economic development: what & where?
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Economic Development: What and Where?
AP Human Geography - Damon - March 2017
![Page 2: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What Is Economic Development?
A. Improvement over time in:–Economic well-being–Technology & production–Social well-being
B. A ranking of a country or region’s standard of living
![Page 4: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Categorizations Used
A. Developed & DevelopingB. More Developed Countries (MDCs) &
Less Developed Countries (LDCs)C. Core, Periphery & Semi-PeripheryD. Global North - Global SouthE. 1st World & 3rd World (2nd World?)F. Emerging Economies
–BRICS, NICs, etc.
![Page 6: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Developed and Developing
Regional Trends? Outliers? Outdated?
![Page 7: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Core, Periphery and Semi-Periphery
![Page 8: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Global North - Global South“The Brandt Line”
![Page 9: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
1st, 2nd and 3rd World Countries
![Page 11: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Newly Industrializing Countries (NICs)
![Page 13: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Hans Rosling:“Stop Calling Them Developing
Countries”
The term “developing countries" might have made sense once. Today it's impossible to make a clear distinction
between "developing" and "developed" countries. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jbkSRLYSojo
![Page 14: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
How Can We Measure Economic Development?
United Nations Human Development Index (HDI)
One statistic that combines life expectancy, years of schooling & income
![Page 16: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
2016 U.N. HDI
Regional Trends? Outliers?
![Page 18: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
2016 U.N. HDI Top Ten
![Page 19: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
2016 U.N. HDI Bottom 10
![Page 20: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
How Can We Measure the Value of Economic Production?
• Gross National Product (GNP): value of goods and services produced by a country in a year
• Gross Domestic Product (GDP): value of goods and services produced in a country in a year
• Gross National Income (GNI): value of goods and services produced in a country in a year plus net income from other sources
![Page 21: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
A Statistic That Is Expressed Per Capita Means?
Per Person
![Page 22: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
GDP per Capita1500 1900
1990 2015
What Changes? Why? How?
![Page 23: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Shortcomings of GNP, GDP and GNI
• Only measure the formal economy– Do not include subsistence, informal and
illegal (black market) activities• Do not measure true costs of
production (externalities)– Examples: environmental effects, health
effects, working conditions, etc.
![Page 24: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Example: Illegal Activities That Are Not Calculated in GDP
![Page 26: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Example: Externalities
![Page 28: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Example: Externalities
As China develops economically, a wealthier population purchases more cigarettes, which helps the economy in the short run, but will result in increased health care costs in the
future.
![Page 29: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Example: Externalities
2013 Garment Factory Collapse 1000+ Died
![Page 30: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Additional Key Measure of Economic Development:
Labor Force Structure Percent Employed in Primary, Secondary, Tertiary Sectors
![Page 31: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Compare Highest and Lowest 2016 GDP per capita Countries
Highest = Qatar
GDP per capita: $132,870
GDP composition by sector
Agriculture 0.1%Industry 51.1%Services 48.8%
Lowest = Somalia
GDP per capita: $400
GDP composition by sector
Agriculture 60.2%Industry 7.4%Services 32.5%
![Page 33: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Why Might Qatar Not Be The Best Country To Compare To?
![Page 34: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Compare 2nd Highest and Lowest 2016 GDP per capita Countries
2nd Highest = Luxembourg
GDP per capita: $99,506
GDP composition by sector
Agriculture 0.2%Industry 11.1%Services 88.7%
Lowest = Somalia
GDP per capita: $400
GDP composition by sector
Agriculture 60.2%Industry 7.4%Services 32.5%
![Page 35: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Percent of Labor Force Engaged in Agriculture
![Page 36: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Other Statistics We Can Use
and many more …
![Page 37: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Scale Is Important!GDP per capita varies by region in India & Brazil & all other countries
![Page 38: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: Economic Development: What & Where?](https://reader038.vdocuments.net/reader038/viewer/2022110218/58ef3b3a1a28ab57278b468d/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)