ ·˘Ù‹ ÙÔ˘ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘ ËÚÂÌ›·˜.O ÚfiÏÔ˜ ÙÔ˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ¿ÙÚÔ˘ ÛÙË ‰È¿ÁÓˆÛË Î·È ÙË ıÂڷ›·ÌÈ·˜ Ù¤ÙÔÈ·˜ ηٿÛÙ·Û˘ Â›Ó·È Ôχ ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈÎfi˜. O Ô‰Ô-ÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ˜ ·ÊÔ‡ ‰È·ÁÓÒÛÂÈ, Ì ‰È¿ÊÔÚ· ̤۷ (ÙÂÛÙ Û¿ÏÈÔ˘,ÎÏÈÓÈ΋ ÂͤٷÛË, ÈÛÙÔÚÈÎfi) ÙËÓ ˘ÔΛÌÂÓË ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·,Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ηٷٿÍÂÈ ÙÔÓ ·ÛıÂÓ‹ ÙÔ˘ Û ÌÈ· ηÙËÁÔÚ›· fi-ÛÔÓ ·ÊÔÚ¿ ÙÔÓ Î›Ó‰˘ÓÔ ÂÌÊ¿ÓÈÛ˘ ÙÂÚˉfiÓ·˜. ™ÙË Û˘Ó¤-¯ÂÈ·, ‚·ÛÈ˙fiÌÂÓÔ˜ ÛÙÔ ÚˆÙfiÎÔÏÏÔ Ô˘ ÚÔÙ›ÓÂÙ·È, ›ӷȷ·Ú·›ÙËÙÔ Ó· ÙÔÓ Î·ıÔ‰ËÁ‹ÛÂÈ Û ¤Ó· ÚfiÁÚ·ÌÌ· Ô˘ı· ÙÔÓ ·Ó·ÎÔ˘Ê›ÛÂÈ ·fi Ù· ÙÂÚˉÔÓÈο Û˘ÌÙÒÌ·Ù· ηÈÛ οÔȘ ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ ·˘Ù¿ Ó· Ù· ÚÔÏ¿‚ÂÈ ‹ Î·È Ó· Ù··Ó·¯·ÈÙ›ÛÂÈ. TÔ ÚfiÁÚ·ÌÌ· Ô˘ Ù·ÈÚÈ¿˙ÂÈ ÛÙÔÓ Î¿ı ·ÛıÂÓ‹ Â›Ó·È ‰È·-ÊÔÚÂÙÈÎfi Î·È ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÚÔÛ·ÚÌfi˙ÂÙ·È ÛÙȘ ·Ó¿ÁΘÙÔ˘. ÕÙÔÌ· Ì ‰˘ÛÎÔϛ˜ ΛÓËÛ˘ ‹ Ì ÓÔËÙÈ΋ ηı˘ÛÙ¤ÚË-ÛË ı· ‹Ù·Ó ÚÔÙÈÌfiÙÂÚÔ Ó· ÌËÓ ÂÈ‚·Ú‡ÓÔÓÙ·È Ì Ôχ-ÏÔη Û¯¤‰È· ıÂڷ›·˜. ™Â οı ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË, fï˜, ›ӷÈÛËÌ·ÓÙÈ΋ Ë ÂÓÂÚÁÔÔ›ËÛË Î·È Û˘ÌÌÂÙÔ¯‹ ÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂÓÔ‡˜ ‹ÙˆÓ ·ÓıÚÒˆÓ Ô˘ ÙÔ˘˜ ‚ÔËıÔ‡Ó, ÒÛÙ ӷ ÂÈÙ¢¯Ù› Ì›·ÈηÓÔÔÈËÙÈ΋ Î·È ÂÏÂÁ¯fiÌÂÓË ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋ ηٿÛÙ·ÛË.

SUMMARY

The saliva as a caries’s control parameter in third age patients

Kapsalas Andreas, Kitopoulou Anna, Antoniadou Maria

hellenic hospital dentistry 6: 21-30, 2013

Older persons are at risk of chronic diseases of themouth, including dental infections (e.g., caries,periodontitis), tooth loss, benign mucosal lesions, andoral cancer. Another serious oral condition in thispopulation is xerostomia (dry mouth). Xerostomia is acommon finding in the elderly people mainly due to theirincreased use of drugs, possible radiotherapy,malnutrition, pathological situations of the salivaryglands and also or simply due to age. Since there is anumerical augmentation of the third-age groupworldwide, the problem of xerostomia is a matter ofaugmenting clinical concern. Certain factors of thesaliva, such as pH Ôr/and the flow degree, can bemeasured directly in one dental appointment withvarious clinical tests in order to diagnose directly thepresence and degree of xerostomia. These tests arecarried out through the use of predisposed single-usekits that count the saliva flow and the microbialpopulation of the oral cavity easily, rapidly andeconomically. Diagnosed xerostomia caused byunderlying disease or medication use may be treatedwith over-the-counter saliva substitutes. The control ofxerostomia may lead to control of dental caries since themain intraoral effect of xerostomia is the increased activecaries index. The main location of caries in third-agepatients is usually the exposed root surfaces (root

caries). Effort to assess the microbial population in themouth of the elderly is the first step to (root) cariesprevention.The aim of this literature review is the discussion of thecurrent data concerning saliva’s function, thedescription of parameters that control the rhythm and thedegree of its flow and the tests existed for quantificationand examination of its quality. The relevance of salivawith root caries in the elderly population is furtherdiscussed. Finally certain protocols are suggested inorder to provide prevention or caries treatment andreduce the overall caries risk index of the elderly.

Key words: Xerostomia, saliva tests, saliva floe, caries,caries risk assessment

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27. K·Î¿ÌÔ˘Ú· A, P·¯ÈÒÙ˘ X: O‰ËÁfi˜ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛ˘ ·Ú¯fi-ÌÂÓˆÓ ÙÂÚˉÔÓÈÎÒÓ ‚Ï·‚ÒÓ. EÚÁ·ÛÙËÚÈÔ O‰ÔÓÙÈ΋˜ XÂÈ-ÚÔ˘ÚÁÈ΋˜ Î·È EÚÁ·ÛÙ‹ÚÈÔ ¶·È‰Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜. O‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚÈ΋ ™¯ÔÏ‹ AıËÓÒÓ (Ì ¯ÔÚËÁ›· Ù˘ Colgate). 2010.

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AÓ·ÛÎfiËÛË

ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 21-30, 2013

EÈÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·:M·Ú›· AÓÙˆÓÈ¿‰Ô˘TËÏ.: 2103423417, 6944342546. e-mail: mantonia@dent.uoa.gr

∞Ó·ÛÎfiËÛË

AÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛË ·ÙfiÌˆÓ Ì ·Ó·ËÚ›·. IÛÙÔÚÈ΋ AÓ·‰ÚÔÌ‹

E˘·ÁÁÂÏ›· MÔÁÔÛÈ¿Ó*

™ÎÔfi˜ Ù˘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ ·˘Ù‹˜ Â›Ó·È Ë ·ÚÔ˘Û›·ÛË ÙˆÓ ·fi„ˆÓ, ÙˆÓ ÛÙ¿ÛÂˆÓ Î·È Ù˘ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈ-Û˘ ÙˆÓ ·ÙfiÌˆÓ Ì ·Ó·ËÚ›· ÛÙËÓ ÔÚ›· ÙÔ˘ ¯ÚfiÓÔ˘. ™‡Ìʈӷ Ì ÙË ™‡Ì‚·ÛË ÙÔ˘ OHE (2006),ÛÙ· ¿ÙÔÌ· Ì ·Ó·ËÚ›· ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÔÓÙ·È ÂΛӷ Ì ̷ÎÚÔ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ۈ̷ÙÈο, „˘¯Èο, ÓÂ˘Ì·ÙÈο ‹·ÈÛıËÙ‹ÚÈ· ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù·, Ô˘, Û ·ÏÏËÏ›‰Ú·ÛË Ì ‰È¿ÊÔÚ· ÂÌfi‰È·, ÌÔÚ› Ó· ·ÚÂÌÔ‰›˙Ô˘ÓÙËÓ Ï‹ÚË Î·È ·ÔÙÂÏÂÛÌ·ÙÈ΋ Û˘ÌÌÂÙÔ¯‹ ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙËÓ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·, Û ÈÛfiÙÈÌË ‚¿ÛË Ì ÙÔ˘˜ ¿ÏÏÔ˘˜. OÈ ·fi„ÂȘ Î·È ÛÙ¿ÛÂȘ ÁÈ· Ù· ¿ÙÔÌ· Ì ·Ó·ËÚ›· ÔÈΛÏÏÔ˘Ó ·Ó¿ÏÔÁ· Ì ÙËÓ ÈÛÙÔÚÈ΋ ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô.BÂÏÙÈÒÓÔÓÙ·È fiÙ·Ó ÂÈÎÚ·ÙÔ‡Ó ÛÙËÓ ·ÓıÚˆfiÙËÙ· ˘„ËÏfiÙÂÚ· ȉ·ÓÈο Î·È ÔÏÈÙÈΤ˜. E›Ó·È ¯·Ú·-ÎÙËÚÈÛÙÈÎfi fiÙÈ ÔÈ ÚÔԉ¢ÙÈΤ˜ ·fi„ÂȘ ÙˆÓ ·Ú¯·›ˆÓ EÏÏ‹ÓˆÓ ÊÈÏÔÛfiÊˆÓ ÂÎÊÚ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È Û ÂÚÈfi-‰Ô˘˜ ¿ÓıËÛ˘ Ù˘ ‰ËÌÔÎÚ·Ù›·˜, Ù˘ ÂÈÛÙ‹Ì˘ Î·È Ù˘ ÊÈÏÔÛÔÊ›·˜. TÔ ›‰ÈÔ ÙËÓ ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô Ù˘ AÓ·-Á¤ÓÓËÛ˘, ηıÒ˜ Î·È ÙËÓ ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô ÙˆÓ ÌÂÁ¿ÏˆÓ ‰ÈÂΉÈ΋ÛÂˆÓ ÁÈ· Ù· ·ÓıÚÒÈÓ· ‰ÈηÈÒÌ·Ù· Ù· ÙÂ-ÏÂ˘Ù·›· 40 ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ÙÔ˘ ÂÚ·Ṳ̂ÓÔ˘ ·ÈÒÓ·. TÔ ·ÓÙ›ıÂÙÔ Û˘Ó¤‚Ë Û ÂÚÈfi‰Ô˘˜ ÛÎÔÙ·‰ÈÛÌÔ‡, ·-Ú·ÎÌ‹˜ ÙÔ˘ ÔÚıÔÏÔÁÈÛÌÔ‡ Î·È Ù˘ ‰ËÌÔÎÚ·Ù›·˜, fiˆ˜ ÛÙÔÓ MÂÛ·›ˆÓ· Î·È ÙË XÈÙÏÂÚÈ΋ °ÂÚÌ·Ó›·.E›Ó·È ÂӉȷʤÚÔÓ Ó· ‰Ô‡Ì ÙȘ Û˘Ó¤ÂȘ Ù˘ ÙÚ¤¯Ô˘Û·˜ ÔÈÎÔÓÔÌÈ΋˜ ÎÚ›Û˘ ÛÙȘ ·fi„ÂȘ Î·È Ú·-ÎÙÈΤ˜ ÁÈ· ÙË ÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË ÙˆÓ ·ÙfiÌˆÓ Ì ·Ó·ËÚ›·. EÌ›˜, fï˜, ·˜ Ì›ÓÔ˘Ì ÛÙ·ıÂÚÔ› ÛÙËÓ Û˘Ó‹ ̆ -ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË ÙˆÓ ·ÓıÚˆ›ÓˆÓ ‰ÈÎ·ÈˆÌ¿ÙˆÓ Î·È ÛÙÔ ‰fiÁÌ· fiÙÈ «ÙÔ ÎÚÈÙ‹ÚÈÔ ÙÔ˘ ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÔ‡ ÌÈ·˜ ÎÔÈ-ÓˆÓ›·˜ Â›Ó·È Ë ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰· Ô˘ ·Ú¤¯ÂÙ·È ÛÙ· ·‰‡Ó·Ì· ̤ÏË Ù˘».

ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 31-36, 2013

§¤ÍÂȘ ÎÏÂȉȿ: ¿ÙÔÌ· Ì ·Ó·ËÚ›·, ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛË, ·Ó-ıÚÒÈÓ· ‰ÈηÈÒÌ·Ù·.

* ¢È¢ı‡ÓÙÚÈ· E™Y, Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ˜

ÿ‰Ú˘Ì· ÚÔ¤Ï¢Û˘: O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ KÏÈÓÈ΋, ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌÈ·Îfi °ÂÓÈÎfi NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂ›Ô HÚ·-ÎÏ›Ô

EI™A°ø°H

™ÎÔfi˜ Ù˘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ ·˘Ù‹˜ Â›Ó·È Ë ·ÚÔ˘Û›·ÛË ÙˆÓ ·fi-„ˆÓ, ÙˆÓ ÛÙ¿ÛÂˆÓ Î·È Ù˘ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛ˘ ÙˆÓ ·ÙfiÌˆÓ Ì·ӷËÚ›· ÛÙËÓ ÔÚ›· ÙÔ˘ ¯ÚfiÓÔ˘. ™‡Ìʈӷ Ì ÙÔÓ ¶·-ÁÎfiÛÌÈÔ OÚÁ·ÓÈÛÌfi YÁ›·˜ (¶.O.Y.) «ÕÙÔÌ· Ì AÓ·ËÚ›·,(AÌÂA) ıˆÚÔ‡ÓÙ·È fiÏ· Ù· ¿ÙÔÌ· Ô˘ ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙Ô˘Ó ÛÔ‚·Ú‹ÌÂÈÔÓÂÍ›· Ô˘ ÚÔ·ÙÂÈ ·fi Ê˘ÛÈ΋ ‹ ‰È·ÓÔËÙÈ΋ ‚Ï¿‚Ë»1.H ηٷÓfiËÛË ÙˆÓ fiÚˆÓ Ù˘ ‚Ï¿‚˘, Ù˘ ÌÂÈÔÓÂÍ›·˜ Î·È Ù˘·Ó·ËÚ›·˜ ı· Û˘Ì‚¿ÏÏÂÈ ÛÙËÓ Î·Ï‡ÙÂÚË Î·Ù·ÓfiËÛË Ù˘¤ÓÓÔÈ·˜ ÙˆÓ ·Ó·ÁÎÒÓ ÙˆÓ ·ÙfiÌˆÓ ·˘ÙÒÓ. ¶·ÚfiÏÔ ÏÔÈfiÓÔ˘ ÔÈ fiÚÔÈ ·˘ÙÔ› ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÔ‡ÓÙ·È Û˘¯Ó¿ ˆ˜ Û˘ÓÒÓ˘Ì·,ÂÓÙÔ‡ÙÔȘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ‰È·ÎÚÈÙfi ÓfiËÌ·. ™‡Ìʈӷ Ì ÙÔÓ ¶.O.Y.ÙÔ ÓfiËÌ· ÙˆÓ fiÚˆÓ ·˘ÙÒÓ ¤¯ÂÈ ˆ˜ ÂÍ‹˜:ñ O fiÚÔ˜ ‚Ï¿‚Ë (impairment) ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÂÙ·È ÛÙËÓ ·ÒÏÂÈ· ‹

ÛÙËÓ ÂÚÈÔÚÈṲ̂ÓË ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· ÂÓfi˜ Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ÓÔ˘ ̤-ÚÔ˘˜ ‹ ÔÚÁ¿ÓÔ˘ ÙÔ˘ ÛÒÌ·ÙÔ˜.

ñ H ·Ó·ËÚ›· (disability) ̆ ¿Ú¯ÂÈ fiÙ·Ó ÌÈ· ‚Ï¿‚Ë ÂÚÈÔÚ›-˙ÂÈ ÙËÓ ÈηÓfiÙËÙ· ÙÔ˘ ·ÙfiÌÔ˘ Ó· ÂÎÙÂϤÛÂÈ Î¿ÔÈ· ¤ÚÁ·Ì ÙÔÓ ÙÚfiÔ Ô˘ Ù· ÂÎÙÂÏÔ‡Ó ÔÈ ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚÔÈ ¿ÓıÚˆ-ÔÈ (.¯. Ó· ÂÚ·Ù‹ÛÂÈ, Ó· ‰ÂÈ Î.Ï.), ÛÙ· fiÚÈ· ‰ËÏ·‰‹Ô˘ ıˆÚÔ‡ÓÙ·È Ê˘ÛÈÔÏÔÁÈο ÁÈ· ÙÔ˘˜ ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚÔ˘˜

31

·ÓıÚÒÔ˘˜. ñ H ÌÂÈÔÓÂÍ›· (handicap) ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÂÙ·È Û ¤Ó· Úfi‚ÏËÌ· ‹

ÌÂÈÔÓ¤ÎÙËÌ· Ô˘ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ›˙ÂÈ ¤Ó· ¿ÙÔÌÔ Ì ·Ó·ËÚ›·‹ ‚Ï¿‚Ë, fiÙ·Ó ·ÏÏËÏÂȉڿ Ì ÙÔ ÂÚÈ‚¿ÏÏÔÓ ÙÔ˘. MÈ··Ó·ËÚ›· ÌÔÚ› Ó· ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ› ÌÂÈÔÓÂÍ›· Û ¤Ó· ÂÚÈ-‚¿ÏÏÔÓ, ·ÏÏ¿ fi¯È Û οÔÈÔ ¿ÏÏÔ. E›Û˘, Ù· ¿ÙÔÌ· Ì·ӷËÚ›· ‚ÈÒÓÔ˘Ó ÌÂÈÔÓÂ͛˜ Ô˘ ‰ÂÓ ÔÊ›ÏÔÓÙ·È ÛÙȘ·Ó·Ëڛ˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ·ÏÏ¿ Â›Ó·È ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· ÙˆÓ ÛÙ¿ÛˆÓÎ·È Û˘ÌÂÚÈÊÔÚÒÓ Ô˘ ·ÚÂÌÔ‰›˙Ô˘Ó ÙË Û˘ÌÌÂÙÔ¯‹ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙȘ ‰Ú·ÛÙËÚÈfiÙËÙ˜ ÙÔ˘ Û¯ÔÏ›Ԣ, Ù˘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜‹ Ù˘ ÎÔÈÓfiÙËÙ·˜2, 3.

E‰Ò Î·È ·ÚÎÂÙ¤˜ ‰ÂηÂٛ˜ ηٷ‚¿ÏÏÂÙ·È ÚÔÛ¿ıÂÈ· Ó·‰Ôı› Ë ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋ ‰È¿ÛÙ·ÛË Ù˘ ·Ó·ËÚ›·˜, ÚÔÛ¿ıÂÈ·Ô˘ ·ÔÙ˘ÒÓÂÙ·È Î·È ÛÙÔ˘˜ ÔÚÈÛÌÔ‡˜ Ô˘ ‰È·Ù˘ÒÓÔ-ÓÙ·È ÁÈ’ ·˘Ù‹Ó. ™‡Ìʈӷ Ì ÙÔÓ Jantzen (1974) «H ·Ó·Ë-Ú›· ‰ÂÓ ÌÔÚ› Ó· ıˆÚËı› ¤Ó· Ê˘ÛÈÎfi Ê·ÈÓfiÌÂÓÔ. °›ÓÂ-Ù·È Ê·ÓÂÚ‹ Î·È ·Ú¯›˙ÂÈ Ó· ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ ˆ˜ ·Ó·ËÚ›·, ·fi ÙËÛÙÈÁÌ‹ Ô˘ οÔÈ· ÁÓˆÚ›ÛÌ·Ù· Î·È ̄ ·Ú·ÎÙËÚÈÛÙÈΤ˜ ÂΉË-ÏÒÛÂȘ ÙˆÓ ÁÓˆÚÈÛÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÂÓfi˜ ·ÙfiÌÔ˘ Û˘ÁÎÚÈıÔ‡Ó ÚÔ˜ÙȘ ÂοÛÙÔÙ ·ÓÙÈÏ‹„ÂȘ ÁÈ· ÙÔ ÂÏ¿¯ÈÛÙÔ ÙˆÓ ˘ÔÎÂÈÌÂÓÈ-ÎÒÓ Î·È ÙˆÓ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎÒÓ ÈηÓÔًوÓ. M ÙÔ Ó· ‰È·ÈÛÙˆı›ˆ˜ ¤Ó· ¿ÙÔÌÔ, Ì ‚¿ÛË Ù· ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚÈÛÙÈο ÙÔ˘ ÁÓˆÚ›-ÛÌ·Ù·, ‰ÂÓ ·ÓÙ·ÔÎÚ›ÓÂÙ·È ÛÙȘ ·Ú·¿Óˆ ·ÓÙÈÏ‹„ÂȘ Á›-ÓÂÙ·È Ë ·Ó·ËÚ›· Ê·ÓÂÚ‹. Y¿Ú¯ÂÈ ̂ ˜ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎfi Ê·ÈÓfiÌÂ-ÓÔ ·fi ÙË ÛÙÈÁÌ‹ ·˘Ù‹ Î·È ÌfiÓÔ». O ¢ËÌËÙÚfiÔ˘ÏÔ˜(1995) ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÂÈ fiÙÈ «ÕÙÔÌÔ Ì ÂȉÈΤ˜ ·Ó¿ÁΘ, Â›Ó·È ÙÔ ¿-ÙÔÌÔ Ô˘ ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È Û ı¤ÛË Ó· Û˘ÌÌÂÙ¤¯ÂÈ Û fiϘ ÙȘ ‰Ú·-ÛÙËÚÈfiÙËÙ˜ Î·È Ó· ·ÔÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÂÈ fiÏ· Ù· ·Á·ı¿ Ô˘ ÚÔ-ÛʤÚÂÈ ÛÙ· ˘fiÏÔÈ· ̤ÏË Ù˘ Ë ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›· ÛÙËÓ ÔÔ›· ˙ÂÈ,ÂÍ·ÈÙ›·˜ Ù˘ ηٿÛÙ·Û˘ οÔÈÔ˘ ‹ οÔÈˆÓ ·fi Ù· „˘-¯Ôۈ̷ÙÈο ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚÈÛÙÈο ÙÔ˘». O Klee (1980) ÛËÌÂÈÒ-ÓÂÈ fiÙÈ «...̤ÙÚÔ Ù˘ ·Ó·ËÚ›·˜ Â›Ó·È Ë Ì›ˆÛË Ù˘ ÂÚÁ·ÙÈ-΋˜ ‰‡Ó·Ì˘. H Ì›ˆÛË Ù˘ ÂÚÁ·ÙÈ΋˜ ‰‡Ó·Ì˘ ÌÂÙÚ¿ÂÈ ÙÔηٿ fiÛÔ Ë ÛˆÌ·ÙÈ΋ Î·È Ë ÓÔËÙÈ΋ ÈηÓfiÙËÙ· ·fi‰ÔÛË˜Â›Ó·È ÌÂȈ̤ÓË Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ÙËÓ Î·ÓÔÓÈ΋ ÂÚÁ·ÙÈ΋ ‰‡Ó·-ÌË». EÓÙÂÏÒ˜ ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈ΋ Ë ıÂÒÚËÛË ÙÔ˘ Bardeau (1977)Ô˘ ˘ÔÛÙËÚ›˙ÂÈ fiÙÈ ÔÈ ·Ó·Ëڛ˜ ÛÙË ÛËÌÂÚÈÓ‹ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·Â›Ó·È ıÂÛÌÈΤ˜ ·Ú·ÁˆÁ¤˜ Ù˘ ÌÈÛıˆÙ‹˜-Ù·ÍÈ΋˜ ÎÔÈÓˆ-Ó›·˜. H È·ÙÚÈ΋ ÁÓÒÛË Ô˘ ·Ó·Ù‡¯ÙËΠ¤¯ÂÈ Î·Ù·ÈÂÛÙÈ΋ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· Î·È Û˘ÌÌÂÙ¤¯ÂÈ ÛÙË ıÂÛÌÈ΋ ·Ú·ÁˆÁ‹ Ù˘ ·-Ó·ËÚ›·˜1. ™‡Ìʈӷ Ì ÙË ™‡Ì‚·ÛË ÙÔ˘ OHE ÙÔ˘ 2006, ÛÙ· ¿ÙÔÌ· Ì·ӷËÚ›· ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÔÓÙ·È ÂΛӷ Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó Ì·ÎÚÔ¯ÚfiÓȷۈ̷ÙÈο, ‰È·ÓÔËÙÈο, ÓÂ˘Ì·ÙÈο ‹ ·ÈÛıËÙ‹ÚÈ· ÂÌfi‰È·,Ô˘, Û ·ÏÏËÏ›‰Ú·ÛË Ì ‰È¿ÊÔÚ· ÂÌfi‰È·, ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó··ÚÂÌÔ‰›ÛÔ˘Ó ÙËÓ Ï‹ÚË Î·È ·ÔÙÂÏÂÛÌ·ÙÈ΋ Û˘ÌÌÂÙÔ¯‹ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙËÓ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·, Û ›ÛË ‚¿ÛË Ì ÙÔ˘˜ ¿ÏÏÔ˘˜4.T· ¿ÙÔÌ· Ì ·Ó·ËÚ›· ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡Ó ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈÎfi ÙÌ‹Ì· ÙÔ˘·ÁÎfiÛÌÈÔ˘ ÏËı˘ÛÌÔ‡. ¶ÂÚ›Ô˘ ÙÔ 15-20% ÙÔ˘ ·ÁÎfi-ÛÌÈÔ˘ ÏËı˘ÛÌÔ‡, ‹ ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚÔÈ ·fi ¤Ó· ‰ÈÛÂηÙÔÌ̇-ÚÈÔ ¿ÓıÚˆÔÈ, ˙Ô˘Ó Ì ·Ó·Ëڛ˜. H ÚÒÙË ¶·ÁÎfiÛÌÈ·ŒÎıÂÛË ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ·Ó·ËÚ›· ·ÔηχÙÂÈ fiÙÈ ÙÔ ¤Ó· ¤ÌÙÔÂÍ ·˘ÙÒÓ, ‰ËÏ·‰‹ ÂÚ›Ô˘ 200 ÂηÙÔÌ̇ÚÈ· ¿ÓıÚˆÔÈ,·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ›˙Ô˘Ó ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈΤ˜ ‰˘ÛÎÔϛ˜ ÛÙËÓ Î·ıËÌÂÚÈÓfi-ÙËÙ¿ ÙÔ˘˜5. ™ÙȘ H¶A, Û‡Ìʈӷ Ì ٷ ÂÙ‹ÛÈ· ‰Â‰Ô̤ӷ ·-ÔÁÚ·Ê‹˜ Ô˘ Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÔÔÈ› ÙÔ ˘Ô˘ÚÁÂ›Ô ¶·È‰Â›·˜,ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ· ·fi 6.000.000 ·È‰È¿ Î·È Ó¤ÔÈ 3-21 ÂÙÒÓ Ì·ӷËڛ˜ ‰¤¯ÙËÎ·Ó ̆ ËÚÂۛ˜ ÂȉÈ΋˜ ·ÁˆÁ‹˜ ÙÔ Û¯ÔÏÈ-Îfi ¤ÙÔ˜ 2005-20062.

ANTIMETø¶I™H AÌÂA ™TI™ ¢IAºOPE™ ¶EPIO¢OY™TH™ KOINøNIKH™ E•E§I•H™

TÔ ˙‹ÙËÌ· ÙˆÓ ·È‰ÈÒÓ Ì ·Ó·ËÚ›· ¤¯ÂÈ ··Û¯ÔÏ‹ÛÂÈÙȘ ·ÓıÚÒÈÓ˜ ÎÔÈӈӛ˜ ·fi Ù· ÚÒÙ· ÛÙ¿‰È· Ù˘ ÂÌ-Ê¿ÓÈÛ‹˜ ÙÔ˘˜ Î·È Û˘Ó¯›˙ÂÈ Ó· ÙȘ ··Û¯ÔÏ› ̤¯ÚÈ Î·ÈÛ‹ÌÂÚ·. H ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛ‹ ÙÔ˘˜ ¤¯ÂÈ ÂÚ¿ÛÂÈ ·fi ÔÏÏ¿Î·È ÂÙÂÚfiÎÏËÙ· ÛÙ¿‰È· Î·È ¤¯ÂÈ Á›ÓÂÈ Ì ÔÈΛÏÔ˘˜ ÙÚfi-Ô˘˜. ø˜ Û˘ÓËı¤ÛÙÂÚÔÈ ÙÚfiÔÈ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛ˘, Ì ο-ÔÈ· ʈÙÂÈÓ¿ ‰È·Ï›ÌÌ·Ù·, ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÔÓÙ·È Ë ‚ÚÂÊÔÎÙÔÓ›·,ÔÈ ‚·Û·ÓÈÛÌÔ›, ÔÈ ÂÁÎÏÂÈÛÌÔ›, Ë ÂÁηٿÏÂÈ„Ë, Ô ÂÌ·ÈÁ-Ìfi˜, Ë ÂÎÌÂÙ¿ÏÏ¢ÛË, Ë ·ÔÌfiÓˆÛË, Ë ÂÏÂËÌÔÛ‡ÓË. AfiÙÔÓ ÚÔËÁÔ‡ÌÂÓÔ ·ÈÒÓ· ÔÈ ·fi„ÂȘ Î·È ÔÈ Û˘ÌÂÚÈÊÔ-Ú¤˜ ·˘Ù¤˜ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ‰È·ÊÔÚÔÔÈËı› Î·È Ï¤ÔÓ ÔÈ Û‡Á¯ÚÔ-Ó˜ ·fi„ÂȘ ÌÔÚԇ̠ӷ ԇ̠ˆ˜ ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚ›˙ÔÓÙ·È·fi ÙËÓ ÚÔÛÙ·Û›·, ÙËÓ ·Ô‰Ô¯‹ Î·È ÙÔ Û‚·ÛÌfi Ù˘‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈÎfiÙËÙ·˜ Î·È ÙˆÓ ‰ÈÎ·ÈˆÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÙÔ˘˜6. ™ÙȘ ÚˆÙfiÁÔÓ˜ ÎÔÈӈӛ˜ Ë ‚ÚÂÊÔÎÙÔÓ›· ÛÙȘ ÂÚÈ-ÙÒÛÂȘ AÌÂA ‹Ù·Ó ¢ڤˆ˜ ·Ô‰ÂÎÙ‹ Î·È Èı·ÓfiÓ ˘Ô-¯ÚˆÙÈ΋ Î·È Ù· ·Ó¿ËÚ· ¿ÙÔÌ· ›¯·Ó ̤ÛÔ fiÚÔ ̇ ˆ‹˜ Ù·2 ¯ÚfiÓÈ·. ™ÙÔÓ ·Ú¯·›Ô ÎfiÛÌÔ Ë ‚ÚÂÊÔÎÙÔÓ›· ‹Ù·Ó οÙÈÛ˘ÓËıÈṲ̂ÓÔ. EÍ·›ÚÂÛË ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡Û ̿ÏÏÔÓ Ë A›Á˘-ÙÔ˜, fiÔ˘ Ù· ¿ÙÔÌ· Ì οÔÈ· ·Ó·ËÚ›· ÚÔÛ¤ÊÂڷӉȷÊfiÚˆÓ ÂȉÒÓ ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ ÛÙËÓ ÔÏÈÙ›· ‹ Û ȉÈÒÙ˜.™ÙËÓ ·Ï·ÈÔÏÈıÈ΋ ÂÔ¯‹ ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó ÛÙÔȯ›· fiÙÈ ¯ÚËÛÈ-ÌÔÔÈÔ‡ÓÙ·Ó ÌÈ· ÚˆÙfiÙ˘Ë Ì¤ıÔ‰Ô˜ ıÂڷ›·˜ ÙÔ˘ ·-Ó¿ËÚÔ˘ ·ÙfiÌÔ˘ ·fi Ù· «Î·Î¿ Ó‡̷ٷ» Ô˘ ηÙÔÈ-ÎÔ‡Û·Ó ÛÙÔ ÎÂÊ¿ÏÈ ÙÔ˘. M ÂȉÈο ·È¯ÌËÚ¿ ÂÚÁ·Ï›·ÊÙÈ·Á̤ӷ ·fi ¤ÙÚ·, ÙÚ˘Ô‡Û·Ó ÙÔ ÎÚ·Ó›Ô ÙÔ˘ ·Ó¿Ë-ÚÔ˘ ·ÙfiÌÔ˘ ÁÈ· Ó· ‰È·Ê‡ÁÔ˘Ó Ù· ηο Ó‡̷ٷ. TÔÛÙÔÈ¯Â›Ô ·Ô‰ÂÈÎÓ‡ÂÙ·È ·fi ÙËÓ Â‡ÚÂÛË ÙˆÓ ··Ú·›ÙË-ÙˆÓ ÂÚÁ·Ï›ˆÓ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ Â¤Ì‚·ÛË ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ÙˆÓ ÙÚ˘Ë̤-ÓˆÓ ÎÚ·Ó›ˆÓ6. E‡ÚËÌ· ÎÚ·Ó›Ô˘ ˘‰ÚÔΤʷÏÔ˘ ·È‰ÈÔ‡ Ù˘ ÓÂÔÏÈıÈ΋˜ÂÚÈfi‰Ô˘, ˘ÔÏÔÁÈ˙fiÌÂÓ˘ ËÏÈΛ·˜ 5 ÂÙÒÓ, Ì·ÚÙ˘Ú› fiÙÈÛÙË ‰È¿ÚÎÂÈ· Ù˘ ˙ˆ‹˜ ÙÔ˘, ÙÔ˘ ›¯Â ·Ú·Û¯Âı› ÌÈ· η-Ï‹ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛË, Ô˘ ÙÔ˘ ¤ÙÚ„ ӷ ˙‹ÛÂÈ Ì¤¯ÚÈ ÙËÓËÏÈΛ· ÙˆÓ ¤ÓÙ ¯ÚfiÓˆÓ. E˘Ú‹Ì·Ù· Ù˘ ›‰È·˜ ÂÔ¯‹˜‰Â›¯ÓÔ˘Ó ˆ˜ ÔÈ ™Ô˘Ì¤ÚÈÔÈ, Ô ÚÒÙÔ˜ ÔÏÈÙÈṲ̂ÓÔ˜ Ï·-fi˜, ·Û¯ÔÏÔ‡ÓÙ·Ó Ì ٷ ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· ÙˆÓ ·Ó¿ËÚˆÓ ·Ó-ıÚÒˆÓ ‹‰Ë ·fi ÙÔ 4000 .X.7.™ÙËÓ ·Ú¯·›· EÏÏ¿‰· ÔÈ ·fi„ÂȘ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛËÙˆÓ AÌÂA ÔÈΛÏÏÔ˘Ó. ŒÙÛÈ ÛÙËÓ ·Ú¯·›· ™¿ÚÙË ÔÈ Nfi-ÌÔÈ ÙÔ˘ §˘ÎÔ‡ÚÁÔ˘ fiÚÈ˙·Ó fiÙÈ Ô ·Ù¤Ú·˜ fiÊÂÈÏ ӷ ·-ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿ÛÂÈ ÙÔ ÓÂÔÁ¤ÓÓËÙÔ ·È‰› ÙÔ˘ ÛÙË Û˘Ó¤Ï¢ÛË ÙˆÓÁÂÚfiÓÙˆÓ. EÊfiÛÔÓ ‹Ù·Ó ˘ÁȤ˜ ÁÈÓfiÙ·Ó ‰ÂÎÙfi ·fi ÙËÓÎÔÈÓfiÙËÙ·. ™Â ·ÓÙ›ıÂÙË ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË ÙÔ ÌÂÙ¤ÊÂÚ·Ó ÛÙÔÓT·˛ÁÂÙÔ Î·È ÙÔ ¤ÚÈ¯Ó·Ó ÛÙË ̄ ·Ú¿‰Ú· ÙÔ˘ K·È¿‰·7. AÍ›˙ÂÈÓ· ÛËÌÂȈı› ¿ÓÙˆ˜ fiÙÈ Î¿ÔÈÔÈ ·ÌÊÈÛ‚ËÙÔ‡Ó fiÙÈ ·˘ÙfiÛ˘Ó¤‚·ÈÓ ڷÁÌ·ÙÈο.AÓ·ÊÔÚ¤˜ ÁÈ· Ù· ¿ÙÔÌ· Ì ÂȉÈΤ˜ ·Ó¿ÁΘ ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘ÓÛÙÔÓ ŸÌËÚÔ, Ô ÔÔ›Ô˜ Ù· ‰È·ÎÚ›ÓÂÈ Û ·Ó›Î·Ó·, ÎÔ˘Ù¿,ÓÔËÙÈο ηı˘ÛÙÂÚË̤ӷ Î·È ÙÚÂÏ¿. M¿ÏÈÛÙ· Û˘ÓÈÛÙ¿ ÙËÌÔ˘ÛÈ΋ ÁÈ· ÂÛˆÙÂÚÈ΋ „˘¯È΋ Á·Ï‹ÓË Î·È ÙËÓ ÂÚÁ·Û›·ÁÈ· ÙË ıÂڷ›· ÙˆÓ „˘¯ÒÛˆÓ1. ™›ÁÔ˘Ú· ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È Ù˘¯·›· Ë Ï·ÙÚ›· ÙÔ˘ ·Ó¿ËÚÔ˘ ◊Ê·È-ÛÙÔ˘ ÛÙÔ Û˘Ì‚ÔÏÈÛÙÈÎfi ¢ˆ‰ÂοıÂÔ Ù˘ ·Ú¯·›·˜ EÏÏ¿-‰·˜. ŸÌˆ˜, ·Í›˙ÂÈ Ó· ÛËÌÂȈı› ˆ˜, Ô ·Ó¿ËÚÔ˜ ◊Ê·È-ÛÙÔ˜ Â›Ó·È Ô ÌÔÓ·‰ÈÎfi˜ ıÂfi˜ ÙÔ˘ OχÌÔ˘, Ô ÔÔ›Ô˜ ·-

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∞Ó·ÛÎfiËÛË

ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 31-36, 2013

ÚfiÏÔ Ô˘ ÚÔÛˆÔÔÈ› ÙË ÊˆÙÈ¿, ÁÂÓÂÛÈÔ˘ÚÁfi ÛÙÔÈ-¯Â›Ô ÙÔ˘ ·ÓıÚÒÈÓÔ˘ ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÔ‡, ‰ÂÓ ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÂÙ·È ÁÈ· ÙÔÌÂÁ·ÏÂ›Ô ‹ ÙË ÁÔËÙ›· ÙÔ˘. AÎfiÌ· Î·È Ë Ì¿ÓÓ· ÙÔ˘ ◊Ú·ÙÔÓ ··ÚÓ‹ıËÎÂ Î·È Ê¤ÚÂÙ·È Ó· ϤÂÈ ÛÙÔÓ OÌËÚÈÎfi ‡ÌÓÔÙÔÓ ·ÊÈÂڈ̤ÓÔ ÛÙÔÓ AfiÏψӷ: «A’ fiÏÔ˘˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ·ı¿-Ó·ÙÔ˘˜ ÌfiÓÔ Ô ‰ÈÎfi˜ ÌÔ˘ ÁÈfi˜ Â›Ó·È ·Ó¿ËÚÔ˜ Î·È ÛÙÚ·-‚Ôfi‰·ÚÔ˜. °È· ÙÔ‡ÙÔ ÙË Ì¤Ú· Ô˘ ÁÂÓÓ‹ıËΠÙÔÓ ¤Ù·-Í· ÛÙË ı¿Ï·ÛÛ·. TÔÓ Ì¿˙„ fï˜ Ë ÎfiÚË ÙÔ˘ NËÚ¤·, Ë£¤Ùȉ· Ë ·ÛËÌÔfi‰·ÚË Î·È ÙÔÓ ·Ó¿ıÚ„ ·ÓÙ¿Ì· Ì ÙȘ·‰ÂÏʤ˜ Ù˘». °ÂÁÔÓfi˜ Ô˘ ÂȂ‚·ÈÒÓÂÈ Ô ◊Ê·ÈÛÙԘϤÁÔÓÙ·˜ «EΛÓË Ì’ ¤ÛˆÛÂ, ÙfiÙ Ԣ Ë Í‰ȿÓÙÚÔËÌ¿ÓÓ· ÌÔ˘ Ì’ ¤ÚÈÍ ·fi „ËÏ¿ ÎÈ ÔÈ fiÓÔÈ Ì ıÂÚ›˙·ÓÂ, ÁÈ·-Ù› ‹ıÂÏ ÙËÓ ·Û΋ÌÈ· Î·È ÙËÓ ·Ó·ËÚ›· Ó· ÎÚ‡„ÂÈ...»8.™ÙËÓ ·Ú¯·›· EÏÏ¿‰· ı· Û˘Ó·ÓÙ‹ÛÔ˘Ì ÙfiÛÔ ·ÓÙÈÏ‹„ÂȘfiÙÈ Ë ·ÚÚÒÛÙÈ· Î·È Ë Ê˘ÛÈ΋ ·Ó·ËÚ›· ÛËÌ·›ÓÔ˘Ó ÎÔÈÓˆ-ÓÈ΋ ·¯ÚËÛÙ›·, fiÛÔ Î·È ˘ÔÛÙËÚÈÎÙÈΤ˜ ·fi„ÂȘ ÁÈ· Ù·¿Û¯ÔÓÙ· ·È‰È¿ Î·È ¿ÙÔÌ·. E›Ó·È ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚÈÛÙÈ΋ Ë Â-Ú›ÙˆÛË Ù˘ AÓÙÈÁfiÓ˘, Ë ÔÔ›· ÚÔÂȉÔÔÈ‹ıËΠfiÙÈ ı·ÂÍÔÚÈÛÙ› Ì·˙› Ì ÙÔÓ Oȉ›Ô‰·, ÁÈ·Ù› Ë Û˘Ó·Ó·ÛÙÚÔÊ‹ ̤ӷ Ù˘ÊÏfi Â›Ó·È ÓÙÚÔÈ·ÛÙÈ΋. E›Û˘ Ô ¶Ï¿ÙˆÓ·˜ ÛÙËÓ¶ÔÏÈÙ›· ÙÔÔıÂÙÂ›Ù·È ·ÚÓËÙÈο ·¤Ó·ÓÙÈ ÛÙÔ˘˜ ·Ó¿Ë-ÚÔ˘˜, ÂÓÒ ÛÙÔ˘˜ NfiÌÔ˘˜ Û˘ÓÈÛÙ¿ fiÙÈ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ·Ú¤¯Â-Ù·È Ë ›‰È· ·ÁˆÁ‹ ÁÈ· fiÏ· Ù· ¿ÙÔÌ· Î·È ÙˆÓ ‰˘Ô ʇψÓ, ·-ÓÂÍ¿ÚÙËÙ· ·fi ÙÔ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎfi ÛÙÚÒÌ· Ô˘ ·Ó‹ÎÔ˘Ó ‹ ÙÔ‚·ıÌfi Â˘Ê˘˝·˜ Ô˘ ‰È·ı¤ÙÔ˘Ó. O ›‰ÈÔ˜ ˘ÔÛÙËÚ›˙ÂÈ fiÙÈ Ë·ÙÔÌÈÎfiÙËÙ· ÙÔ˘ Ì·ıËÙ‹ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ·ÔÙÂÏ› ÙË ‚¿ÛË Ù˘Âη›‰Â˘Û˘. O AÚÈÛÙÔÙ¤Ï˘ ¤Î·Ó ÏfiÁÔ ÁÈ· ÙȘ ̆ Ô¯ÚÂ-ÒÛÂȘ Ù˘ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·˜ ÚÔ˜ Ù· ¿ÙÔÌ· Ì ·Ó·ËÚ›·, ·Û¯Ô-Ï‹ıËΠȉȷ›ÙÂÚ· Ì ÙÔ˘˜ Ù˘ÊÏÔ‡˜ Î·È ÙÔ˘˜ ΈÊÔ‡˜ ηÈÚÔÙ›ÓÂÈ ÎÔÈÓfi Û¯ÔÏÂÈfi ÁÈ· fiÏ· Ù· ·È‰È¿. O ¢ËÌfiÎÚÈÙÔ˜··ÈÙÔ‡Û ·ÁˆÁ‹ ÁÈ· fiÏÔ˘˜, ¯ˆÚ›˜ ‰È¿ÎÚÈÛË Î·È ¤‰ÈÓ È-‰È·›ÙÂÚË ¤ÌÊ·ÛË ÛÙË ‰È‰·Ûηϛ· Î·È fi¯È ÛÙË Ê‡ÛË ÙÔ˘ ·-ÙfiÌÔ˘, ÂÓÒ Ô £ÂfiÊÚ·ÛÙÔ˜ ‰Â›¯ÓÂÈ ÂӉȷʤÚÔÓ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ·-ÁˆÁ‹ ÙˆÓ Î·ı˘ÛÙÂÚËÌ¤ÓˆÓ ·È‰ÈÒÓ1. E›Û˘, Ù· ·Ó¿Ë-Ú· ¿ÙÔÌ· ¤·ÈÚÓ·Ó Î·È ¤Ó· ›‰ÔÌ·, ÙÔ Â›‰ÔÌ· «¶ÂÚ› ·-‰˘Ó¿ÙˆÓ». T· ı¤Ì·Ù· Ù˘ ·Ó·ËÚ›·˜ Î·È ÙˆÓ ÓÔËÙÈÎÒÓÎ·È „˘¯ÈÎÒÓ ·ı‹ÛÂˆÓ ÚÔÛÂÁÁ›˙ÔÓÙ·È ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈο ÁÈ·ÚÒÙË ÊÔÚ¿ ·fi ÙÔÓ IÔÎÚ¿ÙË (4Ô˜ ·È. .X.). O IÔ-ÎÚ¿Ù˘ ·ÌÊÈÛ‚‹ÙËÛ ÙȘ ‰ÂÈÛȉ·ÈÌÔӛ˜ ÁÈ· ÙÔ˘˜ ‰·›ÌÔ-Ó˜ Î·È ÙÔ˘˜ ıÂÔ‡˜ Ô˘ ÚÔηÏÔ‡Ó ÙȘ ‰È·ÊfiÚÔ˘ Ù‡Ô˘·Ó·Ëڛ˜, ÓÔËÙÈΤ˜ ‹ „˘¯ÈΤ˜ ‰È·Ù·Ú·¯¤˜, ÙȘ Ôԛ˜ ·-¤‰ˆÛ Û ·Ûı¤ÓÂȘ. O ›‰ÈÔ˜ ·Û¯ÔÏ‹ıËΠ̠„˘¯Èο ·-ÛıÂÓ›˜ Î·È ÓÔËÙÈο ηı˘ÛÙÂÚË̤ӷ ¿ÙÔÌ·6, 9. H ·Ú¯·›· PÒÌË ÂÂʇϷÍ ¿Û¯ËÌË ÌÔ›Ú· ÛÙ· AÌÂA. H¢ˆ‰Âο‰ÂÏÙÔ˜, Ô ÚÒÙÔ˜ ÓÔÌÈÎfi˜ ÎÒ‰Èη˜ Ù˘ PÒÌ˘,fiÚÈ˙ ÙË ÌÂÙ·¯Â›ÚÈÛË ÙˆÓ ·È‰ÈÒÓ Ì ·Ú·ÌÔÚÊÒÛÂȘ.AӷʤÚÂÙ·È fiÙÈ Û˘¯Ó¿ Ù· ·È‰È¿ ·˘Ù¿ Ù· ÂÙÔ‡Û·Ó ÛÙÔ‰ÚfiÌÔ, Ù· ¤ÓÈÁ·Ó, Ù· ÂÙÔ‡Û·Ó ÛÙÔÓ T›‚ÂÚË ‹ Ù· ÂÁη-Ù¤ÏÂÈ·Ó Û ÂÚËÌÈΤ˜ ÙÔÔıÂۛ˜9. H ‚ÚÂÊÔÎÙÔÓ›· Û˘ÓÂ-¯›˙ÂÙ·È ÙËÓ ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô ·˘Ù‹, ÂÓÒ Û˘¯Ó¿ Ù· ·Ó¿ËÚ· ¿ÙÔÌ·¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÔ‡ÓÙ·È ˆ˜ ˘ËÚ¤Ù˜ ‹ ÁÂψÙÔÔÈÔ›. E›Û˘·ÁÔÚ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È ·fi Ù· ÛÎÏ·‚Ô¿˙·Ú· Î·È ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÔ‡-ÓÙ·È ·fi ÙÔ˘˜ ÏÔ‡ÛÈÔ˘˜ Ù˘ ÂÔ¯‹˜ ÛÙ· Û˘ÌfiÛÈ· ÁÈ·ÛÂÍÔ˘·ÏÈ΋ ‰È·ÛΤ‰·ÛË Î·È ¯Ï¢·ÛÌfi. O ı¿Ó·ÙÔ˜ ÌÂÙ¿ÙË ¯Ú‹ÛË ·˘Ù‹ ‹Ù·Ó ۯ‰fiÓ ‚¤‚·ÈÔ˜10.™‡Ìʈӷ Ì ÙËÓ E‚Ú·˚΋ ·Ú¿‰ÔÛË Î·È ÙËÓ ¶·Ï·È¿ ¢È·-ı‹ÎË ‰ÂÓ ÂÈÙÚ¤ÂÙ·È «Ù˘ÊÏÔ› Î·È ·Ú¿Ï˘ÙÔÈ Ó· Ì·›-ÓÔ˘Ó ÛÙÔÓ O›ÎÔ». T· ¿ÙÔÌ· Ì ·Ó·Ëڛ˜ Î·È ÓÔËÙÈ΋ ˘-ÛÙ¤ÚËÛË ıˆÚÔ‡ÓÙ·È «MÒÌÔÈ» Î·È ·ÔÎÏ›ÔÓÙ·È ·fi ÙÔÓ

ÙfiÔ Ù˘ IÔ˘‰·˚΋˜ Ï·ÙÚ›·˜. ™Ù· E‚Ú·˚ο ΛÌÂÓ· ηÈÛÙȘ ‰Ôͷۛ˜ ÙˆÓ E‚Ú·›ˆÓ, ÙÔ ·Ó¿ËÚÔ ¿ÙÔÌÔ Ê¤ÚÂÈ¢ı‡ÓË ÁÈ· ÙËÓ Î·Ù¿ÛÙ·Û‹ ÙÔ˘. H ·ÚÚÒÛÙÈ·, ÔÈ ‰˘ÛÌÔÚ-ʛ˜ Î·È Ù· ÌÂÈÔÓÂÎÙ‹Ì·Ù· ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡Ó ıÂ˚Τ˜ ÔÈÓ¤˜ ÁÈ··Ì·Úٛ˜ ÙÔ˘ ·ÚÂÏıfiÓÙÔ˜. K·È ÛÙËÓ ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË ·˘Ù‹‰È·ÈÛÙÒÓÔÓÙ·È ·ÓÙÈÊ¿ÛÂȘ. ŒÙÛÈ Ô £Âfi˜ ¤ÏÂÍ ÙÔMˆ˘Û‹ ˆ˜ ÂÎÏÂÎÙfi ÙÔ˘ ÁÈ· ÙË ÛˆÙËÚ›· ÙÔ˘ Ï·Ô‡ ÙÔ˘IÛÚ·‹Ï, ·ÚfiÙÈ Â›¯Â Úfi‚ÏËÌ· Ì ÙËÓ ÔÌÈÏ›· ÙÔ˘. E›Û˘fiÙÈ Û Î›ÌÂÓ· Ù˘ ¶·Ï·È¿˜ ¢È·ı‹Î˘ Î·È Û ‰È¿ÊÔÚ·¯ˆÚ›· Ù˘, ÂÎÊÚ¿˙ÂÙ·È ÙÔ ÂӉȷʤÚÔÓ, Ë Ì¤ÚÈÌÓ· Î·È Ë ·-Ó¿ÁÎË ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜ ÚÔ˜ ÙÔ˘˜ Ù˘ÊÏÔ‡˜, ÙÔ˘˜ ¯ˆÏÔ‡˜ ηÈÙÔ˘˜ ·Ó‹ÌÔÚÔ˘˜11.™ÙËÓ K·ÈÓ‹ ¢È·ı‹ÎË Ù· Ú¿ÁÌ·Ù· ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ›˙ÔÓÙ·È ‰È·-ÊÔÚÂÙÈο. O XÚÈÛÙfi˜, ÛÙËÓ ÂÚÒÙËÛË ÙˆÓ Ì·ıËÙÒÓ ÙÔ˘ÁÈ· ÙÔÓ Ù˘ÊÏfi, «¶ÔÈÔ˜ ¢ı‡ÓÂÙ·È Ô˘ Â›Ó·È Ù˘ÊÏfi˜, Ô ›-‰ÈÔ˜ ‹ ÔÈ ÁÔÓ›˜ ÙÔ˘;» -ÂÚÒÙËÛË Ô˘ ‰Â›¯ÓÂÈ ÙËÓ Î˘Ú›·Ú-¯Ë ¿Ô„Ë Ù˘ ÂÔ¯‹˜- ‰È·ÊÔÚÔÔÈ› ÙË ı¤ÛË ÙÔ˘ ·fi·˘Ù‹Ó Ù˘ ¶·Ï·È¿˜ ¢È·ı‹Î˘, ϤÁÔÓÙ·˜ ˆ˜ «O‡Ù ·˘-Ùfi˜ ·Ì¿ÚÙËÛÂ, Ô‡Ù ÔÈ ÁÔÓ›˜ ÙÔ˘». øÛÙfiÛÔ Î·È ÛÙË ¯ÚÈ-ÛÙÈ·ÓÈ΋ ·ÓÙ›ÏË„Ë Û˘Ó·ÓÙ¿Ù·È Ë ¿Ô„Ë fiÙÈ Ù· ¿ÙÔÌ· Ì·ӷËڛ˜ ÏËÚÒÓÔ˘Ó ÙȘ ·Ì·Úٛ˜ ÙˆÓ ÚÔÁfiÓˆÓÙÔ˘˜. H ·ÓÙ›ÏË„Ë Ô˘ ÂÈÎÚ·Ù› ÛÙ· B˘˙·ÓÙÈÓ¿ ¯ÚfiÓÈ·Â›Ó·È fiÙÈ ÔÈ ·Ûı¤ÓÂȘ Î·È ÔÈ ·ı‹ÛÂȘ Â›Ó·È ÛÙ·Ï̤Ó˜ ·-fi ÙÔ £Âfi Î·È Ô‰ËÁÔ‡Ó ÛÙÔÓ ÂÍ·ÁÓÈÛÌfi. H ·Ó·ËÚ›· ıÂ-ˆÚÂ›Ù·È ¿ıËÛË Î·È Ë Î·Ù¿ÛÙ·ÛË ·˘Ù‹ ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚ›˙ÂÙ·Èı¿ÚÂÛÙË ÁÈ·Ù› ÂÍ·ÁÓ›˙ÂÈ Î·È ÌÔÚ› Ó· Ô‰ËÁ‹ÛÂÈ ÙÔ ¿ÙÔ-ÌÔ ÛÙËÓ Î¿ı·ÚÛË Ù˘ „˘¯‹˜ Î·È ÙÔ˘ Ó‡̷Ùfi˜ ÙÔ˘1.T·˘Ùfi¯ÚÔÓ·, ηıÒ˜ Â›Ó·È ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô˜ Ô˘ ·Ú¯›˙Ô˘Ó Ó· Â-Ê·ÚÌfi˙ÔÓÙ·È ÔÏÈÙÈΤ˜ ÚfiÓÔÈ·˜, ·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿˙ÂÙ·È ÌÈ· Ù¿-ÛË ÚÔ˜ Ù· ÊÈÏ·ÓıÚˆÈο ¤ÚÁ· Î·È È‰Ú‡ÔÓÙ·È ÁÈ· ÚÒÙËÊÔÚ¿ ȉڇ̷ٷ (Ù˘ÊÏÔÎÔÌ›·, ¿Û˘Ï· ·ÓÈ¿ÙˆÓ Î.Ï.),ÛÙ· ÔÔ›·, fiˆ˜ Î·È ÛÙ· ÌÔÓ·ÛÙ‹ÚÈ·, ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÂÁÎÏÂÈ-ÛÙÔ‡Ó ·Ó¿ËÚÔÈ. §·Ì‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó ¯ÒÚ· ÏÔÈfiÓ, ÔÈ ÚÒÙ˜ÚÔÛ¿ıÂȘ ÁÈ· ̤ÚÈÌÓ· ·˘ÙÒÓ ÙˆÓ ·ÙfïÓ, ÔÈ Ôԛ˜ÛÙfi¯Â˘·Ó ÛÙËÓ ·ÚˆÁ‹ ·ÏÏ¿ fi¯È ÛÙËÓ Âη›‰Â˘ÛË ‹ ÛÙËÓ¤ÓÙ·ÍË ÙÔ˘˜1, 10.™Ù· ÛÎÔÙÂÈÓ¿ ̄ ÚfiÓÈ· ÙÔ˘ MÂÛ·›ˆÓ· Î·È Ù˘ IÂÚ¿˜ Eͤٷ-Û˘, Ë ıÚËÛÎÔÏË„›· Ô˘ ÂÈÎÚ¿ÙËÛ ¤‚·ÏÏ ÙËÓ ¿Ô-„Ë fiÙÈ Ë ÛˆÌ·ÙÈ΋ Î·È Ë ‰È·ÓÔËÙÈ΋ ·Ó·ËÚ›· ‹Ù·Ó ÙÈ̈-Ú›· ·fi ÙÔ £Âfi. O ͢ÏÔ‰·ÚÌfi˜ ‹Ù·Ó ÚÔÛÊÈÏ‹˜ ̤ıÔ-‰Ô˜ ıÂڷ›·˜ Ù˘ ·Ó·ËÚ›·˜ Î·È Ù˘ ÓÔËÙÈ΋˜ ˘ÛÙ¤ÚË-Û˘. H ÓÔËÙÈ΋ ˘ÛÙ¤ÚËÛË ıˆÚÔ‡ÓÙ·Ó ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ· Ù˘ηٿÏ˄˘ ÙÔ˘ ·ÙfiÌÔ˘ ·fi οÔÈÔ ‰·›ÌÔÓ· Î·È ÙÔ ›‰ÈÔÙÔ ¿ÙÔÌÔ ‹Ù·Ó ·Ì·ÚÙˆÏfi. M ‰È¿Ù·ÁÌ· ÙÔ˘ ¶¿· IÓÓÔ-ΤÓÙÈÔ˘ ÙÔ˘ Z’ ÙÔ 1484 ¯ÈÏÈ¿‰Â˜ ¿ÙÔÌ· Ì ·Ó·Ëڛ˜ Ô-‰ËÁ‹ıËÎ·Ó ÛÙËÓ IÂÚ¿ EͤٷÛË Î·È Î·ıÒ˜ ‰Â ÌÔÚÔ‡Û·ÓÓ· ˘ÂÚ·ÛÈÛÙÔ‡Ó ÙÔÓ Â·˘Ùfi ÙÔ˘˜, ηٷ‰ÈοÛÙËÎ·Ó Î·ÈÔ‰ËÁ‹ıËÎ·Ó ÛÙËÓ ˘Ú¿ ÌÂÙ¿ ·fi ÊÚȯٿ ‚·Û·ÓÈÛÙ‹ÚÈ·.TËÓ ›‰È· ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô ·Ó¿ËÚ· Î·È ÌÈÎÚfiۈ̷ ¿ÙÔÌ· ¯ÚËÛÈ-ÌÔÔÈÔ‡ÓÙ·Ó ˆ˜ ÁÂψÙÔÔÈÔ›1, 10. M ÙËÓ AÓ·Á¤ÓÓËÛË, Ë Î·Ù¿ÛÙ·ÛË Î¿ˆ˜ ‚ÂÏÙÈÒıËÎÂ. HÎÔÈÓˆÓ›· ¿Ú¯ÈÛ ӷ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ›˙ÂÈ ÈÔ ·ÓıÚÒÈÓ· Ù· ¿ÙÔ-Ì· Ì ·Ó·Ëڛ˜, ·ÚfiÏÔ Ô˘ Û˘Ó¯›˙ÂÙ·È Ë ÂÎÌÂÙ¿Ï-ÏÂ˘Û‹ ÙÔ˘˜, Ì ÙËÓ ÂÌÊ¿ÓÈÛË ÁÈ· ·Ú¿‰ÂÈÁÌ· ÛÙÔ ÙÛ›Ú-ÎÔ ˘‰ÚÔΤʷψÓ, Ó¿ÓˆÓ Î.Ï. O Â˘Úˆ·˚Îfi˜ ¢È·ÊˆÙÈ-ÛÌfi˜ Î·È Ë °·ÏÏÈ΋ E·Ó¿ÛÙ·ÛË Ì ٷ ÎËÚ‡ÁÌ·Ù· Ù˘ È-ÛfiÙËÙ·˜, Ù˘ ·‰ÂÏÊfiÙËÙ·˜ Î·È Ù˘ ‰ÈηÈÔÛ‡Ó˘ ı· ʤ-ÚÔ˘Ó Ù· ÚÒÙ· ÎËÚ‡ÁÌ·Ù· ÁÈ· ÈÛfiÙËÙ· Î·È Ì·˙› ÙȘ ÚÒ-Ù˜ ÚÔÛ¿ıÂȘ ÁÈ· Âη›‰Â˘ÛË Î·È ·ÁˆÁ‹ ÙˆÓ AÌÂA.

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∞Ó·ÛÎfiËÛË

ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 31-36, 2013

™Ù· Ù¤ÏË ÙÔ˘ 17Ô˘ ·ÈÒÓ·, ÛÙËÓ A‚ÈÓÈfiÓ Ù˘ °·ÏÏ›·˜ ı·ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ‹ÛÂÈ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂ›Ô ÁÈ· Έʿ ·È‰È¿ ˘fi ÙË ‰È‡-ı˘ÓÛË ÙÔ˘ J. Itard. TÔ Û¯ÔÏÂ›Ô ·˘Ùfi ¤ÁÈÓ ‰È¿ÛËÌÔ ÁÈ·ÙËÓ ÚÔÛ¿ıÂÈ· Âη›‰Â˘Û˘ ·fi ÙÔ J. Itard ÙÔ˘ BÈÎÙfiÚ,ÙÔ˘ «¿ÁÚÈÔ˘ ÙÔ˘ Aveyron», ÂÓfi˜ Ó·ÚÔ‡ Ô˘ ÌÂÁ¿ÏˆÛÂÛÙËÓ ÂÚËÌÈ¿ Î·È Ë ÈÛÙÔÚ›· ÙÔ˘ Û˘ÁÎÏfiÓÈÛ ÙË Á·ÏÏÈ΋ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›· ÁÈ· ÌÂÁ¿ÏÔ ¯ÚÔÓÈÎfi ‰È¿ÛÙËÌ·. TÔ ËÌÂÚÔÏfiÁÈÔÔ˘ ÎÚ·ÙÔ‡ÛÂ Ô ·È‰·ÁˆÁfi˜ J. Itard, fiÛÔ ·Û¯ÔÏÈfiÙ·Ó ÌÂÙÔÓ BÈÎÙfiÚ, ·ÔÙÂÏ› ÙÔ ÚÒÙÔ ‚È‚Ï›Ô ÂȉÈ΋˜ ·ÁˆÁ‹˜Ô˘ ÂÚȤ¯ÂÈ ÛÙfi¯Ô˘˜, ÌÂıÔ‰ÔÏÔÁ›· Î·È ·ÍÈÔÏfiÁËÛË ÙˆÓÂÊ·ÚÌÔ˙fiÌÂÓˆÓ ÌÂıfi‰ˆÓ. O J. Itard ÂÊ¿ÚÌÔÛ ÙÔÏÌË-Ú¤˜ ·È‰·ÁˆÁÈΤ˜ ·fi„ÂȘ, Ì ÙÚfiÔ ˘Ô‰ÂÈÁÌ·ÙÈÎfi ·-ÎfiÌ· Î·È ÁÈ· ÙË ÛËÌÂÚÈÓ‹ ÂÔ¯‹7, 10. ™Ù· Ù¤ÏË ÙÔ˘ 18Ô˘ ·È-ÒÓ· ¿Ú¯ÈÛ·Ó Ó· ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó Î·ÓÔÓÈο ÔÚÁ·ÓˆÌ¤Ó·Û¯ÔÏ›· ÁÈ· Ù˘ÊÏÔ‡˜ Î·È ÎˆÊÔ‡˜ ·ÏÏ¿ ÂÏ¿¯ÈÛÙ· Á›ÓÔ-ÓÙ·Ó ÁÈ· Ù· ·È‰È¿ Ì ۈ̷ÙÈ΋ Î·È ÓÔËÙÈ΋ ·Ó·ËÚ›·9.T· ȉڇ̷ٷ Ô˘ ȉڇÔÓÙ·Ó ÂΛÓË ÙËÓ ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô ‹Ù·Ó ΢-Ú›ˆ˜ ¿Û˘Ï·, Ô˘ ›¯·Ó ÛÎÔfi Ó· Û˘ÁÎÂÓÙÚÒÛÔ˘Ó Ù· ¿-ÙÔÌ· Ì ÂȉÈΤ˜ ·Ó¿ÁΘ ÒÛÙ ӷ ÌËÓ Î˘ÎÏÔÊÔÚÔ‡Ó Ì·˙›Ì ÙÔ˘˜ «Î·ÓÔÓÈÎÔ‡˜». M¤¯ÚÈ ÙÔ 19Ô ·ÈÒÓ· ΢ÚÈ·Ú¯Ô‡ÛÂË ¿Ô„Ë Ù˘ ·ÔÌfiÓˆÛ˘ ÙˆÓ «‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈÎÒÓ»1. O˘ÛÈ·ÛÙÈο, Ë ·Ú¯‹ Ù˘ EȉÈ΋˜ AÁˆÁ‹˜ Î·È Ë ıÂÒÚËÛ‹Ù˘ ̂ ˜ ÎÚ·ÙÈ΋ ¢ı‡ÓË ÙÔÔıÂÙÂ›Ù·È ÙÔ 19Ô-20Ô ·ÈÒÓ·, fi-Ô˘ ʈÙÂÈÓ¿ Ì˘·Ï¿ ÌÂÁ¿ÏˆÓ ·È‰·ÁˆÁÒÓ (Montessori,Braille, Î.¿.) ÛÙÚ¤ÊÔ˘Ó ÙÔ ÂӉȷʤÚÔÓ ÙfiÛÔ ÛÙËÓ Âη›-‰Â˘ÛË ÙˆÓ ·ÙfiÌˆÓ Ì ·Ó·ËÚ›·, fiÛÔ Î·È ÛÙËÓ ·Ô‰Ô¯‹Ù˘ ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈÎfiÙËÙ¿˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ·fi ÙÔ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎfi Û‡ÓÔÏÔ. O20Ô˜ ·ÈÒÓ·˜ ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚ›˙ÂÙ·È ·fi ÙË Û˘Ó¯‹ ÌÂϤÙË Î·ÈÙËÓ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈ΋ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛË Ù˘ ·Ó·ËÚ›·˜, Ì ÔχÛËÌ·ÓÙÈο Â˘Ú‹Ì·Ù· Î·È ÌÂÁ¿ÏË ÚfiÔ‰Ô ÛÙȘ ÛÙ¿ÛÂÈ˜Î·È ·ÓÙÈÏ‹„ÂȘ Ô˘ ‰È·ÌÔÚÊÒÓÔÓÙ·Ó. OÈ ‰‡Ô ¶·ÁÎfiÛÌÈ-ÔÈ ¶fiÏÂÌÔÈ Î·ı˘ÛÙ¤ÚËÛ·Ó ÙËÓ ÂͤÏÈÍË ·˘Ù‹˜ Ù˘ ‰È·‰È-ηۛ·˜, Ô˘ ¤ÙÛÈ ÎÈ ·ÏÏÈÒ˜ ‹Ù·Ó Û ÚÒÈÌÔ ÛÙ¿‰ÈÔ6.H ÈÔ ·¿ÓıÚˆË ÛÙ¿ÛË Û‡Á¯ÚÔÓ˘ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·˜ ·¤Ó·ÓÙÈÛÙ· AÌÂA ηٷÁÚ¿ÊËΠÙËÓ ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô ÙÔ˘ °’ P¿È¯ Î·È ÙÔ˘2Ô˘ ¶·ÁÎÔÛÌ›Ô˘ ¶ÔϤÌÔ˘. E›Ó·È ·ÍÈÔÛËÌ›ˆÙÔ fiÙÈ, ÂÓÒÙÔ 1933 ›¯·Ó ηٷÁÚ·Ê› 56.000 AÌÂA ÛÙË °ÂÚÌ·Ó›·, ÙÔ1934 ‰ÂÓ ‚Ú›ÛÎÂÙ·È Î·Ó¤Ó· ηٷÁÂÁÚ·Ì̤ÓÔ10. H ÂÍfiÓÙˆ-ÛË ÙˆÓ AÌÂA. ÛÙË °ÂÚÌ·Ó›· ÛÙË ‰È¿ÚÎÂÈ· Ù˘ XÈÙÏÂÚÈ΋˜ÂÚÈfi‰Ô˘ ‚·Û›ÛÙËΠÛÙȘ ΢ڛ·Ú¯Â˜ Ê·ÛÈÛÙÈΤ˜ ·fi„ÂȘÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÂÍfiÓÙˆÛË fiÏˆÓ fiÛˆÓ ‰ÂÓ ·ÓÙ·ÔÎÚ›ÓÔÓÙ·Ó ÛÙÔÚfiÙ˘Ô Ù˘ ÕÚÈ·˜ Ê˘Ï‹˜. ¢Â‡ÙÂÚÔ ÎÚÈÙ‹ÚÈÔ ÂÈÏÔÁ‹˜ÙˆÓ ·ÓıÚÒˆÓ Ô˘ ¤Ú ӷ ÂÍÔÓÙˆıÔ‡Ó ‹Ù·Ó Ë ·ÓÈη-ÓfiÙËÙ¿ ÙÔ˘˜ ÁÈ· ·Ú·ÁˆÁÈ΋ ÂÚÁ·Û›·1. ™ÙËÓ ›‰È· ÂÚÈÔ¯‹Ù˘ E˘ÚÒ˘, ÙËÓ °ÂÚÌ·Ó›· Î·È Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ӷ ÛÙËÓ ÚÒ-ËÓ §·˚΋ ¢ËÌÔÎÚ·Ù›· Ù˘ °ÂÚÌ·Ó›·˜, ‚Ú¤ıËÎ·Ó ÛÙȘ ·Ú-¯¤˜ Ù˘ ‰ÂηÂÙ›·˜ ÙÔ˘ ’90 AÌÂA ¯ˆÚ›˜ ÔÓÔÌ·ÙÂÒÓ˘ÌÔ,ÁÈ· Ù· ÔÔ›· ÂÎÊÚ¿ÛÙËÎ·Ó Êfi‚ÔÈ fiÙÈ ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÔ‡ÓÙ·Óˆ˜ ÂÈÚ·Ì·Ùfi˙ˆ· Û ʷÚÌ·ÎÔ‚ÈÔÌ˯·Ó›Â˜10. H ·¿ÓıÚˆË ÌÂÙ·¯Â›ÚÈÛË ÙˆÓ AÌÂA Û˘Ó¯›˙ÂÙ·È ÔχÌÂÙ¿ ÙÔ B’ ¶·ÁÎfiÛÌÈÔ ¶fiÏÂÌÔ Î·È ·Ú¿ ÙȘ ‰ÈÂıÓ›˜ ·-ÔÊ¿ÛÂȘ Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÏËÊı›. TË ‰ÂηÂÙ›· ÙÔ˘ 1960, ÛÙȘH¶A, ·ÔηχÊıËΠfiÙÈ ÛÙÔ Willowbrook State HospitalÙ˘ N¤·˜ YfiÚ΢, ηı˘ÛÙÂÚË̤ӷ ·È‰È¿ ÌÔχÓÔÓÙ·Ó Â-ÛÎÂÌ̤ӷ Ì ÙÔÓ Èfi Ù˘ Ë·Ù›Ùȉ·˜, ÚÔÎÂÈ̤ÓÔ˘ Ó· ÌÂ-ÏÂÙËı› Ë ÔÚ›· Ù˘ ÓfiÛÔ˘12. TÔ Â›ÛËÌÔ ÎÚ¿ÙÔ˜ ÙˆÓH¶A ̇ ‹ÙËÛ ÚÈÓ ·fi Ï›ÁÔ Î·ÈÚfi ‰ËÌÔÛ›ˆ˜ Û˘ÁÁÓÒÌË ·-fi ÙË ¢ËÌÔÎÚ·Ù›· Ù˘ °Ô˘·ÙÂÌ¿Ï·, ÛÙËÓ ÔÔ›· È·ÙÚÔ-Ê·Ú̷΢ÙÈΤ˜ ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈΤ˜ ·ÔÛÙÔϤ˜ ÂÎÙÂÏÔ‡Û·Ó

ÂÈÚ¿Ì·Ù· Û AÌÂA, fiÔ˘ ÛÙÔ ¤Ó· ̄ ¤ÚÈ ÙÔ˘˜ ÂÌ‚ÔÏ›·˙·ÓÙÔ ÌÈÎÚfi‚ÈÔ Ù˘ Û‡ÊÈÏ˘ Î·È Ù·˘Ùfi¯ÚÔÓ· ·fi ÙÔ ¿ÏÏÔ¯ÔÚËÁÔ‡Û·Ó ÂÓÈÎÈÏ›ÓË10.

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„˘ Î·È Ù˘ ¯ˆÚÈÛÙ‹˜ Âη›‰Â˘Û˘ ÛÙ· Û¯ÔÏ›· Î·È ñ TÔ ÛËÌÂÚÈÓfi ÛÙ¿‰ÈÔ ‰ÈÂΉ›ÎËÛ˘ ÙˆÓ ‰ÈηȈ̿وÓ.

¢ÈÂΉ›ÎËÛ˘ ÈÛfiÙÈÌ˘ Û˘ÌÌÂÙÔ¯‹˜ ÛÙËÓ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·, ›-ÛˆÓ Â˘Î·ÈÚÈÒÓ Âη›‰Â˘Û˘ Î·È Û˘ÓÂη›‰Â˘Û˘.

™ÙË ‰È¿ÚÎÂÈ· ÙÔ˘ ÚÔËÁÔ‡ÌÂÓÔ˘ ·ÈÒÓ· ·Ú·ÙËÚ‹ıËηӷÍÈÔÛËÌ›ˆÙ˜ ·ÏÏ·Á¤˜ ÛÙȘ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈΤ˜ ·ÓÙÈÏ‹„ÂȘ ÁÈ·Ù· AÌÂA. Afi ÙËÓ Ï‹ÚË ·fiÚÚÈ„Ë, ÙËÓ ·ÔÌfiÓˆÛË Û È-‰Ú‡Ì·Ù· Î·È ¿Û˘Ï·, ÙËÓ ·Ê’ ˘„ËÏÔ‡ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛË Ù˘ÊÈÏ·ÓıÚˆ›·˜ Î·È ÙËÓ ÏËÌÌÂÏ‹ Âη›‰Â˘ÛË, ÊÙ¿Û·ÌÂÛÙËÓ Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÈÎfiÙËÙ· Ù˘ ‰ÈÂΉ›ÎËÛ˘ ·fi Ù· AÌÂA ÈÛfi-ÙÈÌ˘ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜ Û˘ÌÌÂÙÔ¯‹˜, ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛ˘ Î·È Û‚·-ÛÌÔ‡ Ù˘ ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈÎfiÙËÙ¿˜ ÙÔ˘˜, ‰ÈÂΉ›ÎËÛ˘ ÙˆÓ ‰È-Î·ÈˆÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÙÔ˘˜. MÂٷ͇ ·˘ÙÒÓ, ‰ÈÂΉ›ÎËÛË ÙÔ˘ ‰ÈηÈÒ-Ì·ÙÔ˜ ÁÈ· Û˘ÓÂη›‰Â˘ÛË fiÏˆÓ ÙˆÓ Ì·ıËÙÒÓ ÛÙËÓ ›‰È·Ù¿ÍË, ·ÓÂÍ¿ÚÙËÙ· ·fi ȉȷÈÙÂÚfiÙËÙ˜ Î·È ÙËÓ Ú·ÁÌ¿-ÙˆÛË ÙÔ˘ ·ÈÙ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ ·˘ÙÔ‡ Û ÔÚÈṲ̂Ó˜ ¯ÒÚ˜. OÈ ·Ï-Ï·Á¤˜ ·˘Ù¤˜ ¿Ú¯ÈÛ·Ó ÌÂÙ¿ ÙÔ 1960, ÍÂΛÓËÛ·Ó ·fi ÙȘH¶A Î·È ÂÍ·ÏÒıËÎ·Ó Û‡ÓÙÔÌ· Î·È Û ¿ÏϘ ¯ÒÚ˜, ˆ˜Â·ÎfiÏÔ˘ıÔ ÙˆÓ ÌÂÁ¿ÏˆÓ ÎÈÓËÙÔÔÈ‹ÛÂˆÓ Î·È ‰ÈÂΉÈ΋-ÛÂˆÓ ÁÈ· Ù· ·ÓıÚÒÈÓ· ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈο Î·È ÔÏÈÙÈο ‰ÈηÈÒÌ·-Ù· ‰È·ÊfiÚˆÓ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎÒÓ ÔÌ¿‰ˆÓ Î·È ÌÂÈÔÓÔًوÓ. TËÓ ›-‰È· ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô ·Ú¯›˙ÂÈ Ó· ·Ó·Ù‡ÛÛÂÙ·È ÙÔ ·Ó·ËÚÈÎfi ΛÓË-Ì· Û ÔÏϤ˜ ¯ÒÚ˜, Ì ÙÔ˘˜ ·ÓıÚÒÔ˘˜ Ì ·Ó·ËÚ›·Ó· ·Ó·Ï·Ì‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó ÔÈ ›‰ÈÔÈ ÙËÓ ÂÎÚÔÛÒËÛË ÙÔ˘˜, ÌË ‰Â-¯fiÌÂÓÔÈ Ï¤ÔÓ ÙË ÊÈÏ·ÓıÚˆÈ΋ ÂÎÚÔÛÒËÛË ·fi «·Ú-ÙÈÌÂÏ›˜ Ê›ÏÔ˘˜», fiˆ˜ ·ÏÈfiÙÂÚ·. E›Û˘ ÈÔ ¤ÓÙÔÓËÎ·È ‰ÈÂΉÈÎËÙÈ΋ Á›ÓÂÙ·È Ë ·ÚÔ˘Û›· ÙˆÓ ÔÚÁ·ÓÒÛˆÓÙˆÓ ÁÔÓ¤ˆÓ ·È‰ÈÒÓ Ì ·Ó·ËÚ›·13. TËÓ ›‰È· ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô, 1960-1970, ·Ú¯›˙ÂÈ Ó· ·ÌÊÈÛ‚ËÙÂ›Ù·È ÙÔÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi-·ıÔÏÔÁÈÎfi ÌÔÓÙ¤ÏÔ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ·Ó·ËÚ›·. H ·ÓÙ›ÏË-„Ë Ù˘ ·Ó·ËÚ›·˜ ˆ˜ ÚÔÛˆÈ΋˜ ÙÚ·Áˆ‰›·˜, ˆ˜ ·Óˆ-Ì·Ï›·˜ ‹ ·ÚÚÒÛÙÈ·˜ Ô˘ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ıÂڷ¢ı› ‰¤¯ÂٷȤÓÙÔÓË ÎÚÈÙÈ΋. ¢ÈÂÚÂ˘Ó¿Ù·È Ë ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋ ‰È¿ÛÙ·ÛË Î·È ËÂÚÌËÓ›· Ù˘ ·Ó·ËÚ›·˜ Î·È ·Ó·Ù‡ÛÛÂÙ·È ¤Ó·˜ ¤ÓÙÔÓÔ˜Î·È ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁÈÎfi˜ ‰È¿ÏÔÁÔ˜ ‰ÈÂıÓÒ˜. TËÓ ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô ·˘Ù‹ÛÙËÓ EÏÏ¿‰· ‰ÂÓ ·Ó·Ù‡ÛÛÂÙ·È Î¿ÔÈ· Û˘˙‹ÙËÛË. T· ÊÈ-Ï·ÓıÚˆÈο Î·È ÚÔÓÔȷο ȉڇ̷ٷ Â›Ó·È Ù· ÌfiÓ· Ô˘«ÂÚÈı¿ÏÔ˘Ó» AÌÂA. TÔ ÌfiÓÔ Ó¤Ô ÛÙÔÈ¯Â›Ô Â›Ó·È ˆ˜ ·Ú-¯›˙Ô˘Ó ÛÈÁ¿-ÛÈÁ¿ Ó· ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡ÓÙ·È Î·È Ó· ‰ÈÂΉÈÎÔ‡Ó ÙÔÚfiÏÔ ÙÔ˘˜ ÔÈ ÔÚÁ·ÓÒÛÂȘ ·Ó·‹ÚˆÓ Î·È ÁÔÓ¤ˆÓ13. OÈ ‰ÂηÂٛ˜ 1970 Î·È 1980 Â›Ó·È ‰ÂηÂٛ˜ ÂΉËÌÔÎÚ·-ÙÈÛÌÔ‡ Î·È ·ÏÏ·ÁÒÓ ÛÙÔ Û‡ÛÙËÌ· Âη›‰Â˘Û˘ ÙˆÓAÌÂA. ™ÙȘ H¶A Ë ¤ÓÙ·ÍË ÙˆÓ Ì·ıËÙÒÓ ÛÙ· Û˘ÓËıÈṲ̂ӷۯÔÏ›· ηÙÔ¯˘ÚÒÓÂÙ·È ÓÔÌÔıÂÙÈο Î·È Ë Âη›‰Â˘Û‹ÙÔ˘˜ Á›ÓÂÙ·È ̆ Ô¯ÚˆÙÈ΋. MÂÁ¿Ï· ÎÔÓ‰‡ÏÈ· ‰È·Ù›ıÂÓÙ·ÈÁÈ· ÙËÓ ¤Ú¢ӷ Î·È ÙËÓ ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË Ù¯ÓÔÏÔÁ›·˜. H ÂͤÏÈÍË

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∞Ó·ÛÎfiËÛË

ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 31-36, 2013

ÙˆÓ ˘ÔÏÔÁÈÛÙÒÓ ı· ‚ÔËı‹ÛÂÈ ÛÙËÓ Âη›‰Â˘ÛË ÙˆÓAÌÂA. H E˘Úˆ·˚΋ ŒÓˆÛË ‰›ÓÂÈ ¤ÌÊ·ÛË ÛÙËÓ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ-΋ Î·È ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈ΋ ¤ÓÙ·ÍË ÙˆÓ AÌÂA Î·È ‰È·ı¤ÙÂÈ ÎÔÓ-‰‡ÏÈ· ÁÈ· ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈÎÔ‡˜ ÏfiÁÔ˘˜ ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÂÊ·Ú-ÌÔÁ‹ ÚÔÁÚ·ÌÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÛÙ· ÎÚ¿ÙË Ì¤ÏË. ™ÙËÓ EÏÏ¿‰· ÁÈ·ÚÒÙË ÊÔÚ¿ ·Ú·ÙËÚÂ›Ù·È ÎÈÓËÙÈÎfiÙËÙ· ·˘Ù‹ ÙËÓ ÂÚ›Ô-‰Ô. TÔ YÔ˘ÚÁÂ›Ô ¶·È‰Â›·˜ ÙÔ 1981 Ì ÙÔ ÓfiÌÔ 1143 ·-Ó·Ï·Ì‚¿ÓÂÈ ÙËÓ Â˘ı‡ÓË Ù˘ Âη›‰Â˘Û˘ ÙˆÓ ·È‰ÈÒÓ Ì·ӷËÚ›·. O ÓfiÌÔ˜ ·˘Ùfi˜ ¢ÓÔ› ÙËÓ Í¯ˆÚÈÛÙ‹ ÂȉÈ΋Âη›‰Â˘ÛË. AӷʤÚÂÈ fiÙÈ Ë EȉÈ΋ AÁˆÁ‹ ·Ú¤¯ÂÙ·È Ìfi-ÓÔ Û ÂȉÈο Û¯ÔÏ›·, ÂȉÈΤ˜ Ù¿ÍÂȘ Î·È È‰Ú‡Ì·Ù·, ¯ˆÚ›˜·Ó·ÊÔÚ¿ ÛÙËÓ ¤ÓÙ·ÍË. TÔ 1984, Ô ÓfiÌÔ˜ 1566, ÁÈ· ÚÒ-ÙË ÊÔÚ¿ Û˘ÌÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÂÈ Û ÓfiÌÔ Ô˘ ·ÊÔÚ¿ ÛÙËÓ ÂÎ-·›‰Â˘ÛË Û˘ÓÔÏÈο, ÓÔÌÔıÂÛ›· ÁÈ· ÙËÓ Âη›‰Â˘ÛË ·È-‰ÈÒÓ Ì ·Ó·ËÚ›·. O ÓfiÌÔ˜, ·Ó Î·È ÂÈÛ¿ÁÂÈ Ó¤· ̤ÙÚ·,ÎÚ›ÓÂÙ·È fiÙÈ ·¤¯ÂÈ ·fi ÙȘ Ù¿ÛÂȘ Ù˘ ÂÔ¯‹˜13.Afi ÙÔ 1990 ·Ú¯›˙ÂÈ ÌÈ· Ó¤· ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô˜ ‰ÈÂΉÈ΋ÛÂˆÓ ÁÈ·ÚÈ˙ÔÛ·ÛÙÈΤ˜ ·ÏÏ·Á¤˜, ÙfiÛÔ ÛÙËÓ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›· Î·È ÛÙËÓ ÂÎ-·›‰Â˘ÛË. OÈ ÔÚÁ·ÓÒÛÂȘ ÙˆÓ ·Ó·‹ÚˆÓ ‰Ú·ÛÙËÚÈÔÔÈ-Ô‡ÓÙ·È ¤ÓÙÔÓ· ·ÁÎfiÛÌÈ·. ¶Ï¤ÔÓ Á›ÓÂÙ·È ·Ô‰ÂÎÙfi fiÙÈÙÔ Úfi‚ÏËÌ· ÙˆÓ ·Ó·‹ÚˆÓ ‰ÂÓ ËÁ¿˙ÂÈ Î˘Ú›ˆ˜ ·fiÙÔ˘˜ Ê˘ÛÈÎÔ‡˜ Î·È ÓÂ˘Ì·ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ÂÚÈÔÚÈÛÌÔ‡˜ ·Ï-Ï¿ ·fi ÙȘ ·fi„ÂȘ Î·È ÙȘ ÛÙ¿ÛÂȘ Ù˘ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·˜ ·¤Ó·-ÓÙÈ ÙÔ˘˜. A˘Ù¤˜ ÔÈ ·fi„ÂȘ Î·È ÔÈ ÛÙ¿ÛÂȘ ¢ı‡ÓÔÓÙ·È ÁÈ·ÙÔÓ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎfi ·ÔÎÏÂÈÛÌfi ÙÔ˘˜. O ·ÁÒÓ·˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ÏÔÈfiÓÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏ›˙ÂÙ·È Ï¤ÔÓ fi¯È ÛÙËÓ ·Ó·˙‹ÙËÛË ıÂڷ›·˜·ÏÏ¿ ÛÙËÓ ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛË ÙÔ˘ ‰ÈηÈÒÌ·ÙÔ˜ Ó· Â›Ó·È ‰È·ÊÔ-ÚÂÙÈÎÔ› Î·È ÛÙÔ Û‚·ÛÌfi ·˘Ù‹˜ Ù˘ ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈÎfiÙËÙ·˜.OÈ ‰ÈÂΉÈ΋ÛÂȘ ÙÔ˘˜ ¤¯Ô˘Ó Ù· ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚÈÛÙÈο ÙˆÓ ‰ÈÂÎ-‰È΋ÛÂˆÓ ÁÈ· Ù· ·ÓıÚÒÈÓ· ‰ÈηÈÒÌ·Ù·. OÈ ·Ó¿ËÚÔÈÛÙÈÁÌ·Ù›˙Ô˘Ó Î·È ‰ÂÓ ‰¤¯ÔÓÙ·È È· ÙÔÓ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎfi Ú·ÙÛÈ-ÛÌfi Î·È ÙËÓ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋ ·‰ÈΛ· ·¤Ó·ÓÙ› ÙÔ˘˜. A·ÈÙÔ‡Ó·ÚÔ¯¤˜, fi¯È ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ·ÓÈηÓfiÙËÙ¿ ÙÔ˘˜, ·ÏÏ¿ ÁÈ· Ó· ÌÔ-ÚÔ‡Ó Ó· Û˘ÌÌÂÙ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÈÛfiÙÈÌ· ÛÙÔ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎfi Á›ÁÓÂÛı·È.O ·ÁÒÓ·˜ ÙÔ˘˜ Â›Ó·È ·ÁÒÓ·˜ ÁÈ· ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋ Û˘ÌÌÂÙÔ¯‹,ÈÛÔÙÈÌ›·, Û‚·ÛÌfi ÛÙË ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈÎfiÙËÙ·, ÚÔÛ‚·ÛÈÌfi-ÙËÙ· Û fiÏÔ˘˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ÙÔÌ›˜ Ù˘ ˙ˆ‹˜. OÈ ·Ú¯¤˜ ·˘Ù¤˜ ¤-¯Ô˘Ó ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ Î·È ÛÙËÓ Âη›‰Â˘ÛË, fiÔ˘ ÙÔ ·›ÙË̷ϤÔÓ ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È Ó· ·Ú¤¯ÔÓÙ·È ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ¤ÓÙ·Í˘ÁÈ· Ù· ·È‰È¿ Ì ·Ó·ËÚ›· ·ÏÏ¿ Ó· Âηȉ‡ÔÓÙ·È Ì·˙› fi-Ï· Ù· ·È‰È¿, Ì ‹ ̄ ˆÚ›˜ ·Ó·ËÚ›·. TÔ ·›ÙËÌ· Â›Ó·È Ë Û˘-ÓÂη›‰Â˘ÛË Î·È fi¯È Ë ¤ÓÙ·ÍË. ™ÙË Û‡Á¯ÚÔÓË EÏÏ¿‰·,·˘Ù‹ ÙËÓ ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô ÙˆÓ ¤ÓÙÔÓˆÓ Û˘˙ËÙ‹ÛÂˆÓ Î·È ·Ó·˙Ë-Ù‹ÛÂˆÓ Î·È Ù˘ Û˘ÓÂη›‰Â˘Û˘, ÔÈ ·fi„ÂȘ Ô˘ ΢-ÚÈ·Ú¯Ô‡Ó ı˘Ì›˙Ô˘Ó Ì¿ÏÏÔÓ ·ÏÈfiÙÂÚ˜ ÂÔ¯¤˜. TÔ ÌÔ-ÓÙ¤ÏÔ Ù˘ ·Ó·ËÚ›·˜ Ô˘ ˘ÈÔıÂÙÂ›Ù·È Â›Ó·È ÙÔ ·ıÔÏÔÁÈ-Îfi ÂÓÒ ÛÙ· Û¯ÔÏ›· ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡ÓÙ·È ÂȉÈο ÙÌ‹Ì·Ù· ηÈÙ¿ÍÂȘ ÁÈ· Ù· ·È‰È¿ Ì ÂȉÈΤ˜ ·Ó¿ÁΘ Î·È Ô ‰È¿ÏÔÁÔ˜ÁÈ· ÙË Û˘ÓÂη›‰Â˘ÛË ·Ô˘ÛÈ¿˙ÂÈ ·ÓÙÂÏÒ˜13.T· ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›· ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ÛÙÔ Ï·›ÛÈÔ ÂÓ·ÚÌfiÓÈÛ˘ ÙˆÓ ÔÏÈ-ÙÈÎÒÓ Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜ Ì ÙȘ ·ÓÙ›ÛÙÔȯ˜ Ù˘ E˘Úˆ·˚΋˜ŒÓˆÛ˘ Á›ÓÂÙ·È ÌÈ· ÈÔ Û˘ÛÙËÌ·ÙÈ΋ ÚÔÛ¿ıÂÈ· ÁÈ· ÙË‚ÂÏÙ›ˆÛË ÙˆÓ Û˘ÓıËÎÒÓ ‰È·‚›ˆÛ˘, Âη›‰Â˘Û˘ ηÈÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ ÙˆÓ AÌÂA14, 15.™ËÌ·ÓÙÈο ‚‹Ì·Ù· ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜, ıˆÚÔ‡ÓÙ·È ·˘Ù¿ Ô˘·ÔÙ˘ÒÓÔÓÙ·È ÛÙȘ ‰È·Ù¿ÍÂȘ ÙÔ˘ ™˘ÓÙ¿ÁÌ·ÙÔ˜ «...η-ıÒ˜ Î·È fiÛÔÈ ¿Û¯Ô˘Ó ·fi ·Ó›·ÙË ÛˆÌ·ÙÈ΋ ‹ ÓÂ˘Ì·ÙÈ΋ÓfiÛÔ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ‰Èη›ˆÌ· ÂȉÈ΋˜ ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜ ·fi ÙÔ ÎÚ¿ÙÔ˜»Î·È «T· ¿ÙÔÌ· Ì ·Ó·Ëڛ˜ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ‰Èη›ˆÌ· Ó· ·ÔÏ·Ì-

‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó Ì¤ÙÚˆÓ Ô˘ ÂÍ·ÛÊ·Ï›˙Ô˘Ó ÙËÓ ·˘ÙÔÓÔÌ›·, ÙËÓ Â-·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋ ¤ÓÙ·ÍË Î·È ÙË Û˘ÌÌÂÙÔ¯‹ ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙËÓ ÎÔÈÓˆ-ÓÈ΋, ÔÈÎÔÓÔÌÈ΋ Î·È ÔÏÈÙÈ΋ ̇ ˆ‹ Ù˘ XÒÚ·˜» Î·È «TÔ ÎÚ¿-ÙÔ˜ ÌÂÚÈÌÓ¿ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ˘Á›· ÙˆÓ ÔÏÈÙÒÓ Î·È ·›ÚÓÂÈ ÂȉÈο̤ÙÚ· ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÚÔÛÙ·Û›· Ù˘ ÓÂfiÙËÙ·˜, ÙÔ˘ Á‹Ú·ÙÔ˜, Ù˘·Ó·ËÚ›·˜ Î·È ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÂÚ›ı·Ï„Ë ÙˆÓ ·fiÚˆÓ»16. ŸÌˆ˜, Ù· ‚‹Ì·Ù· Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó Á›ÓÂÈ ˘ÔÏ›ÔÓÙ·È Û ۯ¤-ÛË Ì ·˘Ù¿ Ô˘ Â›Ó·È ·Ó·Áη›·. AÎfiÌ· Î·È Ô ‰ËÌfiÛÈÔ˜‰È¿ÏÔÁÔ˜ ÔÚÈṲ̂Ó˜ ÊÔÚ¤˜ Â›Ó·È ›Ûˆ ·fi ÙÔ ‰ÈÂıÓ‹ÚÔ‚ÏËÌ·ÙÈÛÌfi. H ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›· Û˘¯Ó¿ Ê·›ÓÂÙ·È Ó· Â›Ó·È ‰È-¯·Ṳ̂ÓË ·Ó¿ÌÂÛ· Û ‰‡Ô ·fi„ÂȘ. ™‡Ìʈӷ Ì ÙË Ì›·¿Ô„Ë Ù· ·Ó¿ËÚ· ¿ÙÔÌ· ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÙË ‰˘Ó·ÙfiÙËÙ· Ó· ˙‹-ÛÔ˘Ó ÌÈ· ·ÓÂÍ¿ÚÙËÙË Î·È Î·ÓÔÓÈ΋ ̇ ˆ‹. ™‡Ìʈӷ Ì ÙËÓ¿ÏÏË, Ô˘ ϤÁÂÙ·È È‰ÂÔÏÔÁ›· Ù˘ ÚÔÛÙ·Û›·˜, ıˆÚ›ٷÈfiÙÈ ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È Ú·ÏÈÛÙÈÎfi Ó· ˙‹ÛÔ˘Ó ÌÈ· ηÓÔÓÈ΋ ˙ˆ‹ Ù··Ó¿ËÚ· ¿ÙÔÌ· Î·È ˘ÔÛÙËÚ›˙ÂÙ·È Ë ¿Ô„Ë Ù˘ ÔÚÁ¿-ÓˆÛ˘ ÙˆÓ AÌÂA Û ÔÌ¿‰Â˜, ¤Íˆ fï˜ ·fi ÙËÓ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·ÙˆÓ ˘ÁÈÒÓ1. E›Ó·È ÂӉȷʤÚÔÓ fiÙÈ ÔÏϤ˜ ÊÔÚ¤˜ Ë ÎÔÈÓˆ-Ó›· ‰Â›¯ÓÂÈ Ó· ÌË ı¤ÏÂÈ Ó· οÓÂÈ Ù· ··Ú·›ÙËÙ· ‚‹Ì·Ù·Ô˘ ı· ‚ÔËı‹ÛÔ˘Ó Ù· AÌÂA Ó· ÂÓÙ·¯ıÔ‡Ó ÛÙÔ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎfiÛ‡ÓÔÏÔ. E›Ó·È ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚÈÛÙÈÎfi˜ Ô ÙÚfiÔ˜ ‰fiÌËÛ˘ ÙˆÓÛ‡Á¯ÚÔÓˆÓ fiψÓ, Ô˘ Ô˘ÛÈ·ÛÙÈο Â›Ó·È ·‰È¿‚·Ù˜ ÁÈ·Ù· AÌÂA. AÎfiÌ· Î·È ÂΛ Ô˘ ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó ‰È¢ÎÔχÓÛÂȘ,Â›Ó·È Û˘¯Ó¿ η٠›ʷÛË ÌfiÓÔ, ÛÙÂÓ¤˜ ‹ ·fiÙÔ̘ Ú¿-̘ Ô˘ Â›Ó·È ·‰‡Ó·ÙÔ Ó· ̄ ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈËıÔ‡Ó. AÎfiÌ· ̄ ÂÈ-ÚfiÙÂÚ˜ Â›Ó·È ÔÈ Û˘ÌÂÚÈÊÔÚ¤˜ Ô˘ ·Ú·ÙËÚÔ‡ÓÙ·È ÌÂÙËÓ Î·Ù¿ÏË„Ë .¯. ‰È·‚¿ÛÂˆÓ ‹ ı¤ÛÂˆÓ ·ÚηڛÛÌ·ÙÔ˜ÁÈ· Ù· AÌÂA. AÚÎÂÙ¤˜ ÊÔÚ¤˜ ‰È·Ù˘ÒÓÔÓÙ·È ·fi„ÂȘ ÂÍÔÛÙÚ·ÎÈÛÌÔ‡ÙˆÓ AÌÂA ·fi ÙÔÓ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎfi ÈÛÙfi, Ì ¿ÙÔ˜ ‰È·Ì·ÚÙ˘-ڛ˜ ÁÈ· ÂÁηٷÛÙ¿ÛÂȘ ÍÂÓÒÓˆÓ Î.Ï. E›Û˘ Â›Ó·È Û˘¯Ó¿Ù· ÈÛˆÁ˘Ú›ÛÌ·Ù· ·ÚÎÂÙ¿ ·fi Ù· ÔÔ›· ÔÊ›ÏÔÓÙ·È ÛÙËÓÔÈÎÔÓÔÌÈ΋ ÎÚ›ÛË ÙˆÓ ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›ˆÓ ¯ÚfiÓˆÓ Î·È ÙȘ ÂÚÈÎÔ-¤˜ ÙˆÓ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎÒÓ ‰··ÓÒÓ Î·È ÙˆÓ ‰È·ı¤ÛÈÌˆÓ fiÚˆÓ.

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H ÔÚ›· ¤ÓÙ·Í˘ ÙˆÓ AÌÂA ÛÙÔÓ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎfi ÈÛÙfi ‰ÂÓ Â›-Ó·È Ô‡Ù ¢ı‡ÁÚ·ÌÌË, Ô‡Ù ÔÌ·Ï‹. E›Ó·È ÚÔÊ·Ó¤˜ fiÙÈ,·ÁÎÔÛÌ›ˆ˜, ¤¯Ô˘Ó Û˘ÓÙÂÏÂÛÙ› ÙÂÚ¿ÛÙȘ ·ÏÏ·Á¤˜ ÌÂ-Ù¿ ÙÔ Ù¤ÏÔ˜ ÙÔ˘ B’ ¶·ÁÎÔÛÌ›Ô˘ ¶ÔϤÌÔ˘. OÈ Ú¿ÍÂȘ‚·Ú‚·ÚfiÙËÙ·˜ ÛÙË ‰È¿ÚÎÂÈ· ÙÔ˘ B’ ¶·ÁÎÔÛÌ›Ô˘ ¶ÔϤ-ÌÔ˘, ÔÏϤ˜ ·fi ÙȘ Ôԛ˜ ·ÊÔÚÔ‡Û·Ó ÛÙ· AÌÂA, Ô‰‹-ÁËÛ·Ó ÛÙË Û‡ÓÙ·ÍË Ù˘ OÈÎÔ˘ÌÂÓÈ΋˜ ¢È·Î‹Ú˘Í˘ ÁÈ· Ù·AÓıÚÒÈÓ· ¢ÈηÈÒÌ·Ù·, ÙÔ ¢ÂΤ̂ÚË ÙÔ˘ 1948, Ô˘ ÍÂ-ÎÈÓ¿ Ì ÙË ÊÚ¿ÛË «ŸÏÔÈ ÔÈ ¿ÓıÚˆÔÈ ÁÂÓÓÈÔ‡ÓÙ·È ÂχıÂ-ÚÔÈ Î·È ›ÛÔÈ ÛÙËÓ ·ÍÈÔÚ¤ÂÈ· Î·È Ù· ‰ÈηÈÒÌ·Ù·»17. Afi fiÏ· Ù· ·Ú·¿Óˆ Á›ÓÂÙ·È ÂÌÊ·Ó¤˜ fiÙÈ ÔÈ ·fi„ÂȘ ηÈË ˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË ÙˆÓ AÌÂA ÔÈΛÏÏÔ˘Ó ·Ó¿ÏÔÁ· Ì ÙËÓ ÈÛÙÔ-ÚÈ΋ ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô. º·›ÓÂÙ·È fiÙÈ ·fi„ÂȘ Î·È Ú·ÎÙÈΤ˜ ÚÔ˜ fi-ÊÂÏfi˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ÂÈÎÚ·ÙÔ‡Û·Ó Î·È ÂÊ·ÚÌfi˙ÔÓÙ·Ó Î˘Ú›ˆ˜ ÛٷʈÙÂÈÓ¿ ‰È·Ï›ÌÌ·Ù· Ù˘ ·ÓıÚˆfiÙËÙ·˜, fiÙ·Ó ÂÈÎÚ·-ÙÔ‡Û·Ó ·ÓÒÙÂÚ· ȉÂÒ‰Ë Î·È ÔÏÈÙÈΤ˜. E›Ó·È ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚÈ-ÛÙÈÎfi fiÙÈ ÔÈ ÚÔԉ¢ÙÈΤ˜ ·fi„ÂȘ ÙˆÓ ·Ú¯·›ˆÓ EÏÏ‹ÓˆÓÊÈÏÔÛfiÊˆÓ ÂÎÊÚ¿˙ÔÓÙ·Ó Û ÂÚÈfi‰Ô˘˜ ¿ÓıËÛ˘ Ù˘ ¢Ë-ÌÔÎÚ·Ù›·˜, ÙˆÓ ÂÈÛÙËÌÒÓ Î·È Ù˘ ºÈÏÔÛÔÊ›·˜, ·ÚfiÙÈÚfiÎÂÈÙ·È ÁÈ· ÂÔ¯¤˜ ÙfiÛÔ Ì·ÎÚÈÓ¤˜ ·fi Û‹ÌÂÚ·. H ›‰È·Ù¿ÛË ‰È·ÁÚ¿ÊÂÙ·È ÛÙËÓ ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô Ù˘ AÓ·Á¤ÓÓËÛ˘ ·ÏÏ¿Î·È ÛÙËÓ ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô ÙˆÓ ÌÂÁ¿ÏˆÓ ‰ÈÂΉÈ΋ÛÂˆÓ ÁÈ· Ù· ·Ó-

35

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ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 31-36, 2013

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∞Ó·ÛÎfiËÛË

ıÚÒÈÓ· ‰ÈηÈÒÌ·Ù· ÛÙ· ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›· 40 ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ÙÔ˘ ÚÔË-ÁÔ‡ÌÂÓÔ˘ ·ÈÒÓ·. AÓÙ›ıÂÙ· Â›Ó·È Ê·ÓÂÚ‹ Ë ÂÈÎÚ¿ÙËÛË ·-ÎÚ·›· ·ÓÙȉڷÛÙÈÎÒÓ Î·È ÛÎÔÙ·‰ÈÛÙÈÎÒÓ ·fi„ÂˆÓ Î·ÈÚ·ÎÙÈÎÒÓ ÁÈ· Ù· AÌÂA Û ÂÚÈfi‰Ô˘˜ ÛÎÔÙ·‰ÈÛÌÔ‡, ˘Ô-¯ÒÚËÛ˘ ÙÔ˘ ÔÚıÔÏÔÁÈÛÌÔ‡ Î·È Ù˘ ‰ËÌÔÎÚ·Ù›·˜, fiˆ˜ÛÙÔ MÂÛ·›ˆÓ· Î·È ÛÙË XÈÙÏÂÚÈ΋ °ÂÚÌ·Ó›·. M¤ÓÂÈ Ó· ‰Ô‡Ì Ù˘ Û˘Ó¤ÂȘ Ô˘ ı· ¤¯ÂÈ Ë ·ÚÔ‡Û· ÔÈ-ÎÔÓÔÌÈ΋ ÎÚ›ÛË Ô˘ Ì·ÛÙ›˙ÂÈ ÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜ ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ÙÔ¢˘ÙÈÎfi ÎfiÛÌÔ ÛÙȘ ·fi„ÂȘ Ô˘ ı· ÂÈÎÚ·Ù‹ÛÔ˘Ó Î·ÈÛÙȘ Ú·ÎÙÈΤ˜ Ô˘ ı· ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÛÙÔ‡Ó ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈ-ÍË ÙˆÓ AÌÂA. EÌ›˜ ¿ÓÙˆ˜ ·˜ ÂÈÌ›ÓÔ˘Ì ÛÙË ÛÙ·ıÂÚ‹˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË ÙˆÓ ·ÓıÚˆ›ÓˆÓ ‰ÈÎ·ÈˆÌ¿ÙˆÓ Î·È Ù˘ ¿Ô-„˘ fiÙÈ «ÎÚÈÙ‹ÚÈÔ ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÔ‡ ÌÈ·˜ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·˜ Â›Ó·È Ë ÊÚÔ-ÓÙ›‰· Ô˘ ·Ú¤¯ÂÈ ÛÙ· ·‰‡Ó·Ì· ̤ÏË Ù˘».

SUMMARY

Treating people with disabilities. History reviewEvagelia Bogosian

hellenic hospital dentistry 6: 31-36, 2013

The purpose of this paper is to present the views, attitudesand treatment of people with disabilities over the time.According to the 2006 UN Convention, persons withdisabilities include those who have long-term physical,mental, intellectual or sensory impairments which ininteraction with various barriers may hinder their full andeffective participation in society on an equal basis withothers. They constitute 15-20% of the world population.In the past, common ways to deal with people withdisabilities were infanticide, torture, inclusions,abandonment, ridicule, exploitation, isolation, alms. Sincethe last century these views and attitudes have changed, andmost modern views are characterized by the acceptanceand respect for diversity and human rights.From the historical review is obvious that attitudes andsupport for people with disabilities vary according to thehistorical period. They seem to benefit mainly in brightbreaks of humanity when prevailing higher ideals andpolicies. The progressive views of the ancient Greekphilosophers, expressed in periods of flowering ofdemocracy, science and philosophy, are characteristic. Thesame trend is observed in the Renaissance period, and theperiod of large claims on human rights in the last 40 years ofthe 20th century. Contrast is apparent in times of darkness,decline of rationality and democracy, as in the Middle Agesand Hitler’s Germany. It is interesting to see the consequences of the currenteconomic crisis in our country and the Western world, theviews will prevail and practices implemented to support thedisabled. We, however, let’s stay firm to the constant supportof human rights and the doctrine that “a society’s civilizationcriterion is the care provided to the weak members”.

Key words: People with disabilities; social treatment;human rights.

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EÈÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·:E˘·ÁÁÂÏ›· MÔÁÔÛÈ¿ÓTËÏ.: 2810 392473, 2810 392475. e-mail: evbogosian@gmail.com

ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 31-36, 2013

EÚ¢ÓËÙÈ΋ EÚÁ·Û›·

XÚfiÓÈ· ‰‹ÍË ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ‚ÏÂÓÓÔÁfiÓÔ˘ AÈηÙÂÚ›ÓË ¢ËÌËÙÚ›Ô˘1, ¶·Ó·ÁÈÒÙ· M·Ú·ÁÎÔ‡2, ºÏÒÚ· ZÂÚ‚Ô‡-B¿Ï‚Ë3

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ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 37-41, 2013

§¤ÍÂȘ ÎÏÂȉȿ: ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ‰‹ÍË, ˘ÂÚÎÂÚ·Ù›ÓˆÛË ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ÂÈ-ıËÏ›Ô˘, Ï¢Τ˜ ‚Ï¿‚˜, ¯ÚfiÓÈÔ˜ ÙÚ·˘Ì·ÙÈÛÌfi˜,„˘¯ÔÁÂÓ‹ ·›ÙÈ·.

1 ¢È¢ı‡ÓÙÚÈ· E™Y, ¢Ú O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜2 EÈÌ. A’ E™Y, ¢Ú O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜, MSc3 ™˘ÓÙÔÓ›ÛÙÚÈ· ¢È¢ı‡ÓÙÚÈ· E™Y, ¢Ú O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜, MPhil Med

ÿ‰Ú˘Ì· ÚÔ¤Ï¢Û˘: O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi TÌ‹Ì· - EȉÈ΋ MÔÓ¿‰· AÌÂA ÙÔ˘ °ÂÓÈÎÔ‡ NÔÛÔÎÔ-Ì›Ԣ «AÛÎÏËÈÂ›Ô BԇϷ˜»H ÂÚÁ·Û›· ·Ó·ÎÔÈÓÒıËΠÛÙÔ 2Ô ¶·ÓÂÏÏ‹ÓÈÔ ™˘Ó¤‰ÚÈÔ ™ÙÔÌ·ÙÔ-ÏÔÁ›·˜, Aı‹Ó·, 13-14/9/2012

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™ÎÔfi˜ Ù˘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ ‹Ù·Ó Ë ÌÂϤÙË ÙˆÓ ÎÏÈÓÈÎÒÓ ¯·Ú·-ÎÙ‹ÚˆÓ Ù˘ X.¢. Û ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ Ô˘ ÚÔÛ‹Ïı·Ó ÛÙÔ ™ÙÔÌ·-ÙÔÏÔÁÈÎfi I·ÙÚÂ›Ô (™.I.) ÙÔ˘ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡ TÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ ÙÔ˘°ÂÓÈÎÔ‡ NÔÛÔÎÔÌ›Ԣ «AÛÎÏËÈÂ›Ô BԇϷ˜». E›Û˘, ËÚÔÛ¿ıÂÈ· ÚÔÛ‰ÈÔÚÈÛÌÔ‡ ÙˆÓ ˘Â˘ı‡ÓˆÓ ·ÈÙ›ˆÓ ÁÈ· ÙˉËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ›· Ù˘.

Y§IKO - ME£O¢O™

ŒÁÈÓ ÎÚÈÙÈ΋ ·ÍÈÔÏfiÁËÛË Î·È ·Ó¿Ï˘ÛË ÙˆÓ Ê·Î¤ÏˆÓ 30ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂˆÓ X.¢. ·fi 600 ʷΤÏÔ˘˜ Ù˘¯·›· ÂÈÏÂÁ¤ÓÙˆÓ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ Ô˘ ÂÍÂÙ¿ÛıËÎ·Ó ÛÙÔ ™.I. ÙÔ˘ «AÛÎÏËÈ›Ԣ BÔ‡-Ï·˜» ηٿ ÙÔ ̄ ÚÔÓÈÎfi ‰È¿ÛÙËÌ· 2006-2012. OÈ ‚Ï¿‚˜ Ô˘Û˘ÌÂÚÈÏ‹ÊıËÎ·Ó ‹Ù·Ó ·˘Ù¤˜ ÁÈ· ÙȘ Ôԛ˜ ›¯Â ÙÂÎÌË-ÚȈı› ·ÚÎÒ˜ fiÙÈ ÔÊ›ÏÔÓÙ·Ó Û ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ‰‹ÍË.

A¶OTE§E™MATA

Afi ÙÔ˘˜ 600 ʷΤÏÔ˘˜ Ô˘ ÂÍÂÙ¿ÛıËÎ·Ó ‚Ú¤ıËÎ·Ó 30ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ ÙÂÎÌËÚȈ̤Ó˘ X.¢., ‰ËÏ·‰‹ ÙÔ 5% ÙÔ˘ Û˘-ÓfiÏÔ˘ ÙˆÓ ÂÍÂÙ·Ûı¤ÓÙˆÓ Ê·Î¤ÏˆÓ. Afi ÙȘ 30 ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ X.¢. Ô˘ ηٷÁÚ¿ÊËÎ·Ó ÛÙÔ ™.I.ÙÔ˘ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡ TÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ ÔÈ 7 (23%) ›¯·Ó ·Ú·ÂÌ-Êı› ·fi È·ÙÚÔ‡˜ ¿ÏÏˆÓ ÂȉÈÎÔÙ‹ÙˆÓ Î·È ÔÈ 8 (27%) ›¯·ÓÚÔÛ¤ÏıÂÈ ·˘ıfiÚÌËÙ· ÂÍ·ÈÙ›·˜ Ù˘ ÎÏÈÓÈ΋˜ ÂÈÎfiÓ·˜.™ÙÔ˘˜ ̆ fiÏÔÈÔ˘˜ 15 ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ ‚Ï¿‚˜ X.¢. ·ÔηχÊıË-Î·Ó ˆ˜ Ù˘¯·›Ô ‡ÚËÌ· ηٿ ÙËÓ ÂͤٷÛË ÙÔ˘ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡‚ÏÂÓÓÔÁfiÓÔ˘ ÁÈ· ¿ÏÏ· ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· fiˆ˜ ηÓÙÈÓÙ›·ÛË,η˘Û·ÏÁ›·, ÁψÛÛÔ‰˘Ó›·, ‰˘ÛÁÂ˘Û›·, ¤ÚËÙ· ˙ˆÛÙ‹Ú·Î·È ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·.Afi ÙÔ Û‡ÓÔÏÔ ÙˆÓ ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ 20 ‹Ù·Ó Á˘Ó·›Î˜, ‰ËÏ. ÔÛÔ-ÛÙfi 67% Î·È 10 ¿Ó‰Ú˜, ‰ËÏ. ÔÛÔÛÙfi 33%. (ÂÈÎ. 1). H ËÏÈ-Λ· Î˘Ì·ÈÓfiÙ·Ó ·fi 5 ¤ˆ˜ 75 ¤ÙË Ì ÙËÓ ÏÂÈÔÓfiÙËÙ· ÙˆÓ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ Ó· ‚Ú›ÛÎÂÙ·È ÛÙËÓ 5Ë ‰ÂηÂÙ›· (ÂÈÎ. 2).OÈ ‚Ï¿‚˜ ÂÓÙÔ›˙ÔÓÙ·Ó Î·Ù¿ ·ÚÈÔ ÏfiÁÔ ÛÙËÓ ·ÚÂÈ¿ fi-Ô˘ ηٷÁÚ¿ÊËΠÙÔ 70% ÙˆÓ ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂˆÓ (ÂÈÎ. 3). ™˘-ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ӷ, ÂÓÙfiÈÛË ·ÔÎÏÂÈÛÙÈο ÛÙËÓ ·ÚÂÈ¿ ηٷÁÚ¿-ÊËΠ۠ÔÛÔÛÙfi 47% Î·È ÛÙËÓ ÁÏÒÛÛ· 17%. BÏ¿‚˜ X.¢.Ô˘ Ó· ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó ÙËÓ ·ÚÂÈ¿ ÛÂ Û˘Ó‰˘·ÛÌfi Ì ÙËÓÁÏÒÛÛ· ‹ ÙÔ ¯Â›ÏÔ˜ ·Ú·ÙËÚ‹ıËÎ·Ó Û ÌÈÎÚfiÙÂÚ· ÔÛÔ-ÛÙ¿ 13% Î·È 10% ·ÓÙ›ÛÙÔȯ· (¶›Ó. 1, ÂÈÎ. 4). EÓÙfiÈÛË ÛÙԯ›ÏÔ˜ ·Ú·ÙËÚ‹ıËΠÛÙÔ 7% ÙˆÓ ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂˆÓ (ÂÈÎ. 5) Â-

38

EÚ¢ÓËÙÈ΋ EÚÁ·Û›·

EÈÎ. 1

EÈÎ. 2

EÈÎ. 3: BÏ¿‚˜ ¯ÚfiÓÈ·˜ ‰‹Í˘ ÛÙË ÁˆÓ›· ÙÔ˘ ‚ÏÂÓÓÔÁfiÓÔ˘ Ù˘·ÚÂÈ¿˜

EÈÎ. 4: BÏ¿‚˜ ¯ÚfiÓÈ·˜ ‰‹Í˘ ÛÙÔ ‚ÏÂÓÓÔÁfiÓÔ Ù˘ ·ÚÂÈ¿˜ ηÈÙÔ˘ ¯Â›ÏÔ˘˜

ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 37-41, 2013

39

EÚ¢ÓËÙÈ΋ EÚÁ·Û›·

EÈÎ. 5: BÏ¿‚˜ ¯ÚfiÓÈ·˜ ‰‹Í˘ ÛÙÔ ‚ÏÂÓÓÔÁfiÓÔ ÙÔ˘ ¿Óˆ ¯Â›ÏÔ˘˜

EÈÎ. 9: BÏÂÓÓÔÁfiÓÔ˜ ·ÚÂÈ¿˜ ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙ÂÈ ÌÂÏ¿Á¯ÚˆÛË ·fi ¯ÚfiÓÈ·‰‹ÍË ÛÙÔ ÛËÌÂ›Ô Û‡ÁÎÏÂÈÛ˘ ¿Óˆ Î·È Î¿Ùˆ ÁÔÌÊ›ˆÓ

EÈÎ. 6: Linea alba ·fi ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ‰‹ÍË

EÈÎ. 7: §Â˘Î‹ ‚Ï¿‚Ë ·fi ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ‰‹ÍË ÛÙÔ Î¿Ùˆ ¯Â›ÏÔ˜

ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 37-41, 2013

¶›Ó·Î·˜ 1

ENTO¶I™H X.¢.

£E™H ENTO¶I™H™ ¶ÔÛÔÛÙfi

¶·ÚÂÈ¿ 47%°ÏÒÛÛ· 17%¶·ÚÂÈ¿ Î·È °ÏÒÛÛ· 13%¶·ÚÂÈ¿ Î·È X›ÏÔ˜ 10%X›ÏÔ˜ 7%X›ÏÔ˜ Î·È °ÏÒÛÛ· 3%

ÓÒ Ô Û˘Ó‰˘·ÛÌfi˜ ̄ ›ÏÔ˘˜ Ì ÁÏÒÛÛ· ÂÌÊ·Ó›ÛÙËΠ۠·Ú-ÎÂÙ¿ ÌÈÎÚfi ÔÛÔÛÙfi Î·È Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ӷ ÛÙÔ 3%.KÏÈÓÈο, ‚Ï¿‚˜ X.¢. Û˘ÌÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚·ÓÔ̤Ó˘ Î·È Ù˘ lineaalba (ÂÈÎ. 6) ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙ÔÓÙ·Ó ÛÙÔ ÌÂÁ·Ï‡ÙÂÚÔ ÔÛÔÛÙfi ˆ˜Ï¢Τ˜ (53%) (ÂÈÎ. 7). ¢È·‚ÚÒÛÂȘ Î·È ¤ÏÎË ·ÎÔÏÔ˘ıÔ‡Û·ÓÌ ÔÛÔÛÙfi 37% (ÂÈÎ. 8) ÂÓÒ Û ÔÛÔÛÙfi ÌfiÏȘ 1% (¶›Ó. 2)Ë ‚Ï¿‚Ë Ù˘ X.¢. ÂÌÊ¿ÓÈ˙ ÌÂÏ¿Á¯ÚˆÛË (ÂÈÎ. 9) .H ‰È·ÊÔÚÈ΋ ‰È¿ÁÓˆÛË ÂÚȤϷ‚ ÓÔÛ‹Ì·Ù· Ì ·ÚfiÌÔÈ·ÎÏÈÓÈ΋ ÂÈÎfiÓ·, fiˆ˜ Ï¢ÎÔ›‰ËÌ·, ÎÔÎΛ· Fordyce, ηÓÙÈ-ÓÙ›·ÛË, Ï¢ÎÔϷΛ·, Ï¢Îfi ÛÔÁÁÒ‰Ë Û›ÏÔ Î·È ÔÌ·ÏfiÏÂȯ‹Ó·. MÂÙ¿ ÙËÓ ÎÏÈÓÈ΋ ÂͤٷÛË Î·È ÙËÓ ÙÂÎÌËÚ›ˆÛË Ù˘ ‰È¿ÁÓˆ-Û˘ ·Ó·˙ËÙ‹ıËÎ·Ó ÔÈ ·Èٛ˜ Ô˘ ¢ı‡ÓÔÓÙ·Ó ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ‰ËÌÈ-Ô˘ÚÁ›· Ù˘ X.¢. Û οı ¤Ó· ·fi ÙÔ˘˜ ·ÛıÂÓ›˜. ¶·Ú·ÙË-Ú‹ıËΠfiÙÈ ÛÙÔ ÌÂÁ·Ï‡ÙÂÚÔ ÔÛÔÛÙfi (53%) ηٷÁÚ¿ÊÔ-ÓÙ·Ó Û·Ê‹ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈο ·›ÙÈ· fiˆ˜ ÛÙÚ‚ÏÔÊ˘‹, ÂÏÏ›ÔÓÙ·‹ Ô͇·È¯Ì· ‰fiÓÙÈ· ηıÒ˜ Î·È Î·ÎfiÙ¯Ó˜ ÂÌÊÚ¿ÍÂȘ ÂÓÒ

„˘¯ÔÁÂÓ‹ ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· fiˆ˜ ¿Á¯Ô˜, ηٿıÏÈ„Ë Î·È ¿ÓÔÈ·Â˘ı‡ÓÔÓÙ·Ó ÁÈ· ÙÔ 43% ÙˆÓ ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂˆÓ (¶›Ó. 3).

™YZHTH™H

H ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ‰‹ÍË Â›Ó·È Ì›· Û˘¯Ó‹ ¤ÍË Ô˘ ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ› ¯·Ú·-ÎÙËÚÈÛÙÈΤ˜ ˘ÂÚÎÂÚ·ÙˆÙÈΤ˜ ‚Ï¿‚˜ ÛÙÔ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈÎfi‚ÏÂÓÓÔÁfiÓÔ fiˆ˜ Â›Ó·È Ë linea alba, Ô˘ Û¯ËÌ·Ù›˙ÂÙ·ÈÛÙËÓ ·ÚÂÈ¿ ÛÙ· ÛËÌ›· Û‡ÁÎÏÂÈÛ˘ ÙˆÓ ¿Óˆ Î·È Î¿ÙˆÁÔÌÊ›ˆÓ5. H ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ‰‹ÍË ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ› ˘ÂÚÎÂÚ·Ù›ÓˆÛËÔ˘ Ì ÙËÓ Û˘Ó¯‹ ÙÚÈ‚‹ ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÂÂÎÙ·ı› Î·È Ó· ÂÌ-Ê·Ó›ÛÂÈ ÙËÓ ÂÈÎfiÓ· Ï¢ÎÔϷΛ·˜ ÛÂ Û˘Ó‰˘·ÛÌfi Ì ԛ‰Ë-Ì· ‹ ÂͤÏΈÛË ÔfiÙÂ Î·È Ó· ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁËı› ‰È·ÊÔÚԉȷ-ÁÓˆÛÙÈÎfi Úfi‚ÏËÌ·4, 5.H Û˘¯ÓfiÙËÙ· ÙˆÓ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈÎÒÓ ‚Ï·‚ÒÓ Ù˘ ¯ÚfiÓÈ·˜ ‰‹Í˘ÔÈΛÏÏÂÈ ÛÙȘ ‰È¿ÊÔÚ˜ ̄ ÒÚ˜, fiˆ˜ ÔÈΛÏÏÂÈ Î·È ÌÂÙ·Í‡ÙˆÓ ‰È·ÊfiÚˆÓ ËÏÈÎÈ·ÎÒÓ ÔÌ¿‰ˆÓ. ™ÙË ‰È΋ Ì·˜ ÌÂϤÙË, ÙÔ

EÈÎ. 8: ¢È·‚ÚÒÛÂȘ οو ¯Â›ÏÔ˘˜ ·fi ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ‰‹ÍË

ÔÛÔÛÙfi ÙÔ˘ 5% Ô˘ ‚Ú¤ıËΠӷ ¤¯ÂÈ ‚Ï¿‚˜ X.¢. ÔÊÂÈ-ÏfiÌÂÓ˜ ΢ڛˆ˜ ÛÙË Û˘Ó‹ıÂÈ· Ù˘ Û˘ÓÂȉËÙ‹˜ ‹ ÌË ·Ô-̇˙ËÛ˘ ‹ ÛÙÔÓ ¯ÚfiÓÈÔ ÙÚ·˘Ì·ÙÈÛÌfi ·fi Ô‰ÔÓÙÔÁÂÓ‹ ·›-ÙÈ·, ·ÊÔÚ¿ Û ‰Â›ÁÌ· Ï˘ı˘ÛÌÔ‡ Ô˘ ÂÈÛΤÙÂÙ·È ÙÔ ™.I.ÙÔ˘ NÔÛÔÎÔÌ›Ԣ. M›· ·fi ÙȘ ϤÔÓ ÂÎÙÂٷ̤Ó˜ ÌÂϤÙ˜ ¤¯ÂÈ ‰ÈÂÍ·¯ı› ÛÙȘH¶A ÛÙ· Ï·›ÛÈ· Ù˘ TÚ›Ù˘ EıÓÈ΋˜ K·Ù·ÁÚ·Ê‹˜ YÁ›·˜Î·È ¢È·ÙÚÔÊ‹˜ (Third National Health and NutritionalExamination Survey -NHANES III). H Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ÓË ÌÂϤÙËη٤ÁÚ·„ ÙË Û˘¯ÓfiÙËÙ· ÂÌÊ¿ÓÈÛ˘ ‚Ï·‚ÒÓ X.¢. ÛÂ10.030 ·È‰È¿ Î·È ÂÊ‹‚Ô˘˜ ËÏÈΛ·˜ 2-17 ÂÙÒÓ ‰›ÓÔÓÙ·˜ Ô-ÛÔÛÙ¿ 1,89% ÁÈ· X.¢. ·ÚÂÈÒÓ Î·È ̄ ÂÈϤˆÓ Î·È 0,26% ÁÈ· ̆ -ÂÚÎÂÚ·ÙÈÓÒÛÂȘ ·fi ÙÚÈ‚‹ fiˆ˜ Ë linea alba. ™ÙËÓ ÌÂϤ-ÙË Ô˘ ·ÊÔÚÔ‡Û Û ÂÓ‹ÏÈΘ ÂÍÂÙ¿ÛÙËÎ·Ó 17.235 ÌË È-‰Ú˘Ì·ÙÔÔÈË̤ÓÔÈ Ôϛ٘ Î·È Ù· ·ÓÙ›ÛÙÔȯ· ÔÛÔÛÙ¿ ‹-Ù·Ó 3,05% Î·È 2,67%11.

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ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 37-41, 2013

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SUMMARY

Chronic biting of oral mucosaAikaterini Dimitriou, Panagiota Maragou,

Flora Zervou-Valvi

hellenic hospital dentistry 6: 37-41, 2013

Chronic biting of the oral mucosa is an innocuous self-inflictedinjury occurring on the buccal mucosa (mainly along theocclusal line), the lips, the lateral margins of the tongue and theedentulous alveoral ridges. This chronic biting results inhyperkeratinization of the oral mucosa and formation of whitepatches. However, chronic biting lesions may due to dentalreasons (f.e. broken or sharp teeth, fillings or prostheses).Similar lesions also occur in a variety of other clinicalconditions and may lead to a misdiagnosis.In this study 600 files of patients who visited the StomatologicalClinic of the Dental Department of a General Hospital during asix-year period were studied at random and 30 cases ofchronic biting of the oral mucosa were revealed. The aim ofthis study was to describe the clinical appearance of chronicbiting lesions, their commonest location in the oral cavity andtheir sex and age predilection. Finally, a comparison of ourfindings with the results of other studies was attempted.In this study the prevalence of chronic biting of oral mucosawas 5%. It appeared more often in females (67%) than in males(33%) and was located on the cheeks with a prevalence of70%. The most affected age group was the middle age and theclinical appearance was that of a white plaque in 53% of cases.Certain dental causes were identified in 53% of the cases while43% of the cases were due to psychological disturbances.The dentist must be familiar with the lesions of chronic biting inorder to help his patients or recommend the specialist needed.

Key words: Hyperkeratosis of Oral Mucosa; white patches;chronic trauma; psychogenic factors.

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ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 37-41, 2013

EÈÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·:¶·Ó·ÁÈÒÙ· M·Ú·ÁÎÔ‡TËÏ.: 2296022222. e-mail: pmaragou@otenet.gr

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K·Ù’ Ô›ÎÔÓ ·ÚÔ¯‹ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜ - MÈ· ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋ ·Ó·ÁηÈfiÙËÙ· ÁÈ· ¢·ı›˜ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈΤ˜ ÔÌ¿‰Â˜

AÓ·ÛÙ·Û›· E. KÔÛÈÒÓË1, ºÏÒÚ· ZÂÚ‚Ô‡-B¿Ï‚Ë2

O ÛÎÔfi˜ Ù˘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ ·˘Ù‹˜ Â›Ó·È Ó· ÂÚÈÁÚ·ÊÔ‡Ó ÙÔ ÈÛ¯‡ÔÓ ÓÔÌÔıÂÙÈÎfi Ï·›ÛÈÔ, ÔÈ ·Ó¿ÁΘ,Ë ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Û· ηٿÛÙ·ÛË Î·È ÔÈ Î·Ù¢ı‡ÓÛÂȘ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ¿ÛÎËÛË Ù˘ η٠ԛÎÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÛÙËÓ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜.H ηْ Ô›ÎÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÂÚ›ı·Ï„Ë ·ÔÙÂÏ› Ì›· ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋ ·Ó·ÁηÈfiÙËÙ· ÁÈ· Ù· ¿ÙÔÌ· ÂΛӷٷ ÔÔ›· ÁÈ· ‰È¿ÊÔÚÔ˘˜ È·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡˜, ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎÔ‡˜, ·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ ‹ ÁˆÁÚ·ÊÈÎÔ‡˜ ÏfiÁÔ˘˜ ‰ÂÓ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÚfiÛ‚·ÛË Û ÔÚÁ·ÓˆÌ¤ÓË Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÌÔÓ¿‰·. K˘Ú›ˆ˜ ·ÊÔÚ¿ ÛÙ· ¢·ı‹ ËÏÈÎȈ̤ӷ¿ÙÔÌ· Ô˘ Â›Ó·È Î·ıËψ̤ӷ ÛÙÔ Û›ÙÈ ÙÔ˘˜ ‹ Û οÔÈÔ ›‰Ú˘Ì·. ™Ù· ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ· Â˘Úˆ·˚οÎÚ¿ÙË ÂÊ·ÚÌfi˙ÂÙ·È ÙfiÛÔ ·fi ȉȈÙÈÎÔ‡˜, fiÛÔ Î˘Ú›ˆ˜ ·fi ‰ËÌfiÛÈÔ˘˜ ÊÔÚ›˜ ·ÚÔ¯‹˜ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ-΋˜ ˘Á›·˜ ÂÓÒ ÛÙËÓ EÏÏ¿‰· ÙÔ ÓÔÌÈÎfi Ï·›ÛÈÔ ·Ú·Ì¤ÓÂÈ ·ÎfiÌ· ·Û·Ê¤˜. °È· ÙËÓ ¿ÛÎËÛË Ù˘η٠ԛÎÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ··ÈÙÔ‡ÓÙ·È Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤Ó˜ ÁÓÒÛÂȘ Î·È ‰ÂÍÈfiÙËÙ˜, ÔÈ ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ˜ ·-fi ÙȘ Ôԛ˜ ÂÚÈÎÏ›ÔÓÙ·È ÛÙÔ ÁÓˆÛÙÈÎfi ·ÓÙÈΛÌÂÓÔ Ù˘ °ËÚÔ‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜, fiˆ˜ Â›Ó·È Ë ÁÓÒ-ÛË Î·È ·ÍÈÔÏfiÁËÛË Ù˘ ÁÂÓÈ΋˜ ηٿÛÙ·Û˘ ˘Á›·˜ Î·È ÙˆÓ Û˘ÓÔ‰ÒÓ ÚÔ‚ÏËÌ¿ÙˆÓ, Ë ÔÚÁ¿Óˆ-ÛË ÙÔ˘ ¯ÚfiÓÔ˘ Î·È ÙÔ˘ ¯ÒÚÔ˘ ·ÚÔ¯‹˜ ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜, Ë ¯Ú‹ÛË Î·Ù¿ÏÏËÏÔ˘ ÂÍÔÏÈ-ÛÌÔ‡ Î·È Ë ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË ·ÛıÂÓÔÎÂÓÙÚÈÎÔ‡ ۯ‰›Ô˘ ıÂڷ›·˜. ¢‡Ô Â›Ó·È ÔÈ ‚·ÛÈÎÔ› ¿ÍÔÓ˜ ÂÓ›Û¯˘Û˘ Ù˘ η٠ԛÎÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ıÂڷ›·˜. O ÚÒÙÔ˜ ·ÊÔ-Ú¿ ÛÙËÓ Âη›‰Â˘ÛË ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ Î·È Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ¿ÙÚˆÓ ÛÙȘ ‚·ÛÈΤ˜ ·Ú¯¤˜ Î·È Ù¯ÓÈΤ˜ Ù˘ ÌÂıfi‰Ô˘ ηÈÔ ‰Â‡ÙÂÚÔ˜ ÛÙË ÓÔÌÔıÂÙÈ΋ Ú‡ıÌÈÛË. M ‚¿ÛË ·˘ÙÔ‡˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ¿ÍÔÓ˜ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ú¿ÁÌ·ÙÈ Ó· ·-Ú·Û¯ÂıÔ‡Ó Î·Ù’ Ô›ÎÔÓ ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈΤ˜ ÔÈÔÙÈΤ˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈΤ˜ ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ Û ¿ÙÔÌ· Ô˘ ‰ÂÓ ÌÔ-ÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ÌÂÙ·ÊÂÚıÔ‡Ó Û ȷÙÚ›Ô.I‰È·›ÙÂÚ˘ ÛËÌ·Û›·˜ ı· Â›Ó·È Î·È Ë ¤ÓÙ·ÍË Ù˘ η٠ԛÎÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜ ÛÙ· Ï·›ÛÈ··ÚÔ¯ÒÓ Ù˘ ‰ËÌfiÛÈ·˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜.

ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 43-48, 2013

§¤ÍÂȘ ÎÏÂȉȿ: K·Ù’ Ô›ÎÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋, °ËÚÔ‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋.

1 E›ÎÔ˘ÚË K·ıËÁ‹ÙÚÈ· KÈÓËÙ‹˜ ¶ÚÔÛıÂÙÈ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡TÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ EK¶A

2 ™˘ÓÙÔÓ›ÛÙÚÈ· ¢È¢ı‡ÓÙÚÈ· E.™.Y., ¢Ú O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜, MPhil Med

I‰Ú‡Ì·Ù· ÚÔ¤Ï¢Û˘:EÚÁ·ÛÙ‹ÚÈÔ ¶ÚÔÛıÂÙÈ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡ TÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ EK¶A, °ÓˆÛÙÈ-Îfi ·ÓÙÈΛÌÂÓÔ °ËÚÔ‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ Î·È O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi TÌ‹Ì· - EȉÈ΋MÔÓ¿‰· AÌÂA EÓËϛΈÓ, °ÂÓÈÎfi NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂ›Ô «AÛÎÏËÈÂ›Ô BԇϷ˜»

EI™A°ø°H

H Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÂÚ›ı·Ï„Ë ·Ú·‰ÔÛȷο ·Ú¤¯ÂÙ·È Â-ÓÙfi˜ ÔÚÁ·ÓˆÌ¤ÓˆÓ Î·È ÂȉÈο ·‰ÂÈÔ‰ÔÙËı¤ÓÙˆÓ ¯ÒÚˆÓ,fiˆ˜ Â›Ó·È Ù· ȉȈÙÈο Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚ›· ‹ ÔÏ˘Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚ›·(KÒ‰Èη˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ‰ÂÔÓÙÔÏÔÁ›·˜, ¶¢ 39, ¿ÚıÚÔ31.1, ºEK 3879, 1/4/2009) Î·È Ù· Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚ›· ÙÔ˘ ‰ËÌfi-ÛÈÔ˘ Û˘ÛÙ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ ˘Á›·˜. O ηÓfiÓ·˜ ÏÔÈfiÓ Â›Ó·È Ë ·-ÚÔ¯‹ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜ Û ԉÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚ›Ô, fiÔ˘ÏËÚÔ‡ÓÙ·È Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤Ó˜ ÚԉȷÁڷʤ˜. øÛÙfiÛÔ ˘-¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ fiÔ˘ Ë ÚfiÛ‚·ÛË Û ÔÚÁ·ÓˆÌ¤ÓËÔ‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÌÔÓ¿‰· ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È ÂÊÈÎÙ‹, ÁÈ· ‰È¿ÊÔÚÔ˘˜ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎÔ˚·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡˜ ÏfiÁÔ˘˜. EÊfiÛÔÓ Î¿ı ÔÏ›Ù˘ ¤¯ÂÈ ‰Èη›ˆÌ· ÚfiÛ‚·Û˘ ÛÙËÓ Ô-‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·, ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ̆ ¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó ÂÓ·ÏÏ·ÎÙÈ-ÎÔ› ÙÚfiÔÈ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛ˘ ÙÔ˘ ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·ÙÔ˜. ™ÙȘ ÂÚÈ-

43

ÙÒÛÂȘ ·˘Ù¤˜ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ (Î·È ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜) Ë Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚÈ΋ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛË Ó· ·Ú¤¯ÂÙ·È «ÂÎÙfi˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚ›Ԣ»,ÛÙÔÓ ¯ÒÚÔ Î·È ÛÙÔÓ ÙfiÔ fiÔ˘ ‰È·Ì¤ÓÂÈ Ô ·ÛıÂÓ‹˜ ÚÔ-ÛˆÚÈÓ¿ ‹ ÌfiÓÈÌ·. ¢ËÏ·‰‹ Û fiÏÂȘ, ·ÔÌ·ÎÚ˘Ṳ̂ӷ ÓË-ÛÈ¿ ‹ ÔÚÂÈÓ¿ ¯ˆÚÈ¿, Û ۛÙÈ·, ÁËÚÔÎÔÌ›·, ÓÔÛËÏ¢ÙÈΤ˜ÌÔÓ¿‰Â˜, ΤÓÙÚ· ËÌÂÚ‹ÛÈ·˜ ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜, Û¯ÔÏ›·, ÔÚÊ·-ÓÔÙÚÔÊ›·, ÛˆÊÚÔÓÈÛÙ‹ÚÈ·, ÛÙÚ·ÙȈÙÈΤ˜ ˙ÒÓ˜ Î.Ï.™ÙËÓ Â˘Ú‡ÙÂÚË ¤ÓÓÔÈ· Ù˘ «Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÂÎÙfi˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚ›Ԣ» Û˘ÌÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÔÓÙ·È ÔÈ ÎÈÓËÙ¤˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈΤ˜ÌÔÓ¿‰Â˜, ÔÈ Ôԛ˜ Â›Ó·È ÌÂÁ¿Ï· Ô¯‹Ì·Ù· ηٿÏÏËÏ· ‰È·-ÌÔÚʈ̤ӷ ¤ÙÛÈ ÒÛÙ ӷ ÂÛˆÎÏÂ›Ô˘Ó Ï‹Úˆ˜ ‰È·ÌÔÚʈ-̤ӷ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚ›· Î·È ÔÈ Ôԛ˜ ÌÂÙ·‚·›ÓÔ˘Ó Û ÂÚÈÔ-¯¤˜-ÛÙfi¯Ô˘˜ Î·È ·Ú¤¯Ô˘Ó Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÂÚ›ı·Ï„Ë Â-ÓÙfi˜ ÙÔ˘ ¯ÒÚÔ˘ ÙÔ˘˜ Î·È Ë Î·Ù’ Ô›ÎÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋, Ô˘·Ú¤¯ÂÙ·È ÂÓÙfi˜ ÙÔ˘ ¯ÒÚÔ˘ ‰È·ÌÔÓ‹˜ ÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂÓÔ‡˜.O ÛÎÔfi˜ Ù˘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ ·˘Ù‹˜ Â›Ó·È Ó· ÂÚÈÁÚ·ÊÔ‡Ó ÙÔ È-Û¯‡ÔÓ ÓÔÌÔıÂÙÈÎfi Ï·›ÛÈÔ, ÔÈ ·Ó¿ÁΘ, Ë ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Û· η-Ù¿ÛÙ·ÛË Î·È ÔÈ Î·Ù¢ı‡ÓÛÂȘ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ¿ÛÎËÛË Ù˘ ηْ Ô›-ÎÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÛÙËÓ ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜.

KAT’ OIKON NO™H§EIA KAI NOMO£ETIKO ¶§AI™IO

H ηْ Ô›ÎÔÓ ·ÚÔ¯‹ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜ ·ÔÙÂÏ›ηÙËÁÔÚ›· Ù˘ «Î·Ù’ Ô›ÎÔÓ ÓÔÛËÏ›·˜ (K.O.N.)» O fiÚÔ˜«Î·Ù’ Ô›ÎÔÓ ÓÔÛËÏ›·» ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÂÈ ‰‡Ô ¤ÓÓÔȘ ·ÓÙÈÊ·-ÙÈΤ˜, Ô˘ fï˜ Û˘Ó‰˘¿˙ÔÓÙ·È Â’ ˆÊÂÏ›· ÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂ-ÓÔ‡˜. ø˜ K.O.N. ÓÔÂ›Ù·È Ë ·ÚÔ¯‹ È·ÙÚÈÎÒÓ Î·È ÓÔÛËÏ¢-ÙÈÎÒÓ ̆ ËÚÂÛÈÒÓ ·fi ÔÚÁ·ÓˆÌ¤Ó˜ ÌÔÓ¿‰Â˜ ηْ Ô›ÎÔÓ ‹Ì ·Ï¿ ÏfiÁÈ· «Ë ÌÂÙ¿‚·ÛË ÙÔ˘ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌ›Ԣ ÛÙÔ Û›ÙÈÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂÓÔ‡˜» (“hospital care at home”) ‰È·Ê¤ÚÔÓÙ·˜Û·ÊÒ˜ ·fi ÙËÓ ·Ï‹ È·ÙÚÈ΋ ›ÛÎÂ„Ë Î·Ù’ Ô›ÎÔÓ. HK.O.N. ·ÔÙÂÏ› ‰Èη›ˆÌ· ÙˆÓ ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ Î·È ÙÌ‹Ì· Ù˘ڈÙÔ‚¿ıÌÈ·˜ ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜ Û fiÏ· Ù· Û‡Á¯ÚÔÓ· Â˘Úˆ·˚-ο Û˘ÛÙ‹Ì·Ù· ˘Á›·˜. ™ÙËÓ EÏÏ¿‰· ÂÊ·ÚÌfi˙ÂÙ·È ·fi ÙÔ1979 ·fi ÙÔ ¢.I.¶. «META•A» ÌfiÓÔ ÁÈ· ηÚÎÈÓÔ·ı›˜Î·È ·fi ÙÔ 1987 ·fi ÙÔ OÁÎÔÏÔÁÈÎfi NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂ›Ô «AÁ.AÓ¿ÚÁ˘ÚÔÈ» ÁÈ· ηÚÎÈÓÔ·ı›˜ ›Û˘1. NÔÌÔıÂÙÈο, ¿ÓÙˆ˜, ÚÒÙË ÌÓ›· ·ÚÔ¯‹˜ K.O.N. ·fiÙÔ E™Y Á›ÓÂÙ·È ÛÙÔ NfiÌÔ 1397/83. ™ÙÔ ¿ÚıÚÔ 15 ÙÔ˘ Ófi-ÌÔ˘ ·˘ÙÔ‡ ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÂÙ·È fiÙÈ Ë ÓÔÛËÏ›· Î·È Ë ·Ú·ÎÔÏÔ‡-ıËÛË ·ÚÚÒÛÙˆÓ Ô˘ ‚Ú›ÛÎÔÓÙ·È ÛÙÔ ÛÙ¿‰ÈÔ Ù˘ ·Ó¿Ú-ÚˆÛ˘ ‹ ÌÂÙ¿ ÙËÓ ¤ÍÔ‰fi ÙÔ˘˜ ·fi ÙÔ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂ›Ô Â›Ó·È ̆ -Ô¯Ú¤ˆÛË Î·È ÛÎÔfi˜ ÙˆÓ K¤ÓÙÚˆÓ YÁ›·˜, ÛÙÔ ‰Â ¿Ú-ıÚÔ 18 fiÙÈ ÔÈ ÁÂÓÈÎÔ› È·ÙÚÔ› ¤Ú· ·fi ÙËÓ ˘ËÚÂÛ›· ÙÔ˘˜ÛÙÔ Î¤ÓÙÚÔ ˘Á›·˜ ‹ ÙÔ ÂÚÈÊÂÚÂÈ·Îfi È·ÙÚÂ›Ô ÂÎÙÂÏÔ‡ÓÎ·È ÂÈÛΤ„ÂȘ ÛÙ· Û›ÙÈ· ÙˆÓ ·ÚÚÒÛÙˆÓ ·Ó¿ÏÔÁ· Ì ÙËÓηٿÛÙ·Û‹ ÙÔ˘˜. M ÙÔ ÓfiÌÔ 2071/1992, ¿ÚıÚÔ 28 (ºEK A123 19920715,ÂÚ› EÎÛ˘Á¯ÚÔÓÈÛÌÔ‡ Î·È OÚÁ¿ÓˆÛ˘ ™˘ÛÙ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ YÁ›-·˜) ηıÈÂÚÒıËÎÂ Ë Î·Ù’ Ô›ÎÔÓ ÓÔÛËÏ›·, ·Ê¤ıËΠfï˜Ó· ηıÔÚÈÛıÔ‡Ó Ì ÚÔ‰ÚÈο ‰È·Ù¿ÁÌ·Ù· ÔÈ fiÚÔÈ Î·È ÔÈÚÔ¸Ôı¤ÛÂȘ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ·ÚÔ¯‹ Ù˘. ™˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ӷ, Ì ÙÔ¿ÚıÚÔ 28 ηıÔÚ›˙ÔÓÙ·È ÔÈ fiÚÔÈ Î·È ÔÈ ÚÔ¸Ôı¤ÛÂȘ ÁÈ·ÙËÓ ·ÚÔ¯‹ Ù˘, Ô ¯ÚfiÓÔ˜ ¤Ó·Ú͢ ÙÔ˘ Û˘ÛÙ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜, ÔÈηÙËÁÔڛ˜ ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ, ÔÈ Ù˘¯fiÓ ÂÍÂȉÈÎÂ˘Ì¤Ó˜ È·ÙÚÈΤ˜ ‹ÓÔÛËÏ¢ÙÈΤ˜ Ú¿ÍÂȘ, Ù· ÓÔÛËÏ¢ÙÈο ȉڇ̷ٷ ‹ ¿ÏϘÌÔÓ¿‰Â˜ ÙÔ˘ TÔ̤· YÁ›·˜ ‹ ¶ÚfiÓÔÈ·˜ ‹ KÔÈÓˆÓÈÎÒÓAÛÊ·Ï›ÛÂˆÓ ÙÔ˘ YÔ˘ÚÁ›Ԣ YÁ›·˜ ¶ÚfiÓÔÈ·˜ Î·È KÔÈ-ÓˆÓÈÎÒÓ AÛʷϛۈÓ, Ô˘ Ì ÙË Ì¤ÚÈÌÓ· Î·È Â˘ı‡ÓË ÙÔ˘˜

ı· ÂÊ·ÚÌfi˙ÂÙ·È Ë Î·Ù’ Ô›ÎÔÓ ÓÔÛËÏ›·, ÂÈϤÔÓ Î·ıÔÚ›-˙ÔÓÙ·È ÔÈ ‰·¿Ó˜ ÎÈÓ‹Ûˆ˜ ÙˆÓ ·ÙfïÓ, Ë Û˘ÌÌÂÙÔ¯‹ÙÔ˘ ·ÛÊ·ÏÈÛÙÈÎÔ‡ ÊÔÚ¤· ÙÔ˘ ÓÔÛËÏ¢fiÌÂÓÔ˘ ÛÙȘ ‰·¿-Ó˜ Ù˘ ÓÔÛËÏ›·˜ ηıÒ˜ Î·È Î¿ı ¿ÏÏË ÏÂÙÔ̤ÚÂÈ·. MÂÙÔ ¿ÚıÚÔ 29 ÙÔ˘ ›‰ÈÔ˘ ÓfiÌÔ˘ ÔÚ›ÛÙËΠfiÙÈ Ì ÎÔÈÓ‹YÔ˘ÚÁÈ΋ AfiÊ·ÛË ÙˆÓ YÔ˘ÚÁÒÓ, ¶ÚÔ‰ڛ·˜ OÈÎÔÓÔ-ÌÈÎÒÓ Î·È YÁ›·˜ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· Û˘ÛÙ·ıÔ‡Ó ÌÔÓ¿‰Â˜ ÓÔÛË-Ï›·˜ ˘fi ÙË ‰È‡ı˘ÓÛË È·ÙÚÔ‡ Û NÔÌÈο ¶ÚfiÛˆ· ¢Ë-ÌÔÛ›Ô˘ ¢Èη›Ô˘ ÙÔ˘ Ó.‰.2592/1953, Ë ÛÙÂϤ¯ˆÛË Î·È ÏÂÈ-ÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· ÙˆÓ ÔÔ›ˆÓ ·Ê¤ıËΠӷ Ú˘ıÌÈÛÙ› Ì ¶ÚÔ‰ÚÈÎfi‰È¿Ù·ÁÌ·. M ÙÔ ‰Â ¿ÚıÚÔ 30 ıÂÛÌÔıÂÙ‹ıËÎÂ Ë Û‡ÛÙ·ÛËYËÚÂÛ›·˜ ηْ Ô›ÎÔÓ ÓÔÛËÏ›·˜ ÛÙÔ YÔ˘ÚÁÂ›Ô YÁ›·˜,Ù˘ ÔÔ›·˜ ÙÔ ÔÚÁ·ÓfiÁÚ·ÌÌ·, Ë ÛÙÂϤ¯ˆÛË, Ë ÔÚÁ¿Óˆ-ÛË Î·È Ë ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· ÔÌÔ›ˆ˜ ·Ê¤ıËÎ·Ó Ó· Ú˘ıÌÈÛıÔ‡Ó Ì¶ÚÔ‰ÚÈÎfi ‰È¿Ù·ÁÌ·. MÂÙ·ÁÂÓ¤ÛÙÂÚ·, Ì ÙÔ NfiÌÔ 2519/8/97, ¿ÚıÚÔ 21, ÔÚ›-ÛıËΠfiÙÈ Ù· NÔÛÔÎÔÌ›· ÙÔ˘ E.™.Y. Î·È Ù· K¤ÓÙÚ· YÁ›-·˜ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ·Ú¤¯Ô˘Ó ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ ηْ Ô›ÎÔÓ ÓÔÛËÏ›-·˜, ·Ê‹ÓÂÙ·È ‰Â ¿ÏÈ Ì ˘Ô˘ÚÁÈ΋ ·fiÊ·ÛË Ó· ÔÚÈ-ÛıÔ‡Ó ÔÈ Î·ÙËÁÔڛ˜ ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ Î·È ·ı‹ÛÂˆÓ ÁÈ· ÙȘ Ô-ԛ˜ ·˘Ù‹ ı· ÂÊ·ÚÌfi˙ÂÙ·È, fiˆ˜ Î·È Ô ÙÚfiÔ˜ ÔÚÁ¿Óˆ-Û˘, ÔÈ ÚÔ¸Ôı¤ÛÂȘ Î·È Ë ‰È·‰Èηۛ·1, 2. TÔ ¶ÚÔ‰ÚÈÎfi ¢È¿Ù·ÁÌ· ˘ ·ÚÈıÌ. 84, 10/4/2001, ¿ÚıÚÔ4.2, ·Ó¤ÊÂÚ fiÙÈ: «È·ÙÚÈ΋ Ú¿ÍË ÂÎÙfi˜ ¤‰Ú·˜ ÙÔ˘ ºÔÚ¤·¶·ÚÔ¯‹˜ YÁ›·˜ (º¶Y) ÂÈÙÚ¤ÂÙ·È ÌfiÓÔ ÛÙȘ ÂÚÈÙÒ-ÛÂȘ Ô˘ ÚԂϤÔÓÙ·È ·fi Ù· ¿ÚıÚ· 14 Î·È 15 ÙÔ˘ AN1565/39 (ºEK A 16)». O Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ÓÔ˜ ÓfiÌÔ˜ ·Ó¤ÊÂÚ fi-ÙÈ: «T·ÎÙÈη› ÂÚÈËÁ‹ÛÂȘ ÚÔ˜ ·ÚÔ¯‹Ó È·ÙÚÈ΋˜ Û˘Ó-‰ÚÔÌ‹˜ ÂÈÙÚ¤ÔÓÙ·È ÙË ÂÁÎÚ›ÛÂÈ ÙÔ˘ ÔÈΛԢ È·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡™˘ÏÏfiÁÔ˘, fiÙ·Ó Û˘ÓËÁÔÚÔ‡Ó ÚÔ˜ ÙÔ‡ÙÔ È‰È·›ÙÂÚ·È ÙÔÈ-η› Û˘Óı‹Î·È». K·Ù¿ ‚¿ÛË ÏÔÈfiÓ Â‰›ÓÂÙÔ ÛÙÔ˘˜ È·ÙÚÈ-ÎÔ‡˜ Î·È Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡˜ Û˘ÏÏfiÁÔ˘˜ Ì›· ‰˘Ó·ÙfiÙËÙ· ¢-Ú‡ÙÂÚ˘ ÂÚÌËÓ›·˜ ÙÔ˘ ̇ ËÙ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜, ÙÔ˘Ï¿¯ÈÛÙÔÓ fiÛÔÓ ·-ÊÔÚ¿ ÛÙÔ˘˜ ȉÈÒÙ˜ ÁÈ·ÙÚÔ‡˜ Î·È Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ¿ÙÚÔ˘˜. TÔ 2014 ‰‡Ô ÂÈϤÔÓ NfiÌÔÈ ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÔÓÙ·È Û ·˘Ùfi ÙÔ È‰È-·›ÙÂÚÔ Â›‰Ô˜ ÓÔÛËÏ›·˜:·) O NfiÌÔ˜ 4272, ¿ÚıÚÔ 35, Ô˘ ıÂÛÌÔıÂÙ› ÙËÓ ·Ó¿-Ù˘ÍË Î·È ÔÚÁ¿ÓˆÛË Î·Ù’ Ô›ÎÔÓ ÓÔÛËÏ›·˜ fi¯È ÌfiÓÔÓ ·fiÓÔÌÈο ÚfiÛˆ· ‰ËÌÔÛ›Ô˘ ‰Èη›Ô˘ ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ·fi ÓÔÌÈοÚfiÛˆ· ȉȈÙÈÎÔ‡ ‰Èη›Ô˘ Ô˘ ·Ú¤¯Ô˘Ó ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ ˘-Á›·˜ Î·È ‰ÂÓ ˘¿ÁÔÓÙ·È ÛÙÔ E™Y, ·fi ‰ËÌÔÙÈο È·ÙÚ›·Î·È ÓÔÌÈο ÚfiÛˆ· ‰ËÌÔÛ›Ô˘ Î·È È‰ÈˆÙÈÎÔ‡ ‰Èη›Ô˘ ÙˆÓ‰‹ÌˆÓ Ô˘ ·Ú¤¯Ô˘Ó ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ ˘Á›·˜, ·ÎfiÌË ‰Â Î·È ·-fi I‰ÈˆÙÈΤ˜ MÔÓ¿‰Â˜ YÁ›·˜ ηıÒ˜ Î·È ·fi ȉÈÒÙ˜ Â-·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜ ˘Á›·˜.‚) O NfiÌÔ˜ 4238, ¿ÚıÚÔ 27, Ô˘ ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÂÙ·È ÛÙËÓ ·ÚÔ-¯‹ ÂÚ›ı·Ï„˘ Ì ÎÈÓËÙ¤˜ ÌÔÓ¿‰Â˜. ™‡Ìʈӷ Ì ·˘ÙfiÓ,‰‡Ó·Ù·È Ó· Û˘ÓÈÛÙÒÓÙ·È KÈÓËÙ¤˜ MÔÓ¿‰Â˜ ¶ÚˆÙÔ‚¿ı-ÌÈ·˜ ºÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜ YÁ›·˜, ˆ˜ ÌÔÓ¿‰Â˜ ÙˆÓ ¢.Y.¶Â. ‹ ÙˆÓNÔÛÔÎÔÌ›ˆÓ, ÁÈ· ÙËÓ Â͢ËÚ¤ÙËÛË ÙˆÓ ·Ó·ÁÎÒÓ YÁ›·˜Û ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜ Ì ȉȷ›ÙÂÚ· ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· ÚfiÛ‚·Û˘ ÛÙȘ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ ¶ÚˆÙÔ‚¿ıÌÈ·˜ ºÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜ YÁ›·˜. E›Û˘‰‡Ó·Ù·È Ó· ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó KÈÓËÙ¤˜ MÔÓ¿‰Â˜ ¶ÚˆÙÔ‚¿ı-ÌÈ·˜ ºÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜ YÁ›·˜ Î·È ·fi ÏÔÈ¿ N.¶.¢.¢. Î·È O.T.A.,N.¶.I.¢. ÌË ÎÂÚ‰ÔÛÎÔÈÎÔ‡ ¯·Ú·ÎÙ‹Ú·, ηıÒ˜ Î·È ·fiۈ̷Ù›· Î·È ÂÙ·ÈÚ›˜ AÛÙÈÎÔ‡ ¢Èη›Ô˘.ŒÙÛÈ, Û‹ÌÂÚ· ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó ‰ËÌfiÛȘ Î·È È‰ÈˆÙÈΤ˜ ˘ËÚÂ-ۛ˜ ηْ Ô›ÎÔÓ ÓÔÛËÏ›·˜ Û ·ÚÎÂÙ¤˜ fiÏÂȘ. ŸÌˆ˜, η̛· Û¯ÂÙÈ΋ ÓÔÌÔıÂÙÈ΋ Ú‡ıÌÈÛË ‰ÂÓ ¤¯ÂÈ Á›ÓÂÈ

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̤¯ÚÈ Û‹ÌÂÚ· Û¯ÂÙÈο Ì ÙËÓ Î·Ù’ Ô›ÎÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·. H ·‚ÂÏÙËÚ›· ·˘Ù‹ Ù˘ ÔÏÈÙ›·˜ ‰ÂÓ ÛÙ¿ıËΠÈηӋ Ó· ·-Ó·Îfi„ÂÈ ÙËÓ ˘ÏÔÔ›ËÛ‹ Ù˘. ŒÙÛÈ, Ë Î·Ù’ Ô›ÎÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰· Â›Ó·È ÌÈ· Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÈÎfiÙËÙ· ÛÙËÓ ̄ ÒÚ· Ì·˜Î·È ·ÚÎÂÙÔ› Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔÈ, ÌÂÌÔӈ̤ӷ ‹ ̤ۈ ÂÙ·ÈÚÈÒÓ,·Ú¤¯Ô˘Ó ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ ηْ Ô›ÎÔÓ, ηٿ ÙÔÓ ÙÚfiÔ Î·È ÌÂÙ· ̤۷ Ô˘ ÔÈ ›‰ÈÔÈ ÎÚ›ÓÔ˘Ó Î·È ÂÎÙÈÌÔ‡Ó fiÙÈ Â›Ó·È Ù· η-Ù¿ÏÏËÏ·2.

¶OIOI A™£ENEI™ E¶øºE§OYNTAI A¶O THN KAT’ OIKONO¢ONTIATPIKH

H ηْ Ô›ÎÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰· ÚÔÛʤÚÂÈ È‰È·›ÙÂ-Ú˜ ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ Û ¿ÙÔÌ· Ì ÛÔ‚·Ú¿ ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· ˘Á›-·˜, ÚÔÛˆÚÈÓ¿ ‹ ÌfiÓÈÌ·, Ù· ÔÔ›· ηıÈÛÙÔ‡Ó ‰˘Û¯ÂÚ‹ ‹·‰‡Ó·ÙË ÙË ÌÂٷΛÓËÛ‹ ÙÔ˘˜ Û ԉÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÌÔÓ¿‰·3.™ÙȘ ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ ·˘Ù¤˜ Û˘ÌÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÔÓÙ·È ·ÛıÂÓ›˜Î·Ù·ÎÂÎÏÈ̤ÓÔÈ ‹ Ì ÛÔ‚·Ú¿ ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· ÎÈÓËÙÈÎfiÙË-Ù·˜ Î·È ·Ó·ËÚ›·˜ (¯. ·ÚıÚ›Ùȉ˜, ÚÂ˘Ì·ÙÈΤ˜ ·ı‹-ÛÂȘ, ηٿÁÌ·Ù· ÈÛ¯›ˆÓ, ÚÔ¯ˆÚË̤ÓÔ ·ÚÎÈÓÛÔÓÈÛÌfi,ηı‹ÏˆÛË ÛÙÔ ÎÚ‚¿ÙÈ ÁÈ· ÔÔÈÔ‰‹ÔÙ ÏfiÁÔ fiˆ˜ ·-fi ÙÚÔ¯·›Ô) ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ Ì Ó¢ÚÔÏÔÁÈΤ˜ ‹ „˘-¯È·ÙÚÈΤ˜ ·ı‹ÛÂȘ, ÛÙÔ˘˜ ÔÔ›Ô˘˜ Ë ÌÂٷΛÓËÛË Û ¿-ÁÓˆÛÙÔ ÂÚÈ‚¿ÏÏÔÓ ÚÔηÏ› Û‡Á¯˘ÛË Î·È ·ÔÚÔÛ·-Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌfi (¯. Û ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ Ì ÓfiÛÔ Alzheimer, Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚÈ΋ ÊÔ‚›· Î.Ï). E›Û˘ ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÔÓÙ·È ·ÛıÂÓ›˜ ·-ÓÔÛÔηٷÛÙ·Ï̤ÓÔÈ, Ô˘ Ë Â›ÛÔ‰fi˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙÔ ÓÔÛÔÎÔ-ÌÂ›Ô ÂÁ΢ÌÔÓ› ΛӉ˘ÓÔ ÚÔÛ‚ÔÏ‹˜ ·fi ÂÓ‰ÔÓÔÛÔÎÔ-ÌÂȷΤ˜ ÏÔÈÌÒÍÂȘ, ηÚÎÈÓÔ·ı›˜ ÙÂÏÈÎÔ‡ ÛÙ·‰›Ô˘ ηȷÛıÂÓ›˜ Ì ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ηډÈÔ·Ó·Ó¢ÛÙÈο ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù·ÙÂÏÈÎÔ‡ ÛÙ·‰›Ô˘. ŒÓ· ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈÎfi ÔÛÔÛÙfi ÙˆÓ ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ ÙˆÓ ·ÓˆÙ¤Úˆ η-ÙËÁÔÚÈÒÓ ·Ó‹ÎÂÈ ÛÙËÓ ÙÚ›ÙË Î·È Ù¤Ù·ÚÙË ËÏÈΛ·, ηıÒ˜ Ëȉȷ›ÙÂÚ· ·˘ÍË̤ÓË Â˘¿ıÂÈ· Î·È ·Ó·ËÚ›· ηıÈÛÙÔ‡ÓÛ˘¯Ó¿ ··ÁÔÚ¢ÙÈ΋ ÙËÓ ÚfiÛ‚·ÛË Û ԉÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·. H ¶·ÁÎfiÛÌÈ· MÂϤÙË YÁ›·˜ (World Health Survey,2002-2004) Û 54 ¯ÒÚ˜ η٤‰ÂÈÍ fiÙÈ 14% ÙˆÓ ÂÓËÏ›-ÎˆÓ ·ÚÔ˘Û›·˙·Ó ÙÔ˘Ï¿¯ÈÛÙÔÓ ¤Ó· ‹ ‰‡Ô ÛÔ‚·Ú¿ ÚÔ-‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· Ô˘ ÂÚÈfiÚÈ˙·Ó ÙȘ ηıËÌÂÚÈÓ¤˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ‰Ú·ÛÙË-ÚÈfiÙËÙ˜, ÔÛÔÛÙfi Ô˘ ¤ÊÙ·Ó ÙÔ 39% ÛÙÔ˘˜ ËÏÈÎȈ̤-ÓÔ˘˜4. ™ÙËÓ ÚÔËÁÔ‡ÌÂÓË ÌÂϤÙË Ù· ·ÓÙ›ÛÙÔȯ· ÔÛÔ-ÛÙ¿ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ EÏÏ¿‰· ÚÔÛ¤ÁÁÈ˙·Ó ÙÔ 12,4% ÁÈ· ÙÔ˘˜ Â-Ó‹ÏÈΘ Î·È ÙÔ 21,1% ÁÈ· ÙÔ˘˜ ËÏÈÎȈ̤ÓÔ˘˜ ¿Óˆ ÙˆÓ 65,Ì 11,9% ÂÍ ·˘ÙÒÓ Ó· ¿Û¯ÂÈ ·fi ÛÔ‚·Ú¿ ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù·ÎÈÓËÙÈÎfiÙËÙ·˜4. TÔ 2005, 21,8% ÙˆÓ ÂÓËÏ›ÎˆÓ ¿Óˆ ÙˆÓ18 ÂÙÒÓ ÛÙȘ H¶A ‰‹ÏˆÛ·Ó ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· Ô˘ ÂÌfi‰È˙·ÓÙȘ ηıËÌÂÚÈÓ¤˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ‰Ú·ÛÙËÚÈfiÙËÙ˜, ÔÛÔÛÙfi Ô˘ÛÙ· ËÏÈÎȈ̤ӷ ¿ÙÔÌ· ¿Óˆ ÙˆÓ 65 ÂÙÒÓ ¤ÊÙ·Ó ÙÔ51,8%5. EȉÈÎfiÙÂÚ·, 4% ‰‹ÏˆÛ ‰˘ÛÎÔÏ›· ÛÙÔ Ó· ‚ÁÂÈ ¤-͈ ·fi ÙÔ Û›ÙÈ, ÔÛÔÛÙfi Ô˘ ÛÙÔ˘˜ ËÏÈÎȈ̤ÓÔ˘˜ ¤-ÊÙ·Ó ÙÔ 13,7%5. H ·‰˘Ó·Ì›· ·˘ÙÔÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜ Ì·˙› Ì ÙÔÁÂÁÔÓfi˜ Ù˘ ·˘ÍË̤Ó˘ ·ÚÔ˘Û›·˜ Ê˘ÛÈÎÒÓ ‰ÔÓÙÈÒÓ·˘Í¿ÓÂÈ Î·È Ù· Ô‰ÔÓÙÈο ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· Ô˘ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ·-ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆÈÛÙÔ‡Ó (ÙÂÚˉfiÓ·, ÂÚÈÔ‰ÔÓÙÈ΋ ÓfiÛÔ˜ Î.¿.). øÛÙfiÛÔ, ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈο ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· ‰ÂÓ Î·Ù·ÁÚ¿ÊÔÓÙ·ÈÌfiÓÔ ÛÙÔ˘˜ ÂÓfi‰ÔÓÙ˜, ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ÛÙÔ˘˜ Óˆ‰Ô‡˜ ·ÛıÂ-Ó›˜ Ô˘ ʤÚÔ˘Ó ÎÈÓËÙ¤˜ ÚÔÛıÂÙÈΤ˜ ÂÚÁ·Û›Â˜. E›Ó·È

Û˘¯Ó‹ Ë ·ÚÔ˘Û›· ÊÏÂÁÌÔÓÒÓ Î·È ÌÔχÓÛÂˆÓ (ÛÙÔÌ·Ù›-Ùȉ˜, ˘ÂÚϷۛ˜, ¤ÏÎË, Û˘Á¯ÂÈÏ›Ùȉ· Î.Ï.), Ô˘ ¤-¯Ô˘Ó ˆ˜ ›ÎÂÓÙÚÔ ÙËÓ ¯Ú‹ÛË Ô‰ÔÓÙÔÛÙÔȯÈÒÓ, ¯ˆÚ›˜Û˘ÛÙËÌ·ÙÈ΋ ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰· ·fi ÙÔÓ ›‰ÈÔ ÙÔÓ ·ÛıÂÓ‹ ‹ ÙÔ˘˜ÊÚÔÓÙÈÛÙ¤˜, ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ̄ ˆÚ›˜ Ù·ÎÙÈÎÔ‡˜ ·ÓÂϤÁ¯Ô˘˜ ·-fi ÙÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ6, 7. ¶¤Ú·Ó ÙˆÓ ÚÔ‚ÏËÌ¿ÙˆÓ ̆ Á›·˜, ̆ ¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó Î·È ¿ÏÏ· ·›-ÙÈ· ‰˘ÛÎÔÏ›·˜ ‹ ·‰˘Ó·Ì›·˜ ÚfiÛ‚·Û˘ Û ԉÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ-Τ˜ ÌÔÓ¿‰Â˜. K·Ù·ÁÚ¿ÊÂÙ·È Û ‰È·‚ÈÔ‡ÓÙ˜ Û ȉڇ̷-Ù·, fiˆ˜ Â›Ó·È Ù· ÔÚÊ·ÓÔÙÚÔÊ›·, Ù· ÁËÚÔÎÔÌ›· ηȿÏϘ ÌÔÓ¿‰Â˜ Ì·ÎÚÔ¯ÚfiÓÈ·˜ ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜ ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È Ù·ÛˆÊÚÔÓÈÛÙ‹ÚÈ·, ÔÈ ̄ ÒÚÔÈ ̆ ԉԯ›˜ ·ÛÙ¤ÁˆÓ ‹ ÌÂÙ·Ó·-ÛÙÒÓ, ‹ Ù· ÛÙÚ·ÙȈÙÈο ÛÒÌ·Ù· Ô˘ ÁÈ· ‰È¿ÊÔÚÔ˘˜ Ïfi-ÁÔ˘˜ ‚Ú›ÛÎÔÓÙ·È Û ·ÔÌ·ÎÚ˘Ṳ̂Ó˜ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜. ™ÙËÓ EÏÏ¿‰· Ô˘ Â›Ó·È Ì›· ÔÚÂÈÓ‹ Î·È ÓËÛȈÙÈ΋ ¯ÒÚ·,ÊÚ·ÁÌÔ› ÛÙËÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÂÚ›ı·Ï„Ë ÚÔ·ÙÔ˘Ó Î·È·fi ÁˆÁÚ·ÊÈÎÔ‡˜ ÏfiÁÔ˘˜ ·ÊÔ‡ Û ÔÏϤ˜ ·ÔÌ·ÎÚ˘-Ṳ̂Ó˜ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜ ‰ÂÓ ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó ÂÓ Ï‹ÚË ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· È-‰ÈˆÙÈΤ˜ ‹ ‰ËÌfiÛȘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈΤ˜ ÌÔÓ¿‰Â˜.Afi ÙȘ ·Ú·¿Óˆ ηÙËÁÔڛ˜ ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ ÂΛÓÔÈ Ô˘ ˆ-ÊÂÏÔ‡ÓÙ·È ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚÔ ·fi ÙËÓ Î·Ù’ Ô›ÎÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ-΋ ·Ó‹ÎÔ˘Ó ÛÙËÓ ÚÒÙË Î·ÙËÁÔÚ›· ÙˆÓ ·ÙfiÌˆÓ Ì ÚÔ-‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· ˘Á›·˜. OÈ ‰È·‚ÈÔ‡ÓÙ˜ Û ȉڇ̷ٷ Î·È ÔÈ Î¿-ÙÔÈÎÔÈ ·ÔÌ·ÎÚ˘ÛÌ¤ÓˆÓ ÂÚÈÔ¯ÒÓ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ˆÊÂÏË-ıÔ‡Ó ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈο ·fi ÙË ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· Ï‹Úˆ˜ ÂÍÔÏÈṲ̂-ÓˆÓ ÎÈÓËÙÒÓ ÌÔÓ¿‰ˆÓ ·ÚÔ¯‹˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÊÚÔÓÙ›-‰·˜, ÔÈ Ôԛ˜ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ÌÂÙ·ÎÈÓËıÔ‡Ó Î·È Ó· ÂÁηٷ-ÛÙ·ıÔ‡Ó ÚÔÛˆÚÈÓ¿ Û ÚÔ·‡ÏÈ· È‰Ú˘Ì¿ÙˆÓ, Û¯ÔÏ›·,Ï·Ù›˜ Î·È Ó· ÚÔÛʤÚÔ˘Ó ÔÚÁ·ÓˆÌ¤Ó˜ ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜, ÂȤ‰Ô˘ ·Ó¿ÏÔÁÔ˘ Ì ÂΛӘ Ô˘ ·Ú¤¯Ô-ÓÙ·È Û ¯ÒÚÔ˘˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚ›ˆÓ. T¤ÙÔȘ ‰Ú¿ÛÂȘ ·ÔÙÂ-ÏÔ‡Ó ˘Ô¯Ú¤ˆÛË ÙÔ˘ ‰ËÌfiÛÈÔ˘ Û˘ÛÙ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÂÚ›ı·Ï„˘ ηıÒ˜ ÔÈ Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤Ó˜ ÙÔÈΤ˜Û˘Óı‹Î˜ Û˘¯Ó¿ Û˘Óԉ‡ÔÓÙ·È Î·È ·fi ÔÈΛϷ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ-ÎÔÔÈÎÔÓÔÌÈο ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù·.

H ¢IE£NH™ ¶PA°MATIKOTHTA KAI EM¶EIPIA

H ηْ Ô›ÎÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ·ÛÎÂ›Ù·È ÛÙȘ ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚÂ˜Â˘Úˆ·˚Τ˜ ¯ÒÚ˜ (A˘ÛÙÚ›·, K‡ÚÔ˜, ¢·Ó›·, ºÈÓÏ·Ó-‰›·, °·ÏÏ›·, °ÂÚÌ·Ó›·, §ÂÙÔÓ›·, NÔÚ‚ËÁ›·, §Ô˘ÍÂÌ-‚Ô‡ÚÁÔ, Hӈ̤ÓÔ B·Û›ÏÂÈÔ, M¿ÏÙ·)8, ΢ڛˆ˜ ̤ۈ ÙˆÓÔ‰ÔÓÙÈ¿ÙÚˆÓ ÙÔ˘ ‰ËÌfiÛÈÔ˘ ÙÔ̤·, ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ÛÙȘ H¶A9,K·Ó·‰¿10 Î·È A˘ÛÙÚ·Ï›·11, 12 Ì ·ÚÈÔ ÛÙfi¯Ô ÙÔ˘˜ ¢·-ı›˜ ËÏÈÎȈ̤ÓÔ˘˜ ÛÙÔ Û›ÙÈ ‹ Û ȉڇ̷ٷ. ™ÙÔ Hӈ̤ÓÔ B·Û›ÏÂÈÔ Ô˘ ‰È·ı¤ÙÂÈ ¤Ó· ·fi Ù· ÈÔ ÔÚ-Á·ÓˆÌ¤Ó· Û˘ÛÙ‹Ì·Ù· ‰ËÌfiÛÈ·˜ È·ÙÚÈ΋˜ Î·È Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÊÚÔÓÙ›‰·˜ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ·Ó·Ù˘¯ı› Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤Ó˜ η-Ù¢ı˘ÓÙ‹ÚȘ Ô‰ËÁ›Â˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ Î·Ù’ Ô›ÎÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ÂÚ›ı·Ï„Ë3.¢˘ÛÙ˘¯Ò˜ Û ·ÁÎfiÛÌÈÔ Â›Â‰Ô ÔÈ ÂχıÂÚÔÈ Â·Á-ÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔÈ ‰ÂÓ ÂÓÙ¿ÛÛÔ˘Ó Û˘¯Ó¿ ÙËÓ Î·Ù’Ô›ÎÔÓ ıÂڷ›·, Û ۛÙÈ· Ë È‰Ú‡Ì·Ù·, ÛÙÔ ıÂڷ¢ÙÈÎfiÙÔ˘˜ ÔÏÔÛÙ¿ÛÈÔ. AÈٛ˜ ·ÔÊ˘Á‹˜ ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡Ó ÔÈ ‰‡-ÛÎÔϘ Û˘Óı‹Î˜ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜13, Ë ·Ô˘Û›· ηٿÏÏËÏÔ˘ Â-ÍÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡10, 12, 14, Ë ¤ÏÏÂÈ„Ë ¯ÚfiÓÔ˘10, 14, ÔÈÎÔÓÔÌÈο ˙ËÙ‹-Ì·Ù·10, 12, 13, Ë ·Ó·ÛÊ¿ÏÂÈ· ˆ˜ ÚÔ˜ ÙË ıÂڷ¢ÙÈ΋ ÚÔ-Û¤ÁÁÈÛË13 Î·È Ë ·Ó·Ú΋˜ Âη›‰Â˘ÛË12.

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ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 43-48, 2013

ANA°KAIE™ °Nø™EI™ KAI ¢E•IOTHTE™

°È· ÙËÓ ¿ÛÎËÛË Ù˘ ηْ Ô›ÎÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ··ÈÙÔ‡ÓÙ·ÈÛ˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤Ó˜ ÁÓÒÛÂȘ Î·È ‰ÂÍÈfiÙËÙ˜, ÔÈ ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ˜ ·-fi ÙȘ Ôԛ˜ ÂÚÈÎÏ›ÔÓÙ·È ÛÙÔ ÁÓˆÛÙÈÎfi ‰›Ô Ù˘ °ËÚÔ-‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜, fiˆ˜ Â›Ó·È Ë ÁÓÒÛË Î·È ·ÍÈÔÏfiÁËÛË Ù˘ ÁÂÓÈ-΋˜ ηٿÛÙ·Û˘ ˘Á›·˜ Î·È ÙˆÓ Û˘ÓÔ‰ÒÓ ÚÔ‚ÏËÌ¿ÙˆÓ ËÈηÓfiÙËÙ· ‰È·¯Â›ÚÈÛ˘ ÂÂÈÁÔ˘ÛÒÓ È·ÙÚÈÎÒÓ Î·Ù·ÛÙ¿ÛÂ-ˆÓ, ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È Ë ÔÚÁ¿ÓˆÛË ÙÔ˘ ¯ÚfiÓÔ˘, ÙÔ˘ ¯ÒÚÔ˘ Î·È ÙÔ˘Î·Ù¿ÏÏËÏÔ˘ ÂÍÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡3,15, 16.

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O ·Ó·Áη›Ô˜ ÂÍÔÏÈÛÌfi˜ ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÂÈ ˘ÏÈο Î·È ÂÚÁ·-Ï›· Ô˘ ÌÂٷʤÚÔÓÙ·È ÛÙÔÓ ̄ ÒÚÔ ¿ÛÎËÛ˘ Ù˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÂÚ›ı·Ï„˘3, 15. A) ÁÂÓÈÎfi˜ ÂÍÔÏÈÛÌfi˜O ÁÂÓÈÎfi˜ ÂÍÔÏÈÛÌfi˜ ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÂÈ Ù· ··Ú·›ÙËÙ·ÁÚ·ÌÌ·ÙÂȷο ¤ÁÁÚ·Ê· (ÁÈ· Ï‹„Ë ÈÛÙÔÚÈÎÔ‡, Û˘ÓÙ·ÁÔ-ÁÚ¿ÊËÛË ÎÏ), ÂÍÂÙ·ÛÙÈÎfi Ê·Îfi (Û˘Ì‚·ÙÈÎfi ‹ ÎÂÊ·Ï‹˜),ÂÍÂÙ·ÛÙÈÎfi ÛÂÙ (οÙÔÙÚÔ, Ï·‚›‰·, ·ÓȯÓÂ˘Ù‹Ú·), ̤۷ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÚfiÏË„Ë ÙˆÓ ÏÔÈÌÒÍÂˆÓ (Á¿ÓÙÈ·, Ì¿Ûη, ·ÓÙÈÛË-ÙÈο ÂÈÊ·Ó›·˜, ÂÙÛ¤Ù˜, ÂÙÛÂÙÔοÙÔ¯Ô, Ï·ÛÙÈοÔÙ‹ÚÈ·, ̤۷ ‰È·¯Â›ÚÈÛ˘ ÙˆÓ ·ÔÚÚÈÌÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÎÏ) Î·È Â-ÍÔÏÈÛÌfi ÁÈ· ›ÁÔÓÙ· (ηٿÏÏËÏ· Ê¿Ú̷η, Ô͢ÁfiÓÔ). B) ÂȉÈÎfi˜ ÂÍÔÏÈÛÌfi˜O ÂȉÈÎfi˜ ÂÍÔÏÈÛÌfi˜ ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÂÈ ÂÚÁ·Ï›· Î·È ˘ÏÈÎ¿Ô˘ ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÔ‡ÓÙ·È ÛÙȘ ‰È¿ÊÔÚ˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈΤ˜Ú¿ÍÂȘ (¯. ÚÔÛıÂÙÈο, ·ÓÔÚıˆÙÈο, ÂÚÈÔ‰ÔÓÙÈο,¯ÂÈÚÔ˘ÚÁÈο) Î·È Ù· ÔÔ›· ÌÂٷʤÚÔÓÙ·È ·fi ÙÔÓ Ô‰Ô-ÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ ·Ó¿ÏÔÁ· Ì ÙËÓ ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË Ô˘ ηÏÂ›Ù·È Ó· ·ÓÙÈ-ÌÂÙˆ›ÛÂÈ.°) ÎÔ˘ÙÈ¿ ÌÂÙ·ÊÔÚ¿˜O ÂÍÔÏÈÛÌfi˜ ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÌÂÙ·ÊÂÚı› Û ÎÔ˘ÙÈ¿ ÌÂÙ·ÊÔ-Ú¿˜, Ô˘ ηÏfi Â›Ó·È Ó· Â›Ó·È Ï·ÛÙÈο, ÁÈ· Ó· ηı·Ú›˙Ô-ÓÙ·È Î·È Ó· ·ÔÏ˘Ì·›ÓÔÓÙ·È Â‡ÎÔÏ·.¢) ÂȉÈΤ˜ ÊÔÚËÙ¤˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈΤ˜ ÌÔÓ¿‰Â˜™ÙÔ ÂÌfiÚÈÔ ‰È·Ù›ıÂÙ·È ÌÂÁ¿ÏË ÔÈÎÈÏ›· Û ÔÈfiÙËÙ· ηÈÙÈ̤˜ ÊÔÚËÙÒÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÒÓ ÌÔÓ¿‰ˆÓ, Ô˘ ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿-ÓÔ˘Ó fi,ÙÈ Â›Ó·È ·Ó·Áη›Ô ÁÈ· ÙËÓ Ï‹ÚË Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ıÂ-ڷ›· (·ÂÚfiÙÔÚ, ÌÈÎÚÔÌfiÙÔÚ, Û˘Û΢‹ ˘ÂÚ‹¯ˆÓ, ·Â-ÚÔÛ˘ÌÈÂÛÙ‹, ÊÈ¿ÏË ÓÂÚÔ‡ ÁÈ· Ù· ÎÔÙÈο ÂÚÁ·Ï›·, ÛÈÂ-Ï·ÓÙÏ›· / ·Ó·ÚÚfiÊËÛË, ÊÈ¿ÏË Û˘ÏÏÔÁ‹˜ Ï˘Ì¿ÙˆÓ Î.Ï).™ÙÔ ÂÌfiÚÈÔ ‰È·Ù›ıÂÓÙ·È Â›Û˘ Ù˘ÛÛfiÌÂÓ˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚÈΤ˜ ¤‰Ú˜, ÂÚÂÈÛÈΤʷϷ Î·È ÊÔÚËÙ¿ ·ÎÙÈÓÔÁÚ·ÊÈοÌ˯·Ó‹Ì·Ù·.

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¶ÚÈÓ ·fi ÙËÓ ÚÒÙË Â›ÛÎÂ„Ë ÛÙÔÓ ·ÛıÂÓ‹, Ô Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·-ÙÚÔ˜ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ·ÓÙÏ‹ÛÂÈ ÏËÚÔÊÔڛ˜ Û¯ÂÙÈο ÌÂ: ·)ÙÔ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi Úfi‚ÏËÌ· ÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂÓÔ‡˜, ›ÁÔÓ ‹ ̄ Úfi-ÓÈÔ, ‚) ÙË ÁÂÓÈ΋ ηٿÛÙ·ÛË ˘Á›·˜ Î·È Ù· Ï·Ì‚·ÓfiÌÂÓ·Ê¿Ú̷η, Á) ÙÔ ÂÚÈ‚¿ÏÏÔÓ ‰È·‚›ˆÛ˘, ‰) ÙËÓ ·ÚÔ˘Û›·ÊÚÔÓÙÈÛÙ‹, ÓÔÛËÏÂ˘Ù‹ Ë ÂȂϤÔÓÙ·, Â) ÙÔÓ ÙÚfiÔ ÌÂ-Ù¿‚·Û˘ Î·È ÛÙ¿ıÌ¢Û˘3, 15. TȘ ÏËÚÔÊÔڛ˜ ·˘Ù¤˜ ÙȘ Ï·Ì‚¿ÓÂÈ ·fi ÙÔÓ ·ÛıÂÓ‹ (·ÓÂ›Ó·È ÂÊÈÎÙfi), ·fi ÙÔ˘˜ ÊÚÔÓÙÈÛÙ¤˜, ·fi ÙÔ «˘Â‡ı˘ÓÔÚfiÛˆÔ» ÁÈ· ÙÔÓ ·ÛıÂÓ‹ Î·È Û˘¯Ó¿ Â›Ó·È ·Ó·Áη›Ô Ó·

ÚÔËÁËı› Û˘ÓÂÓÓfiËÛË Î·È Ì ÙÔ ıÂÚ¿ÔÓÙ· È·ÙÚfi. A˘-Ù¤˜ ÔÈ ÏËÚÔÊÔڛ˜ ı· ÙÔÓ ‚ÔËı‹ÛÔ˘Ó ÒÛÙ ӷ ÚÔÂÙÔÈ-Ì¿ÛÂÈ ÙÔÓ Î·Ù¿ÏÏËÏÔ ÂÍÔÏÈÛÌfi, Ó· ‰È·ÛÊ·Ï›ÛÂÈ ÙËÓ ·-ÚÔ˘Û›· ‚ÔËıÔ‡, ·Ó ·˘Ùfi ÎÚÈı› ·Ó·Áη›Ô Î·È Ó· ‰È·ÌÔÚ-ÊÒÛÂÈ ·ÔÙÂÏÂÛÌ·ÙÈÎfi Û¯¤‰ÈÔ ıÂڷ›·˜. AÓ Ë Â›Û΄˛¯Â ÚÔÁÚ·ÌÌ·ÙÈÛÙ› Û ÚÔÁÂÓ¤ÛÙÂÚÔ ¯ÚfiÓÔ Î·Ïfi ›-Ó·È Ó· ÚÔËÁËı› ÙËÏÂʈÓÈ΋ ÂȂ‚·›ˆÛË.

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™Â οı ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË Â›Ó·È ·Ó·Áη›Ô Ó· ÙËÚËı› Ë ÚÔÛÙ·-Û›· Ù˘ ȉȈÙÈÎfiÙËÙ·˜ ÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂÓÔ‡˜ ηٿ ÙËÓ ÂͤٷÛËÎ·È ÙË ıÂڷ›·. A˘Ùfi ¤¯ÂÈ È‰È·›ÙÂÚË ÛËÌ·Û›· ÛÙ· ȉڇ-Ì·Ù·, fiÔ˘ Û˘¯Ó¿ Ë ·ÔÌfiÓˆÛË ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È Â‡ÎÔÏË, ·ÏÏ¿Î·È ÛÙȘ ÔÈ˘. ™ÎfiÈÌÔ Â›Ó·È Ó· ÚÔÛٷهÔÓÙ·È Ù· ÚÔ-ÛˆÈο ‰Â‰Ô̤ӷ ·fi Ù˘¯fiÓ ÙÚ›ÙÔ˘˜ ·ÚfiÓÙ˜ (¯. ÔÈ-Îȷ΋ ‚ÔËıfi, ¿ÏÏÔÈ Û˘ÁοÙÔÈÎÔÈ, Û˘ÁÁÂÓ›˜ Î.Ï.)3. £·Ú¤ÂÈ Â›Û˘ Ó· ‰È·ÛÊ·Ï›˙ÂÙ·È ÚfiÛ‚·ÛË Û ÓÂÚfi Î·È Ë-ÏÂÎÙÚÈÎfi Î·È ÚÔÛÙ·Û›· ·fi Èı·Ó‹ ‰È·ÛÔÚ¿ ÏÔÈÌÒÍÂ-ˆÓ17, ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È Ë ÚÔÛˆÈ΋ ÚÔÛÙ·Û›· ÙÔ˘ ıÂÚ¿ÔÓÙ··fi Â͈ÁÂÓ›˜ ·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ˜. I‰È·›ÙÂÚ· ÛÙ· ȉڇ̷ٷ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ‰È·ÛÊ·Ï›˙ÂÙ·È Ë Â-Ȃ‚·›ˆÛË Ù˘ Ù·˘ÙfiÙËÙ·˜ ÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂÓÔ‡˜ ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ÙˆÓ·ÚÈÛÙ·Ì¤ÓˆÓ Û˘ÁÁÂÓÒÓ ‹ ¿ÏÏˆÓ ÊÚÔÓÙÈÛÙÒÓ. H ‰È·ÌfiÚʈÛË ÙÔ˘ ¯ÒÚÔ˘ Â›Ó·È ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈ΋ ηıÒ˜ ··È-ÙÂ›Ù·È ¤Ó·˜ ÂÏ¿¯ÈÛÙÔ˜ ̄ ÒÚÔ˜ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜, Ì›· ÂÈÊ¿ÓÂÈ· ÁÈ·ÙËÓ ÙÔÔı¤ÙËÛË ÂÚÁ·Ï›ˆÓ Î·È ˘ÏÈÎÒÓ Î·È Î·Ù¿ÏÏËÏԘʈÙÈÛÌfi˜. H ·ÚÔ˘Û›· ‚ÔËıÔ‡ ‚ÔËı¿ ηٿ Ôχ ÛÙÔ˘˜¯ÂÈÚÈÛÌÔ‡˜ (¯. ʈÙÈÛÌfi˜ ‰›Ô˘, ‰È·Ù‹ÚËÛË ·ÛıÂÓÔ‡˜Û ηٿÏÏËÏË ı¤ÛË Î.Ï). ¶ÔÏϤ˜ ÊÔÚ¤˜ ÎÚ›ÓÂÙ·È ·Ó·Áη›· Î·È Ë ·ÚÔ˘Û›· ÂÓfi˜Û˘ÁÁÂÓ‹ ‹ ÊÚÔÓÙÈÛÙ‹, Ô˘ ÁÓˆÚ›˙ÂÈ ÙÔ ̄ ÒÚÔ ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È Î·-ıËÛ˘¯¿˙ÂÈ Î·È ËÚÂÌ› ÙÔÓ ·ÛıÂÓ‹.

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™ÙËÓ ÚÒÙË Â›ÛÎÂ„Ë Ô Ô‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ˜ ı· ‰È·ÁÓÒÛÂÈ ·Ó Ô·ÛıÂÓ‹˜ Â›Ó·È Û ı¤ÛË Ó· ÂÈÎÔÈÓˆÓ‹ÛÂÈ ·ÔÙÂÏÂÛÌ·ÙÈοÌ ÙÔ ıÂÚ¿ÔÓÙ·, Ó· ÂÓËÌÂÚˆı› ÁÈ· ÙËÓ Î·Ù¿ÛÙ·ÛË Ù˘˘Á›·˜ ÙÔ˘ Î·È Ó· Û˘Ó·ÈÓ¤ÛÂÈ Î·ÙfiÈÓ ÂÓË̤ڈÛ˘ ÛÙËıÂڷ›·. ™Â ·ÓÙ›ıÂÙË ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË Â›Ó·È ·Ó·Áη›· Ë Ï‹„ËÛ˘Ó·›ÓÂÛ˘ ·fi ÙÔÓ Î·Ù¿ ÓfiÌÔÓ ˘Â‡ı˘ÓÔ «ÎˉÂÌfiÓ·»ÙÔ˘ ·ÛıÂÓÔ‡˜.H ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛË ÙÔ˘ fiÓÔ˘ Î·È Ù˘ ÊÏÂÁÌÔÓ‹˜ ·ÔÙÂ-ÏÔ‡Ó ¿ÓÙ· ÙËÓ ÚÒÙË ÚÔÙÂÚ·ÈfiÙËÙ·. TÔ Û¯¤‰ÈÔ ıÂÚ·-›·˜ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Â›Ó·È ÂÍ·ÙÔÌÈÎÂ˘Ì¤ÓÔ, ·Ïfi, Ú·ÏÈÛÙÈ-Îfi Î·È Â‡ÎÔÏ· ·Ó·ÚÔÛ·ÚÌfiÛÈÌÔ. XˆÚ›˜ ȉȷ›ÙÂÚË ‰˘ÛÎÔÏ›· ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ›˙ÔÓÙ·È ÔÈ ·Ï¤˜ ÂÍ·-ÁˆÁ¤˜, Ë ÂÚÈÔ‰ÔÓÙÈ΋ ıÂڷ›·, Ë Î·Ù·Û΢‹ ‹ ÂȉÈfiÚ-ıˆÛË ÔÏÈÎÒÓ Î·È ÌÂÚÈÎÒÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÔÛÙÔȯÈÒÓ, Ë ÙÔÔı¤ÙËÛËÂÌÊÚ¿ÍÂˆÓ Î·È Ë Û˘ÓÔÏÈ΋ ‰È·¯Â›ÚÈÛË Ù˘ ÙÂÚˉfiÓ·˜, Ë·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛË Ù˘ ÍËÚÔÛÙÔÌ›·˜ Î·È Û˘ÓËıÈÛÌ¤ÓˆÓ ‚Ï·-‚ÒÓ ÙÔ˘ ÛÙfiÌ·ÙÔ˜ (¯. ÛÙÔÌ·Ù›Ùȉ˜), ·Ú¤¯ÔÓÙ·È Ô‰Ë-Á›Â˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÚfiÏË„Ë ÛÙÔÌ·ÙÈÎÒÓ ‚Ï·‚ÒÓ Î·È Á›ÓÂÙ·È Ô-‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ Âη›‰Â˘ÛË ÙfiÛÔ ÙˆÓ ·ÛıÂÓÒÓ fiÛÔ Î·È ÙˆÓÊÚÔÓÙÈÛÙÒÓ. H ηْ Ô›ÎÔÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ ÌÔÚ› Ó· ·ÍÈÔÔÈ‹ÛÂÈ ÙËÓ ÙÂ-¯ÓÈ΋ Ù˘ ·ÙÚ·˘Ì·ÙÈ΋˜ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜16. ¶ÚfiÎÂÈÙ·È ÁÈ·Ì›· ÂÍ·ÈÚÂÙÈο ·Ï‹, ÔÈÎÔÓÔÌÈ΋ Î·È Â‡ÎÔÏË ÛÙËÓ ÂÊ·Ú-

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SUMMARY

Domiciliary dental care: A social necessity for frail social groupsAnastassia E. Kossioni, Flora Zervou-Valvi

hellenic hospital dentistry 6: 43-48, 2013

Domiciliary dental care is necessary for those patients whohave no access to a fixed dental clinic due to variousgeneral, social, medical or geographical reasons. Itparticularly addresses the oral care needs of frail anddependent older persons, residing in their homes or inlong-term care settlements. Domiciliary treatment is offered in most Europeancountries (Austria, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, France,Germany, Norway, the UK, Malta, Luxemburg), mainlythrough the public care system, and in other countriessuch as the USA, Australia and Canada. However, manyprivate dental practitioners feel unprepared and unwillingto provide domiciliary dental care due to inadequatetraining, lack of equipment, financial reasons, lack of timeor unfavorable working conditions. The necessary skills for providing domiciliary dental careare: thorough assessment of the patients general medicalcondition and the ability to consent, provision ofemergency care, good organisation of the dental visits interms of time, transportation and preparation of thenecessary portable equipment, and efficientcommunication with other members of the health careteam and the carers. It is very important to protect thepatients privacy and have a close cooperation with thecarers. The portable equipment includes a general kit (eg.portable light, paper towels, face masks, emergencyequipment, basic dental examination tools, administrative

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papers), specialized equipment (materials and tools forprosthetics, periodontal, conservative and surgical care)and carrying boxes. Portable dental units are also availablein the market. The treatment plan needs to be simple, individualised,realistic, adaptable, and patient-centered. Easy to doprocedures are the simple extractions, tooth scaling,dental fillings, particularly using the ART technique,manufacturing or repairing dentures, the management ofxerostomia, diagnosis and management of many orallesions, prevention and dental education. The two important elements for an efficient domiciliarydental care are clear legal aspects of practice andadequate training of dentists at an undergraduate and aCPD level.

Key words: Domiciliary dental care; Geriatric Dentistry.

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EÈÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·:AÓ·ÛÙ·Û›· E. KÔÛÈÒÓËTËÏ.: 210-7461212. e-mail: akossioni@dent.uoa.gr

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TËÓ ¶·Ú·Û΢‹ 19 ¢ÂÎÂÌ‚Ú›Ô˘ 2014, ÒÚ·09.00, ‰ÈÂÍ‹¯ıË ·fi ÙÔ TÌ‹Ì· ™ÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È °Ó·-ıÔÚÔÛˆÈ΋˜ XÂÈÚÔ˘ÚÁÈ΋˜ ÙÔ˘ °ÂÓÈÎÔ‡ NÔÛÔ-ÎÔÌ›Ԣ KÈÏΛ˜ Ì Ôχ ÌÂÁ¿ÏË ÂÈÙ˘¯›· HÌÂÚ›-‰· NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ (Ë 1Ë ÛÙÔ NÔ-ÛÔÎÔÌÂ›Ô ·˘Ùfi) ̆ fi ÙËÓ ·ÈÁ›‰· Ù˘ EÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ EÙ·È-Ú›·˜ NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ Ì ı¤Ì·:«ŒÓ·ÚÍË ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·ÙÔ˜ NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰Ô-ÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ·ÙfiÌˆÓ Ì ̄ ÚfiÓȘ ·ı‹ÛÂȘ Î·È AÌÂA.¶ÚÔÙ¿ÛÂȘ-EÍÂÏ›ÍÂȘ».

H ÂÓ ÏfiÁˆ ËÌÂÚ›‰· Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÔÔÈ‹ıËΠÛÙ·Ï·›ÛÈ· ÌÈ·˜ ÁÂÓÈÎfiÙÂÚ˘ ÚÔÛ¿ıÂÈ·˜ Ô˘ ¤¯ÂȈ˜ ÛÙfi¯Ô ÙË ‚ÂÏÙ›ˆÛË ÙÔ˘ ÂȤ‰Ô˘ Ù˘ ·ÚÂ-¯fiÌÂÓ˘ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ÂÚ›ı·Ï„˘ ̤۷ ·fi¤Ó· Û‡Á¯ÚÔÓÔ ‰ËÌfiÛÈÔ Û‡ÛÙËÌ· ˘Á›·˜, ȉȷ›-ÙÂÚ· ÛÙ· ¿ÙÔÌ· Ì ‚‚·ÚË̤ÓÔ È·ÙÚÈÎfi ÈÛÙÔÚÈ-

Îfi Î·È ÛÙ· AÌÂA.Yfi ·˘Ùfi ÙÔ Ú›ÛÌ·, ÙÔ °ÂÓÈÎfi NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂ›Ô KÈÏ-

Λ˜ Ì ڈÙÔ‚Ô˘Ï›· ÙÔ˘ ¢È¢ı˘ÓÙ‹ ÙÔ˘ TÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜™ÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È °Ó·ıÔÚÔÛˆÈ΋˜ XÂÈÚÔ˘ÚÁÈ΋˜Î. XÚ‹ÛÙÔ˘ M¿ÎÔ˘, ̤ÏÔ˘˜ ÙÔ˘ ¢.™. Ù˘ EENO,Î·È ¤¯ÔÓÙ·˜ ÙËÓ ·Ì¤ÚÈÛÙË Û˘Ì·Ú¿ÛÙ·ÛË Ù˘ ¢È-Ô›ÎËÛ˘, ÙÔ˘ ¢È¢ı˘ÓÙ‹ I·ÙÚÈ΋˜ YËÚÂÛ›·˜ ηÈÙÔ˘ EÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎÔ‡ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï›Ô˘ ÙÔ˘ NÔÛÔÎÔÌ›-Ô˘, Û˘ÌÌÂÙ¤¯ÂÈ ÂÓÂÚÁ¿ ÛÙËÓ ̆ ÏÔÔ›ËÛË ÌÂÙ·Ù˘-¯È·ÎÔ‡ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·ÙÔ˜ NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·-ÙÚÈ΋˜ Ù˘ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ™¯ÔÏ‹˜ A.¶.£. ̆ fi ÙËÓ¢ı‡ÓË ÙÔ˘ K·ıËÁËÙ‹ Î. §¿ÌÚÔ˘ ZÔ˘ÏÔ‡ÌË.

™ÎÔfi˜ Ù˘ ËÌÂÚ›‰·˜ ·˘Ù‹˜ ‹Ù·Ó Ë ÂÓË̤ڈ-ÛË ÙˆÓ ·ÚÌfi‰ÈˆÓ ÊÔÚ¤ˆÓ Î·È ÙÔ˘ ÎÔÈÓÔ‡ ÁÈ· ÙȘ·Ú¯fiÌÂÓ˜ ̆ ËÚÂۛ˜ Î·È Ë ‰È·ÌfiÚʈÛË ÚÔ-Ù¿ÛˆÓ. TËÓ OÚÁ·ÓˆÙÈ΋ EÈÙÚÔ‹ ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛ·Ó

ÔÈ Î.Î. XÚ‹ÛÙÔ˜ M¿-ÎÔ˜, Mȯ¿Ï˘ ZÔ˘-ÌÔ˘Ï¿Î˘, M·Ú›·Iˆ·ÓÓ›‰Ô˘, AÓıԇϷEÌÌ·ÓÔ˘ËÏ›‰Ô˘,E˘ı˘Ì›· ¶·Ú·-Û΢·˝‰Ô˘.

¶·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿ÛıËηÓÔÈ ·ÎfiÏÔ˘ı˜ ÂÈÛË-Á‹ÛÂȘ:

«™Î¤„ÂȘ Î·È ÚÔ-Ù¿ÛÂȘ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ·ÓÙÈ-ÌÂÙÒÈÛË ·ÙfïÓÌ ·Ó·ËÚ›·».Mȯ¿Ï˘ ZÔ˘ÌÔ˘-Ï¿Î˘, O‰ÔÓÙ›·-ÙÚÔ˜, MÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·-

50 ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 49-52, 2013

TMHMA ™TOMATIKH™ KAI °NA£O¶PO™ø¶IKH™ XEIPOYP°IKH™°ENIKOY NO™OKOMEIOY KI§KI™

1Ë HÌÂÚ›‰· NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ Ì ı¤Ì·: «ŒÓ·ÚÍË ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·ÙÔ˜ NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜

·ÙfiÌˆÓ Ì ¯ÚfiÓȘ ·ı‹ÛÂȘ Î·È AÌÂA ¶ÚÔÙ¿ÛÂȘ EÍÂÏ›ÍÂȘ»

™ÙÈÁÌÈfiÙ˘Ô ·fi ÙËÓ HÌÂÚ›‰· Ì ÙÔ˘˜ Û˘ÌÌÂÙ¤¯ÔÓÙ˜.

Îfi˜ ºÔÈÙËÙ‹˜ ¶ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·ÙÔ˜ NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰Ô-ÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ A¶£, EÎ·È‰Â˘fiÌÂÓÔ˜ ¶ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·-ÙÔ˜ NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ °. N. KÈÏΛ˜.

«¶ÚÔÙ¿ÛÂȘ ‰È·¯Â›ÚÈÛ˘ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·ÙÔ˜ NÔ-ÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜. E˘ÚËÌ·ÙÈÎfiÙËÙ·,ÂȯÂÈÚËÌ·ÙÈÎfiÙËÙ·, ·˘Ùԉȷ¯Â›ÚÈÛË Î·È ÔʤÏË».XÚ‹ÛÙÔ˜ M¿ÎÔ˜, ¢È¢ı˘ÓÙ‹˜ TÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ ™ÙÔÌ·-ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È °Ó·ıÔÚÔÛˆÈ΋˜ XÂÈÚÔ˘ÚÁÈ΋˜ °.N. KÈÏΛ˜.

K·Ù¿ ÙËÓ ¤Ó·ÚÍË Ù˘ ÂΉ‹ÏˆÛ˘ ·Ó·ÁÓÒÛıË-Î·Ó Ù· ÌËӇ̷ٷ Ô˘ ·¤ÛÙÂÈÏ·Ó:

ñ H ¶Úfi‰ÚÔ˜ ÙÔ˘ ¢™ Ù˘ EÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ EÙ·ÈÚ›-·˜ NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ Î. ºÏÒÚ·ZÂÚ‚Ô‡-B¿Ï‚Ë, ™˘ÓÙÔÓ›ÛÙÚÈ· ¢È¢ı‡ÓÙÚÈ·O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡ TÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ EȉÈ΋˜ MÔÓ¿‰·˜AÌÂA °.N. «AÛÎÏËÈÂ›Ô BԇϷ˜»

ñ O K·ıËÁËÙ‹˜ ™ÙÔÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È °Ó·ıÔÚÔÛˆ-È΋˜ XÂÈÚÔ˘ÚÁÈ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎÔ‡ TÌ‹Ì·-ÙÔ˜ A.¶.£. Î. §¿ÌÚÔ˜ ZÔ˘ÏÔ‡Ì˘, Y‡-ı˘ÓÔ˜ MÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·ÎÔ‡ ¶ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·ÙÔ˜ NÔ-ÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜.

OÌÈÏ›· - ¯·ÈÚÂÙÈÛÌfi ·Â‡ı˘Ó·Ó:ñ O Î. AÚÈÛÙ›‰Ë˜ ¶··‰fiÔ˘ÏÔ˜, EÎÚfiÛˆ-

Ô˜ ¢·ÛοψÓ-EÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÒÓ, ¢È¢ı˘ÓÙ‹˜ ÙÔ˘6ı¤ÛÈÔ˘ EȉÈÎÔ‡ ¢ËÌÔÙÈÎÔ‡ ™¯ÔÏ›Ԣ KÈÏ-Λ˜.

ñ H Î. E˘ı˘Ì›· K·Ú¿Ì·ÏË, EÎÚfiÛˆÔ˜°ÔÓ¤ˆÓ Î·È KˉÂÌfiÓˆÓ AÌÂA, ¶Úfi‰ÚÔ˜™˘ÏÏfiÁÔ˘ °ÔÓ¤ˆÓ Î·È KˉÂÌfiÓˆÓ AÌÂA N.KÈÏΛ˜.

ñ O Î. X¿Ú˘ X·Ú·Ï·Ì›‰Ë˜, EÎÚfiÛˆÔ˜ M·-ıËÙÒÓ-øÊÂÏÔ˘Ì¤ÓˆÓ EȉÈÎÒÓ ™¯ÔÏ›ˆÓ.

AÎÔÏÔ‡ıËÛ ÌÔ˘ÛÈ΋ ÂΉ‹ÏˆÛË (Y‡ı˘ÓÔ˜Mȯ¿Ï˘ ZÔ˘ÌÔ˘Ï¿Î˘).

H ·‹¯ËÛË ÛÙËÓ ÙÔÈ΋ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›· Î·È fi¯È ÌfiÓÔ‹Ù·Ó ÌÂÁ¿ÏË. H ËÌÂÚ›‰· Û˘ÁΤÓÙÚˆÛ ÙÔ ÂӉȷ-ʤÚÔÓ fi¯È ÌfiÓÔ ÙˆÓ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ¿ÙÚˆÓ ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ÙˆÓ ÔÈ-ÎÔÁÂÓÂÈÒÓ Î·È ÙˆÓ ÂÎÚÔÛÒˆÓ ÊÔÚ¤ˆÓ ÙˆÓ AÌÂA.H ‰ÈÂÍ·ÁˆÁ‹ Ù˘ Ì¿ÏÈÛÙ· ÛÙËÓ A›ıÔ˘Û· ™˘ÁΤ-ÓÙÚˆÛ˘ ÛÙË N¤· ¶Ù¤Ú˘Á· ÙÔ˘ NÔÛÔÎÔÌ›Ԣ KÈÏ-Λ˜, Ë ÔÔ›· Â›Ó·È Ï‹Úˆ˜ ÚÔÛ‚¿ÛÈÌË Û ¿ÙÔÌ·

Ì ̄ ÚfiÓȘ ·ı‹ÛÂȘ Î·È AÌÂA, Û˘ÓÂÙ¤ÏÂÛ ÒÛÙÂÔÏÏ¿ AÌÂA Ó· ÌÔÚ¤ÛÔ˘Ó Ó· ÚÔÛ¤ÏıÔ˘Ó Î·È Ó··Ú·ÎÔÏÔ˘ı‹ÛÔ˘Ó ÙËÓ È‰È·›ÙÂÚÔ˘ ÂӉȷʤÚÔÓÙÔ˜ıÂÌ·ÙÔÏÔÁ›·. OÈ ̆ „ËÏÔ‡ ÂȤ‰Ô˘ ÂÈÛËÁ‹ÛÂȘ ηÈÔÈ ÂӉȷʤÚÔ˘Û˜ ·ÚÂÌ‚¿ÛÂȘ ÙˆÓ Û˘ÌÌÂÙ¯fi-ÓÙˆÓ Û˘Ó¤‚·Ï·Ó ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈο ÛÙËÓ ÂÈÙ˘¯›· ·˘Ù‹.T· ‰Â Û˘ÌÂÚ¿ÛÌ·Ù¿ Ù˘ ·Ó·ÎÔÈÓÒıËÎ·Ó ÛÙÔÓÙÔÈÎfi Ù‡Ô, Ô ÔÔ›Ô˜ ˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈÍ ÙËÓ ÚÔÛ¿-ıÂÈ· ÔÈÎÈÏÔÙÚfiˆ˜.

51ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 49-52, 2013

OÌÈÏ›· ÙÔ˘ ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·ÎÔ‡ ÊÔÈÙËÙ‹ ÙÔ˘ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·ÙÔ˜ NÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋˜ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋˜ A.¶.£. ÛÙÔ °. N. KÈÏΛ˜, O‰ÔÓÙ›·ÙÚÔ˘ Î. Mȯ¿ÏË ZÔ˘ÌÔ˘Ï¿ÎË.

OÌÈÏ›· ÙÔ˘ ¢È¢ı˘ÓÙ‹ ÙÔ˘ °Ó·ıÔ¯ÂÈÚÔ˘ÚÁÈÎÔ‡ TÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ ÙÔ˘ °. N. KÈÏΛ˜ Î. XÚ‹ÛÙÔ˘ M¿ÎÔ˘.

52 ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌÂȷ΋ Ô‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋ 6: 49-52, 2013

TÔ O‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈÎfi TÌ‹Ì· ÙÔ˘ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌÈ·ÎÔ‡NÔÛÔÎÔÌ›Ԣ HÚ·ÎÏ›Ԣ (¶·°NH) ‰ÈÔÚÁ¿ÓˆÛ ·-ÎÏÔ Ì·ıËÌ¿ÙˆÓ Ì ı¤Ì· «TÔ I·ÙÚÈÎfi E›ÁÔÓ ÛÙËÓO‰ÔÓÙÈ·ÙÚÈ΋», ÁÈ· ÙÔ ¤ÙÔ˜ 2014. T· Ì·ı‹Ì·Ù· ‰ÈÂ-

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