Electrons & Networks: Evaluating the Effectiveness of

Governance Networks for Implementing the Smart Grid

June 14, 2014Christopher M. Frost

Research QuestionSources of EvidenceoSmart GridoNetwork GovernanceoCase Studies

ComparisonsFindingsConclusion & Reflections

Outline

Using a comparative case study approach, what is the structure and effectiveness of governance networks in developing and implementing Smart Grid energy policy and projects?

Research Question

Network Governance

Literature

Case Study Approach

Smart Grid Literature

Sources of Evidence

Smart Grid: What is it?

X

X X

X

X

X

X

Hierarchy/Vertical Horizontal/ Networks Market Networks

Network Governance

Actor C Actor D

Network Governance: What is it?

Collaboration/ CooperationActor A

Actor B

Command/ Control

Actor E Actor F

Competition

Koliba, Meeks & Zia (2011)

Govern-ment Private Non-Profit Other

Actor Examples (Entities):

Issues/Policy/Governance Networks

Network Governance

Actor 1

Network Governance: What is it?

Govern-ment Private Non-Profit Other

Concession/ Compromise

Koliba, Meeks & Zia (2011)

Actor Examples (Entities):

Actor 2

Actor 3

Actor 4

Actor 5

Self-Governed Network

Actor 1

Actor 2

Actor 3

Actor 4

Actor 5

Network Administrative Organization

Actor 1

Actor 2

Actor 3

Actor 4

Lead Org.

Lead Organization Network

Network Admin. Org.

Smart Grid Case StudiesUnited States

PNW Smart Grid Demonstration Project

Retrieved from: http://www.pnwsmartgrid.org/docs/PNWSGDP_flier.pdf

South KoreaJeju Island Smart

Grid Test-Bed Project

Retrieved from:https://cleanenergysolutions.org/webfm_send/1156

Smart Grid Demos - StructurePNW-SGD

Retrieved from:http://www.bpa.gov/Energy/N/smart_grid/docs/Smart_Grid_Presentation_Feb_18_2010.pdf

Jeju Island Test-Bed

1. Mah, D (2011) 2. Retrieved from:https://cleanenergysolutions.org/webfm_send/1156

Lead Organizations

Technology Partners

Technology Partners

Resources

Resources

Resources

Smart Grid Demos - Projects

Olympic Peninsula

Retrieved from:http://www.bpa.gov/Energy/N/smart_grid/docs/Smart_Grid_Presentation_Feb_18_2010.pdf

Jeju Island Smart Place

Retrieved from:https://cleanenergysolutions.org/webfm_send/1156

Koliba, Meeks & Zia (2011)

Comparisons - Case Study ModelCategory United States

PNW-SGDSouth Korea

Jeju Island Test BedSimilarity = ≈ ≠

Project Profile

Multi-state, mutually exclusive projects, small Demand Response test

Autonomous Province, inter-connected projects, larger Demand Response test

≈

Project Outcomes

Focus on technology, significant projected long-term return on investment

Part of 5-year action plan for ‘Smart City’, limited immediate benefits

≠

Governance Structure

Lead organization w/in DOE, Project Review Board, utility partners, technology partners

State-owned utility, provincial government and consortia of technology companies

≠

Governance Attributes

Part of broad energy policy portfolio, no direct ‘electeds’ participation, voluntary citizen participation

Close ties to central govt., Smart Grid Act, voluntary citizen participation

≈

Smart Grid projects are currently focused on technology and planning/implementation.

Little current focus on governance strategies for projects or expansion.

Governance networks are limited to project scope/timelines.

Citizen engagement and “democratic anchorage” is limited.

Findings

Governance Networks are ContextualKoliba Analysis ModelTechnology, Policy, Governance

Alignment

Reflection on Leadership and EMPA Program

Conclusions

Cohort Awesome

Professors and Staff of EMPA

My family

Thanks!

Gamsahamnida!