EARTH SCIENCEWhat is the study of earth

exactly?

What doesn’t it cover? Earth science is going to cover a lot of

things. The earth has lots of different systems

that we will go through. The four main branches of earth science

are Astronomy, Meteorology, Geology, and Oceanography

Pretty much all Earth science can be put into one of these four branches

Earth’s Systems To go along with the four main systems of

the Earth Science, There are four systems that go as follows: the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere.

Lithosphere: crust and mantle Hydrosphere: water system Atmosphere: gases surrounding the earth Biosphere: All living organisms

Astronomy Stars, Aliens, Planets, Out of this world The study of astronomy might not deal

with aliens (we have not come up with evidential proof yet) but it does include everything that is not on our current planet.

Gotta use special instruments to study: space ships, telescopes, etc.

Astronomy

Meteorology The study of knowing with its going to

rain (among other weather elements) Meteorologists study the forces and

processes that cause the atmosphere to change to produce weather.

They also try to “predict” what will happen next.

Meteorology

Geology Rocks! More and more rocks. Geology is the study of the materials

that make up Earth and the processes that form and change these materials.

Any rock collectors out there?

Geology

Oceanography You guessed it. This is the study of the

ocean.

Why not though, it takes up 3/4ths of Earth’s surface

This is the study of the ocean in all that that encompasses (animal/plant life, chemical issues, currents, etc.)

Oceanography

MEASUREMENTS!Why are these important?

SI SI stands for Systeme International

d’Unites Internationally, this is the system that we

will use measure anything in science. There are several things that get

measured Length, Mass, Volume/Area, Density,

Time, Temperature

Length Measured in Meters

(m) How long

something is or the distance between two objects

Mass Measured in grams

(g) The amount of

matter in an object Not the same as

weight but similar

Area/Volume Area is measured in

m2

It is the amount of space on the surface something takes up.

Volume is measured in the milliliter (mL) or cm3

About of space something takes in 3D

Density Amount of matter

that occupies a given space

Doesn’t have a special unit to itself.

Labeled g/mL or g/cm3

Aka mass/volume No tool to measure

Time Internationally time

is measured by seconds (s)

Usually is going to be measured by a watch or a timer

Temperature In science we do no

use the Fahrenheit scale. We use Celcius (C°)

We could also measure in Kelvin but that’s less important at the moment

Use a thermometer

Goes by 10’s There are bigger

and smaller units of each base units

Length-meter(m) Mass- gram (g) Volume- Liter (L) Time- second (s) Temperature-

Celcius (C°)

Divisions by ten- Mega- base

x1,000,000 Kilo-base x 1,000 Deci- base/10 Centi- base/100 Milli- base/1000 Micro-base/

1000000 Pico-base/

1000000000

Practice 1 m = ? mm

1ms= ? s

1 ml = ? cL = ? L

1 L = ? mm

HINT! If you are getting

bigger divide. If you are getting

smaller multiply